CN109786883B - Safety broken disassembly recovery method, broken disassembly recovery system and automatic operation method of lead-acid storage battery - Google Patents
Safety broken disassembly recovery method, broken disassembly recovery system and automatic operation method of lead-acid storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN109786883B CN109786883B CN201910188233.1A CN201910188233A CN109786883B CN 109786883 B CN109786883 B CN 109786883B CN 201910188233 A CN201910188233 A CN 201910188233A CN 109786883 B CN109786883 B CN 109786883B
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- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a safe broken-disassembly recovery method, a broken-disassembly recovery system and an automatic operation method of a lead-acid storage battery, and relates to the technical field of recovery treatment of lead-acid storage batteries. The safe breaking and recycling method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: punching, namely punching an upper cover and a shell bottom of the battery respectively; discharging acid liquor, namely discharging the acid liquor in the battery from the hole; breaking and disassembling the upper cover and the shell bottom, and respectively cutting and removing the upper cover and the shell bottom; breaking and disassembling the connection of the polar plates between the separation grooves, and punching the connection part of the polar plates between the separation grooves; and (3) taking the polar plate and the lead plaster, and pushing the polar plate to separate from the shell. The safe breaking and disassembling recovery method provided by the invention solves the technical problems of difficult material separation and high recovery difficulty in the recovery of the lead-acid storage battery in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of recovery processing of lead-acid storage batteries, in particular to a safe broken-disassembly recovery method, a broken-disassembly recovery system and an automatic operation method of the lead-acid storage batteries.
Background
The recovery of waste lead-acid storage batteries generally adopts a hammer crusher to crush the lead-acid storage batteries. The particles of the lead grids, the lead plaster and the plastic after the smashing treatment are smaller, so that the separation is difficult, the impurities for recycling the lead are increased, and the recycling difficulty of the lead-acid storage battery is improved. In addition, after crushing, lead grids, lead paste and plastics are generally required to be separated, so that the process of recovering lead is increased, and the production efficiency is reduced. In the process of breaking and separating the battery, a large amount of energy is consumed, and the cost is increased. There is also the mode of manual breaking in China generally, but this kind of breaking in the mode has broken in the inefficiency of tearing open to lead can take place direct contact with the human body, and escape lead dust and sulfur-containing gas lead to the fact long-term injury and injury accumulation to the human body, and unordered pouring of acidizing fluid can lead to the fact long-term destruction to workshop production environment, like equipment, clothing, building structure simultaneously.
The breaking and disassembling method is different from the breaking method, and the disassembling process not only disassembles the battery body, but also directly separates the residual acid, the plastic shell, the lead polar plate and the lead mud of the battery, thereby having extremely high separation degree; and the method does not need to be like a crushing method, crushing and mixing are firstly carried out, then complex separation operation is carried out, and the production and separation efficiency is low.
According to production measurement and calculation, the breaking and disassembling method saves electricity by 90 percent, saves water by 95 percent, occupies 60 percent less area, has 70 percent lower equipment cost, has 50 percent lower operation and maintenance cost and has 20 percent higher separation degree than the breaking method; however, the manual breaking and disassembling is in close contact with the environment containing lead, and labor protection measures are difficult to reach standards. At present, the key technology of mechanical breaking and disassembling is not mature, and the complete device is an amorphous product.
Because of the use condition of the lead-acid storage battery and the safety requirement under the accident state, the structure of the lead-acid storage battery not only has higher structural strength and leak-proof sealing property, but also has integral undetachability and decomposition-proof property, and the disassembly-free assembled mechanical structure and maintenance-free structure are basically and perfectly realized. Therefore, the design and manufacturing links of the storage battery basically do not consider recycling, so that the existing storage battery is mainly a disposable product, but not a regenerated storage battery, and the breaking and disassembling method is not an assembly reverse process in a strict sense, thereby providing a brand-new technical research requirement for the breaking and disassembling regeneration of the storage battery.
Therefore, the lead-acid storage battery in the prior art has the technical problems of difficult separation and higher recovery difficulty.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe broken-disassembly recovery method, a broken-disassembly recovery system and an automatic operation method for a lead-acid storage battery, so as to solve the technical problems of difficult separation and higher recovery difficulty in the recovery of the lead-acid storage battery in the prior art.
The first aspect of the invention provides a safe breaking and recycling method of a lead-acid storage battery. The invention provides a safe breaking and recycling method of a lead-acid storage battery, which comprises the following steps:
punching, namely punching a liquid discharge hole on the upper cover of the battery and punching an air inlet hole on the bottom of the shell;
An acid liquid discharging step, namely blowing air through an air inlet hole to drive acid liquid in the battery to be discharged from the acid liquid discharging hole;
Breaking and disassembling the upper cover and the shell bottom, and respectively cutting and removing the upper cover and the shell bottom;
breaking and disassembling the connection of the polar plates between the separation grooves, and punching the connection part of the polar plates between the separation grooves;
And (3) taking the polar plate and the lead plaster, and pushing the polar plate to separate from the shell.
Further, the safe breaking and recycling method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: and (3) a step of sorting the polar plates and the lead plaster, namely flushing the polar plates by using acid liquor to separate the lead plaster from the polar plates.
Further, the acid discharging step comprises a blowing step of blowing air to holes of the upper cover or the bottom of the shell to drive the acid to be discharged from the opposite holes.
Further, in the punching step, the depth of the liquid discharging hole is 10mm-12mm larger than the thickness of the upper cover, and the depth of the air inlet hole is 10mm-12mm larger than the thickness of the shell bottom; the diameter range of the air inlet hole and the liquid discharge hole is 10mm-30mm.
Further, in the acid discharging step, the blowing flow rate of the single air inlet hole ranges from 10m/s to 15m/s.
Further, in the step of breaking and disassembling the upper cover and the shell bottom, the cutting speed ranges from 0.1m/s to 0.8m/s.
The second aspect of the invention provides a safety breaking recovery system of a lead-acid storage battery. The invention provides a safety breaking recovery system of a lead-acid storage battery, which comprises the following components: the battery conveying system, the punching equipment, the first breaking and disassembling equipment, the second breaking and disassembling equipment and the polar plate separating equipment; the battery conveying system is used for driving the lead-acid storage battery to be recovered to move to the punching equipment, the first breaking and disassembling equipment, the second breaking and disassembling equipment and the polar plate separating equipment; the punching equipment comprises a first telescopic driving piece and a hole drill connected to the first telescopic driving piece, wherein the first telescopic driving piece is used for driving the hole drill to move up and down and punching a shell of the lead-acid storage battery; the first breaking and tearing equipment comprises a translation mechanism and a rotary cutting saw connected to the translation mechanism, and the translation mechanism is used for driving the rotary cutting saw to move so as to cut a shell of the lead-acid storage battery; the second breaking and disassembling equipment comprises a second telescopic driving piece and a puncher connected with the second telescopic driving piece, wherein the second telescopic driving piece is used for driving the puncher to move up and down and punching and breaking and disassembling the connection part of the polar plates between the separation grooves of the lead-acid storage battery; the polar plate separating device comprises a third telescopic driving piece and a thrust block connected with the third telescopic driving piece, wherein the third telescopic driving piece is used for driving the thrust block to move up and down so as to push polar plates in the lead-acid storage battery to be separated from the shell.
Furthermore, the safe breaking and dismantling recovery system provided by the invention further comprises an air blowing and acid discharging device, wherein the air blowing and acid discharging device is arranged between the punching device and the first breaking and dismantling device; the blowing acid liquid discharging device comprises a fourth telescopic driving piece and a blowing nozzle connected with the fourth telescopic driving piece, wherein the fourth telescopic driving piece is used for driving the blowing nozzle to move to butt joint with a hole on the shell, and the blowing nozzle blows air into the shell so as to drive acid liquid to be discharged from the shell.
Further, the battery conveying system comprises a battery clamping device, the battery clamping device comprises a clamping driving mechanism and two clamping plates which are respectively connected to the clamping driving mechanism, and the clamping driving mechanism is used for driving the two clamping plates to be relatively close to each other so as to clamp the lead-acid storage battery.
Further, the battery conveying system comprises a conveying mechanism and a battery pushing device, the battery pushing device comprises a fifth telescopic driving piece and a pushing plate connected to the fifth telescopic driving piece, and the fifth telescopic driving piece is used for driving the pushing plate to move so as to push the lead-acid storage battery on the conveying mechanism between the two clamping plates.
Further, the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt, a conveying seat, a conveying sliding plate and an eccentric wheel mechanism, wherein the conveying seat is fixed at one end of the conveying belt, which is close to the battery pushing device, and the conveying sliding plate is connected to the conveying seat and is positioned below the conveying belt so as to receive the lead-acid storage battery sliding off from the conveying belt; the eccentric wheel mechanism is connected with the conveying slide plate and used for driving the conveying slide plate to reciprocate relative to the conveying seat.
Further, the conveyer belt includes first conveying motor, second conveying motor, gear change group and a plurality of roller that the interval set up, and first conveying motor and second conveying motor are connected with the roller through gear change group respectively to drive the roller rotation.
Further, the safe breaking recovery system provided by the invention comprises a shell stretching device, wherein the shell stretching device comprises a shell stretching fixing frame, a first stretching cylinder, a second stretching cylinder, a first pushing plate and a second pushing plate; the first stretching cylinder and the second stretching cylinder are fixed on the shell stretching fixing frame, the first push plate is fixed on the first stretching cylinder, and the second push plate is fixed on the extending end of the second stretching cylinder; the pyramid is connected with one end of the second push plate and one end of the shell stretching fixing frame in a sliding way through the pyramid fixing sliding plate; one side of the spring is fixedly arranged on the shell stretching fixing frame, and the other side of the spring is connected to the sliding rail in a sliding way; one sides of the first push plate and the positioning plate are wedge-shaped;
The two pyramid fixing sliding plates are fixedly connected with the sliding rail and slidably connected with the sliding rail respectively, one pyramid fixing sliding plate is slidably connected with the second pushing plate, and the spring is used for enabling the sliding rail to be pulled back to the original position after the first pushing plate is used for pushing the pyramid fixing sliding plate to be positioned.
Further, each unit of the safe breaking and recycling system is located in the negative pressure box body and enters the waste gas treatment system through induced air.
The third aspect of the invention provides an automatic operation method for breaking and disassembling a lead-acid storage battery, comprising the following steps: a battery clamping control step, a shell punching control step, an upper cover and shell bottom surface cutting control step, a polar plate connection breaking and disassembling control step and a polar plate taking control step; each control step is formed by connecting a computer with a motor driver and a sensor through a communication cable, wherein the motor driver is connected with a motor, the computer converts the battery structure data into a set position and a rotating speed, and the set position and the rotating speed are stored in a hard disk of the computer, and the battery structure data are sent to the motor driver in a coding mode when in use; the computer counts the wear of the cutter and the drilling tool according to the processing quantity of the batteries, and sends out early warning prompt to the wear-and-tear replacing part.
Further, each battery clamping device is provided with an RFID tag, and each station is provided with an RFID sensor respectively; the RFID sensor identifies the RFID tag for identifying and acquiring the different physical stations where the clamping arms of the different battery clamping devices 30 are located.
The invention provides a safe broken-disassembly recovery method, a broken-disassembly recovery system and an automatic operation method for a lead-acid storage battery, and relates to the technical field of recovery treatment of lead-acid storage batteries. The invention provides a safe breaking and recycling method of a lead-acid storage battery, which comprises the following steps: punching, namely punching an upper cover and a shell bottom of the battery respectively; discharging acid liquor, namely discharging the acid liquor in the battery from the hole; breaking and disassembling the upper cover and the shell bottom, and respectively cutting and removing the upper cover and the shell bottom; breaking and disassembling the connection of the polar plates between the separation grooves, and punching the connection part of the polar plates between the separation grooves; and (3) taking the polar plate and the lead plaster, and pushing the polar plate to separate from the shell.
The lead-acid storage battery is treated by adopting the safe breaking and recycling method provided by the invention, and the upper cover and the shell bottom of the battery are respectively perforated, so that the acid liquor is conveniently discharged from the air, on one hand, solid particles in the acid liquor are reduced, and on the other hand, after the acid liquor is discharged first, the polar plate and the lead paste are conveniently separated in the subsequent process.
After the upper cover and the bottom of the battery shell are cut and removed, the connection structure of the polar plate and the shell is broken and detached by punching the connection part of the polar plate between the separation grooves; in a subsequent process, the plates may be separated from the housing by pushing them, and the lead paste is discharged from the housing together.
The safe breaking and recycling method provided by the invention reduces the particles generated by adopting the crushing treatment, so that the mixing of the particles in the lead plaster is reduced, the separation of the lead plaster, the polar plates and the shell is facilitated, the reduction of impurities in the recycled lead is facilitated, the recycling difficulty is reduced, and the recycling effect is improved.
In summary, the technical problems of difficult separation and high recovery difficulty in the recovery of the lead-acid storage battery in the prior art are solved by the safe disassembly recovery method of the lead-acid storage battery.
The safety breaking recovery system of the lead-acid storage battery has the same advantages as the safety breaking recovery method of the lead-acid storage battery compared with the prior art, and is not repeated here.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a lead acid battery;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first mode of a safety breaking recovery system for a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second mode of a safety breaking recovery system for a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a negative pressure seal chamber in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead-acid battery shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first rotary table in the safety breaking recovery system of the lead-acid storage battery shown in fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second rotary table in the safety breaking recovery system of the lead-acid storage battery shown in fig. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the transport mechanism and battery pushing device in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead-acid battery shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the conveyor mechanism and battery pushing device in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead acid battery shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying seat and the conveying slide plate in the safety breaking recovery system of the lead-acid storage battery shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a battery pushing device in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead-acid battery shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the battery clamping device in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead acid battery of FIG. 2;
FIG. 12 is a side view of a perforating apparatus in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead acid battery shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 13 is a top view of a perforating apparatus in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead acid battery shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the blow-down acid discharge apparatus in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead-acid battery of FIG. 2;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the construction of a first tamper apparatus in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead acid battery of FIG. 2;
FIG. 16 is a side view of a second tamper apparatus in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead acid battery shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 17 is a top view of a second tamper apparatus in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead acid battery shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a shell stretching apparatus in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead-acid battery of FIG. 2;
FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is a side view of a plate separator apparatus in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead acid battery of FIG. 2;
FIG. 21 is a top view of a plate separator apparatus in the safety tamper recovery system of the lead acid battery of FIG. 2;
FIG. 22 is a process flow diagram of a method for recycling safety tamper provided in this embodiment;
FIG. 23 is an overall flow chart of the automatic operation method provided in the present embodiment;
Fig. 24 is a control sequence diagram of a battery clamping control step in the automatic operation method provided in the present embodiment;
FIG. 25 is a control sequence diagram of the upper cover and bottom punch control steps in the automated process provided by the present embodiment;
FIG. 26 is a control sequence diagram of the step of controlling the blowing acid discharge in the automatic operation method according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 27 is a control sequence diagram of the upper cover and shell bottom surface cutting control steps in the automated process provided by the present embodiment;
Fig. 28 is a control sequence diagram of a breaking and disassembling control step of the plate connection in the automatic operation method provided in the present embodiment;
fig. 29 is a control sequence diagram of the case stretching control step and the polar plate taking control step in the automatic operation method provided in the present embodiment;
fig. 30 is a control sequence diagram of the housing collection control step in the automatic operation method provided in the present embodiment.
Icon: 11-a conveyor belt; 111-a first conveyor motor; 112-a second conveyor motor; 113-a gear change group; 12-a conveying seat; 121-a chute; 13-a conveying slide plate; 141-eccentric wheel; 142-frame; 20-battery pushing device; 21-a push plate; 22-a fifth hydraulic cylinder; 30-battery clamping means; 31-clamping a fixing frame; 32-clamping plates; 33-connecting rods; 34-clamping the lead screw; 35-a linkage mechanism; 40-punching equipment; 41-drilling a hole; 42-a first hydraulic cylinder; 43-punching a fixed frame; 441-a first lead screw; 442-a second lead screw; 451-a first guide shaft; 452-a second guide shaft; 50-blowing and acid discharging equipment; 51-an air blowing nozzle; 52-a fourth hydraulic cylinder; 53-blowing fixing frame; 54-blowing screw rod; 60-a first breaking device; 61-rotating a dicing saw; 62-a first breaking and disassembling fixing frame; 63-a third lead screw; 70-a second breaking and disassembling device; 71-a puncher; 72-a second hydraulic cylinder; 73-a second breaking and disassembling fixing frame; 81-a first turntable; 82-a first flange; 83-a second turntable; 90-a shell stretching device; 91-stretching a fixing frame of the shell; 921-a first stretching cylinder; 922-a second stretching cylinder; 931—a first push plate; 932—a positioning plate; 941-pyramids; 942-pyramid fixation slides; 95-slide rails; 96-springs; 97-second push plate; 010-plate separation device; 0101-thrust block; 0102-a third hydraulic cylinder; 0103-pole plate separation fixing frame; 020-negative pressure seal chamber; 0201-cell inlet; 0202-extraction opening; 0203-material outlet; 03-lead-acid battery.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a lead-acid battery.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a safe breaking and recycling method of a lead-acid storage battery. The safe breaking and recycling method for the lead-acid storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: punching, namely punching an upper cover and a shell bottom of the battery respectively; discharging acid liquor, namely discharging the acid liquor in the battery from the hole; breaking and disassembling the upper cover and the shell bottom, and respectively cutting and removing the upper cover and the shell bottom; breaking and disassembling the connection of the polar plates between the separation grooves, and punching the connection part of the polar plates between the separation grooves; and (3) taking the polar plate and the lead plaster, and pushing the polar plate to separate from the shell.
Specifically, the lead-acid storage battery is treated by adopting the safe breaking and recycling method provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the upper cover and the bottom of the battery are respectively perforated, so that acid liquor is conveniently and rapidly discharged outwards from the shell through the holes, on one hand, solid particles in the acid liquor are reduced, and on the other hand, after the acid liquor is discharged firstly, the polar plate and the lead paste are conveniently separated in the subsequent process.
After the upper cover and the bottom of the battery shell are cut and removed, the connection structure of the polar plate and the shell is broken and detached by punching the connection part of the polar plate between the separation grooves; in a subsequent process, the plates may be separated from the housing by pushing them, and the lead paste is discharged from the housing together.
The safe breaking and recycling method provided by the embodiment of the invention reduces the particles generated by adopting the crushing treatment, so that the mixing of the particles in the lead plaster is reduced, the separation of the lead plaster, the polar plate and the shell is facilitated, the reduction of impurities in the recycled lead is facilitated, the recycling difficulty is reduced, and the recycling effect is improved.
In order to better realize separation, the polar plate and the lead plaster which are mixed together are required to be separated, and the safe breaking and recycling method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: and (3) a step of sorting the polar plates and the lead plaster, namely flushing the polar plates by using acid liquor to separate the lead plaster from the polar plates. The separation process is carried out in a separation sieve, and the liquid used in the separation process is the acid liquid collected in the acid liquid discharging step, so that the recycling of resources is fully realized.
Further, the acid liquid discharging step comprises a blowing step, wherein holes at the bottom of the shell are blown, and the acid liquid is driven to be rapidly discharged from the holes of the upper cover.
Specifically, in the punching step, holes are respectively drilled on the upper cover and the shell bottom; in the blowing step, the bottom of the battery case faces upwards, the upper cover faces downwards, and an acid liquor collecting tank is arranged below the upper cover; the blowing nozzle is attached to the bottom of the shell and communicated with the hole at the bottom of the shell, and blows air into the shell to improve the speed of discharging the acid liquor in the shell outwards through the hole on the upper cover.
Referring to fig. 22, fig. 22 is a process flow chart of the method for safely breaking and recycling provided by the present embodiment, a battery body is fed at a battery body preparation station and is conveyed to a breaking and dismantling negative pressure sealing environment through an isolation door, and after the battery body is clamped and fixed, the subsequent processes are sequentially completed.
Further, in the punching step, the depth of the liquid discharging hole is 10mm-12mm larger than the thickness of the upper cover, and the depth of the air inlet hole is 10mm-12mm larger than the thickness of the shell bottom; the diameters of the air inlet hole and the liquid discharge hole are 10mm-30mm. In the acid liquid discharging step, the blowing flow speed range of the single air inlet hole is 10m/s-15m/s. And the step of breaking and disassembling the upper cover and the shell bottom, wherein the cutting speed ranges from 0.1m/s to 0.8m/s.
Further, in the punching step, the punching position is determined according to the electrode position and is set in CNC software, and the punching depth is 10mm-12mm larger than the diameter of the connecting electrode. In the step of taking the polar plate and the lead plaster, the pushing force is a multiple of the weight of the battery; preferably, the amount of the pushing force is 8 to 10 times the weight of the battery.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a safe breaking and recycling system for a lead-acid storage battery. The safety breaking recovery system of the lead-acid storage battery provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components: the battery conveying system, the punching equipment, the first breaking and disassembling equipment, the second breaking and disassembling equipment and the polar plate separating equipment; the battery conveying system is used for driving the lead-acid storage battery to be recovered to move to the punching equipment, the first breaking and disassembling equipment, the second breaking and disassembling equipment and the polar plate separating equipment; the punching equipment comprises a first telescopic driving piece and a hole drill connected to the first telescopic driving piece, wherein the first telescopic driving piece is used for driving the hole drill to move up and down and punching a shell of the lead-acid storage battery, and the first telescopic driving piece is a first hydraulic cylinder; the first breaking and tearing equipment comprises a translation mechanism and a rotary cutting saw connected to the translation mechanism, and the translation mechanism is used for driving the rotary cutting saw to move so as to cut a shell of the lead-acid storage battery; the second breaking and dismantling device comprises a second telescopic driving piece and a puncher connected to the second telescopic driving piece, the second telescopic driving piece is used for driving the puncher to move up and down, and punching and breaking and dismantling are carried out on the connection part of the polar plates between the separation grooves of the lead-acid storage battery, and the second telescopic driving piece is a second hydraulic cylinder; the polar plate separating device 010 comprises a third telescopic driving piece and a thrust block connected to the third telescopic driving piece, wherein the third telescopic driving piece is used for driving the thrust block to move up and down so as to push polar plates in the lead-acid storage battery to be separated from the shell, and the third telescopic driving piece is a third hydraulic cylinder.
Specifically, according to the safe breaking recovery system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the punching equipment punches the upper cover and the bottom of the shell so as to facilitate acid discharge in the subsequent process; the first breaking and disassembling device breaks and disassembles the upper cover and the bottom of the shell; the second breaking and disassembling device breaks and disassembles the connection structure of the polar plate and the shell through punching; the plate separating device pushes the plates to be separated from the shell.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2 and 5, the battery transfer system includes a first rotary table, the first rotary table includes a first rotary table 81, and a plurality of stations are disposed on the first rotary table 81; and each station is respectively connected with a corner component. The corner assembly comprises a first flange 82, a gear transmission group and a stepping motor, wherein the first flange 82 is rotationally connected to the first rotary table 81, and a rotation axis is arranged along the radial direction of the first rotary table 81; the stepper motor is connected with the first flange 82 through a gear transmission group and is used for driving the first flange 82 to rotate around a rotation axis relative to the first rotary table 81 so as to adjust the angle of the first flange 82.
The punching device 40, the first breaking device 60 and the second breaking device 70 are distributed around the first rotating disc 81 and are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with each station on the first rotating disc 81.
Specifically, referring to fig. 12 and 13, the punching apparatus 40 includes a punching fixing frame 43 and a first translation driving mechanism, and the first hydraulic cylinder 42 is mounted on the punching fixing frame 43 through the first translation driving mechanism, and the first translation driving mechanism is used for driving the first hydraulic cylinder 42 to move in a plane relative to the punching fixing frame 43, so as to adjust a horizontal position of the hole opening drill 41, so as to respectively process a plurality of holes on an upper cover and a bottom of the casing.
The first translation driving mechanism includes a first lead screw 441, a second lead screw 442, a first guide shaft 451, a second guide shaft 452, and two stepping motors; the first screw 441 and the second screw 442 are respectively mounted on the punching fixing frame 43, and the first screw 441 and the second screw 442 are perpendicular to each other; one end of the first guide shaft 451 is connected to the first screw shaft 441, the other end is slidably connected to the punching fixing frame 43, the first guide shaft 451 is perpendicular to the first screw shaft 441, a stepping motor is connected to the first screw shaft 441, and the first guide shaft 451 is driven to move along the axial direction of the first screw shaft 441 by the first screw shaft 441; one end of the second guide shaft 452 is connected with the second screw rod 442, the other end of the second guide shaft 452 is slidably connected with the punching fixing frame 43, the second guide shaft 452 is perpendicular to the second screw rod 442, a stepping motor is connected with the second screw rod 442, and the second guide shaft 452 is driven to move along the axial direction of the second screw rod 442 through the second screw rod 442. The first hydraulic cylinder 42 is slidably connected to the first guide shaft 451 and the second guide shaft 452, respectively, the first hydraulic cylinder 42 is movable relative to the first guide shaft 451 in the axial direction of the first guide shaft 451, and the first hydraulic cylinder 42 is movable relative to the second guide shaft 452 in the axial direction of the second guide shaft 452.
Specifically, referring to fig. 15, the first breaking apparatus 60 includes a first breaking fixing frame 62; the translation mechanism comprises a third screw 63, a meshing gear and a stepping motor; the third screw 63 is mounted on the first breaking and disassembling fixing frame 62 and is arranged along the radial direction of the first turntable; the rotary dicing saw 61 is connected to a third screw 63; the stepper motor is coupled to the third lead screw 63 via a meshing gear to drive the rotary cutting saw 61 to translate along the third lead screw 63. The rotary cutting saw 61 includes an annular saw blade and a motor that drives the annular saw blade to rotate to effect cutting.
The first rotating disc drives the lead-acid storage battery to reach a station corresponding to the first breaking and disassembling equipment, and the first flange drives the lead-acid storage battery to rotate to extend in the vertical direction to the upper cover and the bottom shell so as to facilitate cutting by the rotary cutting saw.
Specifically, referring to fig. 16 and 17, the second breaking and tearing apparatus 70 includes a second breaking and tearing fixing frame 73 and a second translational driving mechanism, where the second hydraulic cylinder 72 is mounted on the second breaking and tearing fixing frame 73 through the second translational driving mechanism, and the second translational driving mechanism is used to drive the second hydraulic cylinder 72 to move in a plane relative to the second breaking and tearing fixing frame 73, so as to adjust a flat position of the puncher 71, so as to flexibly punch holes at a specified position in the casing, so as to facilitate breaking and tearing connection of pole plates between the separation grooves, and facilitate separation of the pole plates. The former processes sequentially carry out self-correction, clamping, punching of the upper cover and the bottom of the shell, acid discharging liquid, disassembling of the upper cover and the bottom of the shell, and the position of the battery is determined, so that the puncher only needs to reach a designated position to complete breaking and disassembling of the pole plate connection between the separation grooves under the driving of rotation of the screw rod.
The second translation driving mechanism comprises two groups of lead screws, two groups of guide shafts and two stepping motors; the structure of the second translational driving mechanism is similar to that of the first translational driving mechanism, and will not be described herein.
Specifically, referring to fig. 20 and 21, the plate separating apparatus 010 includes a plate separating fixing frame 0103 and a third translational driving mechanism, wherein the third hydraulic cylinder 0102 is mounted on the plate separating fixing frame 0103 through the third translational driving mechanism, and the third translational driving mechanism is used for driving the third hydraulic cylinder 0102 to move in a plane relative to the plate separating fixing frame 0103, so as to adjust a horizontal position of the thrust block 0101, enable the thrust block 0101 to reach a designated position, enable the thrust block 0101 to move up and down under the driving of the third hydraulic cylinder 0102, and push the plate in the casing downwards.
The third translation driving mechanism comprises two groups of lead screws, two groups of guide shafts and two stepping motors; the third translational driving mechanism has a similar structure to that of the first translational driving mechanism, and will not be described herein.
In some embodiments, an acid collection tank is provided below the perforating apparatus.
Further, the safety breaking recovery system provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises an air blowing acid discharging device 50, wherein the air blowing acid discharging device 50 is arranged between the punching device 40 and the first breaking device 60; the blowing acid discharging device 50 comprises a fourth telescopic driving piece and a blowing nozzle 51 connected to the fourth telescopic driving piece, wherein the fourth telescopic driving piece is used for driving the blowing nozzle 51 to move up and down to butt against a hole on the shell, the blowing nozzle 51 blows air into the shell so as to drive acid liquid to be rapidly discharged from the shell, and the fourth telescopic driving piece is a fourth hydraulic cylinder 52.
Specifically, referring to fig. 14, the blowing acid discharging apparatus 50 includes a blowing fixing frame 53, a blowing screw 54, and a stepping motor. The fourth hydraulic cylinder 52 is fixedly arranged on the blowing fixing frame 53; the blowing screw 54 is mounted on the blowing fixing frame 53 through a fourth hydraulic cylinder 52 and is arranged along the radial direction of the first turntable; the stepping motor is in transmission connection with the blowing screw 54 to drive the blowing nozzle 51 to move along the axial direction of the blowing screw 54; the fourth hydraulic cylinder 52 drives the blowing screw 54, the stepping motor, and the blowing nozzle 51 to move up and down. The position and the up-down position of the air blowing nozzle 51 in the radial direction of the first turntable are adjusted so that the air blowing nozzle 51 is fitted to the battery case and communicates with the hole. The air blowing nozzle is externally connected with a pneumatic pump to supply air flow.
Further, the battery transfer system includes a battery clamping device 30, and the battery clamping device 30 includes a clamping driving mechanism and two clamping plates 32 respectively connected to the clamping driving mechanism, where the clamping driving mechanism is used to drive the two clamping plates 32 relatively close together to clamp the lead-acid storage battery.
Specifically, referring to fig. 11, the battery clamping device 30 includes a clamping holder 31, and a flange plate matched with the first flange plate is disposed at one end of the clamping holder 31 to fix the battery clamping device to the first flange plate. As shown in fig. 2, the safety breaking recovery system provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a plurality of battery clamping devices 30, and the battery clamping devices 30 are connected to the first flange plates on each station on the first turntable in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The clamping driving mechanism comprises a connecting rod mechanism 35, a clamping screw 34 and a stepping motor; the two clamping plates 32 are respectively connected to the clamping fixing frame 31 through connecting rods 33 and can respectively move along the connecting rods 33 relative to the clamping fixing frame 31; the two connecting rods 33 are parallel to each other. The fixing plate in the clamping fixing frame 31 is provided with a through hole through which the connection rod 33 passes, and the connection rod 33 is movable in the through hole. One end of the connecting rod mechanism 35 is connected with the connecting rod 33, the other end is connected with the clamping screw rod 34 through an internal thread sliding block, the stepping motor is in transmission connection with the clamping screw rod 34 to drive one end of the connecting rod mechanism 35 to move along the axial direction of the clamping screw rod 34, and the other end drives the connecting rod 33 and the clamping plate 32 to move relative to the clamping fixing frame 31, so that the two clamping plates 32 are relatively close to each other to clamp a battery or relatively far away from each other to loosen the battery.
Further, an RFID tag (Radio Frequency Identification, radio frequency identification tag) is mounted on each battery clamping device 30; the conveying mechanism, the battery pushing device, the punching equipment, the blowing acid liquid discharging equipment, the first breaking and tearing-down equipment, the second breaking and tearing-down equipment, the shell stretching equipment and the polar plate separating equipment are respectively provided with an RFID inductor (Radio Frequency Identification, a radio frequency identification inductor). The RFID sensor identifies the RFID tag for identifying and acquiring the different physical stations where the clamping arms of the different battery clamping devices 30 are located.
In the normal operation process, the clamping arm is matched with the station to form a processing process, the RFID label of the clamping arm is sensed by the RFID sensor, and then the built-in number of the RFID label and the Mac address identification combination of the RFID sensor are sent to the upper computer, so that the upper computer can record and display the distribution of the clamping arm of each station and the dynamic change of disassembly processing.
When the machine is jammed or temporarily stopped, especially in the case of temporary power failure, and the disassembly operation is continued after restarting, the upper computer automatically records the station identification and the machine head identification, and the problem type and the position are manually recorded. By counting the combination marks, fault type and fault part distribution data are provided for machine maintenance and improvement.
Further, referring to fig. 7-10, the battery conveying system includes a conveying mechanism and a battery pushing device 20, the battery pushing device 20 includes a fifth telescopic driving member and a pushing plate 21 connected to the fifth telescopic driving member, the fifth telescopic driving member is used for driving the pushing plate 21 to move so as to push the lead-acid storage battery on the conveying mechanism between the two clamping plates, and the fifth telescopic driving member is a fifth hydraulic cylinder 22. The conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt 11, a conveying seat 12, a conveying sliding plate 13 and an eccentric wheel mechanism, wherein the conveying seat 12 is fixed at one end of the conveying belt 11, which is close to the battery pushing device 20, and the conveying sliding plate 13 is connected with the conveying seat 12 and is positioned below the conveying belt 11 so as to receive a lead-acid storage battery sliding off from the conveying belt 11; the eccentric wheel mechanism is connected with the conveying slide plate 13 for driving the conveying slide plate 13 to reciprocate relative to the conveying seat 12.
Specifically, the conveyor belt 11 is disposed on the outer side of the first turntable, and the battery pushing device 20 corresponds to a clamping station on the first turntable. The lead-acid storage battery to be recovered is fed from one end of the conveyor belt 11 far away from the first turntable, and is conveyed to the conveying sliding plate 13 through the conveyor belt. The battery pushing device 20 is arranged at one side of the conveying sliding plate 13 far away from the first turntable; after the lead-acid storage battery reaches the conveying sliding plate 13, the pushing plate pushes the lead-acid storage battery to move towards the direction of the first rotating disc and enter between the two clamping plates.
The conveying seat 12 is provided with a chute 121 extending along the radial direction of the first rotating disc, the conveying slide plate 13 is matched with the chute 121, and the eccentric wheel mechanism drives the conveying slide plate 13 to frequently reciprocate along the chute 121, so that the clamping of the lead-acid storage battery caused by friction with the conveying slide plate 13 in the falling process is reduced. Specifically, the eccentric mechanism includes an eccentric 141 and a frame 142, the frame 142 being connected to the conveying slide 13; the motor drives the eccentric wheel 141 to rotate, and the rotation of the eccentric wheel 141 drives the frame 142 to reciprocate, so that the conveying slide plate 13 is driven to reciprocate.
Further, the conveyor belt includes a first conveyor motor 111, a second conveyor motor 112, a gear change group 113, a gear transmission group, and a plurality of rollers disposed at intervals, the first conveyor motor 111 is connected to the rollers through the gear change group 113, and the second conveyor motor 112 is connected to the rollers through the gear transmission group to drive the rollers to rotate.
Specifically, the gear speed change group is a six-stage gear group, each gear in the six-stage gear group is respectively connected with a roller near the feeding end in the conveying belt 11, and the number of teeth of each gear in the six-stage gear group is gradually reduced along the direction that the feeding end of the conveying belt 11 points to the conveying seat 12; the first conveying motor 111 is in driving connection with the six-stage gear set, so that each roller in the conveying belt 11, which is close to the feeding end, is driven to rotate, and the rotating speed of each roller is gradually increased along the direction that the feeding end of the conveying belt 11 points to the conveying seat 12.
The second conveying motor 112 is connected to a plurality of rollers in the conveying belt 11 near the conveying seat 12 through a gear transmission group which is a constant speed transmission, and the rotation speed of each roller connected to the gear transmission group is made equal to the highest rotation speed of each roller connected to the six-stage gear set by controlling the rotation speeds of the first conveying motor 111 and the second conveying motor 112, thereby realizing: the rotation speed of each roller in the conveyer belt 11 is gradually increased along the direction that the feeding end of the conveyer belt 11 points to the conveyer seat 12, and then the rotation speed of the rollers is kept constant, so that the rotation speed of the rollers is different, and the self-correction of the position of the lead-acid storage battery is realized.
Further, referring to fig. 18 and 19, the safety breaking recovery system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a casing stretching device 90. The case stretching apparatus 90 includes a case stretching fixture 91, a first stretching cylinder 921, a second stretching cylinder 922, a first push plate 931, a pyramid 941, a pyramid fixing slide 942, a slide rail 95, a spring 96, a second push plate 97, and a pyramid 941.
Specifically, the first stretching cylinder 921 and the second stretching cylinder 922 are fixed on the housing stretching fixing frame 91 in a mutually perpendicular manner, and the first push plate 931 and the second push plate 97 are respectively fixed on the extending ends of the pistons of the first stretching cylinder 921 and the second stretching cylinder 922; the pyramid 941 is slidably connected to the second push plate 97 and one end of the housing stretching fixing frame 91 by a pyramid fixing slide 942; one side of the spring 96 is fixedly arranged on the shell stretching fixing frame 91, and the other side is connected to the sliding rail 95 in a sliding way; wherein one side of the first push plate 931 and the positioning plate 932 is wedge-shaped, and when the battery falls, the battery position correcting function can be achieved, the two pyramid fixing slide plates 942 are fixedly connected with the slide rail 95 and slidingly connected with each other, and one pyramid fixing slide plate 942 is slidingly connected with the second push plate 97, and the spring 96 is used for completing the resetting operation after the first push plate pushes the pyramid fixing slide plate 942 to be positioned, so that the slide rail 95 is pulled back to the original position, and preparation is made for the stretching of the next shell.
In the working process, after the connection and the disassembly of the pole plates between the separation grooves are completed, the battery is clamped by the clamping arms and driven by the rotation of the first rotating disc 81 to rotate for 60 degrees to reach the shell stretching station. The clamping arm loosens the battery and falls above the shell stretching fixing frame 91, then the piston in the first stretching cylinder 921 is retracted to drive the second push plate 97 to move along the piston direction to drive one end of the battery shell to stretch, then the piston in the second stretching cylinder 922 is extended to drive the first push plate to move, the battery reaches the positioning plate 932 under the pushing of the first push plate through the pyramid fixing slide plate 942 and is clung to the positioning plate 932, finally the stretching and positioning of the battery shell are completed, and the battery body is stretched and positioned to prepare for a pole plate lead plaster taking station.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 6, the safety breaking recovery system provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of shell stretching devices 90; the battery conveying system comprises a second rotary table, the second rotary table comprises a second rotary table 83, and a plurality of stations are arranged on the second rotary table 83; the shell stretching devices 90 are in one-to-one correspondence with the stations on the second turntable 83. And each station is respectively connected with a corner component. The corner assembly comprises a gear transmission group and a stepping motor, the shell stretching device 90 is connected with the stepping motor through the gear transmission group, the stepping motor drives the shell stretching device 90 to rotate relative to the second turntable 83, and the rotation axis is arranged along the radial direction of the second turntable 83 so as to realize the overturning of the shell stretching device 90 and adjust the angle of the shell stretching device 90.
The second turntable 83 is disposed outside the first turntable 81 and corresponds to a subsequent station of the second breaking apparatus 70 on the first turntable 81. After the second breaking and disassembling device 70 finishes processing the lead-acid storage battery, the first rotating disc 81 drives the lead-acid storage battery to continuously rotate for 60 degrees to reach the position above the shell stretching station in the second rotating disc. The shell stretching fixing frame 91 is positioned below the lead-acid storage battery; the battery clamping device is released and the lead-acid storage battery is separated from the battery clamping device and falls freely onto the shell stretching fixing frame 91.
Further, the safety breaking recovery system provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with a negative pressure sealing chamber 020. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a battery inlet, an air extraction opening and a material outlet are arranged on the negative pressure sealing chamber. The waste lead-acid storage battery enters from a battery inlet to complete all breaking and disassembling processes in a negative pressure sealing chamber, harmful gas generated in the breaking and disassembling process is collected at an extraction opening, and the extraction opening is externally connected with an extraction device to treat the harmful gas and enters into a waste gas treatment system through induced air; and the materials after the breaking and disassembling are transported out from the material outlet.
According to the safe broken-disassembly recovery system provided by the embodiment of the invention, voice prompts are provided at each stage in the whole process, so that broken disassembly is more intelligent, and an operator can clearly know the working procedure of the broken disassembly. In addition, the whole process is carried out in a sealed space, and the sealed space is a negative pressure system, so that the influence of leakage of harmful substances during the breaking and the disassembling on the health of human bodies and the environment can be prevented; according to the safe broken recovery system provided by the embodiment of the invention, zero contact between a person and lead is realized in the broken recovery process, and the harm to the person is almost zero.
An automatic operation method of a lead-acid storage battery provided in a third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention includes: the method comprises a battery clamping control step, a shell punching control step, an upper cover and shell bottom surface cutting control step, a polar plate connection breaking and disassembling control step and a polar plate taking control step.
The safe broken recovery system is connected with a control unit, and the control unit controls the operation processes of a battery clamping control step, a shell punching control step, an upper cover and shell bottom surface cutting control step, a broken control step for polar plate connection and a polar plate taking control step. The control unit comprises a storage module; data of lead-acid storage batteries with different sizes and models are input into the storage module. When the method is operated, the model of the lead-acid storage battery is input, the size data of the lead-acid storage battery with the corresponding model can be read from the storage module, the control unit invokes a set breaking and disassembling process and then sends the set breaking and disassembling process to breaking and disassembling equipment in a coded mode, and the breaking and disassembling of the battery are completed.
Specifically, referring to fig. 23-30, the automatic operation method includes a battery clamping control step, a shell bottom punching control step, an air blowing and acid discharging liquid control step, an upper cover and shell bottom cutting control step, a polar plate connection breaking and disassembling control step, a shell stretching control step, a polar plate taking control step and a shell collecting control step, which are sequentially performed, and specifically described as follows:
(1) Starting the breaking and disassembling device, and inputting the battery size, the driving instructions of each motor and the driving instructions of the hydraulic cylinder at the setting interface; punching position coordinates; blowing position coordinates; an air compressor command; cutting position coordinates of the upper cover and the bottom surface of the shell; the polar plate is connected with the broken position coordinates; stretching position coordinates of the shell; taking the position coordinates of the polar plate and the lead plaster;
(2) Storing data, returning to the main display interface, and clicking an operation button;
(3) Putting the battery by voice prompt; a, judging whether a battery is put on the photoelectric switch, if the optical signal S1=1 is detected to jump to 0, judging that the battery is put on the photoelectric switch, and executing the next working procedures; if the jump of the optical signal S1=1 to 0 is not detected, continuing to return to the voice prompt discharge pool option;
(4) Correcting the battery pose, and sending instructions p1, p2 and p3 to the battery correcting motors a, b and c after detecting that the optical signal S1=1 jumps to 0; the battery posture correcting motors a, b and c operate for 10 seconds in a delayed mode, and the driving rollers of the battery posture correcting motors drive the battery to move by a distance X1;
(5) The battery pushing is carried out, whether the battery pushing clamping position optical signal receives S2=1 and jumps to 0 is judged, if not, the operation returns to (4) to continue to be carried out (4); if the battery push clamping position optical signal receives S2=1 and jumps to 0, a push command p4 is sent to the hydraulic cylinder, and the battery is pushed by the piston of the hydraulic cylinder for a distance X2;
(6) The battery is clamped, whether the battery in-place optical signal S3=1 jumps to 0 is judged, if not, the operation returns to (5) to continue to execute (5); if the battery in-place optical signal S3=1 jumps to 0, an instruction p5 is sent to a clamping arm motor J5, the clamping arm motor drives a screw rod to rotate forward to drive a clamping plate to move a distance X3 to clamp a battery, and then voice prompt 'clamping the battery is completed and punching operation is prepared';
(7) Punching the bottom surface of the battery upper cover and the bottom surface of the shell, sending an instruction p6 to a first turntable motor Z1 after the battery is clamped, and enabling the first turntable to rotate for 60 degrees to reach a punching station of the bottom surface of the battery upper cover and the bottom surface of the shell; then reading punching coordinates Xi, yi and punching number i, converting the coordinates into punching table XY motor instructions PXI and PYI and sending the punching coordinates, electrifying a punching drill, ZJ=1, then sending an instruction PZi to a Z-direction hydraulic cylinder of the punching table, completing a Z-direction hydraulic cylinder lifting sending instruction PZi after punching, completing Z-direction hydraulic cylinder lifting, and powering off the punching drill, wherein ZJ=0; then judging whether the punching number i=the upper cover hole number N, if not, continuing to read the punching coordinates Xi, yi and the punching number i, and operating the upper cover hole number N, if so, prompting 'the upper cover punching is finished and preparing the bottom surface punching operation' by voice; then, a command p7 is sent to a rotary motor of a clamping arm, a battery is turned over for 180 degrees, then, punching coordinates Xi, yi and punching number i are read, the punching number M is converted into punching table XY motor commands PXI, PYi and sent, a punching drill is electrified ZJ=1, then, a command PZi is sent to a hydraulic cylinder of the punching table Z, and then, the hydraulic cylinder is lifted to send commands PZi, ZJ=0, the punching drill is powered off, and ZJ=0; judging whether the punching number i=bottom hole number M, if not, continuing to read punching coordinates Xi, yi and the punching number i, and if so, prompting 'bottom surface punching is finished and acid liquid blowing and discharging operation' by voice;
(8) The battery blows and discharges acid liquid, sends an instruction P8 to a first rotating disc motor Z1, rotates for 60 degrees, reads blowing coordinates Y, Z, and an air compressor switch instruction T, F, converts the coordinates into a blowing table YZ motor and hydraulic cylinder instructions PY and PZ and sends the air compressor switch instruction PT and sends the air compressor switch instruction, then the blowing table Z sends an instruction PZ to the hydraulic cylinder, then sends pulse instructions P9, P10, P11, P12 and P13 to an air compressor valve, then sends an instruction P14 to the air compressor valve, delays blowing for 10 seconds, then lifts the Z to the hydraulic cylinder to send the instruction PZ, converts an air compressor off instruction PF and sends out the air compressor switch instruction, and finally sends a voice prompt of ' blowing end ', prepares for upper cover and shell bottom surface cutting operation '.
(9) Cutting the upper cover and the bottom surface of the shell of the battery, firstly sending an instruction P15 to a first rotating disc motor Z1, rotating the first rotating disc for 60 degrees, then sending an instruction P16 to a clamping arm rotating motor, rotating the battery for 90 degrees anticlockwise, then reading the cutting coordinates Y of the upper cover and the bottom surface of the shell, then giving a pulse instruction P17 to a rotating cutting tool motor, and starting a rotary saw; then converting coordinates into a positive rotation pulse instruction PY1 of a Y motor of an upper cover and bottom surface cutting frame and sending out a complete feeding of the rotary saw, then reading a negative rotation pulse instruction PY2 of the Y motor and sending out the complete feeding, retracting a cutter to complete cutting of the upper cover and the bottom surface, and then prompting a voice for ' finishing cutting of the upper cover and the bottom surface of a shell ' to prepare breaking and disassembling of pole plate connection between the separation grooves ';
(10) After the cutting of the upper cover and the bottom surface of the shell is completed, the polar plate breaking and dismantling coordinates Xi, yi and the polar plate connection number i are read, the number of cutting holes O is then converted into polar plate breaking frame XY motor instructions PXI, PYI and sent, then the polar plate connection breaking and dismantling motor is electrified LJ=1, then the polar plate connection frame Z sends an instruction PZi to the hydraulic cylinder, the puncher descends to complete the breaking and dismantling of the polar plate connection between the slots once, then the Z-direction hydraulic cylinder is lifted to send an instruction PZi, the puncher ascends to complete a punching operation, the polar plate connection breaking and dismantling motor is powered off LJ=0 after i continuous cycles, the cycle number i is compared with the number of cutting holes O, if the polar plate connection number i is not equal to the number of cutting holes O, the polar plate breaking and dismantling coordinates Xi, yi, the polar plate connection number i are continuously read, and the number of cutting holes O is operated; if the number i of the polar plates is equal to the number O of the cutting holes, the voice prompt is that the polar plate connection between the separation grooves is broken and disassembled, and the stretching operation of the shell is prepared.
(11) The battery shell stretches, firstly, a pulse command P20 is sent to a first rotating disc motor Z1 to rotate for 60 degrees, then a pulse command P21 is sent to a clamping arm motor J5, and the clamping arm motor drives a screw rod to reversely rotate to drive a clamping plate to move for a distance X3 to loosen the battery, so that the battery falls onto the next clamping arm; then reading a shell stretching coordinate X, Y, converting the coordinate into a shell stretching X hydraulic cylinder pulse command PX and sending the command, then driving a telescopic plate to stretch X4 by a piston in the hydraulic cylinder, sending a command P22 hydraulic cylinder to close, converting the coordinate into a shell stretching Y hydraulic cylinder pulse command PY and sending the command, then driving a telescopic positioning plate to stretch X5 by the piston in the hydraulic cylinder, and sending a command P23 hydraulic cylinder to close. Finally, the voice prompts that the shell stretching is finished and the polar plate and lead plaster are ready to be taken out.
(12) Firstly, sending a pulse instruction P24 to a second turntable motor Z2 to rotate 120 degrees, then reading coordinates Xi and Yi of the polar plate and the lead plaster, pushing down the number i of grooves and the number Q of grooves, then converting the coordinates into instructions PXI and PYI of the XY motor of the polar plate and the lead plaster, sending the instructions PXI and PYI, and starting YG=1 of a hydraulic cylinder; after the hydraulic cylinder is started, the polar plate and the lead plaster table send a command PZi to the hydraulic cylinder to start to push out the polar plate once; after the operations of pushing the polar plate and the lead plaster are finished once, lifting the Z-direction hydraulic cylinder and sending a command PZi to finish the operations of pushing the polar plate, the lead plaster and lifting the push plate; then judging the comparison of the number i of pushing down slots after pushing down and the number Q of slots, if the number i of completed cycles is not equal to the number Q of slots, i=i+1 is returned to read the polar plate, the lead plaster coordinates Xi and Yi, and the number i of slots is pushed down until the number Q of slots is equal to the number Q of slots; if the cycle number i is equal to the groove number Q, the voice prompt is that the polar plate and the lead plaster are taken out and the shell is ready to be collected.
(13) The shell is collected, firstly, a pulse command P25 is sent to a second turntable motor Z2 to rotate 120 degrees, a command P26 is sent to a clamping arm rotating motor to rotate 180 degrees, then a shell stretching coordinate command X, Y is read, then the coordinate is converted into a shell shrinkage X hydraulic cylinder pulse command PX and sent out, a piston in the hydraulic cylinder drives a shrinkage plate to shrink X4, a command P22 hydraulic cylinder is sent out to be closed, then the coordinate is converted into a shell shrinkage Y hydraulic cylinder command PY and sent out, the piston in the hydraulic cylinder drives a shrinkage positioning plate to shrink X5, a command P23 hydraulic cylinder is sent out to be closed, the shell loses acting force, and finally the shell falls down to be collected. After the breaking and disassembling of one battery are completed, the battery is put under the voice prompt, and the breaking and disassembling of the next battery are continuously circulated.
Finally, it should be noted that: in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by differences from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are only required to be seen with each other; the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; embodiments of the application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. Such modifications, substitutions and combinations do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a recovery system is torn open to safety of lead acid battery which characterized in that includes: the battery conveying system, the punching equipment, the first breaking and disassembling equipment, the second breaking and disassembling equipment, the polar plate separating equipment, the blowing acid liquor discharging equipment and the shell stretching equipment;
The battery conveying system is used for driving the lead-acid storage battery to be recovered to move to the punching equipment, the first breaking and tearing equipment, the second breaking and tearing equipment and the polar plate separating equipment;
the punching equipment comprises a first telescopic driving piece and a punching drill connected to the first telescopic driving piece, wherein the first telescopic driving piece is used for driving the punching drill to move up and down and punching a shell of the lead-acid storage battery;
The first breaking and tearing equipment comprises a translation mechanism and a rotary cutting saw connected with the translation mechanism, and the translation mechanism is used for driving the rotary cutting saw to move so as to cut a shell of the lead-acid storage battery;
The second breaking and tearing equipment comprises a second telescopic driving piece and a puncher connected to the second telescopic driving piece, wherein the second telescopic driving piece is used for driving the puncher to move up and down, and punching, breaking and tearing are carried out on the connection part of the polar plates between the separation grooves of the lead-acid storage battery;
The polar plate separating device comprises a third telescopic driving piece and a thrust block connected with the third telescopic driving piece, wherein the third telescopic driving piece is used for driving the thrust block to move up and down so as to push polar plates in the lead-acid storage battery to be separated from the shell;
the air blowing acid liquor discharging device is arranged between the punching device and the first breaking and disassembling device;
The blowing acid liquid discharging device comprises a fourth telescopic driving piece and a blowing nozzle connected with the fourth telescopic driving piece, wherein the fourth telescopic driving piece is used for driving the blowing nozzle to move to butt joint with a hole on the shell, and the blowing nozzle blows air into the shell so as to drive acid liquid to be discharged from the shell;
The shell stretching equipment comprises a shell stretching fixing frame, a first stretching cylinder, a second stretching cylinder, a first push plate, a second push plate and a spring;
The first stretching cylinder and the second stretching cylinder are fixed on the shell stretching fixing frame, the first push plate is fixed on the first stretching cylinder, and the second push plate is fixed on the extending end of the second stretching cylinder; the pyramid is connected with one end of the second push plate and one end of the shell stretching fixing frame in a sliding way through a pyramid fixing sliding plate; one side of the spring is fixedly arranged on the shell stretching fixing frame, and the other side of the spring is connected to the sliding rail in a sliding way; one side of the first push plate and one side of the positioning plate are wedge-shaped;
The two pyramid fixing sliding plates are respectively fixedly connected with the sliding rail and slidingly connected with the sliding rail, one pyramid fixing sliding plate is slidingly connected with the second pushing plate, and the spring is used for enabling the sliding rail to be pulled back to the original position after the first pushing plate pushes the pyramid fixing sliding plate to be positioned.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the battery transfer system comprises a battery clamping device, the battery clamping device comprises a clamping driving mechanism and two clamping plates respectively connected to the clamping driving mechanism, and the clamping driving mechanism is used for driving the two clamping plates to be relatively close to each other so as to clamp the lead-acid battery;
The battery conveying system comprises a conveying mechanism and a battery pushing device, wherein the battery pushing device comprises a fifth telescopic driving piece and a pushing plate connected with the fifth telescopic driving piece, and the fifth telescopic driving piece is used for driving the pushing plate to move so as to push a lead-acid storage battery on the conveying mechanism between two clamping plates;
The conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt, a conveying seat, a conveying sliding plate and an eccentric wheel mechanism, wherein the conveying seat is fixed at one end of the conveying belt, which is close to the battery pushing device, and the conveying sliding plate is connected with the conveying seat and is positioned below the conveying belt so as to receive a lead-acid storage battery sliding off from the conveying belt;
the eccentric wheel mechanism is connected with the conveying sliding plate and used for driving the conveying sliding plate to reciprocate relative to the conveying seat;
The conveying belt comprises a first conveying motor, a second conveying motor, a gear speed changing group and a plurality of rollers which are arranged at intervals, wherein the first conveying motor and the second conveying motor are connected with the rollers through the gear speed changing group respectively so as to drive the rollers to rotate.
3. The safety breaking recovery system of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the safety breaking recovery method of a lead-acid battery comprises:
punching, namely punching a liquid discharge hole on the upper cover of the battery and punching an air inlet hole on the bottom of the shell;
An acid liquid discharging step, namely blowing air through an air inlet hole to drive acid liquid in the battery to be discharged from the acid liquid discharging hole;
Breaking and disassembling the upper cover and the shell bottom, and respectively cutting and removing the upper cover and the shell bottom;
breaking and disassembling the connection of the polar plates between the separation grooves, and punching the connection part of the polar plates between the separation grooves;
And (3) taking the polar plate and the lead plaster, and pushing the polar plate to separate from the shell.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein in the punching step, the depth of the air inlet hole is 10mm-12mm greater than the thickness of the bottom of the casing, and the depth of the drain hole is 10mm-12mm greater than the thickness of the upper cover;
The diameters of the air inlet hole and the liquid discharge hole are 10mm-30mm.
5. The system according to claim 3, wherein in the acid discharging step, the blowing flow rate of the single air inlet hole is in the range of 10m/s to 15m/s.
6. The system according to claim 3, wherein the breaking and disassembling steps of the upper cover and the bottom cover are performed at a cutting speed ranging from 0.1m/s to 0.8m/s.
7. The safety breaking recovery system for a lead-acid battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the automatic operation method for breaking the lead-acid battery comprises: a battery clamping control step, a shell punching control step, an upper cover and shell bottom surface cutting control step, a polar plate connection breaking and disassembling control step and a polar plate taking control step;
Each control step is formed by connecting a computer with a motor driver and a sensor through a communication cable, wherein the motor driver is connected with a motor, the computer converts battery structure data into a set position and a rotating speed, the set position and the rotating speed are stored in a hard disk of the computer, and the battery structure data are sent to the motor driver in a coding mode when in use;
The computer counts the wear of the cutter and the drilling tool according to the processing quantity of the batteries, and sends out early warning prompt to the wear-and-tear replacing part.
8. The system for safely breaking and recycling the lead-acid storage battery according to claim 7, wherein each battery clamping device is provided with an RFID tag, and each station is provided with an RFID sensor;
The RFID sensor is used for identifying the RFID tag and is used for identifying and acquiring different physical stations where clamping arms of different battery clamping devices are located.
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| CN110350264A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-18 | 武汉科技大学 | Four step of battery cuts disassembling apparatus and disassembling method |
| CN111082180B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-06-18 | 上饶市环锂循环科技有限公司 | Recovery system for specially processing scrapped lithium battery |
| CN112186285B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-09-17 | 湖南省金翼有色金属综合回收有限公司 | Broken separator of useless battery |
| CN114130793B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-02-10 | 宁夏大学 | Array punching conveying device for lead-acid storage battery and punching operation method thereof |
| CN117670315B (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-04-26 | 天科新能源有限责任公司 | Semi-solid battery recycling management system based on big data |
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