CN109518690B - Pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109518690B CN109518690B CN201910027395.7A CN201910027395A CN109518690B CN 109518690 B CN109518690 B CN 109518690B CN 201910027395 A CN201910027395 A CN 201910027395A CN 109518690 B CN109518690 B CN 109518690B
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped expansion head and a construction method thereof, wherein the pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped expansion head comprises an umbrella-shaped expansion device, a plurality of anchor bars penetrating through the umbrella-shaped expansion device and a grouting pipe II, a membrane bag is sleeved outside the umbrella-shaped expansion device, a slurry outlet of the grouting pipe II is positioned in the membrane bag, and the inside of the umbrella-shaped expansion device sequentially comprises a lacing wire disc, an umbrella-shaped folding rod group and a bar penetrating disc from front to back. The invention is used for solving the problem that the man-machine consumption is high due to the complicated hole jet grouting work in the hard clay layer; and in the fissure development rock body, mud in the fissure flows back into the umbrella-shaped enlarged head to influence the components and strength of the grouting consolidation body; and the problem of construction efficiency reduction caused by drilling and reaming by using an umbrella-shaped enlarged head technology through a rotary spraying process and synchronously carrying the umbrella-shaped enlarged head.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head and a construction method thereof, relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, and is particularly applied to temporary foundation pit support, permanent side slope support and anti-floating anchor rod anchor ropes in various industries such as building construction, traffic, railways, water conservancy and hydropower, civil air defense, underground engineering, national defense and the like.
Background
Before the application, the inventor researches and submits the self-carrying umbrella-shaped expansion structure series of the rotary spraying anchor rod and the anchor cable of the patent application to change the traditional friction anchor into an end-bearing anchor, and the problems of unreasonable stress mechanism, low bearing capacity, easy creep, poor durability, difficult in-place anchor delivery in construction and the like of the traditional anchor rod and the anchor cable are well solved.
However, in some cases, for example, in a mudstone layer (as shown in fig. 1) where cracks are relatively developed and gas channeling and slurry channeling are serious between drilling holes, after rotary jet grouting or static pressure grouting and drill withdrawal are completed in the umbrella-shaped enlarged head, slurry in the rock mass cracks around the reaming section flows back into the umbrella-shaped enlarged head again, so that components and strength of a grouting consolidation body are influenced, and the bearing performance, deformation resistance and durability of the umbrella-shaped enlarged head are influenced; in addition, when products with umbrella-shaped expansion structure series and matched construction methods thereof are adopted in the hard clay layer, the hole forming process is low in efficiency, the hole jet grouting work is more complicated, and therefore more man-machine consumption is caused; and the applicant has filed a patent application (application number 2018106766169) entitled "a construction method of a rotary-jetting anchor cable or a rotary-jetting anchor rod with a self-carried umbrella-shaped expanding body structure", which is mainly applicable to loose, soft, easily-reduced or collapsed stratum (such as soft clay, loose soil, silt, loess, fine sand and the like) suitable for self-drilling rotary-jetting and is not beneficial to solving the problems faced in a hard clay layer and a mud layer with developed cracks.
In addition, when the umbrella-shaped expansion head technology is applied to the anti-floating anchor rod in North China, when the hole depth is deeper and the shrinkage or collapse of the hole is not serious sometimes, in the hole forming process, if spiral drilling or spiral-jet combined drilling is adopted, compared with the jet drilling construction efficiency of synchronously carrying the umbrella-shaped expansion head, the construction efficiency of the jet drilling of the stratum is higher, the cost efficiency ratio of the jet drilling hole and the jet grouting is higher than that of the film bag grouting, and the film bag has certain abrasion and the hydraulic umbrella opening mode is also high in the drilling process by adopting the synchronous self-carrying film bag-shaped expansion head, and if the series of technology of the jet grouting anchor rod or the jet grouting anchor rod construction method adopting the self-carrying umbrella-shaped expansion body structure is still used, the method is not the highest in cost performance ratio.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head and a construction method thereof, which aim to solve the problems that the work of rotary spraying holes in a hard clay layer is complicated and the man-machine consumption is high; and in the fissure development rock body, mud in the fissure flows back into the umbrella-shaped enlarged head to influence the components and strength of the grouting consolidation body; and the problem of construction efficiency reduction caused by drilling and reaming by using an umbrella-shaped enlarged head technology through a rotary spraying process and synchronously carrying the umbrella-shaped enlarged head.
The invention solves the problems through the following technical scheme:
The pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped expanding head comprises an umbrella-shaped expanding device, a plurality of anchor bars penetrating through the umbrella-shaped expanding device and a grouting pipe II, wherein a membrane bag is sleeved outside the umbrella-shaped expanding device, a grout outlet of the grouting pipe II is positioned in the membrane bag, and the inside of the umbrella-shaped expanding device sequentially comprises a lacing wire disc, an umbrella-shaped folding rod group and a lacing wire disc from front to back.
In the application, the advancing direction of the drill bit is used as the front, and the reverse is used as the back. The anchor bars refer to main bar materials which are used for transmitting and bearing external drawing loads in an anchor rod or anchor rope structure, and comprise steel bars or steel pipes and the like which form the anchor rod, steel strands or steel wires and the like which form the anchor rope, and other strand-shaped fiber reinforced composite tensile materials such as glass fiber anchor rods, carbon fiber anchor rods and the like, wherein the steel bars can be common screw thread steel bars, finish rolling screw thread steel bars, round steel and the like.
The membrane bag is arranged to limit the high-concentration cement slurry or special slurry conveyed by the grouting pipe II to be solidified in the umbrella-shaped expanding device without overflowing of the solidifying materials such as cement particles and the like, and the environment medium outside the membrane bag is isolated so as not to interfere the solidification of the slurry in the membrane bag.
For the capsule-type anchor rod and the capsule-type anchor cable on the market in the past, the cement concretes in and out of the capsule jointly form a stress structure of the anchor cable expansion head, if the material of the capsule is poor in bonding performance with cement paste (such as reverse osmosis anti-corrosion cloth), the tensile strength of the expansion head is very unfavorable, namely, the stronger and durable waterproof capsule material is, the more easily the fracture surface of a medium is caused between the inner cement concretes and the outer cement concretes, the integrity of the cement paste concretes serving as the stress structure of the capsule-type expanded anchor rod plain concrete is damaged, and the side friction resistance provided by the hole wall or the slurry solid outside the capsule body cannot be transmitted to the slurry solid in the capsule body, so that the loss of the friction resistance and the reduction of the bearing capacity of the anchor rod anchor cable are caused. For the permanent anti-floating anchor rod and anchor cable, the waterproof material is selected for the bag, so that the protection of the anchor rod in the bag body can be enhanced, but the negative effect on structural bearing can be brought, and the bag can not cover the stressed structure of the bag completely, so that the protection effect of the surface protection of each part and the protection effect of the grouting consolidation body are more important in practice. The design theory basis of the invention is an end-bearing type anchor rod rope, which is essentially different from the friction type design of the anchor section of the capsule type anchor rod rope, and the materials are also greatly different.
The membrane bag is quite convenient and wide in material obtaining, various flexible materials such as chemical fiber fabrics, plastic films, kraft paper, non-woven fabrics, cotton cloth, wool fabrics, canvas, geotextile, glass fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, metal fiber net, other fiber reinforced composite materials and the like can be used, materials with certain permeability or complete water isolation can be selected according to stratum conditions and engineering requirements, but because the cement slurry is generally required to discharge excessive water to the outside through the membrane bag in an initial setting stage, and the external environment is required to supplement water to slurry solids through the membrane bag in a maintenance stage after final setting, the membrane bag material used for common stratum is considered to be capable of blocking cement particles from leaking from inside to outside, but has certain permeability for water molecules such as cotton cloth or geotextile; meanwhile, the membrane bag material can be better bonded with cement and fused into the cement concretion to participate in bearing external load, such as carbon fiber or steel fiber net; when it is required to completely block the hydraulic communication between the inside and the outside of the membrane bag (for example, the outside of the membrane bag is a high water permeability stratum or a flowing groundwater environment), the membrane bag can also use various waterproof cloth, flexible rubber plastic materials or high polymer materials, and the double-layer composite materials with the external isolation and the internal seepage properties, such as composite geomembranes, are preferable.
Further, the front end of the anchor bar movably passes through the lacing wire disc, and the rear end movably passes through the lacing wire disc; the front end of the anchor bar is provided with a load conversion device, and the load conversion device is contacted with the lacing wire disc and is used for transmitting the tension force of the anchor bar to the lacing wire disc; the front end and the rear end of the membrane bag are respectively connected with the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc.
The load conversion device has the function of converting the tensile load born by the anchor bar into the pressure load born by the whole umbrella-shaped expansion head reinforced concrete structure through the tie plate, and then transmitting the pressure load to the rock-soil stratum behind the tie plate by the umbrella-shaped expansion head, wherein the compression bearing capacity of the rock-soil stratum is far greater than the friction force of the wall of the drill hole under the condition that the rock-soil stratum has enough strength, rigidity and thickness, so that the capacity of the umbrella-shaped expansion head for bearing the external tensile load is far greater than that of the friction type anchor rod and anchor cable.
For the steel bar anchor rod, the load conversion device can be formed by binding and welding materials such as steel bars, steel rings, steel sleeves and the like on the anchor bar; or a screw thread type steel bar connecting sleeve or a special supporting body is adopted to be connected with the anchor bars through screw threads; and the steel sleeve can be extruded and fixed on the anchor bar in a cold extrusion mode to serve as a load conversion device.
The load conversion device of the anchor cable manufactured by the steel strand can be fixed on the steel strand in a cold extrusion mode by adopting an extrusion sleeve, can be fixed on the steel strand by adopting a conventional anchor and a conventional anchor clamp used by an anchor head outside an orifice, and can also be used by adopting a special small anchor and a special small anchor.
The membrane bag is connected with the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, can adopt a method of directly adding screws and pressing rings for fixing, can also adopt a method of adding screws and pressing rings after sleeving, or can be fixed by binding wires, stay ropes, tension springs and other closing-in after sleeving, or can be fixed by sealing after sleeving, and the like, and an anti-falling piece can be attached to the tail part of the guide cap during sleeving so as to prevent the guide cap from falling off in construction. Meanwhile, the membrane bag can not only contain the front end of the anchor bar and the load conversion device, but also not contain the front end of the anchor bar and the load conversion device.
Further, a construction member is movably arranged on the tendon penetrating disc in a penetrating manner, the front end head of the construction member is fixedly connected with the tendon pulling disc, and the construction member is used for providing a sliding rail for the tendon penetrating disc to move forwards and backwards.
The structural member can be solid strip, hollow tube or cylinder, and can be made of steel, such as steel bar, steel pipe or section steel, nylon, engineering plastic, aluminum, copper, glass fiber, carbon fiber, etc.
The construction members can be arranged independently or can be combined with the grouting pipe II or the grouting pipe I.
The front end of the structural member is fixedly connected with the lacing wire disc, can be connected by adopting inserted screw threads or buckles, can also be welded or bonded and the like, and can also pass through the lacing wire disc forwards and then be fixedly connected with the lacing wire disc.
The limiting device is arranged at the rear of the lacing wire disc and the front of the lacing wire disc in the umbrella-shaped expanding device, and the lacing wire disc cannot pass through the limiting device when sliding forwards.
Before the cement paste is solidified, the limiting device has the function that when the tendon penetrating disc slides forwards to a preset position, such as the intersection position of the hinged connecting line between the long rod and the short rod and the axis of the umbrella-shaped expansion device, the tendon penetrating disc is blocked by the limiting device, so that the tendon penetrating disc cannot slide forwards any more, which is necessary for the declining anchoring hole and the vertical anchoring hole. The limiting device can be arranged on the structural member, the grouting pipe II or the grouting pipe I, the anchor bar, the reducing step serving as the limiting device and the lacing wire plate or the lacing wire plate; the limiting device can be in a block shape or a strip shape, or can be in a ring shape or a cylinder shape, and the material used by the limiting device is the same as or matched with the attached component.
The structural member has the important function that when the limiting device is arranged on the structural member, the axial compression resistance of the structural member is increased on the basis of the original axial compression resistance of the slurry solid, namely the compression strength of the umbrella-shaped expansion device is increased, so that the bearing capacity of the whole umbrella-shaped expansion head reinforced concrete structure is enhanced. When the anchor bar can be used as a steel bar penetrating disc sliding rail, and the design bearing capacity of the anchor bar rope is low, a structural member can not be arranged.
It is to be noted that, because the generation and the magnitude of the friction force of the rock-soil hole wall are determined by the normal stress and the friction coefficient, the existence of the normal stress of the grouting anchor rod is very unstable, the hole wall mud skin is difficult to remove, and the friction coefficient is very weak and small, so that the compressive bearing force of the rock-soil stratum is far greater than the friction resistance of the drill hole wall.
When the limiting device is arranged on the construction member or the grouting pipe, the limiting device can be correspondingly connected to the construction member or the grouting pipe by adopting materials such as steel bars, steel rings, nylon rings, engineering plastic parts, PPR pipes, aluminum copper materials and the like through welding or bonding or threaded connection or clamping;
The limiting device can also be made of metal or nonmetal rigid strip or tubular materials, and is independently arranged on the lacing wire plate or the lacing wire plate and is welded or bonded or connected with the lacing wire plate or the lacing wire plate in a threaded or buckling manner.
When the limiting device is arranged on the anchor bar, if the anchor bar is a steel bar, the limiting device can be welded or bonded or screwed or buckled or clamped on the anchor bar by adopting a metal piece; if the anchor bar is a steel strand, the limiting device can be sleeved and fixed on the steel strand by adopting a non-metal sleeve ring made of rubber and plastic or the like, and can also be fixed on the steel strand by adopting a metal extrusion sleeve, meanwhile, a flexible separator is arranged between the limiting device and the bar penetrating disc, for example, a rubber and plastic ring piece is arranged, and the thickness of the flexible separator exceeds the elongation value of the umbrella-shaped expansion head section anchor bar under the maximum external pulling load borne by the anchor bar, so that the design aim of converting the tensile force borne by the anchor bar into the bearing pressure of the whole umbrella-shaped expansion structure is realized.
Further, a backstop device is arranged at the rear of the lacing wire disc and the front of the lacing wire disc in the umbrella-shaped expanding device, and the lacing wire disc is allowed to pass through the backstop device unidirectionally when sliding forwards. When the umbrella-shaped expansion head is used for rising Kong Maogu, before cement paste is solidified, the retaining device is used for preventing the umbrella-shaped folding rod group from shrinking due to the fact that the rib penetrating disc retreats under the action of gravity after the umbrella-shaped folding rod group expands and opens in the reaming section of the drilling hole.
The retaining device can be arranged on a structural member, a grouting pipe II or a grouting pipe I, an anchor bar and the like, and is generally fixed on a corresponding part in a slotting and drilling mode, a welding mode or an adhesive mode by adopting elastic materials or parts such as spring steel sheets, springs, steel balls, elastic plastic components and the like.
When the limiting device and the retaining device are used simultaneously (for example, the anchor rod Kong Qingjiao is 0 degrees and the rib penetrating disc is required to be fixed in a front-back two-way manner), the retaining device is positioned at the rear of the limiting device, and the limiting device and the retaining device clamp and fix the rib penetrating disc in the middle.
Further, a fixing device is arranged on the anchor bar at the rear side of the lacing wire plate, and the fixing device is in contact with the lacing wire plate but cannot pass through the lacing wire plate.
The fixing device has the function of preventing the load conversion device from carrying the anchor bar to slide down under the action of gravity to separate from the lacing wire disc after the umbrella-shaped expanding device is placed in place in the reaming section of the borehole. The materials and construction methods used for the fixing device refer to the load conversion device or the limiting device.
Further, the grout outlet of the grouting pipe I is positioned outside the membrane bag, and the grout outlet of the grouting pipe I is positioned at the front side of the lacing wire disc.
The grouting pipe I is arranged at the attachment position on the umbrella-shaped expanding device, and can be a lacing wire plate, a guiding cap. In order to prevent the grouting pipe I from blocking the sliding of the tendon penetrating disc, the grouting pipe I can selectively pass through the tendon penetrating disc in a movable manner or adopt a hose between the tendon pulling disc and the tendon penetrating disc. The grouting pipe I is used for grouting filling or further improving and reinforcing mud rock anchor rods for crack development, and even protecting the front ends of anchor bars and load conversion devices under the condition that cement grouting is not used in the construction process of drilling, pre-reaming and hole washing of the soil layer anchor rods; grouting pipe I can be omitted when grouting is performed in the previous drilling and pre-reaming processes and pollution of the fractured mud is not worry.
Further, the umbrella-shaped expansion device further comprises a pipe ruler connected with the rib penetrating disc, the pipe ruler extends towards the rear side direction of the rib penetrating disc, an exhaust channel communicated with the inside of the umbrella-shaped expansion device is arranged inside the pipe ruler to serve as an exhaust pipe, and graduation marks are arranged on the surface of the pipe ruler to serve as a graduated scale.
The front end of the pipe ruler is connected with the rib penetrating disc, and can be detached or not detached, and the non-detachable mode such as welding, bonding, binding and the like can be adopted; the detachable connection can be made of screw threads or buckles, when the pipe ruler is made of rigid materials, the pipe ruler can be detached and recycled for repeated use after grouting and ruler reading work are completed, and the umbrella-shaped expanding device can also obtain external power by means of the rigid pipe ruler when expansion and opening are in disorder; of course, flexible materials may be used for the tube ruler, if recycling is not a concern.
Further, the front end of the umbrella-shaped expanding device is provided with a guide cap, the guide cap is connected with the lacing wire disc, and the front part of the guide cap is provided with a pulp passing hole.
The cement paste in the reaming section enters the guide cap through the cement paste through holes when the umbrella-shaped expanding device is placed into the reaming section so as to protect the front end of the anchor bar and the load conversion device; the grouting hole has the effect of grouting, namely, the grouting liquid overflows from the front side of the lacing wire plate and the inside of the guide cap, so that the reaming section space and the non-reaming section space outside the membrane bag are filled.
The rear part of the guide cap is connected with the lacing wire disc, and various connection modes such as welding, threaded connection, buckle connection, bolt connection, head sleeve type movable connection and the like can be adopted, but a rear exhaust gap or an exhaust channel is reserved at the same time, so that the air exhaust is sufficient when the front side of the lacing wire disc and the inside of the guide cap are grouted, and the quality of protection grouting is reliable.
Further, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group consists of a plurality of folding rods, each folding rod comprises a long rod and a short rod hinged with the long rod, the front end of the long rod is hinged with the lacing wire disc through a front hinging rod, and the rear end of the short rod is hinged with the lacing wire disc through a rear hinging rod; all folding rods are circumferentially tied through a plurality of layers of stirrups, and the folding rods are fixedly connected with the stirrups through positioning pieces.
The front hinging rod is connected with the lacing wire disc by adopting inserted threaded connection or buckle connection or welding or bonding, and also can adopt modes of bolt back-pull connection or back-pull welding and the like; from the mechanical point of view and from the point of view of standardized construction and guaranteeing construction quality, the plug-in threaded connection is preferred.
The rear hinging rod is connected with the rib penetrating disc by adopting inserted threaded connection or buckle connection or welding or bonding, and also can adopt modes of bolt back-pull connection or back-pull welding and the like; from the mechanical aspect and from the aspect of standardized construction and guaranteeing construction quality, the bolt back-pull type connection is preferred.
The stirrup can be connected to each layer of locating piece to form a hoop independently, each layer of locating piece can be connected to form a spiral hoop or a net-shaped hoop, the stirrup can be made of steel wire ropes, high-strength fiber ropes or other flexible tensile materials, or rigid materials such as W-shaped folding rods or N-shaped folding rods and the like, wherein the W-shaped folding rods or the N-shaped folding rods are correspondingly hinged or sliding-type hinged with the long rods and the short rods, and hinged or sliding-type hinged parts can be used as locating pieces; the end parts of the steel wire ropes can be connected end to end or fixed independently by adopting rope clamps, and the fixing effect and the mechanical property of the rope clamps are good when the two sides of each folding rod are simultaneously arranged at the intersection of the steel wire ropes and the folding rods.
The locating piece is installed on the long pole and the short pole of folding pole for the axial and the horizontal fixed of stirrup. The locating piece can be located the outside of stock, quarter butt, also can be located the inboard of stock, quarter butt, and the mode of installing can adopt welding, bonding, screw fixation or other modes, and the shape can be O type, U type, L type etc..
The lacing wire dish, the umbrella-shaped folding rod and the front hinging rod and the rear hinging rod can be made of various metal or nonmetal materials or novel fiber reinforced materials such as glass fiber, carbon fiber and the like, engineering plastic and the like according to actual conditions.
The construction method of the pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head comprises the following steps:
(A) And (3) assembling and installing: assembling an umbrella-shaped expanding device, and installing an anchor bar, a grouting pipe II, a grouting pipe I and a pipe ruler on the umbrella-shaped expanding device; when the rear hinging rod is connected with the rib penetrating plate in a back-pull bolt mode, a spring washer is assembled under the nut.
(B) Drilling holes; separate from the umbrella feeding operation;
To treat various strata, different efficient drilling modes are adopted in a targeted manner, and drilling can be carried out by a conventional process or by matching a conventional process with a rotary spraying process.
(C) Pre-reaming: forming a reaming section; separate from the umbrella feeding operation;
To treat various strata, different efficient reaming modes should be adopted in a targeted manner, and various reamers should be used for reaming specifically, or various reamers and a rotary jetting process should be used for reaming in a matched manner.
For the areas which are used to adopt augers in the past, holes can be formed by spiral drilling, and then the holes are reamed by a special reamer for the augers or a rotary spraying process; or the spiral drill and the rotary spraying process are matched for drilling, and the hole is reamed by the rotary spraying process; or the reamer special for the spiral drill is matched with the rotary spraying process for reaming.
To treat the all weathered-strong weathered sand shale stratum, drill or spiral drilling with the down-the-hole hammer generally;
To-be-middle weathered sand shale, drilling is generally carried out by a down-the-hole hammer;
Various formations can also be reamed by coring drilling, a reamer or a jet grouting process or a combination of the two; and the integrated process of water circulation drilling, expanding and cleaning can also be adopted. Meanwhile, the anti-floating anchor rope is different from the drilling and reaming processes of the foundation pit or side slope anchor rope.
The pore-forming and pre-reaming procedures are separated from the subsequent operation of implanting the umbrella-shaped expanding device.
(D) And (3) drill withdrawal: the drilling tool and the spraying tool for drilling and reaming are withdrawn out of the hole;
(E) Washing holes: placing the cleaning tool into the reaming section, cleaning out the holes of sediment and mud in the reaming section and the rock-soil bearing layer section by taking one or more of water, air and cement paste as a medium, and then withdrawing the cleaning tool;
Although the umbrella-shaped expansion head needs to bear force, the contribution of side friction resistance is not needed, and meanwhile, the membrane bag outside the umbrella-shaped expansion head can also enable grouting in the membrane bag to avoid interference of external slurry, at least mud and sand lumps in the reaming section and in the drilling of the rock-soil bearing layer section still need to be cleaned, and mud skin behind the expansion head in the reaming section still needs to be cleaned from the aspect of deformation control.
In the past, the water pump is used to input circulating water for cleaning or compressed air is used for cleaning, but practice proves that the cleaning effect of the water pump and the compressed air is poor; from the aspect of cleaning effect, spin-spray cleaning is preferred; the specific cleaning method allows selection according to the actual situation. The structure of the rotary spraying cleaning tool is divided into two types, namely double-pipe rotary spraying (compressed air and two media of water or cement slurry are coaxially sprayed) and single-pipe rotary spraying (water or cement slurry media), and the double-pipe rotary spraying effect is good.
When the rotary jet flow method is adopted to clean the reaming section, the special cleaning can be omitted for the situation that the rotary jet flow technology is adopted in the pore-forming and reaming processes before; if the non-rotary spraying technique is adopted to drill holes and the simple reamer is adopted to ream holes, the reaming section and the rock-soil bearing layer section should be cleaned specially.
In the final stage of the rotary spraying cleaning work, if cement slurry is adopted for cleaning, the slurry in the holes is fully replaced, and the rock-soil bearing layer section can be well reinforced.
(F) Delivering an umbrella: integrally conveying the assembled umbrella-shaped expanding device, the anchor bars, the grouting pipe II and the grouting pipe I into a reaming section, and synchronously carrying the pipe ruler into a borehole;
The anchor-setting process can be completed by a drilling machine, a rotary spraying machine, a professional anchor-feeding machine or a hoisting machine.
(G) Expanding the umbrella-shaped folding rod group: expanding and opening an umbrella-shaped folding rod group in the reaming section, wherein the umbrella-shaped folding rod group can open the membrane bag;
The method for expanding and opening the umbrella-shaped folding rod group comprises the following steps: when the umbrella-shaped expanding device is hung into the reaming section, under the action of dead weight of the umbrella-shaped expanding device and the pipe ruler, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group can be automatically opened, and if necessary, the rib penetrating disc can be pushed downwards by the pipe ruler to enable the umbrella-shaped folding rod group to be opened; for the anchor rod and anchor cable of the foundation pit or the side slope, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group can be opened by pushing the penetrating rib plate forwards through the pipe ruler; the umbrella-shaped folding rod group can be opened by manually pulling the rib-pulling disc outwards under the condition that the rib-pulling disc is blocked by the outer opening of the reaming section or the pipe ruler; the restoring spring and the rear supporting plate can be arranged on the grouting pipe or the pipe ruler or the constructional element or the anchor bar, so that the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is opened, and an electromagnetic control switch can be additionally arranged on the restoring spring to control the expansion and contraction of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group; the umbrella-shaped folding rod group can be unfolded in a hydraulic expansion mode, and the first unfolding mode is more excellent from the aspects of convenient construction and low manufacturing cost.
(H) Grouting: carrying out static pressure grouting on the space in the membrane bag through a grouting pipe II; or firstly, carrying out static pressure grouting on a reaming section outside the membrane bag and a rock-soil bearing stratum section through a grouting pipe I, and then carrying out static pressure grouting on a space inside the membrane bag through a grouting pipe II.
Cement slurry jet is used in the previous drilling, pre-reaming or cleaning procedures, and grouting of the grouting pipe I outside the membrane bag can be canceled without worrying about the condition of crack slurry pollution, and grouting of the grouting pipe II inside the membrane bag is only carried out. When cement slurry is not sprayed in the previous drilling, pre-reaming or cleaning process, or the cement slurry is sprayed in a rotary way, and the pollution of the cement slurry outside the membrane bag by the slurry is still worried about, or the quality of the grouting outside the membrane bag needs to be further improved, static pressure grouting is carried out on the reaming section outside the membrane bag and the rock-soil bearing layer section drilling hole through a grouting pipe I, and then static pressure grouting is carried out on the space inside the membrane bag through a grouting pipe II.
The rock-soil bearing layer section refers to a rock stratum or a soil layer for providing end bearing force for the umbrella-shaped expansion head, and the design bearing force correspondingly has requirements on the thickness and strength of the bearing layer.
The static pressure grouting is different from the rotary jetting grouting in that: the static pressure grouting is commonly called grouting or grouting, a grouting pump with rated pressure within 10MPa is generally used, the working pressure of the pump is generally within 1MPa or several MPa, the grouting caliber is large, the grouting caliber and the number are not limited, the grouting shape is generally not in a jet shape, and the grouting pipe does not rotate during grouting. The jet grouting generally uses a grouting pump with rated pressure above 45MPa, the working pressure of the pump is generally above 20MPa, the grouting shape is a high-speed jet flow, the grouting outlet can adapt to the grouting by arranging alloy nozzles, the number of the nozzles is generally 1-2, the grouting caliber of the nozzles is required to be in specification, the grouting caliber is generally 1.4-2.7mm, and the grouting pipe needs to rotate during grouting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. Aiming at the problems that the existing self-carrying umbrella-shaped expanding head technology is relatively developed in cracks and the slurry solid strength in the stratum with serious gas channeling and slurry channeling among drilling holes is influenced by slurry backflow, and the rotary spraying hole in a hard clay layer and the replacement work are relatively complicated, so that the man-machine consumption is relatively high and the cost is relatively high, the invention provides a mode of combining the umbrella-shaped expanding head with the membrane bag grouting.
2. Aiming at the existing self-carried umbrella-shaped expanding head technology, in certain areas where spiral drilling is adopted in the tradition and in hard clay layers, the spiral drilling efficiency is superior to that of the self-carried umbrella-shaped expanding body device in rotary spraying drilling.
3. The invention enhances the compressive strength and the integral rigidity of the umbrella-shaped enlarged head through the construction measure and the stirrup measure so as to meet the requirement of high bearing capacity anchoring. The pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped expansion head can widely realize the good effects of high bearing capacity, strong deformation resistance, low cost, high cost performance and high construction efficiency of the umbrella-shaped expansion head anchoring structure in various strata by supplementing the umbrella-shaped expansion head technology and the prior self-carrying umbrella-shaped expansion head, and various users can select the self-carrying or post-planting type umbrella-shaped expansion head according to actual geological conditions and the traditional area. In addition to pebble soil and gravel soil layers, the anchor rod cable is not required to be pulled out for various soil layers and soft rock layers, and the original straight rod type anchoring is not required to have friction force if any.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a slurry recirculation condition and a membrane bag grouting process under a certain geological condition;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of example 2 without structural members;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the anchor bar of the embodiment 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a grouting pipe II according to the embodiment 4 when the grouting pipe II is out of a construction barrel;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the grouting pipe II of the embodiment 5 when the grouting pipe II is arranged in the construction barrel and penetrates through the construction barrel laterally;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the grouting pipe II of the embodiment 6 when the grouting pipe II is arranged in the construction barrel and the lacing wire plate is penetrated in front;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a stirrup of example 7 made with a W-shaped folding bar;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an example 8 stirrup made with N-folded bars;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a tube ruler used for judging the expansion state of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a triple hinge stationary structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a four-hinge non-stationary structure in the prior art.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names:
The device comprises a guide cap, a 2-load conversion device, a 3-lacing wire disc, a 4-anchor bar, a 5-construction member, a 6-long rod, a 7-short rod, an 8-membrane bag, a 9-stirrup, a 10-positioning piece, an 11-grouting pipe II, a 12-grouting pipe I, a 13-multifunctional pipe ruler, a 14-limiting device, a 15-stopping device, a 16-air outlet, a 17-rib penetrating disc, a 18-grout outlet, a 19-front hinging rod, a 20-fixing device, a 21-rear hinging rod, a 22-grout passing hole, a 23-exhaust gap, a 24-grout returning hole, a 25-anti-falling piece, a 26-bearing layer section, a 27-reaming section, a 28-rock crack and a 29-water-resistant plate bottom surface.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
The pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped expanding head shown in fig. 1,2 and 10 comprises an umbrella-shaped expanding device and a plurality of anchor bars 4 penetrating through the umbrella-shaped expanding device, and is characterized by further comprising a grouting pipe II 11, wherein a membrane bag 8 is sleeved outside the umbrella-shaped expanding device, a grout outlet of the grouting pipe II 11 is positioned in the membrane bag 8, and the inside of the umbrella-shaped expanding device sequentially comprises a lacing wire disc 3, an umbrella-shaped folding rod group and a lacing wire disc 17 from front to back.
The front end of the anchor bar 4 movably passes through the lacing wire plate 3, and the rear end movably passes through the lacing wire plate 17; the front end of the anchor bar 4 is provided with a load conversion device 2, and the load conversion device 2 is in contact with the lacing wire plate 3 and is used for transmitting the tension force of the anchor bar 4 to the lacing wire plate 3; the front end and the rear end of the membrane bag 8 are respectively connected with the lacing wire disc 3 and the lacing wire disc 17.
The rib penetrating disc 17 is movably penetrated with a construction member 5, the front end head of the construction member 5 is fixedly connected with the lacing wire disc 3, and the construction member 5 is used for providing a sliding rail for the front and back movement of the rib penetrating disc 17.
The limiting device 14 is arranged at the rear of the lacing wire disc 3 and the front of the lacing wire disc 17 in the umbrella-shaped expanding device, and the lacing wire disc 17 cannot pass through the limiting device 14 when sliding forwards.
A backstop device 15 is arranged behind the lacing wire plate 3 and in front of the lacing wire plate 17 in the umbrella-shaped expanding device, and the lacing wire plate 17 is allowed to pass through the backstop device 15 unidirectionally when sliding forwards.
The anchor bar 4 at the rear side of the lacing wire plate 3 is provided with a fixing device 20, and the fixing device 20 is contacted with the lacing wire plate 3 but cannot pass through the lacing wire plate 3.
Still include grout pipe I12, grout pipe I12 passes umbrella form body expanding device, and grout outlet of grout pipe I12 is located outside the membrane bag 8, and grout outlet of grout pipe I12 is located the front side of lacing wire dish 3.
The pipe ruler 13 is connected with the rib penetrating disc 17, the pipe ruler 13 extends towards the rear side direction of the rib penetrating disc 17, an exhaust channel communicated with the inside of the umbrella-shaped expansion device is arranged inside the pipe ruler 13, and graduation marks are arranged on the surface of the pipe ruler 13.
The front end of the umbrella-shaped expanding device is provided with a guide cap 1, the guide cap 1 is connected with a lacing wire disc 3, and the front part of the guide cap 1 is provided with a pulp passing hole 22.
The umbrella-shaped folding rod group consists of a plurality of folding rods, each folding rod comprises a long rod 6 and a short rod 7 which is hinged with the long rod 6, the front end of the long rod 6 is hinged with the lacing wire disc 3 through a front hinging rod 19, and the rear end of the short rod 7 is hinged with the lacing wire disc 17 through a rear hinging rod 21; all folding bars realize circumferential drawknot through a plurality of layers of stirrups 9, through setting element 10 fixed connection between folding bars and the stirrups 9.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the grouting pipe ii is provided for performing static pressure grouting on the space inside the membrane bag, and the grouting outlet of the grouting pipe ii may be formed on the front side of the tensioning rib plate, and at this time, the grouting hole 24 needs to be formed on the tensioning rib plate at the same time, as shown in fig. 4 and 7; and can also be arranged at the rear side of the lacing wire disc, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.
Preferably, the grouting pipe II is arranged at the attachment position on the umbrella-shaped expanding device, can be a lacing wire plate, can also be a penetrating wire plate, and can also penetrate through the cylindrical construction pipe to enter the umbrella-shaped expanding device and be attached to the cylindrical construction pipe, as shown in fig. 6. The grout outlet of the grouting pipe II is preferably arranged at the rear side of the lacing wire disc and at the front part of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device. In order to prevent the grouting pipe II from blocking the sliding of the tendon penetrating disc, the grouting pipe II can selectively pass through the tendon penetrating disc in a movable mode, or laterally pass through the cylindrical structural pipe, or adopt a hose between the tendon pulling disc and the tendon penetrating disc.
Preferably, the whole shape of the embodiment is in a reverse conical shape, the structure belongs to a high-rigidity reinforced concrete structure, the tensile bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete structure is from the compressive bearing capacity of a rock-soil body bearing layer behind the expansion head, namely, only the end bearing capacity is calculated, the cement consolidation body outside the membrane bag does not belong to the component part of the expansion head compression structure, and does not participate in the design stress calculation, so that the reinforced concrete structure is essentially different from the friction type design of the anchor cable anchoring section of the bag type anchor cable, and the material selection is also greatly different.
Preferably, the membrane bag is connected with the lacing wire disc and the lacing wire disc, and can be fixed by directly adding a screw and pressing ring, as shown in fig. 2, or can be fixed by sleeving a screw and pressing ring, sleeving a binding wire, a pull rope, a tension spring and the like, or sleeving a sealing and fixing, and the like, and an anti-falling part can be arranged at the tail part of the guide cap during sleeving so as to prevent the guide cap from falling off in construction, as shown in fig. 4 and 7. Meanwhile, the membrane bag can not only contain the front end of the anchor bar and the load conversion device, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, but also not contain the front end of the anchor bar and the load conversion device, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 5 and 6.
Preferably, the tube scale is used as a scale as shown in fig. 10: after the umbrellase:Sub>A-shaped expansion device is assembled and installed, measuring and recording ase:Sub>A travel C of the rib penetrating disc sliding forwards when the umbrellase:Sub>A-shaped folding rod group is changed from ase:Sub>A furled state to ase:Sub>A set expansion state, reading ase:Sub>A scale value A corresponding to the top of an anchor rib before anchoring, reading ase:Sub>A scale value B corresponding to the top of the anchor rib after anchoring is completed and the umbrellase:Sub>A-shaped folding rod group is expanded and opened, and obtaining that the rib penetrating disc slides to ase:Sub>A preset position and the umbrellase:Sub>A-shaped expansion device is expanded and opened to ase:Sub>A preset state when B-A=C.
Preferably, the rear part of the guide cap is connected with the lacing wire disc in a plurality of connection modes such as welding, threaded connection, buckling connection, bolt connection, head sleeve type movable connection and the like, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, but a rear-facing exhaust gap or an exhaust channel is reserved at the same time, so that the front side of the lacing wire disc and the inside of the guide cap are fully exhausted when being grouted, and the quality of protective grouting is reliable (except for the closed inner anchor head when the invention is applied to the recyclable anchor cable).
The geometric shape of the embodiment is in a trans-conical shape, structurally belongs to a high-rigidity reinforced concrete structure, the tensile bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete structure only calculates the compressive bearing capacity of a rock-soil body bearing layer behind the expansion head, namely the end bearing capacity, and the cement concretion outside the membrane bag does not belong to a component part of the expansion head compression structure, and the friction resistance between the cement concretion and the rock-soil body of the borehole wall of the reaming section does not participate in design stress calculation, so that the reinforced concrete structure is essentially different from the friction design of the capsule type anchor cable anchoring section.
In addition, under the condition that concrete is not considered to participate in compression resistance, when the lacing wire disc is fixedly connected, the lacing wire disc is fixedly restrained to two ends of the construction rod through the limiting device, meanwhile, the lacing wire disc is hinged to the short rod, the lacing wire disc is hinged to the long rod, the short rod and the construction rod practically form a steel structure, and in terms of structural mechanics, the lacing wire disc is a three-hinge static fixed structure capable of bearing loads independently, as shown in fig. 11, the lacing wire disc cannot deform after being subjected to external force (namely rock-soil body counterforce P) in the strength range of the three parts, and the lacing wire disc is a mechanical foundation for continuously improving bearing capacity of the trans-conical umbrella-shaped expansion head on the basis of the expansion head of the reinforced cage concrete.
While fig. 12 shows a four-hinge structure formed by three hinge rods in the prior art, which is non-stationary and can rotate and tilt only by slight external force, the non-stationary structure is a mechanical foundation for calculating the bearing capacity of the umbrella-shaped enlarged head, that is, the structure only has the compressive strength of plain concrete after grouting, and the bearing capacity of the structure is greatly different from that of the invention.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the mechanical properties of the reinforced concrete structure and the steel structure are obviously improved.
The concrete construction method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(A) And (3) assembling and installing: assembling an umbrella-shaped expanding device, and mounting the anchor bar 4, the grouting pipe II 11, the grouting pipe I12 and the pipe ruler 13 on the umbrella-shaped expanding device;
(B) Drilling holes; separate from the umbrella feeding operation;
(C) Pre-reaming: forming a reaming section; separate from the umbrella feeding operation;
(D) And (3) drill withdrawal: the drilling tool and the spraying tool for drilling and reaming are withdrawn out of the hole;
(E) Washing holes: placing the cleaning tool into the reaming section, cleaning out the holes of sediment and mud in the reaming section and the rock-soil bearing layer section by taking one or more of water, air and cement paste as a medium, and then withdrawing the cleaning tool;
(F) Delivering an umbrella: integrally conveying the assembled umbrella-shaped expanding device, the anchor bars 4, the grouting pipe II 11 and the grouting pipe I12 into a reaming section, and synchronously carrying the pipe ruler 13 into a borehole;
(G) Expanding the umbrella-shaped folding rod group: expanding and opening an umbrella-shaped folding rod group in the reaming section, wherein the umbrella-shaped folding rod group can open the membrane bag 8;
(H) Grouting: carrying out static pressure grouting on the space in the membrane bag 8 through a grouting pipe II 11; or firstly, through a grouting pipe I12, static pressure grouting is carried out on a reaming section outside the membrane bag 8 and a rock-soil bearing stratum section, and then through a grouting pipe II 11, static pressure grouting is carried out on a space inside the membrane bag 8.
In the step (E), the water pump is used to input circulating water for cleaning or compressed air is used for cleaning in the past, but practice proves that the cleaning effect of the circulating water and the compressed air is poor; from the aspect of cleaning effect, spin-spray cleaning is preferred; the specific cleaning method allows selection according to the actual situation. According to the structure of the rotary spraying cleaning tool, two types of rotary spraying (compressed air and two types of media of water or cement slurry are coaxially sprayed) and single-pipe rotary spraying (media of water or cement slurry) are adopted, and the double-pipe rotary spraying effect is good. When the rotary jet flow method is adopted to clean the reaming section, the special cleaning can be omitted for the situation that the rotary jet flow technology is adopted in the pore-forming and reaming processes before; if the non-rotary spraying technique is adopted to drill holes and the simple reamer is adopted to ream holes, the reaming section and the rock-soil bearing layer section should be cleaned specially. In the final stage of the rotary spraying cleaning work, if cement slurry is adopted for cleaning, the slurry in the holes is fully replaced, and the rock-soil bearing layer section can be well reinforced.
Specifically, under the geological condition shown in fig. 1, a single anchor bearing capacity characteristic value of the anti-floating anchor rod is designed to be 100t (1000 kN), under the condition that an upper pebble layer and a sand layer are not counted, when the caliber of an umbrella-shaped expansion head is 450mm, the minimum thickness of a fully weathered-strong weathered mud layer (or a plastic-hard plastic clay layer) serving as a supporting layer section of the umbrella-shaped expansion head is calculated to be only 7.1m, when the supporting layer section of the umbrella-shaped expansion head is a middle weathered mud layer, the minimum thickness of the umbrella-shaped expansion head is only 2.7m, compared with the prior art in the market, the reliability and the durability of the anchor rod are easy, and the friction anchor rod is 5-10 times that of the embodiment and the capsule anchor rod is 2-3 times that of the embodiment only in terms of drilling and reaming depth with the same diameter, so that the friction anchor rod is remarkably improved in engineering technology.
Example 2:
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment adopts a reinforced cage concrete structure without structural members, and is suitable for the situation of low design bearing capacity.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 4, the anchor bar in this embodiment is made of a pipe, such as a steel pipe, a glass fiber pipe, or a carbon fiber pipe.
Example 4:
As shown in fig. 5, the grouting pipe ii in this embodiment is disposed outside the construction barrel.
Example 5:
As shown in fig. 6, the grouting pipe ii in this embodiment is disposed in the construction barrel and penetrates the construction barrel laterally.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, the grouting pipe ii is placed in the construction barrel and is threaded through the lacing wire plate.
Example 7:
As shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, the stirrup is made of a W-shaped folding rod, and when the umbrella-shaped folding rod set is opened, the arrow in fig. 8 indicates the movement direction of the hinged stirrup.
Example 8:
as shown in fig. 9, in this embodiment, the stirrup is made of N-type folding bars, and when the umbrella-shaped folding bar set is opened, the arrow in fig. 9 indicates the movement direction of the hinged stirrup.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head by using the pipe ruler comprises an umbrella-shaped body expanding device and a plurality of anchor bars (4) penetrating through the umbrella-shaped body expanding device, and is characterized by further comprising a grouting pipe II (11), wherein a membrane bag (8) is sleeved outside the umbrella-shaped body expanding device, a grout outlet of the grouting pipe II (11) is positioned in the membrane bag (8), and the inside of the umbrella-shaped body expanding device sequentially comprises a lacing wire disc (3), an umbrella-shaped folding rod group and a lacing wire disc (17) from front to back;
The pipe ruler (13) is connected with the rib penetrating disc (17), the pipe ruler (13) extends towards the rear side direction of the rib penetrating disc (17), and graduation marks are arranged on the surface of the pipe ruler (13);
After the umbrellase:Sub>A-shaped expansion device is assembled and installed, measuring and recording ase:Sub>A travel C of the rib penetrating disc sliding forwards when the umbrellase:Sub>A-shaped folding rod group is changed from ase:Sub>A furled state to ase:Sub>A set expansion state, reading ase:Sub>A scale value A corresponding to the top of an anchor rib before anchoring, reading ase:Sub>A scale value B corresponding to the top of the anchor rib after anchoring is completed and the umbrellase:Sub>A-shaped folding rod group is expanded and opened, and obtaining that the rib penetrating disc slides to ase:Sub>A preset position and the umbrellase:Sub>A-shaped expansion device is expanded and opened to ase:Sub>A preset state when B-A=C.
2. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membranous bag-shaped umbrella-shaped enlarged head by using the pipe ruler according to claim 1 is characterized in that the front end of the anchor bar (4) movably passes through the lacing wire disc (3) and the rear end movably passes through the lacing wire disc (17); the front end of the anchor bar (4) is provided with a load conversion device (2), and the load conversion device (2) is contacted with the lacing wire disc (3) and is used for transmitting the tension force of the anchor bar (4) to the lacing wire disc (3); the front end and the rear end of the membrane bag (8) are respectively connected with the lacing wire disc (3) and the lacing wire disc (17).
3. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head by using the pipe ruler according to claim 2, wherein a construction member (5) is movably arranged on the rib penetrating disc (17), the front end head of the construction member (5) is fixedly connected with the lacing wire disc (3), and the construction member (5) is used for providing a sliding rail for the front and back movement of the rib penetrating disc (17).
4. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head by using the pipe ruler according to claim 2, wherein the limit device (14) is arranged behind the lacing wire disc (3) and in front of the lacing wire disc (17) in the umbrella-shaped expanding device, and the lacing wire disc (17) cannot pass through the limit device (14) when sliding forwards.
5. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head by using the pipe ruler according to claim 2, wherein a backstop device (15) is arranged behind a lacing wire plate (3) and in front of a wire penetrating plate (17) in the umbrella-shaped expanding device, and the wire penetrating plate (17) is allowed to pass through the backstop device (15) in one direction when sliding forwards.
6. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head by using the pipe ruler according to claim 2, wherein the anchor bar (4) at the rear side of the lacing wire disc (3) is provided with a fixing device (20), and the fixing device (20) is contacted with the lacing wire disc (3) but cannot pass through the lacing wire disc (3).
7. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped expansion head by using the pipe ruler according to claim 2, further comprising a grouting pipe I (12), wherein the grouting pipe I (12) penetrates through the umbrella-shaped expansion device, a grout outlet of the grouting pipe I (12) is positioned outside the membrane bag (8), and the grout outlet of the grouting pipe I (12) is positioned on the front side of the lacing wire disc (3).
8. The construction method for judging the expanded state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head by using the pipe ruler according to claim 2, wherein the pipe ruler (13) is internally provided with an exhaust passage communicated with the inside of the umbrella-shaped expanding device.
9. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head by using the pipe ruler according to claim 2, wherein the front end of the umbrella-shaped expanding device is provided with a guide cap (1), the guide cap (1) is connected with a lacing wire disc (3), and a pulp passing hole (22) is formed in the front part of the guide cap (1).
10. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head by using the pipe ruler according to claim 2, wherein the umbrella-shaped folding rod group consists of a plurality of folding rods, each folding rod comprises a long rod (6) and a short rod (7) hinged with the long rod, the front end of the long rod (6) is hinged with a lacing wire disc (3) through a front hinging rod (19), and the rear end of the short rod (7) is hinged with a lacing wire disc (17) through a rear hinging rod (21); all the folding rods are circumferentially tied through a plurality of layers of stirrups (9), and the folding rods are fixedly connected with the stirrups (9) through positioning pieces (10); the stirrup adopts flexible tensile material, W type folding rod or N type folding rod, wherein W or N type folding rod and long pole and short pole are articulated or sliding type hinge respectively between them.
11. The construction method for judging the expansion state of the membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head based on the application pipe ruler as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(A) And (3) assembling and installing: assembling an umbrella-shaped expanding device, and installing an anchor bar (4), a grouting pipe II (11), a grouting pipe I (12) and a pipe ruler (13) on the umbrella-shaped expanding device;
(B) Drilling holes; separate from the umbrella feeding operation;
(C) Pre-reaming: forming a reaming section; separate from the umbrella feeding operation;
(D) And (3) drill withdrawal: the drilling tool and the spraying tool for drilling and reaming are withdrawn out of the hole;
(E) Washing holes: placing the cleaning tool into the reaming section, cleaning out the holes of sediment and mud in the reaming section and the rock-soil bearing layer section by taking one or more of water, air and cement paste as a medium, and then withdrawing the cleaning tool;
(F) Delivering an umbrella: integrally conveying the assembled umbrella-shaped expanding device, the anchor bars (4), the grouting pipes II (11) and the grouting pipes I (12) into a reaming section, and synchronously carrying the pipe ruler (13) into a borehole;
(G) Expanding the umbrella-shaped folding rod group: expanding and opening an umbrella-shaped folding rod group in the reaming section, wherein the umbrella-shaped folding rod group props up the membrane bag (8);
the pipe ruler is made of rigid materials, and the umbrella-shaped expanding device can obtain external assistance by means of the rigid pipe ruler when the expansion is open and has a barrier;
When the umbrella-shaped expanding device is hung into the reaming section, under the action of the dead weights of the umbrella-shaped expanding device and the pipe ruler, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group can be automatically opened, and the pipe ruler can downwards push the rib penetrating disc to enable the umbrella-shaped folding rod group to be opened; for the anchor rod and the anchor cable of the foundation pit or the side slope, the rib penetrating disc can be pushed forward through the pipe ruler to enable the umbrella-shaped folding rod group to be unfolded; or under the condition that the rib penetrating disc is blocked by the outer opening of the reaming section or the pipe ruler, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is opened in a mode of manually pulling the rib penetrating disc outwards; or the reset spring and the rear supporting plate are arranged on the grouting pipe or the pipe ruler or the constructional member or the anchor bar, so that the umbrella-shaped folding rod group is unfolded, and an electromagnetic control switch can be additionally arranged on the reset spring to control the expansion and contraction of the umbrella-shaped folding rod group; or adopting a hydraulic expansion mode to open the umbrella-shaped folding rod group;
(H) Grouting: carrying out static pressure grouting on the space in the membrane bag (8) through a grouting pipe II (11); or firstly, carrying out static pressure grouting on a reaming section outside the membrane bag (8) and a rock-soil bearing stratum section through a grouting pipe I (12), and then carrying out static pressure grouting on a space inside the membrane bag (8) through a grouting pipe II (11).
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| CN201910027395.7A CN109518690B (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2019-01-11 | Pre-reaming post-planting type membrane bag type umbrella-shaped enlarged head and construction method thereof |
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