CN109738890A - A method of distance figure is generated based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image - Google Patents
A method of distance figure is generated based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image, comprising the following steps: generates distance figure grid；A certain lattice point in the optional distance figure grid, calculates the biradical distance and and Doppler frequency of the lattice point；Calculate preliminary projected position of the lattice point in oblique distance figure；The back scattering value for calculating the preliminary projected position, obtains accurate projection value；The lattice point in the distance figure is traversed, S2~S4 is repeated, until traversal is completed, is related to SAR technical field of imaging.The present invention combine closely missile-borne Bistatic SAR platform the characteristics of, specific flight configuration is not depended on, by constructing the projection relation put on ground point and oblique distance figure under the general Bistatic SAR imaging configuration of missile-borne, generates the distance figure of missile-borne Bistatic SAR, processing is convenient, and operand is smaller.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to SAR technical field of imaging, are specifically related to a kind of based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image
The method for generating distance figure.
Background technique
SAR (synthetic aperture radar) is a kind of round-the-clock, round-the-clock modem high-resolution microwave remote sensing imaging radar,
Military surveillance, mapping, vegetational analysis, ocean and hydrological observation, environment and disaster monitoring, resource exploration and the earth's crust are slightly variable
The fields such as detection, have played increasingly important role.Bistatic SAR may be implemented to be shone by transmitting bullet since transmit-receive platform is split
It penetrates target area and orientation Doppler high-resolution is provided, receive the ability that bullet faces target area forword-looking imaging, so can be right
Target scene realizes high-resolution two-dimensional radar Image Terminal Guidance.
In missile-borne Bistatic SAR, the high maneuvering flight of transmit-receive platform, the distance of ground target point and and doppler information by sending out
Projectile and reception bullet provide jointly, and imaging echo model is complicated, and the range Doppler image that imaging obtains is oblique distance figure, band
There are distance and information, there are biggish geometric distortions, it is necessary to which oblique distance figure is converted into distance figure corresponding with ground level, Cai Nengjin
The subsequent image procossing of row and object recognition and detection, to complete SAR Imaging Guidance.Existing Bistatic SAR distance figure generation side
It is a kind of that position of the ground point in oblique distance figure is found out by search in method, need two aircrafts to remain a constant speed parallel flight, it can not
In the biradical configuration general applied to missile-borne, and operand is big；The flat winged model of airborne Bistatic SAR is equivalent to single base by another kind
Then the imaging model of SAR carries out the projection of tapered plane to ground level again, be only applicable to dual station and fly in parallel this specific structure
Type can not still be applied in the general biradical configuration of missile-borne.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned background technique, one kind is provided and is combined closely missile-borne Bistatic SAR
The characteristics of platform, does not depend on the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image of specific flight configuration.
The present invention provides a kind of method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image, including following
Step:
S1, distance figure grid is generated；
S2, a certain lattice point optionally in the distance figure grid, calculate the biradical distance and and Doppler frequency of the lattice point；
S3, preliminary projected position of the lattice point in oblique distance figure is calculated；
S4, the back scattering value for calculating the preliminary projected position, obtain accurate projection value；
Lattice point in S5, the traversal distance figure, repeats S2~S4, until traversal is completed.
Based on the above technical solution, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
S11, using image imaging moment receive bullet in ground level projected position as origin, the projection of directional velocity on the ground
Direction is X-axis, and vertical direction is Y-axis, component right-handed coordinate system O-XYZ；
S12, the intersection point A (x to receive and dispatch dual station beam center Yu XOZ plane0,0,z0) centered on point, according to imaging requirements figure
Wide M × the N of film size, image geometry resolution ratio ρ generate M row N column, and the long lattice width of lattice is the distance figure grid of ρ.
Based on the above technical solution, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
A certain lattice point P in S21, the optional distance figure grid；
S22, lattice point P and transmitting bullet distance R are calculated separatelyTpAnd lattice point P and reception bullet distance RRp, obtain lattice point P
Biradical distance and Rp；
S23, transmitting bullet is calculated separately to the Doppler frequency f of lattice point PTp, and bullet is received to the Doppler frequency of lattice point P
fRp, obtain the Doppler frequency f of lattice point Pp。
Based on the above technical solution, the lattice point P is located at the column of the i-th row jth in distance figure grid, lattice point P's
Coordinate isThe coordinate for emitting bullet is (xT,HT,zT), receive bullet coordinate be (0,
HR, 0), then lattice point P and transmitting bullet distance RTp, lattice point P and receive bullet distance RRpThe biradical distance and R of lattice point PpCalculating
Formula is respectively as follows:
Rp=RTp+RRp。
Based on the above technical solution, the velocity vector of the transmitting bullet is (VTx,VTy,VTz), receive the speed of bullet
Vector is (VRx,VRy, 0), the wavelength for emitting signal is λ, then emits the velocity vector of bullet and the angle of beam center pointing direction
θT, receive bullet velocity vector and beam center pointing direction angle thetaR, transmitting bullet is to the Doppler frequency f of lattice point PTp, connect
Bullet is received to the Doppler frequency f of lattice point PRp, lattice point P Doppler frequency fpCalculation formula be respectively as follows:
fTp=VTcosθT/λ；
fRp=VR cosθR/λ；
fp=fTp+fRp。
Based on the above technical solution, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
S31, the normalization Doppler frequency f for calculating lattice point Pp′；
S32, distance row serial number row of the lattice point P on oblique distance figure is calculated separatelypAnd line of bearing of the lattice point P on oblique distance figure
Serial number colp；
The preliminary projected position of S32, then lattice point P on oblique distance figure is rowpRow, colpColumn.
Based on the above technical solution, Doppler's frequency of the transmitting-receiving dual station beam center and the intersection point A of XOZ plane
Rate is fA, then the normalization Doppler frequency f of lattice point Pp' calculation formula are as follows:
fp'=fp-fA。
Based on the above technical solution, it is τ, sample frequency f that the reception bullet, which receives echo wave gate delay,s, arteries and veins
Width is Tp, light velocity C, then distance row serial number row of the lattice point P on oblique distance figurep, line of bearing serial number of the lattice point P on oblique distance figure
colpCalculation formula be respectively as follows:
colp=fp′Na/fr+Na/2+1。
Based on the above technical solution, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
S41, sample is chosen；
S42, two dimension sinc interpolation is carried out according to the sample of selection, calculates the back scattering value of the preliminary projected position,
Obtain the accurate projection value of lattice point P.
Based on the above technical solution, the sample is with oblique distance figure rowpRow colpIt is classified as center, (8 ρ fs/ C) row
(8ρfs/ C) sample within the scope of column.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention combine closely missile-borne Bistatic SAR platform the characteristics of, specific flight configuration is not depended on, by general in missile-borne
The projection relation put on ground point and oblique distance figure is constructed under Bistatic SAR imaging configuration, generates the distance figure of missile-borne Bistatic SAR, place
Reason is convenient, and operand is smaller.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stream of the method that distance figure is generated based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image of the embodiment of the present invention
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 2 is the oblique of the method based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image generation distance figure of the embodiment of the present invention
Away from figure；
Fig. 3 is the ground of the method that distance figure is generated based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image of the embodiment of the present invention
Away from figure.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of raw based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image
At the method for distance figure, comprising the following steps:
S1, distance figure grid is generated；
In the present embodiment, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
S11, using image imaging moment receive bullet in ground level projected position as origin, the projection of directional velocity on the ground
Direction is X-axis, and vertical direction is Y-axis, component right-handed coordinate system O-XYZ；
S12, the intersection point A (x to receive and dispatch dual station beam center Yu XOZ plane0,0,z0) centered on point, according to imaging requirements figure
Wide M × the N of film size, image geometry resolution ratio ρ generate M row N column, and the long lattice width of lattice is the distance figure grid of ρ.
S2, a certain lattice point optionally in the distance figure grid, calculate the biradical distance and and Doppler frequency of the lattice point；
In the present embodiment, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
A certain lattice point P in S21, the optional distance figure grid；
S22, lattice point P and transmitting bullet distance R are calculated separatelyTpAnd lattice point P and reception bullet distance RRp, obtain lattice point P
Biradical distance and Rp；
Lattice point P is located at the column of the i-th row jth in distance figure grid, and the coordinate of lattice point P isThe coordinate for emitting bullet is (xT,HT,zT), the coordinate for receiving bullet is (0, HR, 0),
Then lattice point P and transmitting bullet distance RTp, lattice point P and receive bullet distance RRpThe biradical distance and R of lattice point PpCalculation formula point
Not are as follows:
Rp=RTp+RRp。
S23, transmitting bullet is calculated separately to the Doppler frequency f of lattice point PTp, and bullet is received to the Doppler frequency of lattice point P
fRp, obtain the Doppler frequency f of lattice point Pp。
The velocity vector of the transmitting bullet is (VTx,VTy,VTz), the velocity vector for receiving bullet is (VRx,VRy, 0), transmitting letter
Number wavelength be λ, then emit the velocity vector of bullet and the angle theta of beam center pointing directionT, receive bullet velocity vector and wave
The angle theta of beam center pointing directionR, transmitting bullet is to the Doppler frequency f of lattice point PTp, receive bullet to the Doppler frequency of lattice point P
fRp, lattice point P Doppler frequency fpCalculation formula be respectively as follows:
fTp=VTcosθT/λ；
fRp=VRcosθR/λ；
fp=fTp+fRp。
S3, preliminary projected position of the lattice point in oblique distance figure is calculated；
In the present embodiment, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
S31, the normalization Doppler frequency f for calculating lattice point Pp′；
The Doppler frequency of the transmitting-receiving dual station beam center and the intersection point A of XOZ plane are fA, then the normalization of lattice point P
Doppler frequency fp' calculation formula are as follows:
fp'=fp-fA。
S32, distance row serial number row of the lattice point P on oblique distance figure is calculated separatelypAnd line of bearing of the lattice point P on oblique distance figure
Serial number colp；
It is τ, sample frequency f that the reception bullet, which receives echo wave gate delay,s, pulsewidth Tp, light velocity C, then lattice point P exists
Distance row serial number row on oblique distance figurep, line of bearing serial number col of the lattice point P on oblique distance figurepCalculation formula be respectively as follows:
colp=fp′Na/fr+Na/2+1。
The preliminary projected position of S32, then lattice point P on oblique distance figure is rowpRow, colpColumn.
S4, the back scattering value for calculating the preliminary projected position, obtain accurate projection value；
In the present embodiment, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
S41, sample is chosen；
S42, two dimension sinc interpolation is carried out according to the sample of selection, calculates the back scattering value of the preliminary projected position,
Obtain the accurate projection value of lattice point P.
The key of interpolation is the sample size of interpolation to be chosen, and sample is excessive then computationally intensive, and sample is too small, is calculated not
Accurately；In the present embodiment, it is preferred that the sample is with oblique distance figure rowpRow colpIt is classified as center, (8 ρ fs/ C) row (8 ρ fs/
C) the sample within the scope of column；The gap size of distance figure grid is geometric resolution ρ, and the resolution ratio of oblique distance figure point target is usual
It is 1~2 times of ρ, therefore the accuracy in order to guarantee interpolation, the main lobe at oblique distance figure midpoint and neighbouring secondary lobe all should be used as interpolation sample
This is calculated, therefore specimen width is selected as the ρ of 8 ρ × 8, and oblique distance map distance line space is C/fs, the corresponding sample point of 8 ρ width
Number is 8 ρ fs/ C chooses with oblique distance figure rowpRow colpIt is classified as center, (8 ρ fs/ C) row (8 ρ fs/ C) sample within the scope of column；It inserts
The influence of the main lobe and the first side lobe energy of point target is considered when value, the data volume of processing is smaller.Interpolation essence is combined
Degree and treatment effeciency.
Lattice point in S5, the traversal distance figure, repeats S2~S4, until traversal is completed.
Those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications to the embodiment of the present invention and modification, if these modifications and change
For type within the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies, then these modifications and variations are also in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
The prior art that the content being not described in detail in specification is known to the skilled person.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
S1, distance figure grid is generated；
S2, a certain lattice point optionally in the distance figure grid, calculate the biradical distance and and Doppler frequency of the lattice point；
S3, preliminary projected position of the lattice point in oblique distance figure is calculated；
S4, the back scattering value for calculating the preliminary projected position, obtain accurate projection value；
Lattice point in S5, the traversal distance figure, repeats S2~S4, until traversal is completed.
2. the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image as described in claim 1, feature exist
In, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
S11, using image imaging moment receive bullet in ground level projected position as origin, the projecting direction of directional velocity on the ground
For X-axis, vertical direction is Y-axis, component right-handed coordinate system O-XYZ；
S12, the intersection point A (x to receive and dispatch dual station beam center Yu XOZ plane0,0,z0) centered on point, according to imaging requirements image width
Wide M × N, image geometry resolution ratio ρ generate M row N column, and the long lattice width of lattice is the distance figure grid of ρ.
3. the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image as claimed in claim 2, feature exist
In, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
A certain lattice point P in S21, the optional distance figure grid；
S22, lattice point P and transmitting bullet distance R are calculated separatelyTpAnd lattice point P and reception bullet distance RRp, obtain the biradical of lattice point P
Distance and Rp；
S23, transmitting bullet is calculated separately to the Doppler frequency f of lattice point PTp, and bullet is received to the Doppler frequency f of lattice point PRp, obtain
To the Doppler frequency f of lattice point Pp。
4. the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image as claimed in claim 3, feature exist
In the lattice point P is located at the column of the i-th row jth in distance figure grid, and the coordinate of lattice point P isThe coordinate for emitting bullet is (xT,HT,zT), the coordinate for receiving bullet is (0, HR, 0),
Then lattice point P and transmitting bullet distance RTp, lattice point P and receive bullet distance RRpThe biradical distance and R of lattice point PpCalculation formula point
Not are as follows:
Rp=RTp+RRp。
5. the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image as claimed in claim 4, feature exist
In the velocity vector of the transmitting bullet is (VTx,VTy,VTz), the velocity vector for receiving bullet is (VRx,VRy, 0), emit signal
Wavelength is λ, then emits the velocity vector of bullet and the angle theta of beam center pointing directionT, receive bullet velocity vector and wave beam in
The angle theta of heart pointing directionR, transmitting bullet is to the Doppler frequency f of lattice point PTp, receive bullet to the Doppler frequency f of lattice point PRp, lattice
The Doppler frequency f of point PpCalculation formula be respectively as follows:
fTp=VTcosθT/λ；
fRp=VRcosθR/λ；
fp=fTp+fRp。
6. the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image as claimed in claim 5, feature exist
In, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
S31, the normalization Doppler frequency f for calculating lattice point Pp′；
S32, distance row serial number row of the lattice point P on oblique distance figure is calculated separatelypAnd line of bearing serial number of the lattice point P on oblique distance figure
colp；
The preliminary projected position of S32, then lattice point P on oblique distance figure is rowpRow, colpColumn.
7. the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image as claimed in claim 6, feature exist
In the Doppler frequency of the intersection point A of the transmitting-receiving dual station beam center and XOZ plane is fA, then the normalization Doppler of lattice point P
Frequency fp' calculation formula are as follows:
fp'=fp-fA。
8. the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image as claimed in claim 7, feature exist
In it is τ, sample frequency f that the reception bullet, which receives echo wave gate delay,s, pulsewidth Tp, light velocity C, then lattice point P is in oblique distance figure
On distance row serial number rowp, line of bearing serial number col of the lattice point P on oblique distance figurepCalculation formula be respectively as follows:
colp=fp′Na/fr+Na/2+1。
9. the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image as claimed in claim 8, feature exist
In, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
S41, sample is chosen；
S42, two dimension sinc interpolation is carried out according to the sample of selection, calculates the back scattering value of the preliminary projected position, obtains
The accurate projection value of lattice point P.
10. the method for generating distance figure based on missile-borne Bistatic SAR range Doppler image as claimed in claim 9, feature
Be: the sample is with oblique distance figure rowpRow colpIt is classified as center, (8 ρ fs/ C) row (8 ρ fs/ C) sample within the scope of column.
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