CN109863963A - A kind of dragon fruit cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of dragon fruit cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109863963A CN109863963A CN201910259292.3A CN201910259292A CN109863963A CN 109863963 A CN109863963 A CN 109863963A CN 201910259292 A CN201910259292 A CN 201910259292A CN 109863963 A CN109863963 A CN 109863963A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dragon fruit cultural methods, include the steps that site preparation, built, dragon fruit plant, water and fertilizer management, pruning, artificial pollination and flower and fruit thinning, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, night in winter light filling.The present invention makes full use of land resource, makes dragon fruit oriented growth, is convenient for watering, fertilizing and picking, has regulated and controled fertilizer and water condition and heat-preserving anti-freezing measure.Be that dragon fruit precisely supplements light source at winter and night, improve illumination utilization rate, promote blooming for dragon fruit, extend fruiting period, realize bloom ahead of time, fruiting, maturation, and dragon fruit quality, there has also been larger promotion, yield can increase by 20% or so.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of dragon fruit, belong to agricultural plantation technology field.
Background technique
Dragon fruit is Cactaeous plants, and there is very high economic value in source area in Central America.It collects " fruit ", " flower
Grass ", " vegetables ", " health care ", " medicine " are integrated, referred to as priceless treasure.On the traditional fiesta in Latin America, dragon fruit
It is indispensable one kind " fruit of sacredness ".Dragon fruit is full of nutrition, and function is unique, there is excellent effect to human health.It contains
The general rare vegetable albumin of plant and anthocyanidin, vitamin abundant and water-soluble dietary fiber.
In Guangxi, the main period of growth of the crop of dragon fruit is the 6-11 month, wherein the 7-10 month is fruit period of high birth, and the 12-1 month is mature
The fruit (referred to as winter fruit) of harvesting, because of low output, supply is few, expensive, even if the whole nation is adjusted, winter fruit is also that dragon fruit supplies
Answer notch.How to increase dragon fruit to bloom number, extends florescence, the dragon fruit fruit picking phase is made to extend to the annual 12-2 month, from
And yield and economic benefit are improved, it is current urgent problem.Light be the important environmental factor of dragon fruit growth and development it
One, there is regulating and controlling effect to dragon fruit growth and development, photosynthesis, metabolism etc.；The length of Pitaya Flower fruiting period is bloomed
Lot number number it is related with local weather conditions, it is especially related with light application time length because dragon fruit be the long-day plant
Object, illumination, which must reach certain photoperiod, can just yield positive results；It has been observed that Guangxi entered after the Autumnal Equinox, days are short and nights long, the sunshine-duration
It reduces, although temperature and nutrition etc. are sufficient, illumination is insufficient, and dragon fruit is made to switch to nutrient growth, bud differentiation by reproductive growth
Stop, fruit picking terminates substantially by the end of November every year.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit, this method may advantageously facilitate flue
Fruit good quality and high output, and it is at low cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit, it is characterised in that the method
Include the following steps:
(1) site preparation: selection sand soil starts to do ridge, 1.8 meters -2.2 meters of row spacing, 3-4 meters of line-spacing, ridge is 12-20 centimetres high；
(2) built: row's concrete column is stamped on ready-made ridge face, column is 1.2-1.4 meters high away from 3.5-4.5 meters, in concrete column
Upper horizontal erection cross brace, sets up ring support in cross brace；3-5 ring support is assumed along concrete column；
(3) dragon fruit is transplanted: when plant dragon fruit seedling, selects and be colonized November by the dragon fruit seedling taken root is cultivated, every cement
Under column be colonized 3-5 dragon fruit seedling, dragon fruit seedling is bundled with concrete column with the rope made of hemp, make dragon fruit seedling along concrete column to
Upper growth；Then the straw of 0.8~1.2cm thickness is covered on the face of ridge, root system waters after stablizing after 2-3 days；
(4) water and fertilizer management: dragon fruit is more drought-enduring, is colonized watering in initial stage 2-3 days once, keeps soil moisture later；Field planting
March next year, June and 9Yue Gexianshi compound fertilizer, urea, trace element fertilizer, then increase that farmyard manure is primary, and dose is constant；Flue
In March to December next year after fruit field planting, it is primary to apply liquid manure within every 10 days；After dragon fruit is yielded positive results, apply in year organic fertilizer 3 times,
That is the Hua Qianfei in April, the fruit-promoting fertilizer in August and the more winter top dressing in December；Winter spreads organic fertilizer, and 8~10 kilograms every plant, enhancing is planted
Strain heat-preservation cold-resistance ability；
(5) pruning: branch is climbed to preferably allowing on top ring support it to maintain single branch growth, to be grown to 1.3-1.4
Rice answers pinching when long, promotes branch, selects more sturdy branch around naturally drooping on a toroidal support；To increase and decrease strong result
Branch, annual vegetative growth phase, every visible growth situation stay the new sprouting branch of 1-3 root growth stalwartness；In reproductive growth
Period, for the nutritional need for guaranteeing fruit development, the branch newly sprouted should be dredged all and be gone；
(6) artificial pollination and flower and fruit thinning: after dragon fruit enters fruiting period, in the bud that each fruitful branch is sprouted, selection
Strong big, daylighting it is good stay 3-4 bud, after about 20 days, pay attention to observation petal at dusk, such as opened in the very night in horn-like,
The flowering of dragon fruit only overnight, sunrise i.e. lose, need to the artificial pollination before sunrise, increase fruit-setting rate；After 5 days, award
The successful fruit room of powder starts to expand, and unsuccessful atrophy is dry yellow and slowly falls off, at this time it should be noted that fruit thinning, every is stayed 1-2,
And clean up in time it is dry hang down lose flower, in order to avoid because of moist parasitic pest at the top of fruit；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: in the April to June next year after dragon fruit field planting, a preventing disease and pest medicine is sprayed within every 10-15 days；September
To October, then a preventing disease and pest medicine is sprayed within every 10-15 days, mainly prevents and treats prodenia litura, mould cigarette disease, canker and scab.
(8) night in winter light filling: intermediate in two rows of cement at the beginning of annual 1 month early November to next year, every 3-5m is one vertical
Pillar, pillar are 50-70cm higher than dragon fruit plant top；An iron wire is drawn at the top of pillar, and cable branches are fixed on steel wire
On, a light compensating lamp is hung every 1.2-1.8m on cable branches, light compensating lamp is higher by 30-50cm than dragon fruit plant top；
Lighting time from dusk 18 points 30 30 minutes to 22:, daily light filling 240 minutes, continuous light filling 30-60 days；During light filling,
The new vines of pumping are wiped out, all to reduce the consumption of nutrient.The light compensating lamp is 25-40W incandescent lamp or the LED of 12-15w
Lamp, light wavelength are 570-600nm, and the illumination being radiated on Hylocereus undatus branch need to arrive 150lux up to 120, match outdoor rainproof lamp
Head and match numerical control switch.
The present invention makes full use of land resource, makes dragon fruit oriented growth, is convenient for watering, fertilizing and picking, has regulated and controled rich water
Condition and heat-preserving anti-freezing measure.It is that dragon fruit precisely supplements light source in winter and night, improves illumination utilization rate, promote flue
Blooming for fruit, extends fruiting period, realize bloom ahead of time, fruiting, maturation, and dragon fruit quality is produced there has also been larger promotion
Amount can increase by 20% or so.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by the following examples:
(1) site preparation: selection sand soil starts to do ridge, 1.8 meters -2.2 meters of row spacing, 3-4 meters of line-spacing, ridge is 12-20 centimetres high；
(2) built: row's concrete column is stamped on ready-made ridge face, column is 1.2-1.4 meters high away from 3.5-4.5 meters, in concrete column
Upper horizontal erection cross brace, sets up ring support in cross brace；3-5 ring support is assumed along concrete column；
(3) dragon fruit is transplanted: when plant dragon fruit seedling, selects and be colonized November by the dragon fruit seedling taken root is cultivated, every cement
Under column be colonized 3-5 dragon fruit seedling, dragon fruit seedling is bundled with concrete column with the rope made of hemp, make dragon fruit seedling along concrete column to
Upper growth；Then the straw of 0.8~1.2cm thickness is covered on the face of ridge, root system waters after stablizing after 2-3 days；
(4) water and fertilizer management: dragon fruit is more drought-enduring, is colonized watering in initial stage 2-3 days once, keeps soil moisture later；Field planting
March next year, June and 9Yue Gexianshi compound fertilizer, urea, trace element fertilizer, then increase that farmyard manure is primary, and dose is constant；Flue
In March to December next year after fruit field planting, it is primary to apply liquid manure within every 10 days；After dragon fruit is yielded positive results, apply in year organic fertilizer 3 times,
That is the Hua Qianfei in April, the fruit-promoting fertilizer in August and the more winter top dressing in December；Winter spreads organic fertilizer, and 8~10 kilograms every plant, enhancing is planted
Strain heat-preservation cold-resistance ability；
(5) pruning: branch is climbed to preferably allowing on top ring support it to maintain single branch growth, to be grown to 1.3-1.4
Rice answers pinching when long, promotes branch, selects more sturdy branch around naturally drooping on a toroidal support；To increase and decrease strong result
Branch, annual vegetative growth phase, every visible growth situation stay the new sprouting branch of 1-3 root growth stalwartness；In reproductive growth
Period, for the nutritional need for guaranteeing fruit development, the branch newly sprouted should be dredged all and be gone；
(6) artificial pollination and flower and fruit thinning: after dragon fruit enters fruiting period, in the bud that each fruitful branch is sprouted, selection is strong
Greatly, what daylighting was good stays 3-4 bud, after about 20 days, observation petal is paid attention at dusk, such as in horn-like i.e. open, the fire in the very night
The flowering of imperial fruit only overnight, sunrise i.e. lose, need to the artificial pollination before sunrise, increase fruit-setting rate；After 5 days, pollination
Successful fruit room starts to expand, and unsuccessful atrophy is dry yellow and slowly falls off, at this time it should be noted that fruit thinning, every is stayed 1-2 a, and
Clean up in time it is dry hang down lose flower, in order to avoid because of moist parasitic pest at the top of fruit；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: in the April to June next year after dragon fruit field planting, a preventing disease and pest medicine is sprayed within every 10-15 days；September
To October, then a preventing disease and pest medicine is sprayed within every 10-15 days, mainly prevents and treats prodenia litura, mould cigarette disease, canker and scab.
(8) night in winter light filling: intermediate in two rows of cement at the beginning of annual 1 month early November to next year, every 3-5m is one vertical
Pillar, pillar are 50-70cm higher than dragon fruit plant top；An iron wire is drawn at the top of pillar, and cable branches are fixed on steel wire
On, a light compensating lamp is hung every 1.2-1.8m on cable branches, light compensating lamp is higher by 30-50cm than dragon fruit plant top；
Lighting time from dusk 18 points 30 30 minutes to 22:, daily light filling 240 minutes, continuous light filling 30-60 days；During light filling,
The new vines of pumping are wiped out, all to reduce the consumption of nutrient.The light compensating lamp is 25-40W incandescent lamp or the LED of 12-15w
Lamp, light wavelength are 570-600nm, and the illumination being radiated on Hylocereus undatus branch need to arrive 150lux up to 120, match outdoor rainproof lamp
Head and match numerical control switch.
Claims (1)
1. the present invention provides a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit, it is characterised in that described method includes following steps:
(1) site preparation: selection sand soil starts to do ridge, 1.8 meters -2.2 meters of row spacing, 3-4 meters of line-spacing, ridge is 12-20 centimetres high；
(2) built: row's concrete column is stamped on ready-made ridge face, column is 1.2-1.4 meters high away from 3.5-4.5 meters, on concrete column
Level sets up cross brace, and ring support is set up in cross brace；3-5 ring support is assumed along concrete column；
(3) dragon fruit is transplanted: when plant dragon fruit seedling, selects and be colonized November by the dragon fruit seedling taken root is cultivated, every cement
Under column be colonized 3-5 dragon fruit seedling, dragon fruit seedling is bundled with concrete column with the rope made of hemp, make dragon fruit seedling along concrete column to
Upper growth；Then the straw of 0.8~1.2cm thickness is covered on the face of ridge, root system waters after stablizing after 2-3 days；
(4) water and fertilizer management: dragon fruit is more drought-enduring, is colonized watering in initial stage 2-3 days once, keeps soil moisture later；Field planting
March next year, June and 9Yue Gexianshi compound fertilizer, urea, trace element fertilizer, then increase that farmyard manure is primary, and dose is constant；Flue
In March to December next year after fruit field planting, it is primary to apply liquid manure within every 10 days；After dragon fruit is yielded positive results, apply in year organic fertilizer 3 times,
That is the Hua Qianfei in April, the fruit-promoting fertilizer in August and the more winter top dressing in December；Winter spreads organic fertilizer, and 8~10 kilograms every plant, enhancing is planted
Strain heat-preservation cold-resistance ability；
(5) pruning: branch is climbed to preferably allowing on top ring support it to maintain single branch growth, to be grown to 1.3-1.4
Rice answers pinching when long, promotes branch, selects more sturdy branch around naturally drooping on a toroidal support；To increase and decrease strong result
Branch, annual vegetative growth phase, every visible growth situation stay the new sprouting branch of 1-3 root growth stalwartness；In reproductive stage
Between, for the nutritional need for guaranteeing fruit development, the branch newly sprouted should be dredged all and be gone；
(6) artificial pollination and flower and fruit thinning: after dragon fruit enters fruiting period, in the bud that each fruitful branch is sprouted, selection is strong
Greatly, what daylighting was good stays 3-4 bud, after about 20 days, observation petal is paid attention at dusk, such as in horn-like i.e. open, the fire in the very night
The flowering of imperial fruit only overnight, sunrise i.e. lose, need to the artificial pollination before sunrise, increase fruit-setting rate；After 5 days, pollination
Successful fruit room starts to expand, and unsuccessful atrophy is dry yellow and slowly falls off, at this time it should be noted that fruit thinning, every is stayed 1-2 a, and and
When clean up it is dry hang down lose flower, in order to avoid because of moist parasitic pest at the top of fruit；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: in the April to June next year after dragon fruit field planting, a preventing disease and pest medicine is sprayed within every 10-15 days；September
To October, then a preventing disease and pest medicine is sprayed within every 10-15 days, mainly prevents and treats prodenia litura, mould cigarette disease, canker and scab；
(8) night in winter light filling: intermediate in two rows of cement at the beginning of annual 1 month early November to next year, every 3-5m founds a column
Son, pillar are 50-70cm higher than dragon fruit plant top；An iron wire is drawn at the top of pillar, and cable branches are fixed on steel wire,
A light compensating lamp is hung every 1.2-1.8m on cable branches, light compensating lamp is higher by 30-50cm than dragon fruit plant top；Light filling
Time from dusk 18 points 30 30 minutes to 22:, daily light filling 240 minutes, continuous light filling 30-60 days；During light filling, all
The new vines of pumping are wiped out, to reduce the consumption of nutrient；The light compensating lamp is 25-40W incandescent lamp or the LED light of 12-15w, lamp
The a length of 570-600nm of light wave, be radiated at illumination on Hylocereus undatus branch need to up to 120 to 150lux, with outdoor rainproof lamp cap and
With numerical control switch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910259292.3A CN109863963A (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | A kind of dragon fruit cultural method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110506582A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-29 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of method that dragon fruit term is adjusted |
| CN111492909A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-07 | 海口绿之海生态农业科技有限公司 | Ecological low-cost planting method for pitaya |
| CN111869519A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-03 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Pitaya planting and chemical flower forcing method |
| CN112715291A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-04-30 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Anti-season high-efficiency high-yield cultivation method for red-meat pitaya |
| CN112913588A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-08 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Cultivation method for interplanting dragon fruit with leguminous forage and gramineous forage |
| CN113287508A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-24 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Dragon fruit frame type device suitable for reclamation land and soilless culture method |
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| CN203896879U (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-29 | 贵州省果树科学研究所 | Single-column type waste-tire cultivation frame for dragon fruits |
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| CN108293389A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-07-20 | 广西农业职业技术学院 | A method of promoting dragon fruit Winter blooming |
| CN109105177A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-01-01 | 广西铭和农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of bilayer dragon fruit implantation methods |
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| JP2004298145A (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-10-28 | Yoshihide Hirashiki | Plant support pipe |
| CN102948305A (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-03-06 | 上海博翼有机农业技术发展有限公司 | Greenhouse cultivation method and greenhouse structure for promoting high quality and high yield of dragon fruit |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110506582A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-29 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of method that dragon fruit term is adjusted |
| CN111492909A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-07 | 海口绿之海生态农业科技有限公司 | Ecological low-cost planting method for pitaya |
| CN111492909B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-04-26 | 海口绿之海生态农业科技有限公司 | Ecological low-cost planting method for pitaya |
| CN111869519A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-03 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） | Pitaya planting and chemical flower forcing method |
| CN112715291A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-04-30 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Anti-season high-efficiency high-yield cultivation method for red-meat pitaya |
| CN112913588A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-08 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | Cultivation method for interplanting dragon fruit with leguminous forage and gramineous forage |
| CN113287508A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-24 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Dragon fruit frame type device suitable for reclamation land and soilless culture method |
| CN113287508B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2023-09-19 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Pitaya frame type device suitable for reclamation land and soilless culture method |
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Application publication date: 20190611 |