CN109566374B - High-yield pea seedling and planting method thereof - Google Patents

High-yield pea seedling and planting method thereof Download PDF

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CN109566374B
CN109566374B CN201811608099.8A CN201811608099A CN109566374B CN 109566374 B CN109566374 B CN 109566374B CN 201811608099 A CN201811608099 A CN 201811608099A CN 109566374 B CN109566374 B CN 109566374B
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刘斌
李靖
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Shandong Qingnong Industry Development Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/13—Zeolites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
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    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil

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Abstract

The invention provides a high-yield pea seedling and a planting method thereof, and belongs to the field of plant cultivation. The invention seeds through sieving; sterilizing; mixing seeds; accelerating germination; the yield of the pea seedlings is greatly improved by methods such as culture and the like under the condition of ensuring that the nutritive value of the pea seedlings is not reduced. The invention also improves the culture medium, so that the culture medium can adsorb the nitrate in the waste discharged by the pea seedlings and release the nitrogenous fertilizer, and the nitrogenous fertilizer can be continuously grown. The sprouting rate of seven crops of pea seedlings planted by the method can reach 77.5 percent at most, and the total phenol content can reach 846.2mg/g at most.

Description

High-yield pea seedling and planting method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vegetable cultivation, and particularly relates to a high-yield pea seedling and a planting method thereof.
Background
Pea seedlings: one kind of vegetable. The tender stem and leaf of pea is also one of seedling vegetables, also called "pea tip", "asparagus" and "asparagus seedling". The green leaf vegetable is a green leaf vegetable which is edible by using tender stems and leaves and tender tips of vegetable peas.
The pea seedlings are rich in nutrition and contain various amino acids necessary for human bodies. It has fragrant smell, soft and tender texture, smooth and palatable taste, and good color, fragrance and taste. High nutritive value, green and no public nuisance, and is fragrant, smooth and tender, and delicious and unique in taste. The vegetable dish is used for frying, making soup and rinsing a pot, is a good choice for general consumers.
The pea pods and young leaves of the bean seedlings are rich in vitamin C and enzyme capable of decomposing nitrosamine in vivo, can decompose nitrosamine, and has anticancer effect. The pea has the functions of resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation and strengthening metabolism, and contains matters such as crotch acid, gibberellin and phytohemagglutinin. The sweet broad pea and the young bean contain rich dietary fiber, can prevent constipation and has the function of clearing intestines.
1. Enhancing the immune function of the organism: the peas are rich in various nutrient substances required by human bodies, particularly contain high-quality protein, and can improve the disease resistance and the rehabilitation capability of the body.
2. Cancer prevention and treatment: the peas are rich in carotene, and can prevent the synthesis of human carcinogens after being eaten, thereby reducing the formation of cancer cells and reducing the incidence of human cancers.
3. Smoothing large intestine: the peas are rich in crude fiber, can promote the peristalsis of the large intestine, keep the defecation smooth and play a role in cleaning the large intestine. The peas with the food therapy function are sweet in taste and neutral in nature and enter spleen and stomach channels; has effects of invigorating qi, relieving dysentery, regulating yingfen and weifen, promoting urination, resolving carbuncle and swelling, and removing toxic materials; it can be used for treating tinea pedis, carbuncle, galactostasis, discomfort of spleen and stomach, singultus, emesis, cardiac and abdominal distention and pain, thirst, and dysentery.
In the prior art, pea seedling planting technologies are mainly divided into two categories, one is soil cultivation and the other is soilless cultivation. However, soil cultivation is easy to cause diseases and insect pests, and soil cultivation generally only can utilize one crop but cannot exceed three crops at most.
For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN 103907517 a discloses a very traditional pea seedling cultivation technique, which avoids the pest and disease damage, but still avoids the problem of using less stubbles.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the existing pea seedling planting technology, the invention solves the problems of insufficient nutrition, easy pest and disease damage and less regeneration stubbles of the pea seedlings for a long time by the methods of mixed seed germination acceleration, sterilization by a sterilization solution and adoption of a novel culture medium.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the high-yield pea seedling planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) screening seeds;
(2) sterilizing to obtain sterile peas;
(3) mixing seeds: adding seeds of Papilionaceae plants except semen Pisi Sativi into sterile semen Pisi Sativi, and adding 5-10 seeds of Papilionaceae plants except semen Pisi Sativi into each 100 sterile semen Pisi Sativi to obtain mixed seeds;
the seeds of the Papilionaceae plant except peas are sterilized before incorporation by the same method as that used to obtain sterile peas;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 10-30 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine water solution, adding mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, and removing buds of Papilionoideae plants except peas after germinating for 2-10 days to obtain pea buds;
(5) culturing: transferring the pea sprouts to a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, and culturing for 5-12 days to obtain the nutritional pea seedlings.
Preferably, the high-yield pea seedling planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and no deformity;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking peas in a sterilizing solution for 24-36 hours, and washing the peas once with distilled water to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5-10 times of the weight of peas;
(3) mixing seeds: adding seeds of Papilionaceae plants except semen Pisi Sativi into sterile semen Pisi Sativi, and adding 5-10 seeds of Papilionaceae plants except semen Pisi Sativi into each 100 sterile semen Pisi Sativi to obtain mixed seeds;
the seeds of the Papilionaceae plant except peas are sterilized before incorporation by the same method as that used to obtain sterile peas;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 10-30 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 2-10 days at 20-25 ℃ and relative humidity of 75-85% in a dark condition, and removing buds of Papilionaceae plants except peas to obtain pea buds;
(5) culturing: transferring the pea sprouts to a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, and culturing for 5-12 days to obtain the nutritional pea seedlings.
Preferably, the seeds of the Papilionaceae plants except peas are any one of kidney beans, chickpeas and soybeans.
Preferably, the culture medium preparation raw materials comprise aluminosilicate and a nitrogen-containing fertilizer;
the aluminosilicate is montmorillonite or zeolite or a mixture of the montmorillonite and the zeolite in any proportion;
the nitrogen-containing fertilizer is a guanylurea derivative.
Preferably, the preparation method of the culture medium comprises the steps of adding a nitrogen-containing fertilizer, inorganic phosphate accounting for 20-50% of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer and magnesium sulfate accounting for 20-50% of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer into water 1-1.2 times of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 50-60 ℃ for 1-2 hours, adding aluminosilicate accounting for 70-90% of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60-80 ℃ for 2-3 hours, filtering while hot, taking solid, and drying at 150-180 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours to obtain the culture medium.
Preferably, the guanylurea derivatives have the following structural formula:
Figure BDA0001924062750000031
preferably, the inorganic phosphate is ammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate.
Preferably, the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivatives and water according to a mass ratio of (0.05-0.3) to (0.05-0.4) to 100.
Preferably, the structural formula of the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is:
Figure BDA0001924062750000041
wherein R ═ methyl, hydroxyl, or sulfonic acid groups.
When R is hydroxyl, the specific structural formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001924062750000042
the nutritional pea seedlings are obtained by any planting method of the high-yield pea seedlings.
The invention has the advantages that: the nutrition value of the pea seedlings can be improved by utilizing the advantages of mixed seeds and using N-acetyl-5 methoxy tryptamine aqueous solution for accelerating germination; a novel culture substrate is developed, the culture substrate adsorbs guanylurea derivatives, the guanylurea derivatives have double effects of sterilization and nutrition supply to pea seedlings, nitrate is slowly released by the pea seedlings during cultivation, the nitrate is slowly adsorbed by aluminosilicate in the culture substrate and is slowly replaced by the originally adsorbed guanylurea derivatives, a slow release effect is achieved, and the number of harvested stubbles of the pea seedlings is increased. The culture medium can be recycled to adsorb nitrogenous fertilizer again, so that the cost is saved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Specifically, the instrument or compound sources or CAS numbers referred to in the following examples are as follows:
pea, Latin literature name Pisum sativum Linn, variety is green pea.
Calcium-based montmorillonite, purchased from 50 mesh from manufacturer of huge rock mineral products in Lingshui county.
Figure BDA0001924062750000043
Zeolite, available from Okinawa Gnetsu environmental protection materials Co., Ltd, 50 mesh.
Fluorescent lamp, power 18W, luminous flux 1800 lm.
Sodium hypochlorite, CAS number: 7681-52-9.
2-methyl-4-phenylbenzimidazole, CAS No.: 110179-50-5.
2-sulfonic-4-phenylbenzimidazole, CAS No.: 1027179-57-2.
Soybean, latin literature name Glycine max (Linn.) merr, soybean variety soybean.
Phaseolus vulgaris, Latin literature name Phaseolus vulgaris, and the variety is white flower-frame bean.
Chickpeas, the Latin literature name Cicer arietinum, a variety of Wush chickpeas.
N-acetyl-5 methoxytryptamine, CAS No.: 8041-44-9.
Diamine hydrogen phosphate, CAS No.: 7783-28-0.
Magnesium sulfate, CAS No.: 7487-88-9.
Figure BDA0001924062750000051
2-methyl-4-phenylbenzimidazole, CAS No.: 110179-50-5.
2-sulfonic-4-phenylbenzimidazole, CAS No.: 1027179-57-2.
Example 1
A high-yield pea seedling planting method comprises the following planting steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with the grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and rot and no deformity, wherein the average grain weight is 0.15 g;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking the screened peas in sterilizing liquid for 24 hours, and washing the peas once with distilled water with the same mass as the sterilizing liquid to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5 times of the weight of peas;
the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, a 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative and water according to a mass ratio of 0.1:0.2: 100;
the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is 2-methyl-4-phenylbenzimidazole;
(3) mixing seeds: adding soybean into sterile pea, adding 7 soybean into each 100 sterile pea to obtain mixed seed;
the soybeans were sterilized prior to incorporation by the same method as the aseptic peas obtained;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 15 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding the mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 7 days at 20 ℃ under the condition of relative humidity of 80% and keeping out of the sun, and removing soybean sprouts to obtain pea sprouts;
(5) culturing: transferring pea sprouts into a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2cm, continuously illuminating for 12 hours every day by adopting common fluorescent lamps, and culturing for 7 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% to obtain nutritional pea seedlings;
the preparation method of the culture medium comprises the steps of adding nitrogen-containing fertilizer, 30% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 25% of magnesium sulfate into water which is 1.1 times of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60 ℃ for 1 hour, and adding
Figure BDA0001924062750000061
Adding zeolite 80 wt% of the nitrogenous fertilizer, heating at 70 deg.C for 2 hr, hot sieving with 300 mesh sieve, collecting solid, and drying at 170 deg.C for 1 hr to obtain the final product;
the fertilizer containing nitrogen is
Figure BDA0001924062750000062
Example 2
A high-yield pea seedling planting method comprises the following planting steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with the grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and rot and no deformity, wherein the average grain weight is 0.15 g;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking the screened peas in sterilizing liquid for 24 hours, and washing the peas once with distilled water with the same mass as the sterilizing liquid to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5 times of the weight of peas;
the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, a 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative and water according to a mass ratio of 0.1:0.2: 100;
the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is 2-methyl-4-phenylbenzimidazole;
(3) mixing seeds: adding beans into sterile peas, wherein 7 beans are added into each 100 sterile peas to obtain mixed seeds;
the beans are sterilized prior to incorporation by the same method as the aseptic peas obtained;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 15 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding the mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 7 days at 20 ℃ under the condition of relative humidity of 80% and keeping out of the sun, and removing bean sprouts to obtain pea sprouts;
(5) culturing: transferring pea sprouts into a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2cm, continuously illuminating for 12 hours every day by adopting common fluorescent lamps, and culturing for 7 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% to obtain nutritional pea seedlings;
the preparation method of the culture medium comprises the steps of adding nitrogen-containing fertilizer, 30% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 25% of magnesium sulfate into water which is 1.1 times of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60 ℃ for 1 hour, and adding
Figure BDA0001924062750000071
Adding zeolite 80 wt% of the nitrogenous fertilizer, heating at 70 deg.C for 2 hr, hot sieving with 300 mesh sieve, collecting solid, and drying at 170 deg.C for 1 hr to obtain the final product;
the fertilizer containing nitrogen is
Figure BDA0001924062750000072
Example 3
A high-yield pea seedling planting method comprises the following planting steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with the grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and rot and no deformity, wherein the average grain weight is 0.15 g;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking the screened peas in sterilizing liquid for 24 hours, and washing the peas once with distilled water with the same mass as the sterilizing liquid to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5 times of the weight of peas;
the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, a 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative and water according to a mass ratio of 0.1:0.2: 100;
the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is 2-methyl-4-phenylbenzimidazole;
(3) mixing seeds: adding chickpeas into sterile peas, and adding 7 chickpeas into each 100 sterile peas to obtain mixed seeds;
the chickpeas were sterilized prior to incorporation using the same method as the aseptic peas obtained;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 15 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding the mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 7 days at 20 ℃ under the condition of relative humidity of 80% and keeping out of the sun, and removing chickpea sprouts to obtain pea sprouts;
(5) culturing: transferring pea sprouts into a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2cm, continuously illuminating for 12 hours every day by adopting common fluorescent lamps, and culturing for 7 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% to obtain nutritional pea seedlings;
the preparation method of the culture medium comprises the steps of adding nitrogen-containing fertilizer, 30% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 25% of magnesium sulfate into water which is 1.1 times of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60 ℃ for 1 hour, and adding
Figure BDA0001924062750000081
Adding zeolite 80 wt% of the nitrogenous fertilizer, heating at 70 deg.C for 2 hr, hot sieving with 300 mesh sieve, collecting solid, and drying at 170 deg.C for 1 hr to obtain the final product;
the fertilizer containing nitrogen is
Figure BDA0001924062750000082
Example 4
A high-yield pea seedling planting method comprises the following planting steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with the grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and rot and no deformity, wherein the average grain weight is 0.15 g;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking the screened peas in sterilizing liquid for 24 hours, and washing the peas once with distilled water with the same mass as the sterilizing liquid to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5 times of the weight of peas;
the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, a 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative and water according to a mass ratio of 0.1:0.2: 100;
the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is 2-methyl-4-phenylbenzimidazole;
(3) mixing seeds: adding chickpeas into sterile peas, and adding 7 chickpeas into each 100 sterile peas to obtain mixed seeds;
the chickpeas were sterilized prior to incorporation using the same method as the aseptic peas obtained;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 15 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding the mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 7 days at 20 ℃ under the condition of relative humidity of 80% and keeping out of the sun, and removing chickpea sprouts to obtain pea sprouts;
(5) culturing: transferring pea sprouts into a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2cm, continuously illuminating for 12 hours every day by adopting common fluorescent lamps, and culturing for 7 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% to obtain nutritional pea seedlings;
adding a nitrogen-containing fertilizer, 30% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 25% of magnesium sulfate into water which is 1.1 times of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60 ℃ for 1 hour, adding calcium-based montmorillonite, wherein the adding amount of the calcium-based montmorillonite is 80% of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve while the calcium-based montmorillonite is hot, taking the solid, and drying at 170 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the culture medium;
the fertilizer containing nitrogen is
Figure BDA0001924062750000091
Example 5
A high-yield pea seedling planting method comprises the following planting steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with the grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and rot and no deformity, wherein the average grain weight is 0.15 g;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking the screened peas in sterilizing liquid for 24 hours, and washing the peas once with distilled water with the same mass as the sterilizing liquid to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5 times of the weight of peas;
the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, a 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative and water according to a mass ratio of 0.1:0.2: 100;
the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is 2-methyl-4-phenylbenzimidazole;
(3) mixing seeds: adding chickpeas into sterile peas, and adding 7 chickpeas into each 100 sterile peas to obtain mixed seeds;
the chickpeas were sterilized prior to incorporation using the same method as the aseptic peas obtained;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 15 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding the mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 7 days at 20 ℃ under the condition of relative humidity of 80% and keeping out of the sun, and removing chickpea sprouts to obtain pea sprouts;
(5) culturing: transferring pea sprouts into a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2cm, continuously illuminating for 12 hours every day by adopting common fluorescent lamps, and culturing for 7 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% to obtain nutritional pea seedlings;
adding a nitrogen-containing fertilizer, 30% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 25% of magnesium sulfate into water which is 1.1 times of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60 ℃ for 1 hour, adding aluminosilicate with the addition amount being 80% of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, hot-filtering through a 300-mesh sieve, taking solid, and drying at 170 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the culture medium;
the fertilizer containing nitrogen is
Figure BDA0001924062750000101
Said aluminosilicate being
Figure BDA0001924062750000102
The mass ratio of zeolite to calcium-based montmorillonite is 2.5:1And (3) an aluminosilicate.
Example 6
A high-yield pea seedling planting method comprises the following planting steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with the grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and rot and no deformity, wherein the average grain weight is 0.15 g;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking the screened peas in sterilizing liquid for 24 hours, and washing the peas once with distilled water with the same mass as the sterilizing liquid to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5 times of the weight of peas;
the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, a 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative and water according to a mass ratio of 0.1:0.2: 100;
the structural formula of the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is as follows:
Figure BDA0001924062750000103
(3) mixing seeds: adding chickpeas into sterile peas, and adding 7 chickpeas into each 100 sterile peas to obtain mixed seeds;
the chickpeas were sterilized prior to incorporation using the same method as the aseptic peas obtained;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 15 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding the mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 7 days at 20 ℃ under the condition of relative humidity of 80% and keeping out of the sun, and removing chickpea sprouts to obtain pea sprouts;
(5) culturing: transferring pea sprouts into a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2cm, continuously illuminating for 12 hours every day by adopting common fluorescent lamps, and culturing for 7 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% to obtain nutritional pea seedlings;
adding a nitrogen-containing fertilizer, 30% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 25% of magnesium sulfate into water which is 1.1 times of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60 ℃ for 1 hour, adding aluminosilicate with the addition amount being 80% of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, hot-filtering through a 300-mesh sieve, taking solid, and drying at 170 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the culture medium;
the fertilizer containing nitrogen is
Figure BDA0001924062750000111
Said aluminosilicate being
Figure BDA0001924062750000112
The mass ratio of zeolite to calcium-based montmorillonite is 2.5: 1.
Example 7
A high-yield pea seedling planting method comprises the following planting steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with the grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and rot and no deformity, wherein the average grain weight is 0.15 g;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking the screened peas in sterilizing liquid for 24 hours, and washing the peas once with distilled water with the same mass as the sterilizing liquid to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5 times of the weight of peas;
the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, a 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative and water according to a mass ratio of 0.1:0.2: 100;
the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is as follows: 2-sulfo-4-phenylbenzimidazole;
(3) mixing seeds: adding chickpeas into sterile peas, and adding 7 chickpeas into each 100 sterile peas to obtain mixed seeds;
the chickpeas were sterilized prior to incorporation using the same method as the aseptic peas obtained;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 15 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding the mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 7 days at 20 ℃ under the condition of relative humidity of 80% and keeping out of the sun, and removing chickpea sprouts to obtain pea sprouts;
(5) culturing: transferring pea sprouts into a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2cm, continuously illuminating for 12 hours every day by adopting common fluorescent lamps, and culturing for 7 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% to obtain nutritional pea seedlings;
adding a nitrogen-containing fertilizer, 30% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 25% of magnesium sulfate into water which is 1.1 times of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60 ℃ for 1 hour, adding aluminosilicate with the addition amount being 80% of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, hot-filtering through a 300-mesh sieve, taking solid, and drying at 170 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the culture medium;
the fertilizer containing nitrogen is
Figure BDA0001924062750000121
Said aluminosilicate being
Figure BDA0001924062750000122
The mass ratio of zeolite to calcium-based montmorillonite is 2.5: 1.
Test example 1
Statistics of germination rate
For each 1000 pea seedlings planted according to the method of examples 1-7, the sprouting rates of three, five and seven crops were counted. The pea seedlings are still cultured for 5 days according to the original conditions after being harvested, and the pea seedlings are considered to be not germinated if the height of the germinated pea seedlings is less than 5cm or the pea seedlings are not germinated within 5 days, and the pea seedlings are removed. The counting base number is 1000 when the germination rate is calculated.
The statistical results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 sprouting Rate
Germination percentage in three crops (%) Bud ratio in the fifth crop (%) Bud ratio in seven crops (%)
Example 1 95.4 65.4 42.6
Example 2 96.3 66.2 45.9
Example 3 97.0 73.9 55.0
Example 4 97.7 73.5 54.4
Example 5 98.8 80.7 68.4
Example 6 99.3 82.5 71.5
Example 7 99.4 84.3 79.5
As can be seen from the above table, the pea seedling planting method provided by the invention has a high sprouting rate, the conventional planting method generally can only produce one crop, and the more advanced method in the prior art generally produces three crops, but the method provided by the invention generally can produce five crops, and at most 77.5% of the crops can produce seven crops, which is far beyond the prior art.
Test example 2
Determination of pea seedling total phenol content
The total phenol content of the pea seedlings cultivated in the examples 1 to 7 is measured by Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry.
The test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Total phenol content
Total phenol content (mg/g)
Example 1 686.4
Example 2 692.3
Example 3 725.3
Example 4 739.0
Example 5 794.8
Example 6 812.9
Example 7 846.2
As can be seen from the table, the pea seedlings planted by the pea seedling planting method provided by the invention have good nutritional value, and the total phenol content is more than 650 mg/g. Wherein the planting method provided by the embodiment 7 is particularly optimal, and the total phenol content of the obtained first crop pea seedlings can be as high as 846.2 mg/g.

Claims (7)

1. The high-yield pea seedling planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and no deformity;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking peas in the sterilizing solution for 24-36 hours, and washing the peas once with water to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5-10 times of the weight of peas;
the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivatives and water according to the mass ratio of (0.05-0.3) to (0.05-0.4) to 100;
the structural formula of the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is as follows:
Figure FDA0002770719980000011
wherein R ═ methyl, hydroxyl, or sulfonic acid groups;
(3) mixing seeds: adding seeds of Papilionaceae plants except semen Pisi Sativi into sterile semen Pisi Sativi, and adding 5-10 seeds of Papilionaceae plants except semen Pisi Sativi into each 100 sterile semen Pisi Sativi to obtain mixed seeds;
the seeds of the Papilionaceae plant except peas are sterilized before incorporation by the same method as that used to obtain sterile peas;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 10-30 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 2-10 days at 20-25 ℃ and relative humidity of 75-85% in a dark condition, and removing buds of Papilionaceae plants except peas to obtain pea buds;
(5) culturing: transferring the pea sprouts to a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, and culturing for 5-12 days to obtain nutritional pea seedlings;
the culture medium preparation raw materials comprise aluminosilicate and a nitrogen-containing fertilizer;
the aluminosilicate is montmorillonite or zeolite or a mixture of the montmorillonite and the zeolite in any proportion;
the nitrogen-containing fertilizer is a guanylurea derivative.
2. The method for growing high yield pea seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the seeds of Papilionoideae plants other than peas are any one of kidney beans, chickpeas and soybeans.
3. The method for planting high-yield pea seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium is prepared by adding a nitrogen-containing fertilizer, an inorganic phosphate 20-50% of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer and magnesium sulfate 20-50% of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer into water 1-1.2 times of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 50-60 ℃ for 1-2 hours, adding aluminosilicate in an amount of 70-90% of the mass of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60-80 ℃ for 2-3 hours, filtering while hot, taking out solids, and drying at 150-.
4. The method for growing high yielding pea seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the guanylurea derivative has the following structural formula:
Figure FDA0002770719980000021
5. the method for growing high yielding pea seedlings according to claim 3, wherein the inorganic phosphate is ammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate.
6. The high-yield pea seedling planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) screening seeds: screening peas with the grain weight of 0.12-0.20g, no worm damage, no broken residue, no mildew and rot and no deformity, wherein the average grain weight is 0.15 g;
(2) sterilizing, namely soaking the screened peas in sterilizing liquid for 24 hours, and washing the peas once with distilled water with the same mass as the sterilizing liquid to obtain sterile peas;
the using amount of the sterilizing liquid is 5 times of the weight of peas;
the sterilizing liquid is prepared by mixing sodium hypochlorite, a 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative and water according to a mass ratio of 0.1:0.2: 100;
the 4-phenylbenzimidazole derivative is as follows: 2-sulfo-4-phenylbenzimidazole;
(3) mixing seeds: adding chickpeas into sterile peas, and adding 7 chickpeas into each 100 sterile peas to obtain mixed seeds;
the chickpeas were sterilized prior to incorporation using the same method as the aseptic peas obtained;
(4) accelerating germination: preparing 15 mu mol/L N-acetyl-5 methoxyl tryptamine aqueous solution, adding the mixed seeds, spreading all the seeds without overlapping, germinating for 7 days at 20 ℃ under the condition of relative humidity of 80% and keeping out of the sun, and removing chickpea sprouts to obtain pea sprouts;
(5) culturing: transferring pea sprouts into a seedling raising tray containing a culture medium, wherein the thickness of the culture medium is 2cm, continuously illuminating for 12 hours every day by adopting common fluorescent lamps, and culturing for 7 days at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 60% to obtain nutritional pea seedlings;
adding a nitrogen-containing fertilizer, 30% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 25% of magnesium sulfate into water which is 1.1 times of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 60 ℃ for 1 hour, adding aluminosilicate with the addition amount being 80% of the nitrogen-containing fertilizer, heating at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, hot-filtering through a 300-mesh sieve, taking solid, and drying at 170 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the culture medium;
the fertilizer containing nitrogen is
Figure FDA0002770719980000031
Said aluminosilicate being
Figure FDA0002770719980000032
The mass ratio of zeolite to calcium-based montmorillonite is 2.5: 1.
7. A vegetative pea seedling obtained by the method for growing high yielding pea seedling according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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