CN109566370A - A kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566370A CN109566370A CN201811269119.3A CN201811269119A CN109566370A CN 109566370 A CN109566370 A CN 109566370A CN 201811269119 A CN201811269119 A CN 201811269119A CN 109566370 A CN109566370 A CN 109566370A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods that tomato seedling is cultivated using rock wool, it is culture substrate that the nurturing period of entire tomato seedling, which is all made of mineral wool block, seedling is handled using Low Concentration NaCl+aqueous trehalose, achieve the purpose that maintain the ionic equilibrium in Seedlings Cell, to improve tomato seedling root system to various Nutrient Absorptions, the vigor of tomato seedling root system is improved, has established nutrition and material conditions for tomato normal growth;Using delay light compensation method during tomato seedling, root structure and root activity obviously increase, promote the growth strong sprout of seedling, finally improve yield.The breeding method of tomato seedling of the present invention also has the advantage that can reduce disease disease incidence with that can effectively improve except tomato plant growing way, yield and water and fertilizer utilization rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of plantation side that tomato seedling is cultivated using rock wool
Method.
Background technique
Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill), nutritive value is high, carrotene rich in, B
Family vitamin and vitamin C, person " fruit in vegetables ".With its delicious flavour, sweet and sour taste, depth full of nutrition is liked by everybody
Love, is one of highest crop of world's annual output, also occupies importantly in China's facility cultivation vegetable cultivation production and supply
Position.Tomato carrotene rich in, B family vitamin and vitamin C, ascorbic content are highest in vegetables.So
And since the tomato grower of traditional cultivation blindly pursues high yield under the driving of economic interests, it is excessive in process of production to throw
Enter chemical fertilizer and pesticide, lead to tomato yield and quality decline, pesticide residue is serious.
Rock wool is ironed by diabase, lime stone and coke mixture high temperature melts rear spinneret and suppresses, and has C/N and cation
The low feature of exchange capacity, belongs to inert base.As cultivation matrix, other learn that property is stable, physical behaviorization is good, quality to rock wool
Gently, smaller, good permeability is influenced on root zone nutrient, it is considered to be current best one of cultivation matrix.
Compared with soil cultivation, substrate culture is with planting environment is small, root zone liquid manure content is extremely limited, buffer capacity is low
The features such as, the above feature makes substrate culture that need to meet the growth of crop by the continuous supply of nutrient solution.But because of nutrient solution
Nutrient supply and crop liquid manure absorb not quite identical, so that some ions are understood in cultivation system after cultivate a period of time
Accumulation or consumption, cause nutrient accumulation (EC) and ion ratio it is unbalance.High EC value will lead to crop nutrition content absorption and be pressed down
The decline of system and yield, wherein it is the most obvious to absorb suppression by Ca, causes the missing of plant Ca, and suitable Cl-Not only not
It will lead to the reduction of crop yield, it is also possible to promote the absorption of the absorption of each nutrient, especially Ca.Therefore, it is planted in rock wool matrix
Appropriate raising Cl can be used in cultivation nutrient fluid formula-Content is alleviated because high EC value causes Nutrient Absorption to be suppressed.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, tomato seedling is cultivated using rock wool the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Implantation methods improve the growth of tomato seedling root system, promote the growth of tomato seedling.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool, specific implantation methods are as follows:
(1) presprouting of seeds: by tomato seeds vernalization after boiling hot kind of high temperature, when 80% or more tomato seeds show money or valuables one carries unintentionally i.e.
It can sow;
(2) sow: before sowing, the pancebrin using EC 1.8-2.0mS/cm and pH in 6.2-6.8 is impregnated with mineral wool block,
When sowing, seed is transferred in fritter rock wool plug, and covers the coco bran and turf vermiculite of a thickness 0.4-0.8cm on surface,
Non-textile mulch is used again;
It maintains rock wool substrate temperature at 18-25 DEG C later, uses within every 4-7 days 0.8 ‰ -1.2 ‰ NaCl solution watering one
It is secondary, keep rock wool soil humidity in 75%-85%, until Growth of Tomato Seedling is unfolded to cotyledon;
The sodium alginate soln of 0.2%-0.6% is added in 0.8 ‰ -1.2 ‰ NaCl solution;
(3) seedling replanting is cultivated:
Before transplanting, it is impregnated with nursery mineral wool block with the tomato seedling pancebrin of EC 2.0-2.3mS/cm and pH 6.0-6.5,
Fritter rock wool plug is transferred in the hole of mineral wool block together with tomato seedling, and uses the above-mentioned remaining nutrition of immersion mineral wool block
Liquid pours, and is gently sealed with half-dried detritus cotton;
Mineral wool block is placed in gradient on the seedling bed of 1-2% during nursery, is placed in greenhouse, is set above seedling bed
Light compensating lamp is set, light compensating lamp is arranged in apart from tomato seedling vertical height at the position of 0.2-0.4m, using morning and evening delay light filling
The method of 5-7h, lighting time select the light filling mode of morning 2-3h/ evening 3-4h, and cultivation has just broken through mineral wool block bottom to seedlings root
Portion;
Keep rock wool substrate temperature at 22-26 DEG C, 24-26 DEG C of solution temperature, rock wool water content of substrate 55%-75%;
(4) field planting: above-mentioned mineral wool block is colonized on the rock cotton sliver after control water is impregnated in punching, and pours one times of dilution
Nutrient solution, in rock cotton sliver surrounding outsourcing layer of polyethylene film, by rock cotton sliver directly be placed in leveling after greenhouse floor on,
Light compensating lamp is set above every row rock cotton sliver, using the light filling mode for extending night light application time, lighting time 2-5h, at night
Between discontinuous light filling mode is used between 19:00-24:00;
One layer of reflective membrane of laying, makes full use of reflection source on greenhouse floor;
Rock cotton sliver line-spacing on 1.2-1.5m, every rock cotton sliver tomato seedling spacing in the rows in 30-40cm, growth of seedling to 4 leaves 1
Routine Management plantation can be carried out when the heart.
Further, nursery rock wool block specifications described in step (2) are (8-12) cm × (8-12) cm.
Further, nursery rock wool block specifications described in step (2) are 10cm × 10cm.
Further, the rock cotton sliver size is in 100cm*25cm* (7-10) cm;Punch size and nursery rock wool block size
Identical, spacing distance is consistent with tomato seedling spacing in the rows.
Further, light filling LED plant growing light supplement lamp, power 8-15W.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
It is culture substrate that the entire nurturing period of tomato seedling of the present invention, which is all made of mineral wool block, is used at tomato seedling initial stage
Low Concentration NaCl Solution carries out less salt Stress treatment to seedling, promotes tomato seedling to Ca2+Absorption, reach maintain seedling it is thin
The purpose of ionic equilibrium intracellular, to improve tomato seedling root system to various Nutrient Absorptions, while it is effectively slow to add trehalose
Salt stress is solved to the inhibiting effect of Growth of Tomato Seedling, improves the vigor of tomato seedling root system, is established for tomato normal growth
Nutrition and material conditions;Tomato be light vegetables, therefore illumination play the role of in tomato cultivation it is critical, therefore this
Invention is using delay light compensation method during tomato seedling, and root structure and root activity obviously increase, when extending morning and evening light filling
Long light filling mode can effectively improve the growth of leaf area, to intercept and capture more luminous energy, promote the growth strong sprout of seedling, most
Yield is improved eventually.The breeding method of tomato seedling of the present invention is utilized with that can effectively improve tomato plant growing way, yield and liquid manure
Except rate, also there is the advantage that can reduce disease disease incidence.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool, specific implantation methods are as follows:
(1) presprouting of seeds: by tomato seeds vernalization after boiling hot kind of high temperature, when 80% or more tomato seeds show money or valuables one carries unintentionally i.e.
It can sow;
(2) it sows: before sowing, being impregnated with mineral wool block in 6.3 pancebrin using EC 2.0mS/cm and pH, it, will when sowing
Seed is transferred in fritter rock wool plug, and covers the coco bran and turf vermiculite of a thickness 0.5cm on surface, then covered with non-woven fabrics
Lid;
It maintains rock wool substrate temperature at 23 DEG C later, is watered using 1.0 ‰ NaCl solution within every 4-7 days primary, keep rock
Cotton substrate humidity is 85%, until Growth of Tomato Seedling is unfolded to cotyledon;
The sodium alginate soln of addition 0.3% in described 1.0 ‰ NaCl solution;
(3) seedling replanting is cultivated:
Nursery rock wool block specifications are 10cm × 10cm, before transplanting, are sought entirely with the tomato seedling of EC 2.2mS/cm and pH 6.2
Nutrient solution is impregnated with nursery mineral wool block, and fritter rock wool plug is transferred in the hole of mineral wool block together with tomato seedling, and using above-mentioned
It impregnates the remaining nutrient solution of mineral wool block to pour, and is gently sealed with half-dried detritus cotton;
Mineral wool block is placed in gradient on 1% seedling bed during nursery, is placed in greenhouse, is arranged above seedling bed
Light compensating lamp, light compensating lamp are arranged in apart from tomato seedling vertical height at the position of 0.3m, using the side of morning and evening delay light filling 6h
Method, lighting time select the light filling mode in 5 points to 7 points of morning, 19 points to 23 points of evening, cultivate to seedlings root and just break through rock
Cotton block bottom;
Keep rock wool substrate temperature at 25 DEG C, 26 DEG C of solution temperature, rock wool water content of substrate 70%;
(4) field planting: above-mentioned mineral wool block is colonized on the rock cotton sliver after control water is impregnated in punching, and pours one times of dilution
Nutrient solution, in rock cotton sliver surrounding outsourcing layer of polyethylene film, by rock cotton sliver directly be placed in leveling after greenhouse floor on,
Light compensating lamp is set above every row rock cotton sliver, using the light filling mode for extending night light application time, lighting time 3h, at night
Discontinuous light filling mode is used between 19:00-24:00;
One layer of reflective membrane of laying, makes full use of reflection source on greenhouse floor;
Rock cotton sliver line-spacing on 1.3m, every rock cotton sliver tomato seedling spacing in the rows in 35cm, growth of seedling to 41 heart of leaf
It can carry out Routine Management plantation;The rock cotton sliver size punches size and nursery rock wool block size phase in 100cm*25cm*8cm
Together, spacing distance is consistent with tomato seedling spacing in the rows.
Further, light filling LED plant growing light supplement lamp, power 8-15W.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool, specific implantation methods are as follows:
(1) presprouting of seeds: by tomato seeds vernalization after boiling hot kind of high temperature, when 80% or more tomato seeds show money or valuables one carries unintentionally i.e.
It can sow;
(2) it sows: before sowing, being impregnated with mineral wool block in 6.3 pancebrin using EC 2.0mS/cm and pH, it, will when sowing
Seed is transferred in fritter rock wool plug, and covers the coco bran and turf vermiculite of a thickness 0.5cm on surface, then covered with non-woven fabrics
Lid;
It maintains rock wool substrate temperature at 23 DEG C later, is watered within every 4-7 days primary, kept using 0.8 ‰ ‰ NaCl solution
Rock wool soil humidity is 85%, until Growth of Tomato Seedling is unfolded to cotyledon;
The sodium alginate soln of addition 0.4% in described 0.8 ‰ NaCl solution;
(3) seedling replanting is cultivated:
Nursery rock wool block specifications are 10cm × 10cm, before transplanting, are sought entirely with the tomato seedling of EC 2.3mS/cm and pH 6.3
Nutrient solution is impregnated with nursery mineral wool block, and fritter rock wool plug is transferred in the hole of mineral wool block together with tomato seedling, and using above-mentioned
It impregnates the remaining nutrient solution of mineral wool block to pour, and is gently sealed with half-dried detritus cotton;
Mineral wool block is placed in gradient on 1% seedling bed during nursery, is placed in greenhouse, is arranged above seedling bed
Light compensating lamp, light compensating lamp are arranged in apart from tomato seedling vertical height at the position of 0.3m, using the side of morning and evening delay light filling 7h
Method, lighting time select the light filling mode of morning 3h/ evening 4h, and cultivation has just broken through mineral wool block bottom to seedlings root;
Keep rock wool substrate temperature at 25 DEG C, 26 DEG C of solution temperature, rock wool water content of substrate 70%;
(4) field planting: above-mentioned mineral wool block is colonized on the rock cotton sliver after control water is impregnated in punching, and pours one times of dilution
Nutrient solution, in rock cotton sliver surrounding outsourcing layer of polyethylene film, by rock cotton sliver directly be placed in leveling after greenhouse floor on,
Light compensating lamp is set above every row rock cotton sliver, using the light filling mode for extending night light application time, lighting time 4h, at night
Discontinuous light filling mode is used between 19:00-24:00;
One layer of reflective membrane of laying, makes full use of reflection source on greenhouse floor;
Rock cotton sliver line-spacing tomato seedling spacing in the rows on 1.3m, every rock cotton sliver exists in 35cm, the rock cotton sliver size
100cm*25cm*8cm;Punching size is identical as nursery rock wool block size, and spacing distance is consistent with tomato seedling spacing in the rows;Children
Seedling can carry out Routine Management plantation when growing to 41 heart of leaf.
Further, light filling LED plant growing light supplement lamp, power 8-15W.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool, which is characterized in that specific implantation methods are as follows:
(1) presprouting of seeds: tomato seeds vernalization after boiling hot kind of high temperature can be broadcast when 80% or more tomato seeds show money or valuables one carries unintentionally
Kind;
(2) it sows: before sowing, being impregnated with mineral wool block in the pancebrin of 6.2-6.8 using EC 1.8-2.0mS/cm and pH, sow
When, seed is transferred in fritter rock wool plug, and cover the coco bran and turf vermiculite of a thickness 0.4-0.8cm on surface, then use
Non-textile mulch;
It maintains rock wool substrate temperature at 18-25 DEG C later, is watered within every 4-7 days primary, protected using 0.8 ‰ -1.2 ‰ NaCl solution
Rock wool soil humidity is held in 75%-85%, until Growth of Tomato Seedling is unfolded to cotyledon;
The sodium alginate soln of 0.2%-0.6% is added in 0.8 ‰ -1.2 ‰ NaCl solution;
(3) seedling replanting is cultivated:
Before transplanting, it is impregnated with nursery mineral wool block with the tomato seedling pancebrin of EC 2.0-2.3mS/cm and pH 6.0-6.5, it will be small
Block rock wool plug is transferred to together in the hole of mineral wool block with tomato seedling, and is poured using the above-mentioned remaining nutrient solution of immersion mineral wool block
It fills, and is gently sealed with half-dried detritus cotton;
Mineral wool block is placed in gradient on the seedling bed of 1-2% during nursery, is placed in greenhouse, is arranged above seedling bed and mends
Light lamp, light compensating lamp are arranged in apart from tomato seedling vertical height at the position of 0.2-0.4m, using morning and evening delay light filling 5-7h
Method, lighting time select morning 2-3h/ evening 3-4h light filling mode, cultivate mineral wool block bottom has just been broken through to seedlings root;
Keep rock wool substrate temperature at 22-26 DEG C, 24-26 DEG C of solution temperature, rock wool water content of substrate 55%-75%;
(4) field planting: above-mentioned mineral wool block is colonized on the rock cotton sliver after control water is impregnated in punching, and pours the battalion of one times of dilution
Nutrient solution, in rock cotton sliver surrounding outsourcing layer of polyethylene film, on the greenhouse floor after rock cotton sliver to be directly placed in leveling, every
Light compensating lamp is set above row rock cotton sliver, using the light filling mode for extending night light application time, lighting time 2-5h, at night
Discontinuous light filling mode is used between 19:00-24:00;
One layer of reflective membrane of laying, makes full use of reflection source on greenhouse floor;
Rock cotton sliver line-spacing on 1.2-1.5m, every rock cotton sliver tomato seedling spacing in the rows in 30-40cm, growth of seedling to 41 heart of leaf
It can carry out Routine Management plantation.
2. a kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) block specifications of nursery rock wool described in are (8-12) cm × (8-12) cm.
3. a kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step
(2) block specifications of nursery rock wool described in are 10cm × 10cm.
4. a kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that institute
Rock cotton sliver size is stated in 100cm*25cm* (7-10) cm;It is identical as nursery rock wool block size to punch size, spacing distance and tomato
Seedling spacing in the rows is consistent.
5. a kind of implantation methods for cultivating tomato seedling using rock wool according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the benefit
Light LED plant growing light supplement lamp, power 8-15W.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109997670A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 关家祥 | A kind of rock wool plantation tomato method |
CN113748969A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-12-07 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | Method for cultivating strawberries by using waste rock wool |
CN113841584A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-12-28 | 盛和深 | Rock wool substrate for planting and preparation method thereof |
CN114885956A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-12 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Bare-grown control method for tomato plug seedlings |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109997670A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 关家祥 | A kind of rock wool plantation tomato method |
CN113841584A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-12-28 | 盛和深 | Rock wool substrate for planting and preparation method thereof |
CN113748969A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-12-07 | 苏州农业职业技术学院 | Method for cultivating strawberries by using waste rock wool |
CN114885956A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-12 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Bare-grown control method for tomato plug seedlings |
CN114885956B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-06-09 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Free growth control method for tomato plug seedlings |
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