CN109935350A - A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end - Google Patents
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109935350A CN109935350A CN201711369512.5A CN201711369512A CN109935350A CN 109935350 A CN109935350 A CN 109935350A CN 201711369512 A CN201711369512 A CN 201711369512A CN 109935350 A CN109935350 A CN 109935350A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- annular fuel
- fuel rod
- fixed
- end plug
- sided cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end.The annular fuel rod includes upper end plug, lower end plug, interior involucrum, outer envelope, annular fuel pellet；Wherein, the cavity that interior involucrum and outer envelope are nested to form is used to accommodate annular fuel pellet, and connection upper end plug, lower section connect lower end plug above interior involucrum and outer envelope；The lower end plug of the annular fuel rod is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets.Annular fuel rod of the present invention is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets, avoids the chucking power reduction for clamping the spring of fuel rod in operational process, fuel rod is caused to fall on bottom nozzle the problem of damaging fuel rod.Annular fuel rod of the present invention, the two-sided cooling of energy is that is, inside and outside to have coolant circulation, cools down to fuel rod.Compared with existing PWR Fuel stick, fuel heat transfer area increases 50%, and fuel pellet maximum temperature reduces 1000 DEG C, and linear power density increases 20%~50%, and flow resistance reduces 20%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nuclear power, and in particular to a kind of fuel rod, it is fixed double further to a kind of lower end
Face cools down annular fuel rod.
Background technique
In nuclear power plant reactor operational process, the performance of nuclear fuel be influence nuclear reactor safety and economy it is important because
Element.Therefore the research of fuel element is placed on status very outstanding always in the world, by the design of optimization fuel element, used
The methods of advanced configuration material, improvement component manufacturing process, are continuously improved the various performances of nuclear fuel element, promote nuclear power to more
Safe and more economical direction is developed.
Usual nuclear fuel is designed as solid cylindrical, is made of upper and lower end plug, pellet, holddown spring and involucrum, cold
But agent is flowed through outside involucrum, is cooled down to fuel rod.
Existing PWR fuel assembly design in, fuel rod generally using grid spacer clamp it is hanging by the way of, down tube
Seat supports entire fuel assembly by control rod guide pipe.Requirement of this design to grid spacer is relatively high.It is transported in reactor
In the capable end of term, since the chucking power of the spring of the effect clamping fuel rod of irradiation can strongly reduce, fuel rod can generally be fallen in down
On tube socket, under the mobilization of coolant, fuel rod may upper and lower play, this will lead to the risk of fuel rod breakage.
Compared with traditional solid cylindrical fuel, the benefit of annular fuel is under very high linear density, in fuel
The temperature of the heart is still very low, and the energy storage in fuel is less, and fission gas release is less.Under expectable normal operation and transient condition
Fuel performance is preferable.It there are no document both at home and abroad and report be disclosed in detail to annular fuel rod specific structure.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of two-sided cooling of energy and fixed pair of the simple lower ends easy to process of structure
Face cools down annular fuel rod.
Realize the technical solution of the object of the invention: a kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end, the annular fuel
Stick includes upper end plug, lower end plug, interior involucrum, outer envelope, annular fuel pellet；Wherein, interior involucrum and outer envelope are nested to form
Cavity is used to accommodate annular fuel pellet, and connection upper end plug, lower section connect lower end plug above interior involucrum and outer envelope；The ring
The lower end plug of shape fuel rod is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in annular fuel rod length with it is interior
Involucrum internal diameter ratio is (400~600): 1, annular fuel rod length and outer envelope outer diameter ratio are (200~350): 1.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in interior involucrum outer surface and ring
The internal surface gaps of shape fuel pellet are 0.02~0.1mm；The inner surface of the outer envelope and the appearance of annular fuel pellet
Face gap is 0.03~0.15mm.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in eyelets on or under
End plug is avoided being provided with 2 to 6 side opening at welding position, prevents stifled stream, and coolant is end plug stream from the bottom up.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in annular fuel rod lower end plug
It is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets, eyelets upper end spiral is connected to the outer surface of lower end plug, and tubulose is solid
Determining the fixed form that part lower end is fixed on bottom nozzle includes that spiral is connected, snapped connection, C-shaped ring or pin connect.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in upper end plug or lower end table beyond the Great Wall
Face has chamfering structure.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in eyelets outer surface band
There is chamfering structure.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in annular fuel pellet upper end peace
Equipped with holddown spring.Described holddown spring one end is withstood on annular fuel pellet, and the other end is withstood in upper end plug, is compressing bullet
Under the thrust of spring, annular fuel pellet is pressed on lower end beyond the Great Wall.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in upper end plug on settable 1
Aeration aperture pours helium for accommodating in the cavity of fuel pellet by what the inside involucrum of the aeration aperture and outer envelope were nested to form
Gas.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in upper end plug by argon arc welding or
Electron beam welding is connect with interior involucrum and outer envelope；The lower end plug passes through argon arc welding or electron beam welding and interior involucrum and outer envelope
Connection.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in annular fuel rod heat transfer area
It is 0.6-2 with volume of fuel ratio.
A kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end as described above, described in annular fuel rod highest average
Power is 30-50kW/m；Annular fuel pellet maximum temperature is reduced to 500 DEG C.
A kind of annular fuel component of the present invention, the annular fuel component include upper tube socket, bottom nozzle, annular fuel
Stick, grid spacer and guide pipe, described in annular fuel rod using the fixed two-sided cooling annular combustion in any of the above-described lower end
Charge bar.
Effect of the invention is that: annular fuel rod of the present invention is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets, is avoided
The chucking power that the spring of fuel rod is clamped in operational process reduces, and causes fuel rod to fall in and damages asking for fuel rod on bottom nozzle
Topic, play above and below fuel rod when preventing coolant from flowing up by fuel assembly avoid result in the risk of fuel rod breakage；Pipe
Shape external surface of fixing member has chamfering structure with chamfering structure, upper end plug or lower end outer surface, when can prevent pull-rod with
Grid spacer etc. hooks.Fuel rod is attached by welding manner with certain intensity and easy to process.The present invention
The fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in the lower end, the two-sided cooling of energy is that is, inside and outside to have coolant circulation, to fuel
Stick is cooled down.Compared with existing PWR Fuel stick structure, fuel heat transfer area increases 50%, fuel pellet maximum temperature drop
1000 DEG C low, linear power density increases 20%~50%, and flow resistance reduces 20%.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of Fig. 1 fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod structural schematic diagram in lower end of the present invention.
In figure: 1. upper end plugs；Involucrum in 2.；3. outer envelope；4. holddown spring；5. annular fuel pellet；6. lower end plug；7.
Eyelets.
Specific embodiment
In the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments to a kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel in lower end of the present invention
Stick is further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end of the present invention, the annular fuel rod packet
Include upper end plug 1, lower end plug 6, interior involucrum 2, outer envelope 3, annular fuel pellet 5；Wherein, interior involucrum 2 and outer envelope 3 are nested to form
Cavity be used to accommodate annular fuel pellet 5, interior involucrum 2 connects upper end plug 1, interior involucrum 2 by argon arc welding with above outer envelope 3
End plug 6 is connected down by argon arc welding with below outer envelope 3.
The annular fuel rod is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets 7；The eyelets upper end spiral connects
It connects in the outer surface of lower end plug 6；Eyelets lower end spiral is fastened on bottom nozzle.
Holddown spring 4 is mounted on 5 upper end of annular fuel pellet, and providing thrust in transport prevents fuel pellet play, keeps away
Exempt to cause fuel pellet damaged.
1 aeration aperture is set in upper end plug, is used to accommodate by what the inside involucrum of the aeration aperture and outer envelope were nested to form
Helium is poured in the cavity of fuel pellet.
The annular fuel rod length and interior involucrum internal diameter ratio are 500:1, annular fuel rod length and outer envelope outer diameter
Than for 300:1；
The outer surface of the interior involucrum and the internal surface gaps of annular fuel pellet are 0.05mm；
The inner surface of the outer envelope and the outer surface gap of annular fuel pellet are 0.08mm.
The annular fuel rod heat transfer area and volume of fuel ratio is 0.6-2；Annular fuel rod highest average power is
30-50kW/m；5 maximum temperature of annular fuel pellet is reduced to 500 DEG C.
On the eyelets 7 or lower end plug 6 is avoided being provided with 2 to 6 side opening at welding position, prevents from blocking up
Stream, coolant are end plug stream from the bottom up.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end of the present invention, the annular fuel rod packet
Include upper end plug 1, lower end plug 6, interior involucrum 2, outer envelope 3, annular fuel pellet 5；Wherein, interior involucrum 2 and outer envelope 3 are nested to form
Cavity be used to accommodate annular fuel pellet 5, interior involucrum 2 with lead to electron beam welding above outer envelope 3 and connect upper end plug 1, interior involucrum 2
End plug 6 is connected down by electron beam welding with below outer envelope 3.
The annular fuel rod is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets 7；The eyelets upper end spiral connects
It connects in the outer surface of lower end plug 6；Eyelets lower end is fixed on bottom nozzle, and fixed form includes spiral connection, buckle company
It connects, the connection of C-shaped ring or pin.
Holddown spring 4 is mounted on 5 upper end of annular fuel pellet, and providing thrust in transport prevents fuel pellet play, keeps away
Exempt to cause fuel pellet damaged.Described 4 one end of holddown spring is withstood on annular fuel pellet 5, and the other end withstands on upper end plug 1
On, under the thrust of holddown spring 4, annular fuel pellet 5 is pressed on lower end beyond the Great Wall.
1 aeration aperture is set in upper end plug, is used to accommodate by what the inside involucrum of the aeration aperture and outer envelope were nested to form
Helium is poured in the cavity of fuel pellet.
The annular fuel rod length and interior involucrum internal diameter ratio are 400:1, annular fuel rod length and outer envelope outer diameter
Than for 200:1；
The outer surface of the interior involucrum and the internal surface gaps of annular fuel pellet are 0.02mm；
The inner surface of the outer envelope and the outer surface gap of annular fuel pellet are 0.03mm.
The annular fuel rod heat transfer area and volume of fuel ratio is 0.6-2；Annular fuel rod highest average power is
30-50kW/m；5 maximum temperature of annular fuel pellet is reduced to 500 DEG C.
7 outer surface of eyelets has chamfering structure.
The upper end plug or lower end outer surface has chamfering structure.
2 to 6 side opening are provided on the eyelets 7, prevent stifled stream, coolant is end plug stream from the bottom up.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1, the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end of the present invention, the annular fuel rod packet
Include upper end plug 1, lower end plug 6, interior involucrum 2, outer envelope 3, annular fuel pellet 5；Wherein, interior involucrum 2 and outer envelope 3 are nested to form
Cavity be used to accommodate annular fuel pellet 5, interior involucrum 2 connects upper end by argon arc welding or electron beam welding with above outer envelope 3
Plug 1, interior involucrum 2 connects down end plug 6 by argon arc welding or electron beam welding with below outer envelope 3.
The annular fuel rod is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets 7；The eyelets upper end spiral connects
It connects in the outer surface of lower end plug 6；Eyelets lower end is fixed on bottom nozzle, and fixed form includes spiral connection, buckle company
It connects, the connection of C-shaped ring or pin.
Holddown spring 4 is mounted on 5 upper end of annular fuel pellet, and providing thrust in transport prevents fuel pellet play, keeps away
Exempt to cause fuel pellet damaged.
1 aeration aperture is set in upper end plug, is used to accommodate by what the inside involucrum of the aeration aperture and outer envelope were nested to form
Helium is poured in the cavity of fuel pellet.
The annular fuel rod length and interior involucrum internal diameter ratio are 600:1, annular fuel rod length and outer envelope outer diameter
Than for 350:1；
The outer surface of the interior involucrum and the internal surface gaps of annular fuel pellet are 0.1mm；
The inner surface of the outer envelope and the outer surface gap of annular fuel pellet are 0.15mm.
The annular fuel rod heat transfer area and volume of fuel ratio is 0.6-2；Annular fuel rod highest average power is
30-50kW/m；5 maximum temperature of annular fuel pellet is reduced to 500 DEG C.
The lower end plug 6 is avoided being provided with 2 to 6 side opening at welding position, prevents stifled stream, and coolant is from the bottom up
End plug stream.
Embodiment 4
A kind of annular fuel component, the annular fuel component include upper tube socket, bottom nozzle, annular fuel rod, grid spacer
And guide pipe, the annular fuel rod is using the fixed two-sided cooling annular in any lower end described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3
Fuel rod.
Embodiment 5
A kind of reactor uses annular fuel component, which includes upper tube socket, bottom nozzle, annular combustion
Charge bar, grid spacer and guide pipe；Annular fuel rod described in it is fixed using any lower end described in embodiment 1 or 2 or 3
The two-sided cooling annular fuel rod of formula.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end, which includes upper end plug (1), lower end plug (6), interior
Involucrum (2), outer envelope (3), annular fuel pellet (5)；It is characterized by: the interior involucrum (2) and outer envelope (3) nested shape
At cavity be used to accommodate annular fuel pellet (5), connect upper end plug (1) above interior involucrum (2) and outer envelope (3), lower section connects
Connect lower end plug (6)；The lower end plug (6) of the annular fuel rod is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets (7).
2. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ring
Shape fuel rod length and interior involucrum internal diameter ratio are (400~600): 1, annular fuel rod length and outer envelope outer diameter ratio be (200~
350): 1.
3. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is interior
The outer surface of involucrum and the internal surface gaps of annular fuel pellet are 0.02~0.1mm；The inner surface and ring of the outer envelope
The outer surface gap of shape fuel pellet is 0.03~0.15mm.
4. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pipe
On shape fixing piece (7) or lower end plug (6) is avoided being provided with 2 to 6 side opening at welding position, prevents stifled stream, coolant be from
Lower past upper end plug stream.
5. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ring
The lower end plug (6) of shape fuel rod is fixed on bottom nozzle by eyelets (7), and eyelets (7) upper end spiral connects
Connect the outer surface in lower end plug (6), eyelets (7) lower end be fixed on the fixed form on bottom nozzle include spiral connection,
It snaps connection, the connection of C-shaped ring or pin.
6. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is upper
End plug (1) or lower end plug (6) outer surface have chamfering structure.
7. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pipe
Shape fixing piece (7) outer surface has chamfering structure.
8. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ring
Shape fuel pellet (5) upper end is equipped with holddown spring (4).
9. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the pressure
Tight spring (4) one end is withstood on annular fuel pellet (5), and the other end is withstood on upper end plug (1), the thrust in holddown spring (4)
Under effect, annular fuel pellet (5) is pressed on lower end beyond the Great Wall.
10. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Settable 1 aeration aperture in upper end plug (1) is used to accommodate fuel by what the inside involucrum of the aeration aperture and outer envelope were nested to form
Helium is poured in the cavity of pellet.
11. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Upper end plug (1) is connect by argon arc welding or electron beam welding with interior involucrum and outer envelope；The lower end plug (6) by argon arc welding or
Electron beam welding is connect with interior involucrum and outer envelope.
12. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Annular fuel rod heat transfer area and volume of fuel ratio are 0.6-2.
13. the fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in a kind of lower end according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Annular fuel rod highest average power is 30-50kW/m；Annular fuel pellet (5) maximum temperature is reduced to 500 DEG C.
14. a kind of annular fuel component, the annular fuel component include upper tube socket, bottom nozzle, annular fuel rod, grid spacer with
And guide pipe, it is characterised in that: the annular fuel rod is fixed two-sided using any lower end described in claim 1 to 13
Cooling annular fuel rod.
15. a kind of reactor uses annular fuel component, which includes upper tube socket, bottom nozzle, annular fuel
Stick, grid spacer and guide pipe；It is characterized by: the annular fuel rod is using any described in claim 1 to 13
The fixed two-sided cooling annular fuel rod in lower end.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711369512.5A CN109935350B (en) | 2017-12-19 | Lower-end-fixed double-sided cooling annular fuel rod |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711369512.5A CN109935350B (en) | 2017-12-19 | Lower-end-fixed double-sided cooling annular fuel rod |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109935350A true CN109935350A (en) | 2019-06-25 |
| CN109935350B CN109935350B (en) | 2024-07-02 |
Family
ID=
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111681785A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-09-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | C-shaped fixing device for lower end of annular fuel rod and lower pipe seat |
| CN114083102A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Fuel target and welding method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111681785A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-09-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | C-shaped fixing device for lower end of annular fuel rod and lower pipe seat |
| CN114083102A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-25 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Fuel target and welding method thereof |
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