CN109845600A - A kind of standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi - Google Patents

A kind of standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi Download PDF

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CN109845600A
CN109845600A CN201910071115.2A CN201910071115A CN109845600A CN 109845600 A CN109845600 A CN 109845600A CN 201910071115 A CN201910071115 A CN 201910071115A CN 109845600 A CN109845600 A CN 109845600A
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seedbed
seed
jobi
sowing
seedling
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朱加保
路献勇
江本利
於春
王红娟
胡积送
储甲松
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Cotton Research Institute Anhui Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
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Cotton Research Institute Anhui Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of standardization dry rice seedling methods of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi, including the suitable plot of selection to do seedbed, and selects the waterlogging coix lacryma-jobi kind of High quality and diseases resistance;Seed bed preparation and seed treatment;Sow epiphragma;Reinforce nursery bed temperature, moisture, fertilizer and disease pest and weed management.The coix lacryma-jobi miaoye area that this method is cultivated is appropriate, and Miao Ting leaf is green, and growing way is consistent, and no disease and pests harm can be improved transplanting survival rate, while this method is easily operated, has stronger popularization and application value.

Description

A kind of standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field more particularly to a kind of standardization dry rice seedling methods of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi.
Background technique
Coix lacryma-jobi is commonly called as the seed of jog's tears, semen coicis, jobstears, is that grass family is annual or herbaceos perennial.It has heat-clearing, Diuresis, dampness elimination, apocenosis, strengthening the spleen and stomach, strengthening the bones and muscles, alleviate spasm, reduce blood pressure and other effects tonifying lung.Research in recent years learns, coix lacryma-jobi seed Coixenolide, the coixol contained in fact has preferable killing effect to a variety of cancer cells.Therefore, taste of the coix lacryma-jobi as dual-purpose of drug and food Tonic, widely used, the huge market demand, development prospect are wide.
Coix lacryma-jobi property likes warm and moist weather, waterlogging, not drought-resistant, not tight to soil requirement, in addition to crossing heavy soil, generally Soil can plant, and avoid continuous cropping.And coix lacryma-jobi farmer uses traditional cultivation method mostly at present, due to lacking profession plantation skill Art mostly carries out extensive Cultivate administration by experience, causes the residual content of its heavy metal, agriculture higher, and quality of medicinal material is irregular, It is unable to satisfy consumer demand on quality and quantity, therefore how to improve the yield of coix lacryma-jobi, meets the growing need in market It asks, promotes increasing peasant income, be problem to be solved at this stage.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to remedy the disadvantages of known techniques, provides a kind of standardization dry rice seedling side of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi Method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Seedbed is done in a kind of standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi, including the suitable plot of selection, and selects the high-quality resistance to sick heart of a lotus seed Job's tears kind, seedbed preparation and seed treatment, reinforce nursery bed temperature, moisture, fertilizer and disease pest and weed management at sowing epiphragma.
Seedbed is done in the suitable plot of the selection, and selects high-quality resistance to sick coix lacryma-jobi kind specific step is as follows: seedbed choosing Select it is leeward on the sunny side, drain unobstructed, fertile soil, fine texture, deep loose ventilative sandy loam or loam do seedbed, and select It is suitble to the resistance to sick coix lacryma-jobi new varieties of the high yield and high quality of local plantation.
Specific step is as follows for the seedbed preparation and seed treatment:
Seedbed preparation:
(1) seedbed and area of field are generally 1:20, the non-irrigated seedling ground generally wide 1m in seedbed, furrow width or walk road width 0.4m, per acre crop field Need net seedbed 30m2, i.e. the seedbed of 30m long can plant one mu of crop field;
(2) apply fertilizer desinsection, and 7-10 days before sowing, every square metre of seedbed applies 4-6 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure, and calcium superphosphate 0.2 is public Jin, 0.02 kilogram of potassium chloride, 3% 0.02 kilogram of phoxim granule, by plough-apply fertilizer-program of hack carries out, turn over hoe 3-4 Secondary, depth 15-20cm mixes well the surface soil of apply fertilizer material and medicament and 15-20cm;
(3) strengthen seedling agent disinfection: sufficiently being puddled uniformly with 1 kilogram of strong seedling agent and 15-20 kilograms of fine earth, heap it is bored for 24 hours after, be sprinkling upon 30m2 Seedbed on, the soil layer of 3-5cm is entered with the uniform target of target, is then sprinkled profoundly water, such as seedbed out-of-flatness, can gently be flattened with plank, Wait sow;
Seed treatment:
(1) bask seeds: selection fine day shines 3-5 days, utilizes solar ultraviolet disinfection and deinsectization;
(2) choose seeds: selecting selection by winnowing, the mode of wet concentration by immature seed, empty, empty grain and the removal of pest and disease damage grain, retain grain it is big, Full seed is stand-by;
(3) sterilize: a. is dressed seed using the seed coat agent containing Tebuconazole;B. hot water treatment of seeds: it is small that seed is first put into leaching 18 in clear water When, it then moves on in the warm water for be dipped in 45-50 DEG C and preheats 5 minutes, then change in the lukewarm water for be dipped in 55-60 DEG C 10 minutes, then put Enter in cold water and soak seed, until requirement until reaching germination;
(4) fungicide seed treatment: it is total that seed is pressed with the carbendazol wettable powder of seed weight 0.5% or with 50% thiophanate methyl The 0.4%-0.5% of amount dresses seed.
Specific step is as follows for the sowing epiphragma: bottom water is irrigated, after flattening bed surface, according to sowing-pressing-earthing- Eliminate-the sowing program of epiphragma carries out, the Ching Ming Festival general before on seedbed sowing need epiphragma, it is clear and bright after sowing can select Select not epiphragma;Application rate sows coix seed by the amount of every square metre of 25-30g, and tree transplanted density is preferably dilute, seedling Transplanting Density It is preferably close;" non-irrigated seedling is net " herbicides special prevention and treatment weed in seedbed is sprayed after sowing blinding;Epiphragma adds depressed arch frame lid using tiling film The method of film.
The seeding method is that bed soil is irrigated before sowing, and to be seeded into compartment, uniform broadcasting, then light suppression, makes seed three Face is buried, and covers the fine earth of 0.5-1cm thickness above, and uniformly, seed cannot expose outside soil for covering, can not blinding it is too thick.
The tiling film refers to after planting, and film is covered on seedbed, and then membrane pressure is tight compact with soil;The depressed arch Frame epiphragma refers to the arch that high 25-30cm is erected with bamboo pole, then covers film, and membrane pressure is tight compact by surrounding with soil.
Specific step is as follows for the reinforcement nursery bed temperature, moisture, fertilizer and disease pest and weed management:
The temperature management in seedbed: heat and moisture preserving is answered when sowing to the 2 leaf phase, the neat seedling of stratification does not take off film generally, do not water;2 to When 4 leaf phase, after temperature is stablized at 15 DEG C, the ventilation of outer membrane both ends is opened, cross-ventilation window and fixation are opened on two sides, wait apply Throw off the film of tiling after fertile moisturizing, outer membrane will before transplanting half a month take off, keep temperature in the shed at 25 DEG C or so;
The water management in seedbed: when sowing to the 2 leaf phase, based on moisturizing, film is not taken off generally, is not watered;When 2 to 4 leaf phase, in conjunction with Bed soil moisture is supplied in top dressing;Water management of the film to before transplanting is taken off, generally rice shoot blade is occurring sooner or later without droplet or morning and evening bed When native drying or noon blade clot, selection dusk or early morning moisturizing supply bed soil moisture in 3-5 days before transplanting;If meeting low temperature, big Want timely epiphragma seedling-protection in wind and rain day;
The fertilizer management in seedbed: as dry rice seedling is previous in 4 leaves need not top dressing, every square metre of urea can be added with cleaning up excrement water after 4 leaf phases 0.05 kilogram mentions seedling, and transplanting applies " send and transfer fertilizer " in first 10 days;
The disease pest and weed in seedbed is prevented and treated: dry rice seedling seedling stage with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 50g is watered 50kg, and to prevent and treat leaf by spraying withered Disease;Weed in seedbed carries out tillage and weeding 1-2 times when can pass through top dressing.
The invention has the advantages that
The present invention is directed to the dry rice seedling of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi, provide a kind of science, optimization, the implantation methods of standard, with convenient The large-scale planting for planting casual household or factory uses, and solves tradition plantation mostly by extensive management and needle caused by experience To the insufficient defect of property, the coix lacryma-jobi miaoye area that this method is cultivated is appropriate, and Miao Ting leaf is green, and growing way is consistent, no disease and pests harm, can Transplanting survival rate is improved, while this method is easily operated, there is stronger popularization and application value.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific example, technical scheme is described further:
Seedbed is done in a kind of standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi, including the suitable plot of selection, and selects the high-quality resistance to sick heart of a lotus seed Job's tears kind, seedbed preparation and seed treatment, reinforce nursery bed temperature, moisture, fertilizer and disease pest and weed management at sowing epiphragma.
Seedbed is done in the suitable plot of the selection, and selects high-quality resistance to sick coix lacryma-jobi kind specific step is as follows: seedbed choosing Select it is leeward on the sunny side, drain unobstructed, fertile soil, fine texture, deep loose ventilative sandy loam or loam do seedbed, and select It is suitble to the resistance to sick coix lacryma-jobi new varieties of the high yield and high quality of local plantation.
Specific step is as follows for the seedbed preparation and seed treatment:
Seedbed preparation:
(1) seedbed and area of field are 1:20, the non-irrigated seedling ground wide 1m in seedbed, furrow width or walk road width 0.4m, per acre the seedbed crop field Xu Jing 30m2, i.e. the seedbed of 30m long can plant one mu of crop field;
(2) apply fertilizer desinsection, sows first 8 days, every square metre of 5 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure of seedbed application, 0.2 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, chlorine Change 0.02 kilogram of potassium, 3% 0.02 kilogram of phoxim granule, by plough-apply fertilizer-program of hack carries out, turn over hoe 4 times, depth 20cm mixes well the surface soil of apply fertilizer material and medicament and 20cm;
(3) strengthen seedling agent disinfection: sufficiently being puddled uniformly with 1 kilogram of strong seedling agent and 20 kilograms of fine earths, heap it is bored for 24 hours after, be sprinkling upon 30m2's On seedbed, the soil layer of 4cm is entered with the uniform target of target, is then sprinkled profoundly water, such as seedbed out-of-flatness, can gently flattened with plank, wait broadcast Kind;
Seed treatment:
(1) bask seeds: selection fine day shines 4 days, utilizes solar ultraviolet disinfection and deinsectization;
(2) choose seeds: selecting selection by winnowing, the mode of wet concentration by immature seed, empty, empty grain and the removal of pest and disease damage grain, retain grain it is big, Full seed is stand-by;
(3) sterilize: a. is dressed seed using the seed coat agent containing Tebuconazole;B. hot water treatment of seeds: it is small that seed is first put into leaching 18 in clear water When, it then moves on in the warm water for be dipped in 50 DEG C and preheats 5 minutes, then change in the lukewarm water for be dipped in 60 DEG C 10 minutes, be then put into cold water Middle seed soaking, until requirement until reaching germination;
(4) fungicide seed treatment: it is total that seed is pressed with the carbendazol wettable powder of seed weight 0.5% or with 50% thiophanate methyl The 0.5% of amount is dressed seed.
Specific step is as follows for the sowing epiphragma: bottom water is irrigated, after flattening bed surface, according to sowing-pressing-earthing- Eliminate-the sowing program of epiphragma carries out, the Ching Ming Festival general before on seedbed sowing need epiphragma, it is clear and bright after sowing can select Select not epiphragma;Application rate sows coix seed by the amount of every square metre of 30g, and tree transplanted density is preferably dilute, and seedling Transplanting Density is suitable It is close;" non-irrigated seedling is net " herbicides special prevention and treatment weed in seedbed is sprayed after sowing blinding;Epiphragma adds depressed arch frame epiphragma using tiling film Method.
The seeding method is that bed soil is irrigated before sowing, and to be seeded into compartment, uniform broadcasting, then light suppression, makes seed three Face is buried, and covers the fine earth of 0.8cm thickness above, and uniformly, seed cannot expose outside soil for covering, can not blinding it is too thick.
The tiling film refers to after planting, and film is covered on seedbed, and then membrane pressure is tight compact with soil;The depressed arch Frame epiphragma refers to the arch that high 30cm is erected with bamboo pole, then covers film, and membrane pressure is tight compact by surrounding with soil.
Specific step is as follows for the reinforcement nursery bed temperature, moisture, fertilizer and disease pest and weed management:
The temperature management in seedbed: heat and moisture preserving is answered when sowing to the 2 leaf phase, the neat seedling of stratification does not take off film, do not water;2 to 4 leaves When the phase, after temperature is stablized at 15 DEG C, the ventilation of outer membrane both ends is opened, cross-ventilation window and fixation are opened on two sides, wait apply fertilizer Throw off the film of tiling after moisturizing, outer membrane will before transplanting half a month take off, keep temperature in the shed at 25 DEG C or so;
The water management in seedbed: when sowing to the 2 leaf phase, based on moisturizing, film is not taken off, is not watered;When 2 to 4 leaf phase, in conjunction with top dressing Supply bed soil moisture;Take off water management of the film to before transplanting, occur rice shoot blade sooner or later without droplet or morning and evening bed soil it is dry or When noon blade clot, selection is at dusk or early morning moisturizing, transplanting supply bed soil moisture in first 4 days;If meet low temperature, strong wind rainy day want and When epiphragma seedling-protection;
The fertilizer management in seedbed: dry rice seedling not top dressing before 4 leaves adds 0.05 kilogram of every square metre of urea with cleaning up excrement water after 4 leaf phases Seedling is mentioned, transplanting applies " send and transfer fertilizer " in first 10 days;
The disease pest and weed in seedbed is prevented and treated: dry rice seedling seedling stage with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 50g is watered 50kg, and to prevent and treat leaf by spraying withered Disease;Weed in seedbed carries out tillage and weeding 2 times when passing through top dressing.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi, which is characterized in that including selecting suitable plot to do seedbed, and select With high-quality resistance to sick coix lacryma-jobi kind, seedbed preparation and seed treatment, sowing epiphragma, reinforce nursery bed temperature, moisture, fertilizer and Pest organism Evil management.
2. the standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the selection is suitable Seedbed is done in plot, and selects high-quality resistance to sick coix lacryma-jobi kind specific step is as follows: seedbed selection is leeward on the sunny side, it is unobstructed, native to drain Earth is fertile, fine texture, deep loose ventilative sandy loam or loam do seedbed, and select the high yield and high quality for being suitble to local plantation Resistance to disease coix lacryma-jobi new varieties.
3. the standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seedbed preparation and Specific step is as follows for seed treatment:
Seedbed preparation:
(1) seedbed and area of field are generally 1:20, the non-irrigated seedling ground generally wide 1m in seedbed, furrow width or walk road width 0.4m, per acre crop field Need net seedbed 30m2, i.e. the seedbed of 30m long can plant one mu of crop field;
(2) apply fertilizer desinsection, and 7-10 days before sowing, every square metre of seedbed applies 4-6 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure, and calcium superphosphate 0.2 is public Jin, 0.02 kilogram of potassium chloride, 3% 0.02 kilogram of phoxim granule, by plough-apply fertilizer-program of hack carries out, turn over hoe 3-4 Secondary, depth 15-20cm mixes well the surface soil of apply fertilizer material and medicament and 15-20cm;
(3) strengthen seedling agent disinfection: sufficiently being puddled uniformly with 1 kilogram of strong seedling agent and 15-20 kilograms of fine earth, heap it is bored for 24 hours after, be sprinkling upon 30m2 Seedbed on, the soil layer of 3-5cm is entered with the uniform target of target, is then sprinkled profoundly water, such as seedbed out-of-flatness, can gently be flattened with plank, Wait sow;
Seed treatment:
(1) bask seeds: selection fine day shines 3-5 days, utilizes solar ultraviolet disinfection and deinsectization;
(2) choose seeds: selecting selection by winnowing, the mode of wet concentration by immature seed, empty, empty grain and the removal of pest and disease damage grain, retain grain it is big, Full seed is stand-by;
(3) sterilize: a. is dressed seed using the seed coat agent containing Tebuconazole;B. hot water treatment of seeds: it is small that seed is first put into leaching 18 in clear water When, it then moves on in the warm water for be dipped in 45-50 DEG C and preheats 5 minutes, then change in the lukewarm water for be dipped in 55-60 DEG C 10 minutes, then put Enter in cold water and soak seed, until requirement until reaching germination;
(4) fungicide seed treatment: it is total that seed is pressed with the carbendazol wettable powder of seed weight 0.5% or with 50% thiophanate methyl The 0.4%-0.5% of amount dresses seed.
4. the standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sowing epiphragma Specific step is as follows: irrigate bottom water, after flattening bed surface, eliminate according to sowing-pressing-earthing-- the sowing program of epiphragma into Row, sowing needs epiphragma on seedbed in the past the Ching Ming Festival general, and clear and bright sowing later can choose not epiphragma;Application rate is by often putting down The amount of square rice 25-30g sows coix seed, and tree transplanted density is preferably dilute, and seedling Transplanting Density is preferably close;It is sprayed after sowing blinding " non-irrigated seedling is net " herbicides special prevents and treats weed in seedbed;Epiphragma adds the method for depressed arch frame epiphragma using tiling film.
5. the standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the seeding method is Bed soil is irrigated before sowing, to be seeded into compartment, uniform broadcasting, then light suppression, makes three face of seed bury, cover 0.5-1cm above Thick fine earth, uniformly, seed cannot expose outside soil for covering, can not blinding it is too thick.
6. the standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the tiling film is Refer to after planting, film is covered on seedbed, then membrane pressure is tight compact with soil;The depressed arch frame epiphragma, which refers to, erects height with bamboo pole The arch of 25-30cm, then covers film, and membrane pressure is tight compact by surrounding with soil.
7. the standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi according to claim 1, which is characterized in that reinforcement seedbed temperature Specific step is as follows for degree, moisture, fertilizer and disease pest and weed management:
The temperature management in seedbed: heat and moisture preserving is answered when sowing to the 2 leaf phase, the neat seedling of stratification does not take off film generally, do not water;2 to When 4 leaf phase, after temperature is stablized at 15 DEG C, the ventilation of outer membrane both ends is opened, cross-ventilation window and fixation are opened on two sides, wait apply Throw off the film of tiling after fertile moisturizing, outer membrane will before transplanting half a month take off, keep temperature in the shed at 25 DEG C or so;
The water management in seedbed: when sowing to the 2 leaf phase, based on moisturizing, film is not taken off generally, is not watered;When 2 to 4 leaf phase, in conjunction with Bed soil moisture is supplied in top dressing;Water management of the film to before transplanting is taken off, generally rice shoot blade is occurring sooner or later without droplet or morning and evening bed When native drying or noon blade clot, selection dusk or early morning moisturizing supply bed soil moisture in 3-5 days before transplanting;If meeting low temperature, big Want timely epiphragma seedling-protection in wind and rain day;
The fertilizer management in seedbed: as dry rice seedling is previous in 4 leaves need not top dressing, every square metre of urea can be added with cleaning up excrement water after 4 leaf phases 0.05 kilogram mentions seedling, and transplanting applies " send and transfer fertilizer " in first 10 days;
The disease pest and weed in seedbed is prevented and treated: dry rice seedling seedling stage with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 50g is watered 50kg, and to prevent and treat leaf by spraying withered Disease;Weed in seedbed carries out tillage and weeding 1-2 times when can pass through top dressing.
CN201910071115.2A 2019-01-25 2019-01-25 A kind of standardization dry rice seedling method of high mountain coix lacryma-jobi Pending CN109845600A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103039313A (en) * 2012-12-22 2013-04-17 苍溪县农业技术推广站 Pollution-free high-yield rice cultivating method
CN105393746A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-03-16 贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院 Coix lacryma intensive seedling growing method
CN105766507A (en) * 2016-03-28 2016-07-20 江苏农林职业技术学院 Fertile-seedbed dry-seedling-raising method for rice
CN105981621A (en) * 2015-05-19 2016-10-05 韦军龙 Early-rice dry seedling raising method
CN109169062A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-01-11 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 A kind of aquatic cultural method of coix lacryma-jobi

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103039313A (en) * 2012-12-22 2013-04-17 苍溪县农业技术推广站 Pollution-free high-yield rice cultivating method
CN105981621A (en) * 2015-05-19 2016-10-05 韦军龙 Early-rice dry seedling raising method
CN105393746A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-03-16 贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院 Coix lacryma intensive seedling growing method
CN105766507A (en) * 2016-03-28 2016-07-20 江苏农林职业技术学院 Fertile-seedbed dry-seedling-raising method for rice
CN109169062A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-01-11 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 A kind of aquatic cultural method of coix lacryma-jobi

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