CN109723787A - A kind of variable speed drive for vehicle - Google Patents
A kind of variable speed drive for vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109723787A CN109723787A CN201910166293.3A CN201910166293A CN109723787A CN 109723787 A CN109723787 A CN 109723787A CN 201910166293 A CN201910166293 A CN 201910166293A CN 109723787 A CN109723787 A CN 109723787A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of variable speed drives for vehicle, including machine driving module, hydraulic drive module and device housing；Machine driving module includes first axle, the second axis, third axis, transfer gear, the second axis driven gear, low gear driving gear, high gear driving gear, third axis driven gear, low gear driven gear, high gear driven gear and the first connector, low range clutch, high gear clutch；Hydraulic drive module includes hydraulic pump, pump shaft, pump shaft gear, hydraulic motor, motor drive shaft, motor drive shaft first gear, motor drive shaft second gear and the second connector；Pass through the mutual cooperation between machine driving module, hydraulic drive module, the present invention is when realizing gear, simple mechanical transmission, simple hydraulic drive and hydraulic and three kinds of kinds of drive of the mechanical series Composite Transmission gear may be implemented, the characteristics of to make gear process have both machine driving and hydraulic drive, to adapt to the gear needs of different type vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to speed changer, in particular to a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle.
Background technique
Variable speed drive structural shape multiplicity, used power delivery mode is different, but main still with machine at present
Tool and hydraulic two kinds of kinds of drive are the most universal.
Machine driving utilizes the system transmitting power being made of various component of machine.Machine driving has reliable transmission
It is high, high-efficient, the features such as grade or variable transmission can be achieved, but there are structure placement of flexible degree for machine driven system
It is low, it carries out easily causing the problems such as transmission is unstable and transmission efficiency sharply declines when mechanical stepless speed change.
Hydraulic drive is passed using the system being made of hydraulic pump, hydraulic motor, various valve class Hydraulic Elements and pipeline etc.
Graduating power.In Hydraulic Power Transmission System, using pressure oil liquid as energy carrier between hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor, pass through both connections
Pipeline transmit power, have that transmission power density is big, system structure placement of flexible degree is high, transmission control is easy, is convenient for
The features such as realizing variable transmission, but hydraulic drive, compared with machine driving, transmission efficiency is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of gears for vehicle
Device, the variable speed drive structure are integrated with mechanically and hydraulically two kinds of gears, gear process are made to have both machine driving
And the characteristics of hydraulic drive, to adapt to the gear needs of different type vehicle.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle, institute
Stating variable speed drive includes machine driving module, hydraulic drive module and device housing；
The machine driving module includes first axle, the second axis, third axis, transfer gear, the second axis driven gear, low gear
It is driving gear, high gear driving gear, third axis driven gear, low gear driven gear, high gear driven gear and the first connector, low
Keep off clutch, high gear clutch；
The first axle is the power input shaft of variable speed drive, is successively installed with the transfer gear thereon, is arranged
There is first connector；First connector rotates synchronously in company with the first axle and can be in first axle along axial cunning
Move the position to the first connector left position or the right position of the first connector；The first axle turns together with transfer gear and the first connector
It is dynamic to be supported on device housing；
Second axis and the first axle are coaxially arranged, and it is driven to be successively installed with second axis on second axis
Gear, the low gear driving gear and the high gear driving gear；One end rotating support of second axis is in the first axle
One end, the other end rotating support of second axis is on described device shell；It is connect when first connector is in first
When clutch left position, first axle is respectively independently rotated with the second axis；When the first connector is in the right position of the first connector, first axle
Transmission connection is constituted by the first connector and the second axis driven gear and the second axis, the second axis is rotated synchronously in company with first axle；
The third axis is the power output shaft of variable speed drive, and the third axis and the first axle are arranged in parallel,
It is successively installed with the third axis driven gear on the third axis, is arranged with the low gear driven gear and is arranged with described
High gear driven gear；The low gear driven gear rotating support is often engaged on third axis and with the low gear driving gear；Institute
High gear driven gear rotating support is stated often to engage on the third axis and with the high gear driving gear；On the third axis also
Equipped with low range clutch and high gear clutch；Low range clutch tool is there are two connectivity port, and the one of the low range clutch
A connectivity port and the low gear driven gear are sequentially connected, another connectivity port of the low range clutch and the third
Axis is fixedly connected；There are two connectivity port, a connectivity port of the high gear clutch and high gears for the high gear clutch appliance
Driven gear transmission connection, another connectivity port of the high gear clutch is fixedly connected with the third axis；
The hydraulic drive module includes hydraulic pump, pump shaft, pump shaft gear, hydraulic motor, motor drive shaft, the first tooth of motor drive shaft
Wheel, motor drive shaft second gear and the second connector；
The hydraulic pump is a volume type rotor pump, and the hydraulic pump is equipped with the second hydraulic fluid port of the first hydraulic fluid port of pump and pump,
The stator of the hydraulic pump is fixedly arranged on described device shell, and the rotor of the hydraulic pump and the pump shaft are sequentially connected；It is described
Pump shaft and the first axle are arranged in parallel, and are installed with the pump shaft gear on pump shaft, the pump shaft, the pump shaft gear and described
The rotor of hydraulic pump rotates synchronously；The pump shaft gear is often engaged with the transfer gear；
The hydraulic motor is a positive displacement rotor motor, and the hydraulic motor is equipped with the first hydraulic fluid port of motor and motor
Second hydraulic fluid port, first hydraulic fluid port of motor are connected to the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump, the second hydraulic fluid port of motor connection first oil of pump
Mouthful, the stator of the hydraulic motor is fixedly arranged on described device shell, and the rotor of the hydraulic motor and the motor drive shaft are driven
Connection；The motor drive shaft and the first axle are arranged in parallel, and first tooth of motor drive shaft is successively arranged on the motor drive shaft
Wheel, second connector and the motor drive shaft second gear；The motor drive shaft first gear rotating support is in the motor drive shaft
Above and with the third axis driven gear often engage；The motor drive shaft second gear rotating support on the motor drive shaft and with institute
The second axis driven gear is stated often to engage；Second connector and the motor drive shaft, which are constituted, to be sequentially connected, second connector
Position or the are rotated synchronously and can moved axially on the motor in the second connector left position or the second connector with motor drive shaft
The position of the right position of two connectors；When the second connector is in the second connector left position, the motor drive shaft first gear is locked
It is rotated synchronously on the motor drive shaft and with motor drive shaft, when second connector is in the right position position of second connector
When, the motor drive shaft second gear is locked on the motor drive shaft and is rotated synchronously with the motor drive shaft, is connect when described second
When clutch is in the second connector bit positions, the motor drive shaft first gear, the motor drive shaft second gear with it is described
Motor drive shaft respectively independently rotates.
Optionally, there is also gears for the machine driving module, and the gear is by second axis, the low gear
It is driving gear, the low range clutch, the low gear driven gear, the high gear driving gear, the high gear clutch, described
High gear driven gear and the third axis are constituted；It is described when the low range clutch and the high gear clutch separate simultaneously
Second axis transmits power without normal direction third axis；When the low range clutch engagement when high gear clutch separation, described the
Two axis transmit power to the third axis with low gear transmission ratio；When high gear clutch engagement, the low range clutch is separated
When, second axis transmits power to the third axis with high gear transmission ratio.
Optionally, first connector selects one of following mechanism: synchronizer formula separation/engaging mechanism, or
Engaging cover type separation/engaging mechanism or castellated separation/engaging mechanism.
Optionally, second connector selects one of following mechanism: synchronizer formula separation/engaging mechanism, or
Engaging cover type separation/engaging mechanism or castellated separation/engaging mechanism.
Optionally, the low range clutch uses wet type multi-piece friction clutch.
Optionally, the high gear clutch uses wet type multi-piece friction clutch.
Optionally, institute's hydraulic pump is two-way change displacement axial piston pump, and positive maximum pump discharge is Dbmax, reversely maximum
Discharge capacity is-Dbmax, and discharge capacity carries out step-less adjustment between-Dbmax~0~Dbmax；As the discharge capacity Db of the hydraulic pump
When being adjusted to zero, the first hydraulic fluid port of the pump, the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump all do not generate sucking and discharge effect to oil liquid, by described
The flow of hydraulic pump is zero；When the discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump is adjusted from zero to Dbmax, the hydraulic pump is with hydraulic pump forward stream
Amount is sucked by the first hydraulic fluid port of the pump and oil liquid is discharged from the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump, and the discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump is adjusted to Dbmax
When, reach its flow maximum by the sucking of the first hydraulic fluid port of the pump and from the flow that the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump is discharged；When the liquid
When the discharge capacity of press pump is adjusted from zero to-Dbmax, the hydraulic pump is sucked with hydraulic pump reverse flow by the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump
And oil liquid is discharged from the first hydraulic fluid port of the pump, when the discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump is adjusted to-Dbmax, inhaled by the first hydraulic fluid port of the pump
Enter and reaches flow maximum from the reversed pump discharge that the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump is discharged.
Optionally, the hydraulic motor is two-way fixed displacement axial piston motor, when with hydraulic pump forward direction flow to described
The motor drive shaft can be driven to rotate forward and the revolving speed of the motor drive shaft and hydraulic pump forward direction flow when motor the first hydraulic fluid port feed flow
It is directly proportional, the motor drive shaft can be driven to rotate backward and institute when with hydraulic pump reverse flow to the second hydraulic fluid port of motor feed flow
The revolving speed for stating motor drive shaft is directly proportional to hydraulic pump reverse flow.
At work, it is multiple that simple mechanical transmission, simple hydraulic drive and hydraulic and mechanical series may be implemented in the present invention
The gear of three kinds of kinds of drive of transmission is closed, thus the characteristics of so that gear process is had both machine driving and hydraulic drive,
To adapt to the gear needs of different type vehicle.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of transmission mechanism schematic diagram of the variable speed drive for vehicle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the hydraulic pump discharge of hydraulic drive module HT in a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle of the present invention is positive
Adjustable range schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that the hydraulic pump discharge of hydraulic drive module HT in a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle of the present invention is reversed
Adjustable range schematic diagram.
Code name in figure: b1- pumps the first hydraulic fluid port；B2- pumps the second hydraulic fluid port；C1- transfer gear；C2- the second axis driven gear；
C3- low gear driving gear；C4- high gear driving gear；C5- motor drive shaft first gear；C6- motor drive shaft second gear；C7- third axis
Driven gear；C8- low gear driven gear；C9- high gear driven gear；Cb- pump shaft gear；HB- hydraulic pump；HM- hydraulic motor；
HT- hydraulic drive module；I1- low gear transmission ratio；I2- high gear transmission ratio；The first connector of j1- left position；The second connector of j2- is left
Position；The first connector of J1-；The second connector of J2-；The right position of the first connector of k1-；The right position of the second connector of k2-；KT- shell；
L1- low range clutch；L2- high gear clutch；The first hydraulic fluid port of m1- motor；The second hydraulic fluid port of m2- motor；Position in the second connector of m-；
Mi- input torque；Mo- output torque；MT- machine driving module；Ni- input speed；No- exports revolving speed；Pi- power；Po- drives
Power；Qp- hydraulic pump forward direction flow；Qn- hydraulic pump reverse flow；Z1- first axle；The second axis of Z2-；Z3- third axis；Zb- pump
Axis；Zm- motor drive shaft.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, by the description of the embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of variable speed drives for vehicle, and the variable speed drive is by machine
Tool transmission module MT, hydraulic drive module HT and device housing KT are constituted.
Wherein, machine driving module MT include first axle Z1, the second axis Z2, third axis Z3, transfer gear C1, the second axis from
Moving gear C2, low gear driving gear C3, high gear driving gear C4, third axis driven gear C7, low gear driven gear C8, high gear from
Moving gear C9 and the first connector J1, low range clutch L1, high gear clutch L2.
First axle Z1 is the power input shaft of variable speed drive, is successively installed with transfer gear C1 thereon, is arranged with
One connector J1；First connector J1 is rotated synchronously in company with first axle Z1 and can be slid axially on first axle Z1 to first
The position of connector left position j1 or the right position k1 of the first connector；First axle Z1 is rotated together with transfer gear C1 and the first connector J1
It is supported on device housing KT.Specifically, wherein first axle Z1 can be equipped with the first connector J1 by spline connecting sleeve.
Meanwhile first connector (J1) select one of following mechanism: synchronizer formula separation/engaging mechanism, or nibble
Trap formula separation/engaging mechanism or castellated separation/engaging mechanism.
Second axis Z2 and first axle Z1 are coaxially arranged, and the second axis driven gear C2, low gear are successively installed on the second axis Z2
Driving gear C3 and high gear driving gear C4；One end rotating support of second axis Z2 in one end of first axle Z1, the second axis Z2's
Other end rotating support is on device housing KT.
Third axis Z3 is the power output shaft of variable speed drive, and third axis Z3 and first axle Z1 are arranged in parallel, third axis
It is successively installed with third axis driven gear C7 on Z3, be arranged with low gear driven gear C8 and is arranged with high gear driven gear C9；It is low
Gear driven gear C8 rotating support is often engaged on third axis Z3 and with low gear driving gear C3；High gear driven gear C9 rotation branch
It holds and is often engaged on third axis Z3 and with high gear driving gear C9.
Low range clutch L1 and high gear clutch L2 are additionally provided on third axis Z3；There are two connecting pins for low range clutch L1 tool
Mouthful, wherein a connectivity port of low range clutch L1 and low gear driven gear C8 are sequentially connected, and low range clutch L1's is another
A connectivity port is fixedly connected with third axis Z3.There are two connectivity ports for high gear clutch L2 tool, wherein high gear clutch L2's
One connectivity port and high gear driven gear C9 are sequentially connected, and another connectivity port of high gear clutch L2 and third axis Z3 are solid
Fixed connection.
Further, the second axis Z2, low gear driving gear C3, low range clutch L1, low gear driven gear C8, high gear active
Gear C 4, high gear clutch L2, high gear driven gear C9 and third axis Z3 constitute gear；As the low range clutch L1 and
When the high gear clutch L2 is separated simultaneously, the second axis Z2 transmits power without normal direction third axis Z3；When the low gear clutch
When device L1 engagement and the high gear clutch L2 are separated, the second axis Z2 is dynamic to third axis Z3 transmitting with low gear transmission ratio
Power；When the high gear clutch L2 engagement and the low range clutch L1 separate when, the second axis Z2 with high gear transmission ratio to
The third axis Z3 transmits power.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, hydraulic drive module HT includes hydraulic pump HB, pump shaft Zb, pump shaft gear C b, hydraulic
Motor HM, motor drive shaft Zm, motor drive shaft first gear C5, motor drive shaft second gear C6 and the second connector J2.
Hydraulic pump HB is the volume type rotor pump for being equipped with the second hydraulic fluid port b2 of the first hydraulic fluid port b1 of pump and pump, and stator is fixed
In on device housing KT, its rotor and pump shaft Zb transmission connection；Pump shaft Zb and first axle Z1 is arranged in parallel, and is installed on pump shaft Zb
The rotor of pump shaft gear C b, pump shaft Zb, pump shaft gear C b and press pump HB rotate synchronously；Pump shaft gear C b is often nibbled with transfer gear C1
It closes.
Specifically, the two-way change displacement axial piston that hydraulic pump HB can be used that a discharge capacity is Db pumps, positive maximum row
Amount is Dbmax, reversed maximum pump discharge is-Dbmax, and its discharge capacity can carry out stepless-adjustment between-Dbmax~0~Dbmax
Section；When the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB is adjusted to 0, pump the first hydraulic fluid port b1, pump the second hydraulic fluid port b2 all oil liquid is not generated sucking and
Discharge effect, by the flow Q=0 of pump, hydraulic pump HB does not export oil liquid；When the discharge capacity of hydraulic pump HB is adjusted from 0 to Dbmax
When, oil liquid is discharged with hydraulic pump forward direction flow Qp by the first hydraulic fluid port b1 of pump sucking and from the second hydraulic fluid port b2 of pump in hydraulic pump HB, hydraulic
When the discharge capacity of pump HB is adjusted to Dbmax, reach its liquid by the first hydraulic fluid port b1 of pump sucking and from the flow that the second hydraulic fluid port b2 of pump is discharged
Press pump forward direction flow maximum Qpmax；When the discharge capacity of hydraulic pump HB is adjusted from 0 to-Dbmax, hydraulic pump HB is anti-with hydraulic pump
Oil liquid is discharged to flow Qn by the second hydraulic fluid port b2 of pump sucking and from the first hydraulic fluid port b1 of pump, the discharge capacity of hydraulic pump HB is adjusted to-
When Dbmax, reach reverse flow by the first hydraulic fluid port b1 of pump sucking and from the hydraulic pump reverse flow Qn that the second hydraulic fluid port b2 of pump is discharged
Maximum value Qnmax.
Specifically, hydraulic pump HB can also can carry out the unidirectional change of step-less adjustment using pumpage Db between 0~Dbmax
Displacement axial piston pump, when using this scheme, pumpage can only unidirectionally be adjusted and pump the first hydraulic fluid port b1 be always inlet port,
Pumping the second hydraulic fluid port b2 is always oil discharge outlet, the forward and reverse rotation of hydraulic motor HM to be realized, needs pumping the first hydraulic fluid port b1 and horse
Reversal valve is set up up between the first hydraulic fluid port m1 and the second hydraulic fluid port of motor m2, the first hydraulic fluid port b1 of pump and motor the are changed by reversal valve
Connected relation between one hydraulic fluid port m1 and the second hydraulic fluid port of motor m2, the conversion of hydraulic motor HM rotation direction is realized with this.
Hydraulic motor HM is the positive displacement rotor motor for being equipped with motor the first hydraulic fluid port m1 and the second hydraulic fluid port of motor m2, horse
The first hydraulic fluid port b1 of pump the second hydraulic fluid port b2, motor the second hydraulic fluid port m2 connection pump is connected to up to the first hydraulic fluid port m1；The stator of hydraulic motor HM
It is fixedly arranged on device housing KT, rotor and motor drive shaft Zm transmission connection；Motor drive shaft Zm and first axle Z1 is arranged in parallel, thereon successively
It is arranged with motor drive shaft first gear C5, the second connector J2 and motor drive shaft second gear C6；Motor drive shaft first gear C5 rotation branch
It holds and is often engaged on motor drive shaft Zm and with third axis driven gear C7；Motor drive shaft second gear C6 rotating support is on motor drive shaft Zm
And it is often engaged with the second axis driven gear C2；Second connector J2 and motor drive shaft Zm, which is constituted, to be sequentially connected, specifically, the second engagement
Device J2 can be made up of spline and motor drive shaft Zm and be sequentially connected, and the second connector J2 is rotated synchronously with motor drive shaft Zm and can be in motor
The position of position m or the right position k2 of the second connector in the second connector left position j2 or the second connector are moved axially on axis Zm,
When the second connector J2 is in the second connector left position j2, motor drive shaft first gear C5 is locked on motor drive shaft Zm and with horse
It is rotated synchronously up to axis Zm, when the second connector J2 be in the right position position k2 of the second connector, by motor drive shaft second gear C6 lock
It is scheduled on motor drive shaft Zm and is rotated synchronously with motor drive shaft Zm, when the second connector J2 is in the position position m in the second connector, horse
Transmission connection is neither constituted up to axis first gear C5, motor drive shaft second gear C6 and motor drive shaft Zm, respectively can independently be rotated.
Specifically, the two-way fixed displacement axial piston motor that a discharge capacity is Dm can be used in hydraulic motor HM, when with hydraulic
When pumping forward direction flow Qp to motor the first hydraulic fluid port m1 feed flow can motor shaft Zm rotate forward and the revolving speed and liquid of motor drive shaft Zm
Press pump forward direction flow Qp is directly proportional, can motor shaft Zm when with hydraulic pump reverse flow Qn to motor the second hydraulic fluid port m2 feed flow
It rotates backward and the revolving speed of motor drive shaft Zm is directly proportional to forward and reverse flow.
Meanwhile second connector (J2) select one of following mechanism: synchronizer formula separation/engaging mechanism, or nibble
Trap formula separation/engaging mechanism or castellated separation/engaging mechanism.In addition, low range clutch L1, high gear clutch L2 are adopted
Use wet type multi-piece friction clutch.
The present embodiment specific work process is as follows:
When variable speed drive provided by the invention is applied to vehicle, vehicle can be made fixed than gear, liquid in machinery
It presses variable transmission and is driven by hydraulic stepless speed change and the mechanical fixed hydraulic/mechanical compound variable speed formed of connecting than speed change
It works under three kinds of modes, and can realize the braking to vehicle by the mechanical self-latching inside transmission device through the invention.
Machinery compares gear surely
Machinery is fixed than under gear mode, step speed change can only be started to walk forward, travel and be compared surely to vehicle.Vehicle rises
Before step, make that the first connector J1 of variable speed drive is in the right position k1 of the first connector, hydraulic pump HB discharge capacity is adjusted to first
0, the second connector J2 is in position m, first clutch L1 and second clutch L2 in the second connector and all separates；Power Pi is by
After one axis Z1 input, the second axis Z2 is passed to through the first connector J1；First clutch L1 is gradually engaged, the second axis Z2 is transmitted to
Power third axis is transmitted to low gear transmission ratio i1 through low gear driving gear C3, first clutch L1 and low gear driven gear C8
After Z3 export forward driving power Po driving vehicle start move ahead, after first clutch L1 is fully engaged, vehicle i.e. with low gear before
Into；
When needing to change to high gear by low gear, second clutch L2 is engaged after separating first clutch L1, is transmitted to the second axis
The power of Z2 is transmitted to third through high gear driving gear C4, second clutch L2 and high gear driven gear C9 with high gear transmission ratio i2
Forward driving power Po driving vehicle is exported after axis Z3 to advance with high gear；Conversely, then low gear can be changed to by high gear.The present invention such as to be made
Transmission device has the function of the mechanical speed change of more gears, can be on the second axis Z2 and third axis Z3 of transmission device of the present invention
The driving and driven gear driving pair of more logarithms is added, and corresponding clutch is added i.e. to every driving and driven gear driving pair of a pair
It can.
Hydraulic stepless speed change transmission
Under the hydraulic stepless speed change kind of drive, vehicle can be realized starting, traveling and the stepless speed regulation of advance and reversing.Vehicle
Starting before, be in the first connector J1 of variable speed drive at the first connector left position j1, the second connector J2
It is all separated in the second connector left position j2, first clutch L1 and second clutch L2, hydraulic pump HB discharge capacity is adjusted to 0；It is dynamic
Power Pi is by after transfer gear C1 and pump shaft gear C b pass to pump shaft Zb, the pump of driving hydraulic pump HB turns after first axle Z1 input
Son rotation；When need to make forward travel, the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB is adjusted from 0 to Dbmax, hydraulic pump HB is by the first oil of pump
Mouth b1 sucking hydraulic pump forward stream amount Qp is discharged from the second hydraulic fluid port b2 of pump and to motor the first hydraulic fluid port m1 feed flow, the hydraulic horse of driving
Simultaneously output power is rotated forward together with motor drive shaft Zm up to HM rotor, the power of forward direction output is through the second connector J2, motor drive shaft
First gear C5 and third axis driven gear C7 exports forward driving power Po after being transmitted to third axis Z3；When Po grams of forward driving power
Vehicle is started to walk forward when taking vehicle start resistance, later as the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB continues to adjust to Dbmax, by pump second
Hydraulic fluid port b2 is discharged and is continuously increased to the hydraulic pump forward direction flow Qp of motor the first hydraulic fluid port m1 feed flow, vehicle is in a manner of stepless speed regulation
Constantly accelerate forward；Vehicle is completed after starting to walk forward, and hydraulic pump HB any stable discharge capacity Db corresponds to one, vehicle and moves forward
Stabilized speed, when the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB is adjusted to Dbmax, vehicle reaches the maximum forward speed under this kind of drive；It needs
When making vehicle backing, by the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB from 0 to-Dbmax adjust, hydraulic pump HB by pump the second hydraulic fluid port b2 sucking, from
Pump the first hydraulic fluid port b1 discharge hydraulic pump reverse flow Qn and to motor the second hydraulic fluid port m2 feed flow, driving hydraulic motor HM rotor together with
Motor drive shaft Zm is rotated backward and output power, the power reversely exported through the second connector J2, motor drive shaft first gear C5 and
Third axis driven gear C7 exports reverse actuating force Po after being transmitted to third axis Z3；When reverse actuating force Po overcomes vehicle start to hinder
Vehicle is started to walk backward when power, later as the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB continues to adjust to-Dbmax, by pump the first hydraulic fluid port b1 discharge
And the hydraulic pump reverse flow Qn of electric motors the second hydraulic fluid port m2 feed flow is continuously increased, vehicle in a manner of stepless speed regulation backward not
It is disconnected to accelerate；After vehicle completes reversing starting, any stable discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB corresponds to one, the vehicle stable speed travelled backward
Degree, when-Dbmax is arrived in the discharge capacity Db adjusting of hydraulic pump HB, vehicle reaches the maximum back-up speed under this kind of drive.
The concatenated compound variable speed transmission of hydraulic/mechanical
Under the concatenated compound variable speed kind of drive of hydraulic/mechanical, vehicle can be realized the starting of advance and reversing, traveling,
Determine than step speed change and stepless speed regulation.Before vehicle start, first adjust the hydraulic pump HB discharge capacity of variable speed drive of the present invention
For the 0, first connector J1 be in the first connector left position j1, the second connector J2 be in the right position k2 of the second connector, first from
Clutch L1 engagement, second clutch L2 separation；Power Pi is passed after being inputted by first axle Z1 through transfer gear C1 and pump shaft gear C b
After passing pump shaft Zb, the pump rotor rotation of driving hydraulic pump HB；
When need to make forward travel, the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB is adjusted from 0 to-Dbmax, hydraulic pump HB is by pump the
Two hydraulic fluid port b2 sucking hydraulic pump reverse flow Qn is discharged from the first hydraulic fluid port b1 of pump and to motor the second hydraulic fluid port m2 feed flow, driving liquid
Pressure motor HM rotor is rotated backward together with motor drive shaft Zm and output power, and the power reversely exported is through the second connector J2, horse
Up to axis second gear C6, the second axis driven gear C2, the second axis Z2, low gear driving gear C3, low gear driven gear C8 and first
Clutch L1 exports forward driving power Po after being transmitted to third axis Z3；The vehicle when forward driving power Po overcomes vehicle start resistance
It starts to walk forward, later as the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB continues to adjust to-Dbmax, by the first hydraulic fluid port b1 of pump discharge and to motor
The hydraulic pump reverse flow Qn of motor the second hydraulic fluid port m2 feed flow is continuously increased, vehicle is constantly accelerated forward in a manner of stepless speed regulation,
When the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB, which is adjusted, arrives-Dbmax, vehicle reaches maximum forward speed when low gear under this kind of drive；It needs
When changing to high gear by low gear, second clutch L2 is engaged after separating first clutch L1, is transmitted to the power warp of the second axis Z2
Output forward driving power Po drives after high gear driving gear C4, second clutch L2 and high gear driven gear C9 are transmitted to third axis Z3
Motor-car is advanced with high gear；Conversely, then low gear can be changed to by high gear；No matter vehicle is with high gear or low gear normal driving process forward
In, any stable discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB corresponds to one stabilized speed to move forward of vehicle, hydraulic pump HB discharge capacity Db 0~-
When being adjusted in the range of Dbmax step-less adjustment can be carried out to vehicle forward speed；
When need to make vehicle backing, the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB is adjusted from 0 to Dbmax, hydraulic pump HB is by pumping the first hydraulic fluid port
B1 sucking hydraulic pump forward stream amount Qp is discharged from the second hydraulic fluid port b2 of pump and to motor the first hydraulic fluid port m1 feed flow, driving hydraulic motor
HM rotor rotates forward and output power together with motor drive shaft Zm, and the power which exports is through the second connector J2, motor drive shaft the
Two gear Cs 6, the second axis driven gear C2, the second axis Z2, low gear driving gear C3, low gear driven gear C8 and first clutch
L1 exports reverse actuating force Po after being transmitted to third axis Z3；When reverse actuating force Po overcomes vehicle start resistance, vehicle backing is risen
Step, later as the discharge capacity Db of hydraulic pump HB continues to adjust to Dbmax, by the second hydraulic fluid port b2 of pump discharge and to electric motors first
The hydraulic pump forward direction flow Qp of hydraulic fluid port m1 feed flow is continuously increased, vehicle is constantly accelerated backward in a manner of stepless speed regulation, works as hydraulic pump
When the discharge capacity Db of HB is adjusted to Dbmax, vehicle reaches maximum back-up speed when low gear under this kind of drive；It needs to be changed by low gear
When entering high gear, second clutch L2 is engaged after separating first clutch L1, is transmitted to the power of the second axis Z2 through high gear driving tooth
Output reverse actuating force Po driving vehicle is after wheel C4, second clutch L2 and high gear driven gear C9 are transmitted to third axis Z3 with height
Gear reversing；Conversely, then low gear can be changed to by high gear；No matter vehicle is in high gear or low gear backward normal driving process, hydraulic pump
Any stable discharge capacity Db of HB corresponds to one stabilized speed travelled backward of vehicle, range of the hydraulic pump HB discharge capacity Db in 0~Dbmax
When being inside adjusted step-less adjustment can be carried out to vehicle backing speed.
The realization of braking function
When vehicle works under above-mentioned any kind of drive, first is simultaneously engaged in variable speed drive of the present invention
Clutch L1 and second clutch L2 all can constitute mechanical self-latching between the second axis Z2 and third axis Z3, can be to vehicle with this
It is braked.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle, it is characterised in that: the variable speed drive includes machine driving module
(MT), hydraulic drive module (HT) and device housing (KT)；
The machine driving module (MT) includes first axle (Z1), the second axis (Z2), third axis (Z3), transfer gear (C1),
Two axis driven gears (C2), low gear driving gear (C3), high gear driving gear (C4), third axis driven gear (C7), low gear from
Moving gear (C8), high gear driven gear (C9) and the first connector (J1), low range clutch (L1), high gear clutch (L2)；
The first axle (Z1) is the power input shaft of variable speed drive, be successively installed with thereon the transfer gear (C1),
It is arranged with first connector (J1)；First connector (J1) rotates synchronously in company with the first axle (Z1) and the
The position to be slid axially on one axis (Z1) to the first connector left position (j1) or the right position of the first connector (k1)；The first axle
(Z1) together with transfer gear (C1) and the first connector (J1) rotating support on device housing (KT)；
Second axis (Z2) and the first axle (Z1) are coaxially arranged, and described is successively installed on second axis (Z2)
Two axis driven gears (C2), the low gear driving gear (C3) and the high gear driving gear (C4)；Second axis (Z2)
One end rotating support is in one end of the first axle (Z1), and the other end rotating support of second axis (Z2) is in described device shell
On body (KT)；When first connector (J1) is in the first connector left position (j1), first axle (Z1) and the second axis (Z2)
Respectively independent rotation；When the first connector (J1) is in the right position of the first connector (k1), first axle (Z1) passes through the first engagement
Device (J1) and the second axis driven gear (C2) and the second axis (Z2), which are constituted, to be sequentially connected, and the second axis (Z2) is same in company with first axle (Z1)
Step rotation；
The third axis (Z3) is the power output shaft of variable speed drive, and the third axis (Z3) and the first axle (Z1) are flat
Row arrangement, is successively installed with that the third axis driven gear (C7), to be arranged with the low gear driven on the third axis (Z3)
Gear (C8) and it is arranged with the high gear driven gear (C9)；Low gear driven gear (C8) rotating support is in third axis (Z3)
Above and with the low gear driving gear (C3) often engage；High gear driven gear (C9) rotating support is in the third axis (Z3)
Above and with the high gear driving gear (C9) often engage；Be additionally provided on the third axis (Z3) low range clutch (L1) and high gear from
Clutch (L2)；There are two connectivity port, a connectivity ports of the low range clutch (L1) for low range clutch (L1) tool
It is sequentially connected with the low gear driven gear (C8), another connectivity port of the low range clutch (L1) and the third axis
(Z3) it is fixedly connected；There are two connectivity port, a connections of the high gear clutch (L2) for high gear clutch (L2) tool
Port and high gear driven gear (C9) are sequentially connected, another connectivity port of the high gear clutch (L2) and the third axis
(Z3) it is fixedly connected；
The hydraulic drive module (HT) includes hydraulic pump (HB), pump shaft (Zb), pump shaft gear (Cb), hydraulic motor (HM), horse
Up to axis (Zm), motor drive shaft first gear (C5), motor drive shaft second gear (C6) and the second connector (J2)；
The hydraulic pump (HB) is a volume type rotor pump, and the hydraulic pump (HB) is equipped with pump the first hydraulic fluid port (b1) and pumps the
The stator of two hydraulic fluid ports (b2), the hydraulic pump (HB) is fixedly arranged on described device shell (KT), the rotor of the hydraulic pump (HB)
It is sequentially connected with the pump shaft (Zb)；The pump shaft (Zb) and the first axle (Z1) are arranged in parallel, and are installed on pump shaft (Zb)
The rotor of the pump shaft gear (Cb), the pump shaft (Zb), the pump shaft gear (Cb) and the hydraulic pump (HB) rotates synchronously；
The pump shaft gear (Cb) is often engaged with the transfer gear (C1)；
The hydraulic motor (HM) is a positive displacement rotor motor, and the hydraulic motor (HM) is equipped with the first hydraulic fluid port of motor
(m1) and the second hydraulic fluid port of motor (m2), first hydraulic fluid port of motor (m1) is connected to the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump (b2), the motor the
Two hydraulic fluid ports (m2) are connected to the first hydraulic fluid port of the pump (b1), and the stator of the hydraulic motor (HM) is fixedly arranged on described device shell (KT)
On, the rotor and the motor drive shaft (Zm) of the hydraulic motor (HM) are sequentially connected；The motor drive shaft (Zm) and the first axle
(Z1) it is arranged in parallel, the motor drive shaft first gear (C5), second engagement is successively arranged on the motor drive shaft (Zm)
Device (J2) and the motor drive shaft second gear (C6)；Motor drive shaft first gear (C5) rotating support is in the motor drive shaft (Zm)
Above and with the third axis driven gear (C7) often engage；Motor drive shaft second gear (C6) rotating support is in the motor drive shaft
(Zm) it is often engaged on and with the second axis driven gear (C2)；Second connector (J2) and the motor drive shaft (Zm) are constituted
Transmission connection, second connector (J2) rotate synchronously with motor drive shaft (Zm) and move axially on motor drive shaft (Zm) the
The position of position (m) or the right position of the second connector (k2) in two connector left positions (j2) or the second connector；When the second connector
(J2) when being in the second connector left position (j2), the motor drive shaft first gear (C5) is locked on the motor drive shaft (Zm) simultaneously
It is rotated synchronously with motor drive shaft (Zm), it, will when second connector (J2) is in the right position of the second connector (k2) position
The motor drive shaft second gear (C6) is locked on the motor drive shaft (Zm) and rotates synchronously with the motor drive shaft (Zm), when described
When second connector (J2) is in position (m) position in second connector, the motor drive shaft first gear (C5), the motor
Axis second gear (C6) and the motor drive shaft (Zm) respectively independent rotation.
2. a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the machine driving mould
There is also gears for block (MT), and the gear is by second axis (Z2), the low gear driving gear (C3), the low gear
It is clutch (L1), the low gear driven gear (C8), the high gear driving gear (C4), the high gear clutch (L2), described
High gear driven gear (C9) and the third axis (Z3) are constituted；When the low range clutch (L1) and the high gear clutch (L2)
When separating simultaneously, second axis (Z2) transmits power without normal direction third axis (Z3)；When the low range clutch (L1) engagement and
When the high gear clutch (L2) separates, second axis (Z2) is dynamic with low gear transmission ratio (i1) Xiang Suoshu third axis (Z3) transmitting
Power；When the high gear clutch (L2) engages and the low range clutch (L1) separates, second axis (Z2) is passed with high gear
It is dynamic to transmit power than (i2) Xiang Suoshu third axis (Z3).
3. a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first connector
(J1) one of following mechanism: synchronizer formula separation/engaging mechanism or engaging cover type separation/engaging mechanism is selected, or
Castellated separation/engaging mechanism.
4. a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: second connector
(J2) one of following mechanism: synchronizer formula separation/engaging mechanism or engaging cover type separation/engaging mechanism is selected, or
Castellated separation/engaging mechanism.
5. a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the low range clutch
(L1) wet type multi-piece friction clutch is used.
6. a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the high gear clutch
(L2) wet type multi-piece friction clutch is used.
7. a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute hydraulic pump (HB) is
Two-way change displacement axial piston pump, positive maximum pump discharge is Dbmax, reversed maximum pump discharge is-Dbmax, discharge capacity-
Step-less adjustment is carried out between Dbmax~0~Dbmax；When the discharge capacity Db of the hydraulic pump (HB) is adjusted to 0, the pump first
Hydraulic fluid port (b1), the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump (b2) all do not generate sucking and discharge effect to oil liquid, pass through the hydraulic pump (HB)
Flow is zero；When the discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump (HB) is adjusted from zero to Dbmax, the hydraulic pump (HB) is with hydraulic pump forward stream
(Qp) is measured to be sucked by the first hydraulic fluid port of the pump (b1) and oil liquid is discharged from the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump (b2), the hydraulic pump (HB)
When discharge capacity is adjusted to Dbmax, reach by pump the first hydraulic fluid port (b1) sucking and from the flow that the pump the second hydraulic fluid port (b2) is discharged
To its flow maximum；When the discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump (HB) is adjusted from zero to-Dbmax, the hydraulic pump (HB) is with hydraulic
Reverse flow (Qn) is pumped to be sucked by the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump (b2) and oil liquid is discharged from the first hydraulic fluid port of the pump (b1), it is described hydraulic
When the discharge capacity of pump (HB) is adjusted to-Dbmax, is sucked by the first hydraulic fluid port of the pump (b1) and arranged from the second hydraulic fluid port of the pump (b2)
Reversed pump discharge out reaches flow maximum.
8. a kind of variable speed drive for vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hydraulic motor
(HM) be two-way fixed displacement axial piston motor, when with hydraulic pump forward direction flow (Qp) to the first hydraulic fluid port of motor (m1) feed flow
When drive that the motor drive shaft (Zm) rotates forward and the revolving speed of the motor drive shaft (Zm) is directly proportional to hydraulic pump forward direction flow (Qp),
The motor drive shaft (Zm) is driven to rotate backward when with hydraulic pump reverse flow (Qn) to the second hydraulic fluid port of motor (m2) feed flow
And the revolving speed of the motor drive shaft (Zm) is directly proportional to hydraulic pump reverse flow (Qn).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910166293.3A CN109723787B (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Variable speed transmission device for vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910166293.3A CN109723787B (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Variable speed transmission device for vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109723787A true CN109723787A (en) | 2019-05-07 |
| CN109723787B CN109723787B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910166293.3A Active CN109723787B (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Variable speed transmission device for vehicle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111946799A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-17 | 重庆大江智防特种装备有限公司 | Automobile power transmission case |
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| EP0282010A2 (en) * | 1987-03-09 | 1988-09-14 | Hydromatik GmbH | Driving device consisting of a motor with changing numbers of revolution, a variable hydrostatic transmission and a shifting device |
| DE3807599C2 (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1993-01-21 | Hydromatik Gmbh, 7915 Elchingen, De | |
| JPH10159939A (en) * | 1996-11-25 | 1998-06-16 | Caterpillar Inc | Hydraulic mechanical transmission |
| CN103982652A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-13 | 合肥工业大学 | Power transferring confluence variable-speed transmission device and hydraulic control system thereof |
| CN106838196A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2017-06-13 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of dynamic branch device and split path transmission device for vehicle |
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| CN85107466A (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1987-04-15 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Hydraulic-mechanical speed variator |
| EP0282010A2 (en) * | 1987-03-09 | 1988-09-14 | Hydromatik GmbH | Driving device consisting of a motor with changing numbers of revolution, a variable hydrostatic transmission and a shifting device |
| DE3807599C2 (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1993-01-21 | Hydromatik Gmbh, 7915 Elchingen, De | |
| JPH10159939A (en) * | 1996-11-25 | 1998-06-16 | Caterpillar Inc | Hydraulic mechanical transmission |
| CN103982652A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-13 | 合肥工业大学 | Power transferring confluence variable-speed transmission device and hydraulic control system thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN109723787B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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