CN109566315A - A kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material - Google Patents
A kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566315A CN109566315A CN201910054979.3A CN201910054979A CN109566315A CN 109566315 A CN109566315 A CN 109566315A CN 201910054979 A CN201910054979 A CN 201910054979A CN 109566315 A CN109566315 A CN 109566315A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of full films of medicinal material to carry out dry kind of lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out, belong to Chinese medicine planting technology field, solve traditional cultivation method (transplant, broadcast sowing, drilling), keeping a full stand of seedings, difficult, recruitment is big, at high cost, low output, the problem that interests are low, risk is high, and technical points include: selection of land；Site preparation, subsoiling, essence are flat；Broadcast application, rotary tillage, closing weeding；Overlay film；The plantation step of sowing and watering; have the characteristics that at low cost, high-efficient, volume increase, improve quality; it ensure that the germination percentage and planting percent of seed; convenient for standardized management; save cost; improve yield; kind of wet technology out is done by adjusting the stability of field soil temperature, humidity and depth; reduce because of the influence that cooling or dust storm emerge to Radix Glycyrrhizae suddenly; application rate is determined by irrigation volume; prevent before plantation and water resource protects farmland and environment to the adverse effect of Radix Glycyrrhizae insemination and emergence after plantation, has saved water resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine planting technology fields, are specifically related to a kind of complete dry kind of film shoe lid wet bunch planting increasing out of medicinal material
Production method.
Background technique
Since we belong to northwest drought, semiarid zone, water resource is limited, and climatic environment is poor, long-term dust storm, to medicinal herb grower
For be very scabrous problem, original traditional cultivation method (transplant, broadcast sowing, drilling), difficulty of keeping a full stand of seedings, recruitment is big, at high cost, produces
Measure low, interests are low, and risk is high.
It is continuous by many years for the implantation methods found out by the Radix Glycyrrhizae of many decades, Radix Astragali, Radix Isatidis plantation
It explores, study, is planted using full film earthing bunch planting technology, full film earthing bunch planting is one with film surface sowing cave collection rain, complete
The efficient drought-resistant agriculture new technology that ground overlay film inhibits soil water evaporation, makes full use of sunlight-heat reaources, can effectively solve nonirrigated farmland
The problem of crop growth period water shortage and low output and shakiness thoroughly solves traditional covering with ground sheeting and is easy to appear sowing cave and seedling
Dislocation, the problems such as artificial seedling setting is time-consuming, later period high temperature stress causes early ageing, and stubble multiple cropping thereafter has and improves multiple cropping and refer to
Number reduces mu cost investment, and earthing extends mulch service life and reduces the soil moisture on film, and full-film covering mulch is overcome to throw
Enter big, the seriously polluted problem of waste film, achievees the effect that no-tillage, abridged edition, synergy, green cultivation.
For this purpose, providing a kind of completely new cropping pattern, that is, dry kind it is wet go out a bunch planting, also cry that " full-film covering is done kind wet
Bunch planting out ", it is intended to solve the problems, such as it is traditional transplant, broadcast sowing, drilling exists.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet cave out of medicinal material
Method for increasing is broadcast, to solve the problems in above-mentioned background technique.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material, is suitable for seed kind medicinal material (Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Astragali, Radix Isatidis
Deng) dry kind it is wet go out a bunch planting, plantation step is as follows:
Step 1: selection of land
, soil property meta-alkali (pH value 7.5-8.5) unobstructed using irrigation and drainage, soil property are partially husky (preferably to select the calcium soil of upper husky lower earth
Earth), without perennial root ruderal, soil thickness is greater than 1 meter, and level of ground water is relatively deep, drop is smaller, land area is greater than 2 mu of region
As planting base.
Step 2: site preparation, subsoiling, essence are flat
Site preparation will reach the six word standards of " deep, saturating, thin, flat, reality, foot "；
Subsoiling depth is greater than 40cm；
Essence is flat to require drop to be less than 8cm.
That is: plough deeply plot, ploughed depth finely harrows a kind of farm tools, leveling earth in 40cm or more, and drop is less than 8cm, it is upper it is empty under
Real, soil moisture content is good.
Step 3: broadcast application, rotary tillage, closing weeding
Ground is revolved to the soil of fertilizer rotary cultivator was spread, 5-10 centimeter of depth, it is desirable that the depth is consistent, earth's surface fine flour, stirs
Uniformly, it suppresses at any time, prevents the loss of moisture.Accomplish " neat, flat, loose, broken, moisture in the soil, net " six word standards, it may be assumed that soil is neat, site preparation is smooth,
Soil is soft, clods breaking is abundant, soil moisture content is good, completely without weeds, without root stubble.
Step 4: overlay film
Black film mulching, black mulch film is 145 centimeters wide, 6.5 kgs/acre of mulch dosage of (black film national standard).
Using film-laying machine plastic film mulch, it is desirable that the film surface of mulch is smooth and close proximity to ground, mechanical planting are to sow in overlay film.
Step 5: sowing
Artificial seeding: when temperature reaches 15 DEG C or more, continuous 5 days stabilizations of the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of depth are at 10 DEG C or more, i.e.,
It can be sowed.
Application rate, seeding row spacing and depth of planting plant standard according to different medicinal material seeds and are adjusted that (for example Radix Glycyrrhizae need to be broadcast
Ten rows, the dedicated hill-drop drill of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 13 centimeters of line-spacing, 12 centimeters of spacing in the rows.Depth of planting: 1.5-2 centimeters).
Mechanical planting: being sowed using Special sowing machinery, sowed according to technical indicator, cannot be neglected and be neglected slowly fastly, prevent seed
It takes ground out of, mulch is tensed, is pressed sternly, prevent seed and mulch opening dystopy；Earthing will press against mulch on film, prevent big
Wind is swept.
Step 6: watering
Flood irrigation: it is irrigated according to the water requirement of different medicinal materials plot has been sowed.By taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example: sandy loam Field of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Water requirement is 100-120m3/ mu, watering can not be too thick, prevent after germination that moisture is excessive to cause seedling dead, can not also pour
Too thin, the slightly higher region moisture of topography not enough causes seed that can not germinate.
Covering membrane and drop irrigation a: film two pipe or three pipes, it may be assumed that two drip irrigation pipelines of setting or three drip irrigation pipelines in same overlay film；
3.5-4.0 atmospheric pressure of stem pressure carries out trickle irrigation, and water is using different medicinal materials, different soil property water requirements as standard.
A kind of complete dry kind of film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing the answering in seed kind medicinal material bunch planting out of medicinal material as described above
With.
In conclusion the comparison of dry kind of full-film covering of the invention wet bunch planting technology out and traditional cropping pattern
(by taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example), has the advantages that
1, cost:
1) seed costs: 3.5--5 kgs/acre of seed needed for Radix Glycyrrhizae tradition is planted.And dry kind wet goes out only to need 2.0--2.6 public
Pound/acre；500 yuan of cost are saved per acre.
2) cost of labor: traditional cropping pattern plantation process is cumbersome, and Reusability is artificial in planting process, artificial to invest
It is very big.And the dry kind of wet artificial usage amount of planting technology out is few, saves cost.
3) final-period management cost: dry kind of full-film covering wet technology out has moisturizing, temperature raising, pressure alkali, pressure grass, improves chemical fertilizer
Utilization rate reduces later period irrigation amount, reduces later period weeds quantity, fundamentally reduces Cultivate administration cost.
2, efficiency: full-film covering is the circulation of reflecting medium for light and for fuel factor using mulch, improves the photosynthetic work of medicinal material
With, inhibit the evaporation of soil moisture to the maximum extent, ensure that the water demand of medicinal material growth period, play suppression steam subtract
The effect of consumption, saving water, resisting drought, to substantially increase rainwater harvesting effect and soil moisture conservation, heat effect.
3, quality:
1) percentage of seedgermination, planting percent: due to dry kind of full-film covering it is wet go out a technology solve during plantation because of environmental change
It is caused to be artificially difficult to control " three degree " (temperature, humidity, depth).1. original soil moisture is improved 5 DEG C or more, on the one hand
The germination percentage that ensure that seed promotes germination percentage to 85% or more.On the other hand it is advanced by planting season, extends plant growth
Phase improves crop yield.2. the wet technology out of dry kind of full-film covering reduces the evaporation capacity of soil moisture, it can guarantee that seed is broadcast
There is stable humidity in 15 days after kind watering, so that seed is had the sufficient time to absorb water, expand, germinate, emerge, stable is wet
Degree and temperature ensure that the germination percentage and planting percent of seed.
2) uniformity emerged: the seed crop of traditional planting models plantation is deep mixed, in the field management in seeding stage
On have inconvenience, finally emergence is uneven, Some seeds due to sow it is too deep can not emerge, affect the final yield of crop
And quality.Dry kind of full-film covering wet technology out fundamentally solves the problems, such as seed sprouting uniformity, unified depth, temperature
Degree, humidity ensure that the seedling amount of whole block.And it is convenient for standardized management, save cost.
4, yield: dry kind of full-film covering wet technology out is beaten by improving planting percent, neat healthy and strong seedling for high crop yield
Solid foundation is descended.(such as Radix Glycyrrhizae is with conventional method, after planting per mu yield is 800-1200Kg, use dry kind it is wet go out side
Method per mu yield in 2017 is 1400-1780Kg, and per mu yield in 2018 reaches 1700-2400Kg).
5, risk (by exogenous influence degree)
Dry kind of full-film covering wet technology out reduces the influence because of weather, environmental factor to Radix Glycyrrhizae seedling growth.Dry kind wet
Technology reduces by adjusting the stability of field soil temperature, humidity and depth because cooling or dust storm go out Radix Glycyrrhizae suddenly out
The influence of seedling.
Since dry kind of wet technology out is watered in sowing, application rate is determined by irrigation volume, has prevented to plant preceding and plantation
Adverse effect of the water resource to Radix Glycyrrhizae insemination and emergence afterwards.
6, environmental protection and water resource saving
1) it protects farmland: 1. by improving utilization rate of fertilizer, reducing chemical fertilizer input amount, to a certain extent reducing
Destruction of the fertilizer to soil, the corresponding call of national chemical fertilizer zero growth rate.2. dry kind of full-film covering wet technology out has " pressure alkali "
Effect, makes the floating alkali in salt-soda soil sink, and controls the saline and alkaline floating in underground, improves salt-soda soil to a certain extent.3. full-film covering
Dry kind of wet technology out reduces arable land soil erosion caused by by rainfall or other factors.
2) environmental protection: dry kind of full-film covering wet technology out is drifted along caused by reducing spring due to arable land or sand and dust
Weather.Watering is that field surface dust is attached to earth's surface after overlay film, is reduced due to caused air pollution of blowing.
3) water resource saving: dry kind of wet evaporation capacity of the technology by soil moisture control out is guaranteeing crop normal growth
On the basis of, reduce the irrigation times and irrigation amount of crop entire breeding time, saved water resource, gives script water resources shortage
The Northwest save resource.
In order to explain the structural features and functions of the invention more clearly, come to carry out the present invention combined with specific embodiments below
It is described in detail.
Specific embodiment
The following further describes the technical solution of the present invention combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, a kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material, dry kind suitable for seed kind medicinal material
Wet bunch planting out, plantation step are as follows:
Step 1: selection of land
, soil property meta-alkali (pH value 7.5) unobstructed using irrigation and drainage, soil property partially husky (calcareous soil of upper husky lower earth), without perennial root
Weeds, soil thickness are 1.3 meters, and the region that level of ground water is relatively deep, drop is smaller, land area is 3 mu is as planting base.
Step 2: site preparation, subsoiling, essence are flat
Site preparation will reach the six word standards of " deep, saturating, thin, flat, reality, foot "；
Plot is ploughed deeply, ploughed depth finely harrows a kind of farm tools, leveling earth, drop 7cm, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, soil moisture content is good in 45cm
It is good.
Step 3: broadcast application, rotary tillage, closing weeding
Ground is revolved to the soil of fertilizer rotary cultivator was spread, 5 centimeters of depth, it is desirable that the depth is consistent, earth's surface fine flour, and stirring is equal
It is even, it suppresses at any time, prevents the loss of moisture.Accomplish " neat, flat, loose, broken, moisture in the soil, net " six word standards, it may be assumed that soil is neat, site preparation is smooth, native
Earth is soft, clods breaking is abundant, soil moisture content is good, completely without weeds, without root stubble.
Step 4: overlay film
Black film mulching, black mulch film is 145 centimeters wide, and 6.5 kgs/acre of mulch dosage.
Using film-laying machine plastic film mulch, it is desirable that the film surface of mulch is smooth and close proximity to ground, mechanical planting are to sow in overlay film.
Step 5: sowing
Artificial seeding: when temperature reaches 18 DEG C, continuous 5 days stabilizations of the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of depth are broadcast at 10 DEG C or more
Kind.
Application rate, seeding row spacing and depth of planting are planted standard according to different medicinal material seeds and are adjusted；
The present embodiment is by taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example, ten row of sown scope, the dedicated hill-drop drill of Radix Glycyrrhizae, and 13 centimeters of line-spacing, 12 centimeters of spacing in the rows.Sowing
Depth: 1.5 centimeters.
Step 6: watering
Flood irrigation: it is irrigated according to the water requirement of different medicinal materials plot has been sowed.
For the present embodiment Radix Glycyrrhizae: sandy loam Field of Glycyrrhiza uralensis water requirement is 100m3/ mu, watering can not be too thick, prevent seed from sending out
Moisture is excessive after bud causes seedling dead, can not also pour too thin, and the slightly higher region moisture of topography not enough causes seed that can not germinate.
A kind of full film of medicinal material as described above carry out dry kind of lid it is wet go out bunch planting method for increasing in Radix Glycyrrhizae seed kind medicinal material bunch planting
Application.
Embodiment 2
A kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material, does kind of a wet bunch planting out suitable for seed kind medicinal material,
Plantation step is as follows:
Step 1: selection of land
, soil property meta-alkali (pH value 8.5) unobstructed using irrigation and drainage, soil property partially husky (calcareous soil of upper husky lower earth), without perennial root
Weeds, soil thickness are 0.8 meter, and the region that level of ground water is relatively deep, drop is smaller, land area is 2.5 mu is as planting base.
Step 2: site preparation, subsoiling, essence are flat
Site preparation will reach the six word standards of " deep, saturating, thin, flat, reality, foot "；
Plot is ploughed deeply, ploughed depth finely harrows a kind of farm tools, leveling earth, drop 6cm, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, soil moisture content is good in 45cm
It is good.
Step 3: broadcast application, rotary tillage, closing weeding
Ground is revolved to the soil of fertilizer rotary cultivator was spread, 10 centimeters of depth, it is desirable that the depth is consistent, earth's surface fine flour, and stirring is equal
It is even, it suppresses at any time, prevents the loss of moisture.Accomplish " neat, flat, loose, broken, moisture in the soil, net " six word standards, it may be assumed that soil is neat, site preparation is smooth, native
Earth is soft, clods breaking is abundant, soil moisture content is good, completely without weeds, without root stubble.
Step 4: overlay film
Black film mulching, black mulch film is 145 centimeters wide, and 6.5 kgs/acre of mulch dosage.
Using film-laying machine plastic film mulch, it is desirable that the film surface of mulch is smooth and close proximity to ground, mechanical planting are to sow in overlay film.
Step 5: sowing
Artificial seeding: when temperature reaches 20 DEG C, continuous 5 days stabilizations of the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of depth are broadcast at 10 DEG C or more
Kind.
Application rate, seeding row spacing and depth of planting are planted standard according to different medicinal material seeds and are adjusted.
In the present embodiment by taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example, ten row of sown scope, the dedicated hill-drop drill of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 13 centimeters of line-spacing, 12 centimeters of spacing in the rows.
Depth of planting: 1.8 centimeters of
Step 6: watering
Flood irrigation: it is irrigated according to the water requirement of different medicinal materials plot has been sowed.By taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example: sandy loam Field of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Water requirement is 110m3/ mu, watering can not be too thick, prevent after germination that moisture is excessive to cause seedling dead, can not also pour too
Thin, the slightly higher region moisture of topography not enough causes seed that can not germinate.
A kind of complete dry kind of film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing the answering in seed kind medicinal material bunch planting out of medicinal material as described above
With.
Embodiment 3
A kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material, does kind of a wet bunch planting out suitable for seed kind medicinal material,
Plantation step is as follows:
Step 1: selection of land
, soil property meta-alkali (pH value 8.0) unobstructed using irrigation and drainage, soil property partially husky (calcareous soil of upper husky lower earth), without perennial root
Weeds, soil thickness are 1 meter, and the region that level of ground water is relatively deep, drop is smaller, land area is 3 mu is as planting base.
Step 2: site preparation, subsoiling, essence are flat
Site preparation will reach the six word standards of " deep, saturating, thin, flat, reality, foot "；
Plot is ploughed deeply, ploughed depth finely harrows a kind of farm tools, leveling earth, drop 10cm, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, soil moisture content is good in 50cm
It is good.
Step 3: broadcast application, rotary tillage, closing weeding
Ground is revolved to the soil of fertilizer rotary cultivator was spread, 10 centimeters of depth, it is desirable that the depth is consistent, earth's surface fine flour, and stirring is equal
It is even, it suppresses at any time, prevents the loss of moisture.Accomplish " neat, flat, loose, broken, moisture in the soil, net " six word standards, it may be assumed that soil is neat, site preparation is smooth, native
Earth is soft, clods breaking is abundant, soil moisture content is good, completely without weeds, without root stubble.
Step 4: overlay film
Black film mulching, black mulch film is 145 centimeters wide, and 6.5 kgs/acre of mulch dosage.
Using film-laying machine plastic film mulch, it is desirable that the film surface of mulch is smooth and close proximity to ground, mechanical planting are to sow in overlay film.
Step 5: sowing
Artificial seeding: when temperature reaches 25 DEG C, continuous 5 days stabilizations of the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of depth are broadcast at 10 DEG C or more
Kind.
Application rate, seeding row spacing and depth of planting are planted standard according to different medicinal material seeds and are adjusted.
The present embodiment is by taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example, ten row of sown scope, the dedicated hill-drop drill of Radix Glycyrrhizae, and 13 centimeters of line-spacing, 12 centimeters of spacing in the rows.Sowing
Depth: 1.8 centimeters.
Step 6: watering
Flood irrigation: it is irrigated according to the water requirement of different medicinal materials plot has been sowed.By taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example: sandy loam Field of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Water requirement is 100m3/ mu, watering can not be too thick, prevent after germination that moisture is excessive to cause seedling dead, can not also pour too
Thin, the slightly higher region moisture of topography not enough causes seed that can not germinate.
A kind of complete dry kind of film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing the answering in seed kind medicinal material bunch planting out of medicinal material as described above
With.
Embodiment 4
A kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material, does kind of a wet bunch planting out suitable for seed kind medicinal material,
Plantation step is as follows:
Step 1: selection of land
, soil property meta-alkali (pH value 8.3) unobstructed using irrigation and drainage, soil property partially husky (calcareous soil of upper husky lower earth), without perennial root
Weeds, soil thickness are 1.45 meters, and the region that level of ground water is relatively deep, drop is smaller, land area is 3 mu is as planting base.
Step 2: site preparation, subsoiling, essence are flat
Site preparation will reach the six word standards of " deep, saturating, thin, flat, reality, foot "；
Plot is ploughed deeply, ploughed depth finely harrows a kind of farm tools, leveling earth, drop 3cm, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, soil moisture content is good in 55cm
It is good.
Step 3: broadcast application, rotary tillage, closing weeding
Ground is revolved to the soil of fertilizer rotary cultivator was spread, 9 centimeters of depth, it is desirable that the depth is consistent, earth's surface fine flour, and stirring is equal
It is even, it suppresses at any time, prevents the loss of moisture.Accomplish " neat, flat, loose, broken, moisture in the soil, net " six word standards, it may be assumed that soil is neat, site preparation is smooth, native
Earth is soft, clods breaking is abundant, soil moisture content is good, completely without weeds, without root stubble.
Step 4: overlay film
Black film mulching, black mulch film is 145 centimeters wide, and 6.5 kgs/acre of mulch dosage.
Using film-laying machine plastic film mulch, it is desirable that the film surface of mulch is smooth and close proximity to ground, mechanical planting are to sow in overlay film.
Step 5: sowing
Artificial seeding: when temperature reaches 25 DEG C, continuous 5 days stabilizations of the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of depth are broadcast at 10 DEG C or more
Kind.
Application rate, seeding row spacing and depth of planting are planted standard according to different medicinal material seeds and are adjusted.
The present embodiment is by taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example, ten row of sown scope, the dedicated hill-drop drill of Radix Glycyrrhizae, and 13 centimeters of line-spacing, 12 centimeters of spacing in the rows.Sowing
Depth: 2 centimeters.
Step 6: watering
Covering membrane and drop irrigation a: film two pipe, it may be assumed that two drip irrigation pipelines are set in same overlay film；4.0 atmospheric pressure of stem pressure,
Trickle irrigation is carried out, water is using different medicinal materials, different soil property water requirements as standard.
By taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example: sandy loam Field of Glycyrrhiza uralensis water requirement is 100m3/ mu, watering can not be too thick, prevent water after germination
It is point excessive to cause seedling dead, it can not also pour too thin, the slightly higher region moisture of topography not enough causes seed that can not germinate.
A kind of complete dry kind of film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing the answering in seed kind medicinal material bunch planting out of medicinal material as described above
With.
Embodiment 5
A kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material, does kind of a wet bunch planting out suitable for seed kind medicinal material,
Plantation step is as follows:
Step 1: selection of land
, soil property meta-alkali (pH value 8.5) unobstructed using irrigation and drainage, soil property partially husky (calcareous soil of upper husky lower earth), without perennial root
Weeds, soil thickness are 1.8 meters, and the region that level of ground water is relatively deep, drop is smaller, land area is 6 mu is as planting base.
Step 2: site preparation, subsoiling, essence are flat
Site preparation will reach the six word standards of " deep, saturating, thin, flat, reality, foot "；
Plot is ploughed deeply, ploughed depth finely harrows a kind of farm tools, leveling earth, drop 4cm, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, soil moisture content is good in 60m.
Step 3: broadcast application, rotary tillage, closing weeding
Ground is revolved to the soil of fertilizer rotary cultivator was spread, 10 centimeters of depth, it is desirable that the depth is consistent, earth's surface fine flour, and stirring is equal
It is even, it suppresses at any time, prevents the loss of moisture.Accomplish " neat, flat, loose, broken, moisture in the soil, net " six word standards, it may be assumed that soil is neat, site preparation is smooth, native
Earth is soft, clods breaking is abundant, soil moisture content is good, completely without weeds, without root stubble.
Step 4: overlay film
Black film mulching, black mulch film is 145 centimeters wide, and 6.5 kgs/acre of mulch dosage.
Using film-laying machine plastic film mulch, it is desirable that the film surface of mulch is smooth and close proximity to ground, mechanical planting are to sow in overlay film.
Step 5: sowing
Mechanical planting: being sowed using Special sowing machinery, sowed according to technical indicator, cannot be neglected and be neglected slowly fastly, prevent seed
It takes ground out of, mulch is tensed, is pressed sternly, prevent seed and mulch opening dystopy；Earthing will press against mulch on film, prevent big
Wind is swept.
Application rate, seeding row spacing and depth of planting are planted standard according to different medicinal material seeds and are adjusted.
In the present embodiment by taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example, ten row of sown scope, the dedicated hill-drop drill of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 13 centimeters of line-spacing, 12 centimeters of spacing in the rows.It broadcasts
Kind depth: 1.5 centimeters.
Step 6: watering
Covering membrane and drop irrigation a: film three pipe, it may be assumed that three drip irrigation pipelines are set in same overlay film；3.5 atmospheric pressure of stem pressure,
Trickle irrigation is carried out, water is using different medicinal materials, different soil property water requirements as standard.
By taking Radix Glycyrrhizae as an example: sandy loam Field of Glycyrrhiza uralensis water requirement is 80m3/ mu, watering can not be too thick, prevent water after germination
It is point excessive to cause seedling dead, it can not also pour too thin, the slightly higher region moisture of topography not enough causes seed that can not germinate.
A kind of complete dry kind of film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing the answering in seed kind medicinal material bunch planting out of medicinal material as described above
With.
The technical principle of the invention is described above in combination with a specific embodiment, is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention.This
The protection scope of invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment, and all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to the present invention
Protection scope.Those skilled in the art, which does not need to pay for creative labor, can associate other specific realities of the invention
Mode is applied, these modes will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of complete dry kind of the film shoe lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out of medicinal material, special suitable for a dry kind of wet bunch planting out of seed kind medicinal material
Sign is, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: selection of land
, soil property meta-alkali unobstructed using irrigation and drainage, soil property be partially husky, without perennial root ruderal, and soil thickness is greater than 1 meter, level of ground water is relatively deep,
Drop is smaller, land area is greater than 2 mu of region as planting base；
Step 2: site preparation, subsoiling, essence are flat
Plot is ploughed deeply, ploughed depth finely harrows a kind of farm tools, leveling earth in 40cm or more, and drop is less than 8cm, and defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower, soil moisture content is good
It is good；
Step 3: broadcast application, rotary tillage, closing weeding
Ground is revolved to the soil of fertilizer rotary cultivator was spread, 5-10 centimeters of depth, it is desirable that the depth is consistent, and earth's surface fine flour stirs evenly,
It suppresses at any time, prevents the loss of moisture；
Step 4: overlay film
Black film mulching；
Using film-laying machine plastic film mulch, it is desirable that the film surface of mulch is smooth and close proximity to ground, mechanical planting are to sow in overlay film；
Step 5: sowing
Artificial seeding or mechanical planting；
Artificial seeding: when temperature reaches 15 DEG C or more, continuous 5 days stabilizations of the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of depth are at 10 DEG C or more, Ji Kejin
Row sowing；
Mechanical planting: being sowed using Special sowing machinery, sowed according to technical indicator, cannot be neglected and be neglected slowly fastly, prevent seed from taking out of
Ground tenses mulch, presses sternly, prevents seed and mulch opening dystopy；Earthing will press against mulch on film, prevent from being scraped by strong wind
It rises；
Step 6: watering
Flood irrigation or covering membrane and drop irrigation；
Flood irrigation: it is irrigated according to the water requirement of different medicinal materials plot has been sowed；
Covering membrane and drop irrigation: a film two pipe or three pipe, 3.5-4.0 atmospheric pressure of stem pressure, progress trickle irrigation, water with different medicinal materials,
Different soil property water requirements are standard.
2. the full film of medicinal material according to claim 1 carries out dry kind of lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out, which is characterized in that step 1
In, the pH value of planting base soil property is 7.5-8.5.
3. the full film of medicinal material according to claim 1 or 2 carries out dry kind of lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out, which is characterized in that step
In one, the soil property of planting base is the calcareous soil of upper husky lower earth.
4. the full film of medicinal material according to claim 1 carries out dry kind of lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out, which is characterized in that in step 3
Broadcast application, rotary tillage, closing weeding, do here, flat, loose, broken, moisture in the soil, net six words standard, it may be assumed that soil is neat, site preparation is smooth, loose soil
It is soft, clods breaking is abundant, soil moisture content is good, completely without weeds, without root stubble.
5. the full film of medicinal material according to claim 1 carries out dry kind of lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out, which is characterized in that step 4
In, black mulch film is 145 centimeters wide, and 6.5 kgs/acre of mulch dosage.
6. the full film of medicinal material according to claim 1 carries out dry kind of lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out, which is characterized in that step 5
In, application rate, seeding row spacing and depth of planting are planted standard according to different medicinal material seeds and are adjusted.
7. the full film of medicinal material according to claim 1 carries out dry kind of lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out, which is characterized in that step 6
In, a film two pipe or three pipes are two drip irrigation pipelines of setting or three drip irrigation pipelines in same overlay film.
8. a kind of carry out dry kind of lid wet bunch planting method for increasing out in seed kind medicinal material based on the full film of medicinal material as claimed in claim 1 to 7
Application in bunch planting.
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| CN112772327A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 内蒙古众维实业有限责任公司 | Astragalus membranaceus film mulching sowing seedling raising method |
| CN114402930A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-29 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业生态与资源保护中心(内蒙古自治区耕地质量监测保护中心) | Water-fertilizer integrated efficient water-saving technology for dry sowing, wet sowing, shallow sowing and drip irrigation of astragalus membranaceus |
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Application publication date: 20190405 |