CN109717028A - Crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention discloses crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields, including following operating procedure: (1) being planted using corn soybean density 8: 8, next year corn soybean growth belt exchanges, and carries out crop rotation with two Nian Weiyi periods；(2) corn stalk powder is broken into segment, straw decomposition agent is uniformly sprayed on corn stover surface after being pulverized；(3) after ploughing deeply corn stover into the soil layer of 25-30cm, operation of raking the soil level is carried out；(4) spring in next year carries out flat planting and fertilising to soya seeds using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, and carries out double line width ridge；(5) after soybean harvest, operation is ploughed without carrying out mechanization, spring in next year carries out double line width ridge corn using no-tillage technology, and carries out flat planting and fertilising to corn seed using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine.Crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields provided by the invention, it is easy to operate, it is environmentally protective, it is low in cost, it can effectively promote the yield of corn and soybean.
Description
Technical field
Crop planting technical field of the present invention, and in particular to crop rotation is planted between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields
Method.
Background technique
The Northeast is the important base of soybean in China, and soybean total output accounts for 40% or more the whole nation, to the big of China
Beans production and demand have a decisive role.For Chinese soybean import volume in 2017 up to 95,530,000 tons, soybean yields notch is non-
Chang Yanchong.Country is distinctly claimed increase soybean acreage, advocates corn soybean crop rotation technology, reduces fertilizer and pesticide dosage, builds
The vertical land use pattern for supporting combination, promotes agricultural sustainable development and grain security.Crop rotation is planted not only between corn soybean
The resources such as soil, temperature and moisture can be effectively utilized, additionally it is possible to adjust soil nutrient and culture fertility, promote the micro- life of soil
The diversity of object group prevents the sprawling of pest and disease damage, soil health level is promoted, to improve the output capacity of unit area.When
Rotation system between corn soybean under the Mechanized Straw total crop return applied in preceding agricultural production, lacks corresponding farming side
The cultivation method for matching that method, weight-reducing propose the fertilizer practice of effect and density is promoted production, is based on this, the present invention proposes a kind of corn soybean
Crop rotation implantation methods between returning total stalks into fields.
Summary of the invention
The present invention by reduce N P and K amount of application, make increase corn planting density, Mechanized Straw full dose is ploughed deeply also
The core technologies such as field construct reasonable topsoil, increase soil water storage ability, improve soil organic matter content and utilization rate of fertilizer, most
Reach corn soybean crop rotation Highly effective eventually.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
Crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields, including following operating procedure:
(1) it is planted using corn soybean density 8: 8, next year corn soybean growth belt exchanges, with two Nian Weiyi
Period carries out crop rotation, and wherein corn planting density is ten thousand plant/hectare of 7.5-8.5, and soybean planting density is ten thousand plants/hectare of 22-24,
Density 8: 8 is that 8 row corns are first planted in one piece of farmland, then next to 8 row soybean of plantation, then continue to 8 row corns of plantation, tightly
By 8 row soybean of plantation；In this manner, and so on plantation；
(2) it after corn enters harvest time, is harvested using large-scale corn combine, while by corn straw smashing
The segment for being 8-13cm at length, and uniformly throw and dissipate in field, then straw are uniformly sprayed on corn stover surface after being pulverized
Stalk decay agent is placed 3-5 days naturally, and wherein straw decomposition agent is made of the component of following parts by weight: EM bacterium solution 0.01-0.03
Part, 4-9 parts of sodium molybdate, 8-12 parts of sodium iodide, 14-17 parts of asparagine, 0.1-0.3 parts of 24- epi-brassinolide, 3,5- bis-
6-10 parts of chlorine-2-hydroxyl benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, 980-1000 parts of water；
(3) after ploughing deeply corn stover into the soil layer of 25-30cm, operation of raking the soil level is carried out；
(4) spring in next year carries out flat planting and fertilising to soya seeds using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, and carries out large-ridge double-row
Plantation, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application and phosphate fertilizer, fertilizer nutrient otal investment are 30-50 kg/ha of nitrogen, 40-60 kg/ha of phosphorus；
(5) after soybean harvest, operation is ploughed without carrying out mechanization, spring in next year, it is double to carry out big ridge using no-tillage technology
Row maize planting, and flat planting and fertilising are carried out to corn seed using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer,
Fertilizer nutrient otal investment is 150-180 kg/ha of nitrogen, 50-70 kg/ha of phosphorus, 30-40 kg/ha of potassium.
Specifically, in above-mentioned steps (2), straw decomposition agent is uniformly sprayed on corn stover surface after being pulverized, sprinkling
Amount is 30-35 kg/ha.
Specifically, in above-mentioned steps (3), the concrete operations for operation of raking the soil level are as follows: select 150 horsepowers or more tractor-drawn ploughshares
Formula pivot plow, corn stover is ploughed deeply to 25cm soil layer hereinafter, using heavy duty disc harrow rake thoroughly, rake it is broken and rake, reach sowing
State.
Specifically, in above-mentioned steps (4), soybean planting uses large-ridge double-row, and wide row uses 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted
It plants, important city is pressed in time after broadcasting.
Specifically, in above-mentioned steps (5), corn planting uses large-ridge double-row, and wide row uses 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted
It plants, important city is pressed in time after broadcasting.
From the above technical scheme, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields provided by the invention, easy to operate, green ring
It protects, it is low in cost, it can effectively promote the yield of corn and soybean.Crop rotation improves light, heat, the resource of gas benefit between corn soybean
With rate efficiency, rational close planting improves colony quality, is the important measures for increasing crop yield, with successive soybean cropping and continuous cropping corn
Compare, between corn soybean in rotation system, soybean yields improves 8.2%；Corn yield improves 16.6%, obvious effect of increasing production；
The soil organism is set to promote 5g/kg or more, 7% or more fertilizer utilization efficiency raising, 50 yuan/mu of cost-saving synergistic or more, water simultaneously
The level of resources utilization improves 5.5% or more.Wherein, make among step (1), double line width ridge is equal in step (4) and step (5)
Density of crop can be increased, can effectively optimize overground part crop groups quality；Straw decomposition agent can be effective in step (2)
Accelerate the decomposition rate of corn stover, while the burst size of nutrient content in corn stover can be increased, and then effectively promoted
The fertility of soil, increases the yield of soybean；Corn stover ploughs deeply returning to the field in step (3), can increase the soil organism and
The nutrient contents such as N P and K, and then the fertility of soil effectively is improved, increase the yield of corn and soybean.
Specific embodiment
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.Reality used in the examples
The condition of applying can be for further adjustments according to the condition of producer, and unaccounted implementation condition is usually conventional laboratory conditions.
Embodiment 1
Crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields, including following operating procedure:
(1) it is planted using corn soybean density 8: 8, next year corn soybean growth belt exchanges, with two Nian Weiyi
Period carries out crop rotation, and wherein corn planting density is 7.5 ten thousand plants/hectare, and soybean planting density is 220,000 plants/hectare, makees ratio
Example 8: 8 is that 8 row corns are first planted in one piece of farmland, then next to 8 row soybean of plantation, then continue to 8 row corns of plantation, and then kind
Plant 8 row soybean；In this manner, and so on plantation；
(2) it after corn enters harvest time, is harvested using large-scale corn combine, while by corn straw smashing
The segment for being 8cm at length, and uniformly throw and dissipate in field, then stalk corruption is uniformly sprayed on corn stover surface after being pulverized
Agent is solved, fountain height is 30 kg/ha, is placed 3 days naturally, wherein straw decomposition agent is made of the component of following parts by weight: EM
0.01 part of bacterium solution, 4 parts of sodium molybdate, 8 parts of sodium iodide, 14 parts of asparagine, 0.1 part of 24- epi-brassinolide, the chloro- 2- of 3,5- bis-
6 parts of sodium hydroxybenzenesulfonate, 980 parts of water；
(3) after ploughing deeply corn stover into the soil layer of 25cm, operation of raking the soil level is carried out, the concrete operations for operation of raking the soil level are as follows:
150 horsepowers or more tractor-drawn ploughshare formula pivot plows are selected, corn stover is ploughed deeply to 25cm soil layer hereinafter, using heavy duty disc
Rake rake is thoroughly, rake is broken and rakes, and reaches sowing state；
(4) spring in next year carries out flat planting and fertilising to soya seeds using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, and carries out large-ridge double-row
Plantation, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application and phosphate fertilizer, fertilizer nutrient otal investment are 30 kg/ha of nitrogen, 40 kg/ha of phosphorus, soybean planting
Using large-ridge double-row, wide row uses 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted, and important city is pressed in time after broadcasting；
(5) after soybean harvest, operation is ploughed without carrying out mechanization, spring in next year, it is double to carry out big ridge using no-tillage technology
Row maize planting, and flat planting and fertilising are carried out to corn seed using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer,
Fertilizer nutrient otal investment is 150 kg/ha of nitrogen, and 50 kg/ha of phosphorus, 30 kg/ha of potassium, corn planting uses big ridge
Duplicate rows, wide row use 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted, and important city is pressed in time after broadcasting.
Embodiment 2
Crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields, including following operating procedure:
(1) it is planted using corn soybean density 8: 8, next year corn soybean growth belt exchanges, with two Nian Weiyi
Period carries out crop rotation, and wherein corn planting density is 8.0 ten thousand plants/hectare, and soybean planting density is 230,000 plants/hectare, makees ratio
Example 8: 8 is that 8 row corns are first planted in one piece of farmland, then next to 8 row soybean of plantation, then continue to 8 row corns of plantation, and then kind
Plant 8 row soybean；In this manner, and so on plantation；
(2) it after corn enters harvest time, is harvested using large-scale corn combine, while by corn straw smashing
The segment for being 10cm at length, and uniformly throw and dissipate in field, then stalk is uniformly sprayed on corn stover surface after being pulverized
Decay agent, fountain height are 33 kg/ha, are placed 4 days naturally, wherein straw decomposition agent is made of the component of following parts by weight:
0.02 part of EM bacterium solution, 7 parts of sodium molybdate, 10 parts of sodium iodide, 16 parts of asparagine, 0.2 part of 24- epi-brassinolide, 3,5- bis- are chloro-
8 parts of 2- sodium hydroxybenzenesulfonate, 990 parts of water；
(3) after ploughing deeply corn stover into the soil layer of 25-30cm, operation of raking the soil level is carried out, the concrete operations for operation of raking the soil level
Are as follows: 150 horsepowers or more tractor-drawn ploughshare formula pivot plows are selected, corn stover are ploughed deeply to 25cm soil layer hereinafter, using large-scale
Disc harrow rake is thoroughly, rake is broken and rakes, and reaches sowing state；
(4) spring in next year carries out flat planting and fertilising to soya seeds using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, and carries out large-ridge double-row
Plantation, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application and phosphate fertilizer, fertilizer nutrient otal investment are 40 kg/ha of nitrogen, 50 kg/ha of phosphorus, soybean planting
Using large-ridge double-row, wide row uses 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted, and important city is pressed in time after broadcasting；
(5) after soybean harvest, operation is ploughed without carrying out mechanization, spring in next year, it is double to carry out big ridge using no-tillage technology
Row maize planting, and flat planting and fertilising are carried out to corn seed using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer,
Fertilizer nutrient otal investment is 170 kg/ha of nitrogen, and 60 kg/ha of phosphorus, 35 kg/ha of potassium, corn planting uses big ridge
Duplicate rows, wide row use 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted, and important city is pressed in time after broadcasting.
Embodiment 3
Crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields, including following operating procedure:
(1) it is planted using corn soybean density 8: 8, next year corn soybean growth belt exchanges, with two Nian Weiyi
Period carries out crop rotation, and wherein corn planting density is 8.5 ten thousand plants/hectare, and soybean planting density is 240,000 plants/hectare, makees ratio
Example 8: 8 is that 8 row corns are first planted in one piece of farmland, then next to 8 row soybean of plantation, then continue to 8 row corns of plantation, and then kind
Plant 8 row soybean；In this manner, and so on plantation；
(2) it after corn enters harvest time, is harvested using large-scale corn combine, while by corn straw smashing
The segment for being 13cm at length, and uniformly throw and dissipate in field, then stalk is uniformly sprayed on corn stover surface after being pulverized
Decay agent, fountain height are 35 kg/ha, are placed 5 days naturally, wherein straw decomposition agent is made of the component of following parts by weight:
0.03 part of EM bacterium solution, 9 parts of sodium molybdate, 12 parts of sodium iodide, 17 parts of asparagine, 0.3 part of 24- epi-brassinolide, 3,5- bis- are chloro-
10 parts of 2- sodium hydroxybenzenesulfonate, 1000 parts of water；
(3) after ploughing deeply corn stover into the soil layer of 25-30cm, operation of raking the soil level is carried out, the concrete operations for operation of raking the soil level
Are as follows: 150 horsepowers or more tractor-drawn ploughshare formula pivot plows are selected, corn stover are ploughed deeply to 25cm soil layer hereinafter, using large-scale
Disc harrow rake is thoroughly, rake is broken and rakes, and reaches sowing state；
(4) spring in next year carries out flat planting and fertilising to soya seeds using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, and carries out large-ridge double-row
Plantation, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application and phosphate fertilizer, fertilizer nutrient otal investment are 50 kg/ha of nitrogen, 60 kg/ha of phosphorus, soybean planting
Using large-ridge double-row, wide row uses 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted, and important city is pressed in time after broadcasting；
(5) after soybean harvest, operation is ploughed without carrying out mechanization, spring in next year, it is double to carry out big ridge using no-tillage technology
Row maize planting, and flat planting and fertilising are carried out to corn seed using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer,
Fertilizer nutrient otal investment is 180 kg/ha of nitrogen, and 70 kg/ha of phosphorus, 40 kg/ha of potassium, corn planting uses big ridge
Duplicate rows, wide row use 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted, and important city is pressed in time after broadcasting.
Comparative example 1
It is 6.5 ten thousand plants/hectare, soybean planting density that density of crop in step (1), which is changed to corn planting density,
For 200,000 plants/hectare, stalk ploughs deeply returning to the field and is changed to stalk not returning to the field, large-ridge double-row in step (4) and (5) in step (2) and (3)
It is changed to uniform ridge plantation, remaining operating procedure is identical with embodiment 1.
Respectively with the method for each embodiment and comparative example to the soybean of same breed and corn identically in soil regime
Block carries out planting experiment, and wherein control group 1 plants soybean year after year, and maize planting, test result are as shown in table 1 year after year for control group 2:
The compliance test result of crop rotation implantation methods between 1 corn soybean returning total stalks into fields of table
As shown in Table 1, provided by the invention crop rotation planting technology can effectively be promoted corn and soybean yield and
The fertility that soil can be promoted reduces the amount of application of fertilizer.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, the art
Those of ordinary skill, within the essential scope of the present invention, variation, change, addition or the replacement made all should belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Claims (5)
1. crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields, which is characterized in that including following operating procedure:
(1) it is planted using corn soybean density 8: 8, next year corn soybean growth belt exchanges, with two Nian Weiyi periods
Crop rotation is carried out, wherein corn planting density is ten thousand plant/hectare of 7.5-8.5, and soybean planting density is ten thousand plants/hectare of 22-24, work
Ratio 8: 8 is that 8 row corns are first planted in one piece of farmland, then next to 8 row soybean of plantation, then continue to 8 row corns of plantation, and then
Plant 8 row soybean；In this manner, and so on plantation；
(2) it after corn enters harvest time, is harvested using large-scale corn combine, while corn straw smashing being grown up
Degree is the segment of 8-13cm, and uniformly throws and dissipate in field, and then stalk corruption is uniformly sprayed on corn stover surface after being pulverized
Agent is solved, is placed 3-5 days naturally, wherein straw decomposition agent is made of the component of following parts by weight: 0.01-0.03 parts of EM bacterium solution, molybdenum
Sour sodium 4-9 parts, 8-12 parts of sodium iodide, 14-17 parts of asparagine, 0.1-0.3 parts of 24- epi-brassinolide, the chloro- 2- hydroxyl of 3,5- bis-
6-10 parts of base benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, 980-1000 parts of water；
(3) after ploughing deeply corn stover into the soil layer of 25-30cm, operation of raking the soil level is carried out；
(4) spring in next year carries out flat planting and fertilising to soya seeds using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, and carries out large-ridge double-row kind
It plants, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application and phosphate fertilizer, fertilizer nutrient otal investment is 30-50 kg/ha of nitrogen, 40-60 kg/ha of phosphorus；
(5) after soybean harvest, operation is ploughed without carrying out mechanization, spring in next year carries out large-ridge double-row kind using no-tillage technology
Corn is planted, and flat planting and fertilising are carried out to corn seed using no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine, wherein nitrogen fertilizer application, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, fertilizer
Precipitation total amount is 150-180 kg/ha of nitrogen, 50-70 kg/ha of phosphorus, 30-40 kg/ha of potassium.
2. crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In above-mentioned steps (2), straw decomposition agent is uniformly sprayed on corn stover surface after being pulverized, and fountain height is 30-35 kilograms/public affairs
Hectare.
3. crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In above-mentioned steps (3), the concrete operations for operation of raking the soil level are as follows: 150 horsepowers or more tractor-drawn ploughshare formula pivot plows are selected, by corn
Stalk plough deeply to 25cm soil layer hereinafter, using heavy duty disc harrow rake thoroughly, rake it is broken and rake, reach sowing state.
4. crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In above-mentioned steps (4), soybean planting uses large-ridge double-row, and wide row uses 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted, broadcasts rear timely important city
Pressure.
5. crop rotation implantation methods between a kind of corn soybean returning total stalks into fields according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In above-mentioned steps (5), corn planting uses large-ridge double-row, and wide row uses 90cm, narrow row 50cm to be planted, broadcasts rear timely important city
Pressure.
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Cited By (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110024634A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-19 | 华中农业大学 | Soil, stalk, seed and fertilizer method for arranging and application during the live streaming of rice stubble field non-ploughing rape production mechanization |
| CN110249894A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-20 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | A kind of Mango Fruit Garden interplanting corn and corn and sweet and crisp pea rotation cropping method |
| CN112056037A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-11 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Cultivation method for returning all corn straws to field |
| CN112314362A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-02-05 | 吉林农业大学 | Single-ridge double-row staggered close planting method for corn |
| CN113615524A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-09 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所农业技术中心 | Soybean rotation planting method |
| CN115226581A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-25 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Wheat-corn deep non-intermittent cultivation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110024634A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-19 | 华中农业大学 | Soil, stalk, seed and fertilizer method for arranging and application during the live streaming of rice stubble field non-ploughing rape production mechanization |
| CN110024634B (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2021-11-05 | 华中农业大学 | Soil, straw, seed and fertilizer arrangement method and application in mechanized direct seeding process of rape in rice stubble field |
| CN110249894A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-20 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | A kind of Mango Fruit Garden interplanting corn and corn and sweet and crisp pea rotation cropping method |
| CN110249894B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Interplanting sweet corn in mango orchard and crop rotation cultivation method of sweet corn and sweet crisp peas |
| CN112056037A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-11 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Cultivation method for returning all corn straws to field |
| CN112314362A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-02-05 | 吉林农业大学 | Single-ridge double-row staggered close planting method for corn |
| CN112314362B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-03-14 | 吉林农业大学 | Single-ridge double-row staggered close planting method for corn |
| CN113615524A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-09 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所农业技术中心 | Soybean rotation planting method |
| CN115226581A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-25 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Wheat-corn deep non-intermittent cultivation method |
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