CN109927744B

CN109927744B - Car coupler

Info

Publication number: CN109927744B
Application number: CN201711352052.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余文超; 许光华; 李勇锋
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Chunhua Industry LLC
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Chunhua Industry LLC
Priority date: 2017-12-15
Filing date: 2017-12-15
Publication date: 2021-07-13
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-15
Also published as: CN109927744A

Abstract

The invention discloses a car coupler which comprises a coupler body, a bidirectional buffering device and a coupler tail seat, wherein the bidirectional buffering device comprises a U-shaped fork piece, a spherical hinge rubber buffer and a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the coupler tail seat, a mounting hole is formed in the mounting seat, the spherical hinge rubber buffer is arranged in the mounting hole, one end of the U-shaped fork piece is fixedly connected with the coupler body, and the other end of the U-shaped fork piece is pivoted with the spherical hinge rubber buffer. The car coupler provided by the invention has the advantages that the installation size of the car coupler is obviously shortened to be at least more than 50% through the novel rubber buffer device, meanwhile, the structure of the car coupler is compact, the light weight design is realized, and the manufacturing cost is reduced by nearly 60%.

Description

Car coupler

Technical Field

The invention relates to a railway vehicle part, in particular to a coupler which can obviously shorten the size of the coupler, simplify the structure of the coupler and greatly reduce the cost.

Background

The coupler for coupling the car body of the railway vehicle comprises a coupler body with a coupler head and a coupler tail seat, wherein the buffer is usually arranged on the coupler tail seat, and the coupler body and the coupler tail seat are pivoted through a bolt and positioned between the coupler tail seat and the coupler body, so that the length of the coupler in the running direction of the vehicle is large, and the installation and the replacement of the buffer are troublesome. Meanwhile, when the hook head of the hook body is hung and centered, the hook body cannot automatically adjust the position and center.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a coupler which can obviously shorten the size of the coupler, simplify the structure of the coupler and greatly reduce the cost so as to solve the problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a coupler which comprises a coupler body, a bidirectional buffering device and a coupler tail seat, wherein the bidirectional buffering device comprises a U-shaped fork piece, a spherical hinge rubber buffer and a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the coupler tail seat, a mounting hole is formed in the mounting seat, the spherical hinge rubber buffer is arranged in the mounting hole, one end of the U-shaped fork piece is fixedly connected with the coupler body, and the other end of the U-shaped fork piece is pivoted with the spherical hinge rubber buffer.

The hook body is pivoted with the hook tail seat, and the other end of the support seat extends to the position close to the front end of the hook body.

Furthermore, the bottom of mounting hole is provided with spacing step, the one end of ball pivot rubber buffer is spacing through spacing step, and the other end is spacing through the snap ring of installing in the annular groove in the mounting hole.

Furthermore, a pivot hole is formed in the center of the spherical hinge rubber buffer, the U-shaped fork piece is pivoted with the spherical hinge rubber buffer through a rotating shaft penetrating through the pivot hole, the spherical hinge rubber buffer is integrally formed by a spherical shell rubber layer and a spherical shell steel sheet, the spherical shell rubber layer and the spherical shell steel sheet are arranged at intervals, and a spherical protrusion matched with the spherical hinge rubber buffer is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft.

Furthermore, the mounting seat is provided with a positioning pin hole for mounting a positioning pin to prevent the spherical hinge rubber buffer from rotating, and the positioning pin hole penetrates into the mounting hole.

Further, the hook body is characterized by further comprising a buffer device, wherein the buffer device comprises an elastic rubber pad, the bottom of the elastic rubber pad is arranged on the supporting seat, and the other end of the elastic rubber pad extends to the lower side of the hook body.

Further, buffer still includes the fixed block and can follow the gliding slip layer board about the fixed block, the fixed block is installed on the supporting seat and is located the coupler body both sides, the slip layer board set up in on the elastic rubber pad and both sides card respectively establish in the spout of fixed block.

Furthermore, be located the top of sliding support plate the downside rigid coupling of coupler body has first buffer backing plate, the both sides of coupler body are provided with and are used for compressing tightly the second buffer backing plate of coupler body, second buffer backing plate rigid coupling is in on the fixed block.

Furthermore, the coupler body both sides are provided with the horizontal hunting cylinder, the horizontal hunting cylinder includes first cylinder body and first piston rod, first cylinder body is installed on the hook tailstock, the tip rigid coupling of first piston rod is on the coupler body.

Furthermore, still include the unhook crank on the hook body, still be provided with a drive on the hook body unhook crank pivoted unhook cylinder, the unhook cylinder includes second cylinder body and second piston rod, the second cylinder body with the hook body pin joint, the second piston rod with the unhook crank pin joint.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the car coupler has the advantages that the installation size of the car coupler is obviously shortened by at least 50% through the novel rubber buffer device, meanwhile, the car coupler is compact in structure, light weight design is realized, and the manufacturing cost is reduced by nearly 60%;

2. in the spherical hinge rubber buffer, the rotating shaft with the spherical surface of the bidirectional buffer device can bear impact vibration in any space direction, and the buffering and energy-absorbing capacity of the car coupler is greatly improved.

3. Through the spacing of setting up snap ring and spacing step in the mounting hole on the mount pad to can realize quick replacement of vulnerable part ball pivot rubber buffer, further improve present rail vehicle's quick overhaul efficiency.

4. The left and right deflection of the hook head is adjusted through the left and right adjusting cylinders, and meanwhile, the unhooking crank is driven through the unhooking cylinder, so that the automatic butt joint and separation of the hook head can be realized when different carriages are connected.

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an isometric illustration of a coupler disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the mounting seat and the ball-joint rubber buffer disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the mount and ball-pivot rubber bumper disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a coupler according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a hook body; 2. a bi-directional buffer device; 3. hooking the tail seat; 4. a U-shaped fork; 5. a spherical hinge rubber buffer; 6. a mounting seat; 7. mounting holes; 8. a supporting seat; 9. a limiting step; 10. an annular groove; 11. a snap ring; 12. a pivot hole; 13. a rotating shaft; 14. a spherical shell rubber layer; 15. a spherical shell steel sheet; 16. a positioning pin hole; 17. a buffer device; 18. an up-down adjusting cylinder; 19. a first cylinder; 20. a first piston rod; 21. a left-right swinging cylinder; 22. a first cylinder; 23. a first piston rod; 24. an unhooking crank; 25. an unhooking cylinder; 26. a second cylinder; 27. a second piston rod; 28. a knuckle; 29. a first cushion pad; 30. and a second cushion pad.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the embodiment of the invention discloses a coupler, which comprises a coupler body 1, a bidirectional buffer device 2 and a coupler tail seat 3, wherein the coupler tail seat 3 is installed on a car body of a railway car through a bolt, the coupler body 1 is used for being connected with another car body, the bidirectional buffer device 2 comprises a U-shaped fork piece 4, a ball hinge rubber buffer 5 and a mounting seat 6, the main function of the bidirectional buffer device is to buffer and absorb energy when the car body is connected or runs, the mounting seat 6 is fixedly connected to the coupler tail seat 3 or integrally formed with the coupler tail seat 3, a mounting hole 7 is formed in the mounting seat 6, the ball hinge rubber buffer 5 is arranged in the mounting hole 7, one end of the U-shaped fork piece 4 is fixedly connected with the coupler body 1, and the other end of the U-shaped fork piece is pivoted with the ball hinge rubber. Through this kind of two-way buffer 2, under the condition of guaranteeing same buffering ability of absorbing, realized the reduction of coupling length dimension more than 50%, reduced the quality and the volume of coupling simultaneously, ball pivot rubber buffer 5 makes two-way buffer 2 can bear the impact force in each side in space simultaneously, has realized the maximize of buffering shock attenuation scope.

In this embodiment, the coupler further comprises a supporting seat 8 for supporting the coupler body 1 when the coupler body 1 swings, one end of the supporting seat 8 is pivoted with the coupler tail seat 3, and the other end extends to the vicinity of the front end of the coupler body 1, so that the coupler body 1 can support the rotatable coupler body 1 in the butt joint process of the coupler, and the mutual insertion and connection of adjacent coupler heads and coupler head holes of the car body are facilitated. .

In this embodiment, the bottom of mounting hole 7 is provided with spacing step 9, the one end of ball pivot rubber buffer 5 is spacing through spacing step 9, the other end is spacing through the snap ring 11 of installing in the annular groove 10 in mounting hole 7, when ball pivot rubber buffer 5 needs to be changed, only need withdraw from pivot 13 (be the pin usually), take out snap ring 11 and can take out trade ball pivot rubber buffer 5, because the integral type modularized design of ball pivot rubber buffer 5, interchangeability is good, thereby can realize the quick replacement of vulnerable part ball pivot rubber buffer 5, further improve present rail vehicle's quick maintenance efficiency.

In this embodiment, the pivot hole 12 is opened at the center of the spherical hinge rubber buffer 5, the U-shaped fork 4 is pivoted with the spherical hinge rubber buffer 5 through a rotating shaft 13 penetrating through the pivot hole 12, the spherical hinge rubber buffer 5 is integrally formed by a spherical shell rubber layer 14 and a spherical shell steel sheet 15, the spherical shell rubber layer 14 and the spherical shell steel sheet 15 are arranged at intervals, not only the buffering capacity is ensured through rubber, but also the service life of the spherical hinge rubber buffer 5 is ensured through the steel sheets, the spherical hinge rubber buffer 5 enables the bidirectional buffering device 2 to bear the impact vibration in each direction of the space, and thus the vibration damping capacity of the spherical hinge rubber buffer 5 is increased.

In the present embodiment, the mounting seat 6 is provided with a positioning pin hole 16 for mounting a positioning pin to prevent the ball-joint rubber buffer 5 from rotating, and the positioning pin hole 16 penetrates into the mounting hole 7.

In this embodiment, a buffer device 17 is further disposed between the supporting seat 8 and the hook body 1, the buffer device 17 includes an elastic rubber pad 18, a fixed block 20 and a sliding support plate 19 capable of sliding up and down along the fixed block, the bottom of the elastic rubber pad 18 is mounted on the supporting seat 8, the other end extends to the lower side of the hook body 1, through the buffering and energy absorption function of the elastic rubber pad 18, when the hook body 1 moves downward during the process of vehicle body coupling or movement, no rigid impact occurs with the supporting seat 8, the fixed block 20 is mounted on the supporting seat 8 and located at both sides of the hook body 1, the sliding support plate 19 is disposed on the elastic rubber pad 18 and both sides thereof are respectively clamped in the sliding groove of the fixed block 20, when the hook body 1 swings left and right, because the downward pressing force of the hook body 1 directly acts on the sliding support plate 19, the force can be uniformly transmitted to the elastic rubber pad 18 through the switching of the sliding, therefore, the stress of the elastic rubber pad 18 is uniform, the buffering and energy absorbing effects are better, and the service life is longer. Meanwhile, a first buffer backing plate 29 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hook body 1 and above the sliding support plate 19, second buffer backing plates 30 used for compressing the hook body 1 are arranged on two sides of the hook body 1, and the second buffer backing plates 30 are fixedly connected to the fixed block 20, so that the problems of abrasion and vibration caused by direct rigid contact of the hook body 1, the fixed block 20 and the sliding support plate 19 made of iron materials are solved.

In this embodiment, the hook body 1 is provided with a left-right swinging cylinder 21 at two sides, the left-right swinging cylinder 21 comprises a first cylinder 22 and a first piston rod 23, the first cylinder 22 is installed on the hook tail seat 3, and the end of the first piston rod 23 is pivoted on the hook body 1. Meanwhile, the hook body 1 further comprises an unhooking crank 24, the hook body 1 is further provided with an unhooking cylinder 25 for driving the unhooking crank 24 to rotate, the unhooking cylinder 25 comprises a second cylinder body 26 and a second piston rod 27, the second cylinder body 26 is pivoted with the hook body 1, and the second piston rod 27 is pivoted with the unhooking crank 24. The automatic butt joint and separation of the hook heads can be realized when different carriages are connected and hung by the vertical adjusting cylinder, the left and right adjusting cylinders and the over-unhooking cylinder 25 driving the unhooking crank 24 and further driving the hook tongue 28 to finish the unhooking of the hook heads connected with each other.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A car coupler is characterized by comprising a coupler body, a bidirectional buffering device and a coupler tail seat, wherein the bidirectional buffering device comprises a U-shaped fork piece, a spherical hinge rubber buffer and a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the coupler tail seat, a mounting hole is formed in the mounting seat, the spherical hinge rubber buffer is arranged in the mounting hole, one end of the U-shaped fork piece is fixedly connected with the coupler body, the other end of the U-shaped fork piece is pivoted with the spherical hinge rubber buffer, a pivoting hole is formed in the center of the spherical hinge rubber buffer, the U-shaped fork piece is pivoted with the spherical hinge rubber buffer through a rotating shaft penetrating through the pivoting hole, the spherical hinge rubber buffer is integrally formed by a spherical shell rubber layer and a spherical shell steel sheet, the spherical shell rubber layer and the spherical shell steel sheet are arranged at intervals, a spherical bulge matched with the spherical hinge rubber buffer is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft, and a limiting step is arranged at the bottom of the mounting hole, one end of the spherical hinge rubber buffer is limited through the limiting step, and the other end of the spherical hinge rubber buffer is limited through a clamping ring arranged in an annular groove in the mounting hole.

2. The coupler according to claim 1, further comprising a support for supporting said coupler body during swinging thereof, said support having one end pivotally connected to said coupler tail stock and the other end extending to a position adjacent to a front end of said coupler body.

3. The coupler of claim 1, wherein the mounting seat is provided with a positioning pin hole for mounting a positioning pin to prevent the ball joint rubber buffer from rotating, and the positioning pin hole penetrates into the mounting hole.

4. The coupler of claim 2, further comprising a cushioning device, wherein the cushioning device includes a resilient rubber pad, the bottom of the resilient rubber pad being mounted to the support base, the other end of the resilient rubber pad extending to the underside of the coupler body.

5. The coupler according to claim 4, wherein the buffering device further comprises a fixed block and sliding support plates capable of sliding up and down along the fixed block, the fixed block is mounted on the supporting seat and located on two sides of the coupler body, the sliding support plates are arranged on the elastic rubber pads, and two sides of the sliding support plates are respectively clamped in sliding grooves of the fixed block.

6. The coupler according to claim 5, wherein a first buffer backing plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the coupler body above the sliding support plate, second buffer backing plates used for pressing the coupler body are arranged on two sides of the coupler body, and the second buffer backing plates are fixedly connected to the fixed block.

7. The coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein left and right swinging cylinders are arranged on two sides of the coupler body, each left and right swinging cylinder comprises a first cylinder body and a first piston rod, the first cylinder body is mounted on the tail seat of the coupler, and the end part of the first piston rod is fixedly connected to the coupler body.

8. The coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the coupler body further comprises an unhooking crank, the coupler body is further provided with an unhooking cylinder for driving the unhooking crank to rotate, the unhooking cylinder comprises a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body is pivoted with the coupler body, and the second piston rod is pivoted with the unhooking crank.