CN109802293B - Laser external indicating light safe leading-in system and method - Google Patents
Laser external indicating light safe leading-in system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109802293B CN109802293B CN201910185214.3A CN201910185214A CN109802293B CN 109802293 B CN109802293 B CN 109802293B CN 201910185214 A CN201910185214 A CN 201910185214A CN 109802293 B CN109802293 B CN 109802293B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a safe leading-in system and a safe leading-in method of external indicating light of a laser. The system comprises an indicating light source, a first reflector, a lens group, a second reflector, a light path switching component and a light path switching alarm; the indicating light emitted by the indicating light source sequentially passes through the first reflector, the lens group and the second reflector; the indicating light reflected by the second reflector is coaxial with the main laser of the laser and has the same divergence angle; the second reflector can cut in or cut out the main laser light path under the action of the light path switching component; the light path switching alarm is arranged in the light path of the indicating light reflected by the first reflecting mirror and is positioned behind the second reflecting mirror. The indicating light is introduced into the main laser light path through the lens group and the total reflection mirror, and the indicating light switching alarm is configured, so that the output power of the indicating light is adjustable, the indicating light is coaxial with the main laser and has the same divergence angle, the positioning effect of the indicating light is improved, the maintenance difficulty and cost are reduced, and the potential safety hazard caused by system faults is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser safety protection, and relates to a safety introducing system and method of external indicating light of a laser.
Background
Laser is widely applied in industrial processing and high and new technology fields due to the advantages of high directionality, high brightness and the like, but the thermal effect, biological hazard, secondary radiation hazard and the like of the laser are not ignored. The international electrotechnical commission (iec 60825-1) divides lasers into several safety classes according to laser wavelength, output power/energy, pulse width, etc. to distinguish their degree of harm and matters that users need to pay attention to.
The direct harm of laser to human body and working environment mainly includes direct light, reflected light, diffuse light and the like, and the function of indicating light is especially important for invisible laser, especially invisible laser with medium and high power.
It is common practice during laser development to integrate within the laser a visible band indicating (or beacon, collimated) light source that is output coaxially with the primary laser. The indicating light is generally coupled to a main laser light path in a beam combination mode, is limited by the internal space of a laser and the like, the output power of an indicating light source is not too high generally, and the visible effect of the indicating light is poor after the indicating light is reflected and transmitted by a large number of optical elements when the indicating light encounters a complex light path, so that the indicating light is not beneficial to auxiliary positioning and safety protection. In addition, because the laser packaging integration level is high, after the indicating light source breaks down, the indicating light source needs to be returned to a factory for maintenance, and the maintenance difficulty and cost are increased.
The existing external indicating light source is mainly introduced in a beam combination mode, a beam combination mirror or a coupler is positioned in a main laser light path, requirements are provided for the wavelength transmission/reflection characteristics, the laser damage resistance and the like of a beam combination device, and the external indicating light source is not beneficial to the safe implementation of laser experiments, particularly strong laser experiments to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the invention provides a system and a method for safely introducing external indicating light of a laser.
The basic design idea of the invention is as follows:
the indicating light source is a continuous wave laser with a visible light wave band and adjustable power; the indicating light sequentially passes through the first reflector, the lens group and the second reflector to coincide with main laser of the laser, the indicating light and the main laser are coaxial by adjusting the first reflector and the second reflector, and the indicating light and the main laser have the same divergence angle by adjusting the lens group. The second reflector is arranged on the light path switching component, so that the switching operation of the main laser and the indicating light paths can be conveniently carried out, and the resetting precision is high; after switching, the second reflector and the lens bracket do not shield the main laser, and the indicating light is incident on the photosensitive surface of the light path switching alarm detector. An operator can judge the switching condition of the indicating light and the main laser light path according to the state of the indicator light of the alarm, the misoperation caused by the fault of the indicating light introducing system is eliminated, and the safety is improved.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
an external indicating light safe leading-in system of a laser comprises an indicating light source, a first reflector, a lens group, a second reflector, a light path switching component and a light path switching alarm;
the indicating light emitted by the indicating light source sequentially passes through the first reflector, the lens group and the second reflector, and the indicating light reflected by the second reflector is coaxial with the main laser of the laser and has the same divergence angle;
the second reflector is arranged on the optical path switching component and can cut in or out the main laser optical path under the action of the optical path switching component;
the light path switching alarm is arranged in the light path of the indicating light reflected by the first reflecting mirror and is positioned behind the second reflecting mirror.
Furthermore, the indicating light source adopts a continuous wave laser with a visible light wave band and adjustable power.
Further, the optical path switching component is a one-dimensional electric control displacement table or an optical path switcher.
Further, the optical path switching alarm comprises an optical filter, a light detector, a comparator, a relay, an alarm lamp and a power supply;
the optical filter is arranged in front of the optical detector and is used for filtering other incident light except the indicating light;
the power supply is respectively connected with the relay and the warning lamp;
after receiving the indicating light, the light detector outputs a voltage signal to the comparator, the comparator outputs TT L level to the relay, and the warning lamp is lightened by triggering the relay.
Based on the external indicating light safe introduction system of the laser, a method for indicating light safe introduction by adopting the system is described, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) co-optic axis adjustment
1.1) respectively placing an adjustable diaphragm in the near field and the far field of a main laser light path emitted by a laser, and adjusting the position and the diameter of the adjustable diaphragm to enable the main laser light path of the laser to simultaneously pass through the centers of the two adjustable diaphragms;
1.2) sequentially placing an indicating light source, a first reflector and a second reflector;
1.3) starting an indicating light source, and enabling the indicating light to simultaneously pass through the centers of two adjustable diaphragms by adjusting the positions of a first reflecting mirror and a second reflecting mirror so as to enable the indicating light to be coaxial with the main laser;
2) same divergence angle adjustment
2.1) a beam splitter (10) is arranged on the light path of the indicating light reflected by the second reflector, a third reflector, a fourth reflector and a fifth reflector are arranged on the transmission light path of the beam splitter, and a diffuse reflection screen is arranged on the reflection light path of the beam splitter; the reflected light of the fifth reflector and the reflected light path of the beam splitter are parallel to each other;
2.2) the reflected light of the beam splitter is incident to the diffuse reflection screen A, and the transmitted light is reflected by the third reflector, the fourth reflector and the fifth reflector and then is incident to the diffuse reflection screen B;
2.3) simultaneously measuring a near-field light spot at the position A and a far-field light spot at the position B by using an infrared camera, and calculating by combining the optical path difference at the two positions A, B to obtain a light beam divergence angle;
2.4) estimating parameters of the lens group and the relative position thereof through the divergence angle of the light beam, and introducing the lens group into the indicating light path;
2.5) changing the divergence angle of the indicating light by adjusting the distance between the lenses in the lens group to be the same as the main laser divergence angle of the laser;
3) system check
3.1) placing a light path switching alarm;
3.2) the second reflector is cut out by using the light path switching component, and the indicating light emitted by the indicating light source passes through the first reflector and the lens group and then is received by the light path switching alarm;
3.3) the light detector in the light path switching alarm outputs a voltage signal to the comparator, if the output voltage signal exceeds the set value of the comparator, TT L level is output, the relay switch is triggered to be turned on, the alarm lamp is lightened, the system is normal, and the step 4) can be executed;
if the output voltage signal does not exceed the set value of the comparator, the output of the comparator is zero, a relay switch is not triggered, and an alarm lamp does not respond, the system is considered to have a possible problem, and the system needs to be checked; 4) switching the light path switching component into the light path switching component again, and simultaneously turning on the indicating light source,
the introduction of the indication light is realized. The invention has the advantages that:
1. under the condition of not influencing the transmission of the main laser of the laser, the external indicating light and the main laser can be coaxially introduced at the same divergence angle, the system is simple, the brightness is adjustable, the positioning effect is improved, and the maintenance difficulty and the maintenance cost are reduced.
2. The light path switching alarm is added in the introduction process, the whole introduction process of the indicating light is detected, and potential safety hazards caused by the introduction of the indicating light can be eliminated.
3. The invention provides a method for adjusting the coaxiality and the same divergence angle of the indicating light, which can be expanded to other light paths needing to adjust the coaxiality and the same divergence angle, and has the advantages of simple and easy method and strong universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout of the induction system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path layout during coaxial adjustment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path layout during the same divergence angle adjustment;
fig. 4 is a working schematic diagram of the optical switching alarm.
The reference signs are:
1-laser, 2-indicating light source, 3-first reflector, 4-lens group, 5-second reflector, 6-optical path switching component, 7-optical path switching alarm, 8-near field adjustable diaphragm, 9-far field adjustable diaphragm, 10-beam splitter, 11-diffuse reflection screen, 12-third reflector, 13-fourth reflector, 14-fifth reflector, 15-infrared camera, 16-optical filter, 17-optical detector, 18-comparator, 19-relay, 20-alarm lamp and 21-power supply.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to overcome the defects of the existing indicating light introducing mode, the invention provides an external indicating light safe introducing system of a laser, which comprises the following components:
referring to fig. 1, the system includes an indicating light source 2, a first reflecting mirror 3, a lens group 4, a second reflecting mirror 5, an optical path switching component 6, and an optical path switching alarm 7;
the indicating light emitted by the indicating light source 2 sequentially passes through the first reflector 3, the lens group 4 and the second reflector 5; the indicating light reflected by the second reflecting mirror 5 is superposed with the main laser emitted by the laser 1, and the optical axis and the divergence angle of the indicating light and the main laser are the same;
the second reflector 5 is installed on the optical path switching component 6, and the second reflector 5 can cut in or out the main laser optical path emitted by the laser 1 under the action of the optical path switching component 6;
the optical path switching alarm 7 is disposed in the optical path of the pilot light reflected by the first reflecting mirror 3, and behind the second reflecting mirror 5.
It should be noted that: the indicating light source 1 used in this example is a continuous wave laser with a visible light band and adjustable power. The optical path switching assembly 6 may be a one-dimensional electrically controlled displacement stage or optical path switcher or other device capable of supporting and moving the second mirror.
Referring to fig. 4, the optical path switching alarm 7 includes an optical filter 16, a light detector 17, a comparator 18, a relay 19, an alarm lamp 20 and a power supply 21, the optical filter 16 is installed in front of the light detector 17 and used for filtering incident light except for the indicating light, the power supply 21 is respectively connected with the relay 19 and the alarm lamp 20, the light detector 17 receives the indicating light and outputs a voltage signal to the comparator 18 through the light detector 17, the comparator 18 outputs a TT L level to the relay 19, the relay 19 is triggered to light the alarm lamp 20, so as to prompt that the system has no fault and perform normal operation.
Based on the description of the above system, a method for introducing the indicating light by using the system is described, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the core of the introduction method is adjustment of the indicating light and the main laser to be coaxial and have the same divergence angle, and in order to realize the coaxial and the same divergence angle of the indicating light and the main laser, the optical axis and the divergence angle of the indicating light must be adjusted through the processes shown in fig. 2 and 3;
referring to fig. 2, step 1) indicates light co-optic axis adjustment.
First, the main laser optical axis is determined:
a near-field adjustable diaphragm 8 and a far-field adjustable diaphragm 9 are respectively arranged in the near field and the far field of a main laser light path of the laser 1, and the positions and the diameters of the two adjustable diaphragms are adjusted, so that main laser of the laser 1 simultaneously passes through the centers of the two adjustable diaphragms;
then, the indicating light source 2, the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 5 are sequentially placed, and the second reflector 5 is arranged on the light path switching component 6;
and starting an indicating light source, and enabling the indicating light to simultaneously pass through the centers of the two adjustable diaphragms by adjusting the positions of the first reflecting mirror 3 and the second reflecting mirror 5, wherein the diameters of the adjustable diaphragms can be changed if necessary, and at the moment, the indicating light is coaxial with the main laser.
Referring to fig. 3, step 2) adjusts the divergence angle:
in fig. 3, after the starting position of the light beam is the second reflecting mirror 5, a beam splitter 10 is disposed on the path of the indicating light reflected by the second reflecting mirror 5, a third reflecting mirror 12, a fourth reflecting mirror 13 and a fifth reflecting mirror 14 are disposed on the transmission path of the beam splitter 10, and a diffuse reflection screen 11 is disposed on the reflection path of the beam splitter 10; the reflected light of the fifth reflector 14 and the reflected light path of the beam splitter 10 are parallel to each other, and the reflected light of the beam splitter 10 and the reflected light of the fifth reflector 15 can both enter the diffuse reflection screen 11;
reflected light of the beam splitter 10 enters a position A of the diffuse reflection screen 11, and transmitted light of the beam splitter 10 enters a position B of the diffuse reflection screen 11 after being reflected (optical path is extended) by the third reflector 12, the fourth reflector 13 and the fifth reflector 14;
simultaneously measuring a near-field light spot at the position A and a far-field light spot at the position B by using the infrared camera 15, and calculating by combining the optical path difference at the position A, B to obtain a light beam divergence angle;
on the basis, parameters of the lens group 4 and the relative position thereof are estimated through the beam divergence angle, and the lens group 4 is introduced into the indicating light path (namely, the lens group 4 is arranged at the position between the first reflecting mirror 3 and the second reflecting mirror 5) and the optical axis position is ensured not to be changed during introduction;
finally, the dispersion angle of the indicating light is changed to be the same as that of the main laser light by adjusting the distance between the respective lenses in the lens group 4.
Step 3) System check
Firstly, a light path switching alarm 7 is arranged on a light path reflected by the first reflecting mirror 3 and behind the second reflecting mirror 5;
the second reflector 5 is cut off by the light path switching component 6, and the indicating light emitted by the indicating light source passes through the first reflector 3 and the lens group 4 and then is received by the light path switching alarm 7;
the light detector 17 in the light path switching alarm 7 outputs a voltage signal to the comparator 18, if the output voltage signal exceeds the set value of the comparator 18, the TT L level is output, the relay 19 is triggered to be opened, the alarm lamp 20 is lightened, the system is normal, and the step 4 can be executed);
if the output voltage signal does not exceed the set value of the comparator, the output of the comparator is zero, a relay switch is not triggered, and an alarm lamp does not respond, the system is considered to have a possible problem, and the system needs to be checked;
and 4) switching in the second reflecting mirror 5 again by using the light path switching component 6, and simultaneously turning on the indicating light source 2 to realize the introduction of the indicating light.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides an external instruction light safety introducing system of laser instrument which characterized in that:
the device comprises an indicating light source (2), a first reflector (3), a lens group (4), a second reflector (5), a light path switching component (6), a light path switching alarm (7), a light path coaxial adjusting component and a divergence angle acquiring component;
the indicating light emitted by the indicating light source (2) sequentially passes through the first reflector (3), the lens group (4) and the second reflector (5), and the indicating light reflected by the second reflector (5) is coaxial with the main laser of the laser and has the same divergence angle;
the second reflector (5) is arranged on the optical path switching component (6), and the second reflector (5) can cut in or out the main laser optical path emitted by the laser under the action of the optical path switching component (6); the optical path switching component (6) is a one-dimensional electric control displacement table;
the light path switching alarm (7) is arranged in the light path of the indicating light reflected by the first reflecting mirror (3) and is positioned behind the second reflecting mirror (5);
the light path switching alarm (7) comprises a light filter (16), a light detector (17), a comparator (18), a relay (19), an alarm lamp (20) and a power supply (21);
the optical filter (16) is arranged in front of the optical detector (17) and is used for filtering other incident light except the indicating light;
the power supply (21) is respectively connected with the relay (19) and the warning lamp (20);
the light detector (17) outputs a voltage signal to the comparator (18) through the light detector after receiving the indicating light, the comparator (18) outputs TT L level to the relay (19), and the warning lamp is lightened by triggering the relay (19);
the optical path coaxial adjusting component is used for adjusting the indicating light and a main laser optical path emitted by the laser to be coaxial before the indicating light is introduced, and comprises a near-field adjustable diaphragm (8) and a far-field adjustable diaphragm (9); the near-field adjustable diaphragm (8) and the far-field adjustable diaphragm (9) are sequentially arranged on an indicating light path reflected along the second reflecting mirror (5);
the divergence angle acquisition assembly is used for acquiring the divergence angle of the indicating light before the indicating light is introduced, and adjusting the position of the lens group by the divergence angle to enable the divergence angle of the indicating light to be consistent with the main laser emitted by the laser, and comprises a beam splitter (10), a diffuse reflection screen (11), a third reflector (12), a fourth reflector (13), a fifth reflector (14) and an infrared camera (15);
the beam splitter (10) is positioned behind the light path reflected by the second reflector (5), a third reflector (12), a fourth reflector (13) and a fifth reflector (14) are arranged on the light path transmitted by the beam splitter (10), and a diffuse reflection screen (11) is arranged on the light path reflected by the beam splitter (10); the reflected light of the fifth reflector (14) and the reflected light path of the beam splitter (10) are parallel to each other, and the reflected light path of the beam splitter (10) and the reflected light of the fifth reflector (14) can be incident to the diffuse reflection screen (11);
the infrared camera (15) is arranged right opposite to the diffuse reflection screen (11) and used for obtaining a reflection light path of the beam splitter (10) and light spots formed by reflection light of the fifth reflector (14) on the diffuse reflection screen (11).
2. The external indicating light safety introducing system of claim 1, wherein the indicating light source (2) is a continuous wave laser with visible light wave band and adjustable power.
3. A laser external indication light safe leading-in method is characterized in that: the external indicating light safety introducing system of the laser device as claimed in claim 2 is adopted to realize the introduction of the indicating light by the following steps:
1) co-optic axis adjustment
1.1) respectively placing an adjustable diaphragm at the near field and the far field of a main laser light path emitted by the laser (1), and adjusting the position and the diameter of the adjustable diaphragm to enable the main laser light path of the laser (1) to simultaneously pass through the centers of the two adjustable diaphragms;
1.2) sequentially placing an indicating light source (2), a first reflector (3) and a second reflector (5);
1.3) turning on an indicating light source (2), and enabling the indicating light to simultaneously pass through the centers of two adjustable diaphragms by adjusting the positions of a first reflecting mirror (3) and a second reflecting mirror (5), so that the indicating light is coaxial with main laser of a laser;
2) same divergence angle adjustment
2.1) a beam splitter (10) is arranged on the light path of the indicating light reflected by the second reflector (5), a third reflector (12), a fourth reflector (13) and a fifth reflector (14) are arranged on the transmission light path of the beam splitter (10), and a diffuse reflection screen (11) is arranged on the reflection light path of the beam splitter (10); wherein the reflected light of the fifth reflector (14) and the reflected light path of the beam splitter (10) are parallel to each other;
2.2) reflected light of the beam splitter (10) is incident to a diffuse reflection screen (11) A, and transmitted light is incident to a diffuse reflection screen (11) B after being reflected by a third reflector (12), a fourth reflector (13) and a fifth reflector (14);
2.3) simultaneously measuring a near-field light spot at the position A and a far-field light spot at the position B by using an infrared camera (15), and calculating by combining the optical path difference at the two positions A, B to obtain a light beam divergence angle;
2.4) estimating parameters of the lens group and the relative position thereof through the divergence angle of the light beam, and introducing the lens group (4) into the indicating light path;
2.5) changing the divergence angle of the indicating light by adjusting the distance between the lenses in the lens group (4) to be the same as the main laser divergence angle of the laser;
3) system check
3.1) placing a light path switching alarm (7);
3.2) the second reflector (5) is cut out by using the light path switching component (6), and the indicating light emitted by the indicating light source (2) is received by the light path switching alarm (7) after passing through the first reflector (3) and the lens group (4);
3.3) a light detector (17) in the light path switching alarm (7) outputs a voltage signal to a comparator (18), if the output voltage signal exceeds the set value of the comparator (18), TT L level is output, a relay (19) switch is triggered to be opened, an alarm lamp (20) is lightened, the system is prompted to be normal, and the step 4 can be executed;
if the output voltage signal does not exceed the set value of the comparator (18), the output of the comparator (18) is zero, the relay (19) cannot be triggered to be switched on or switched off, and the warning lamp (20) does not react, the system is considered to possibly have problems, and the system needs to be checked;
4) and switching the light path switching component (6) into again, and simultaneously starting the indicating light source (2) and the laser (1) to realize the introduction of the indicating light.
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