CN109504354B - Lubricant, drilling fluid and application thereof - Google Patents
Lubricant, drilling fluid and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109504354B CN109504354B CN201910031418.1A CN201910031418A CN109504354B CN 109504354 B CN109504354 B CN 109504354B CN 201910031418 A CN201910031418 A CN 201910031418A CN 109504354 B CN109504354 B CN 109504354B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/035—Organic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/34—Lubricant additives
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Abstract
The invention provides a lubricant, a drilling fluid and application thereof, wherein the drilling fluid comprises 1-5 parts of bentonite, 1-3 parts of a drag reducer and 2-5 parts of a lubricant, a lubricant comprises base oil, an extreme pressure agent, an organic molybdenum compound and an adsorption film forming agent, and the mass ratio of the base oil, the extreme pressure agent, the organic molybdenum compound and the adsorption film forming agent is (60-80): 10-20): 5-15): 2-8; the drilling fluid provided by the invention has better lubricating, drag-reducing and wear-resisting properties, can obviously reduce the friction resistance and torque in the deep large-inclination and large-displacement drilling process when being used as the drag-reducing lubricating drilling fluid for the deep large-displacement well, reduces the wear and oxidation of a drilling tool and a casing, and is suitable for the exploration and development of deep petroleum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petrochemical industry, and relates to a lubricant, a drilling fluid and application thereof.
Background
Along with the continuous development of petroleum exploration and development, the complex conditions faced in the drilling engineering are increasingly prominent, large-displacement horizontal wells, directional wells, long open hole deep wells and wells with complex structures are gradually increased, and higher requirements on the performance of drilling fluid, particularly water-based drilling fluid, are provided in the aspects of reducing frictional resistance and improving the mechanical drilling rate. The conventional lubricant has the problems of low extreme pressure film strength, poor lubrication lasting effect, high fluorescence level, poor temperature resistance, high toxicity and the like, and the conventional lubricant is difficult to meet the requirements of modern drilling.
Frictional resistance during drilling mainly takes three forms: the drill stem rotates in the drilling fluid, and the drilling fluid is subjected to viscous cutting resistance which is expressed as fluid friction; when the drill string is in multipoint contact with the well wall, the drill string and the well wall are separated from each other either without any medium to generate dry friction or by a boundary film with a layered structure and lubricating performance to generate boundary friction. The lubricating property of the drilling fluid is related to the density, the particle size distribution, the temperature, the viscosity, the liquid phase activity and the lubricating property of the lubricant, and the lubricating property of the lubricant is closely related to the emulsifying and dispersing capacity, the film forming capacity, the oil film strength, the lubricating coefficient and the permeability of the lubricant.
The deep drilling of petroleum is generally accompanied by high temperature and high pressure, and the lubricity is an important problem of regulating and controlling the performance of the high-temperature high-density drilling fluid of the deep large-displacement well and a technical bottleneck for restricting the deep large-displacement drilling construction. At present, no efficient lubricant aiming at high-density drilling fluid is developed in China, and under the conditions of high temperature, high density, high solid phase and strong alkali, a common lubricant loses activity due to factors such as crosslinking, degradation, volatilization, emulsion breaking and the like, so that the lubricating efficiency is greatly reduced. The high-density drilling fluid has high solid phase and thick filter cake, and the friction resistance between solid phase particles of the fluid is large, so that the high-density drilling fluid can be sticky and cut and rise after the addition of a common lubricant, and if the performance of the drilling fluid is not well controlled, complicated accidents such as sticky sticking, mud bags and the like are easily caused, the increase of the flow resistance is caused, the exertion of water horsepower is limited, and the mechanical drilling speed is reduced.
CN108624307A discloses a liquid lubricant comprising a base oil, a surfactant, carbon black and an organic molybdenum compound; the molybdenum dialkyl dithiocarbamate and the molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate are used as important components of a liquid lubricant, and both are oil-soluble organic molybdenum compounds, so that a secondary structure film is formed on a friction surface under high pressure formed by the contact of a drilling tool and a well wall, the secondary structure film is not easy to damage, and a good lubricating and antifriction effect is presented; carbon black in the liquid lubricant can form a sheet layer in the drilling process, and the carbon black sheets are separated layer by layer in an extrusion state, so that a better lubricating and antifriction effect can be achieved; meanwhile, the surfactant enables the liquid lubricant to form a proper emulsification effect in a drilling fluid system, so that the liquid lubricant can be fully and uniformly dispersed, and the lubricating and drag-reducing capacity of the liquid lubricant is improved. The effect of the method on drag reduction and lubrication needs to be further enhanced.
Therefore, the research on the drilling fluid with the functions of reducing drag and lubricating for the deep high-temperature and high-pressure well has very important significance for deep petroleum exploration.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a lubricant, drilling fluid and application thereof, so that the drilling fluid has the effects of reducing resistance and lubricating and the efficiency of petroleum exploration is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a lubricant, which comprises base oil, an extreme pressure agent, an organic molybdenum compound and an adsorption film forming agent, wherein the mass ratio of the base oil to the extreme pressure agent to the organic molybdenum compound to the adsorption film forming agent is (60-80): (10-20): (5-15): (2-8).
The lubricant provided by the invention can obviously improve the lubricating effect by reasonably matching the base oil, the extreme pressure agent, the organic molybdenum compound and the adsorption film-forming agent, can be used for drilling fluid in deep high-temperature and high-pressure wells, can obviously reduce the friction resistance and the torque in the deep large-inclination and large-displacement drilling process, and can reduce the abrasion and the oxidation of a drilling tool and a casing.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the base oil, the extreme pressure agent, the organic molybdenum compound and the absorption film forming agent is (60-80): 10-20): 5-15): 2-8, and can be 60:10:7:2, 70:13:5:5, 80:20:13:7 or 80:80:15:8, and the like. By adopting the proportion in the range, the lubricating and drag reducing effects of the lubricant can reach the best.
Preferably, the base oil comprises any one of, or a combination of at least two of, white oil, diesel oil, vegetable oil, or mineral oil, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations include: white oil and diesel oil; diesel oil, vegetable oil, mineral oil, and the like.
Preferably, the base oil is a white oil.
Preferably, the white oil is number 3 white oil.
Preferably, the extreme pressure agent is a combination of tributyl borate and a sulfurized olefin.
In the extreme pressure agent, boron, sulfur, phosphorus and the like are chemical elements with extreme pressure anti-wear capability, and form a chemical lubricating film with the metal surface at high temperature to promote the lubricating effect of the lubricant.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the tributyl borate to the sulfurized olefin is 1 (0.8-1.5), and may be, for example, 1:0.8, 1:0.9, 1:1, 1:1.1, 1:1.2, 1:1.3, 1:1.4, or 1: 1.5.
Preferably, the organomolybdenum compound is a molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate.
The organic molybdenum compound is decomposed into nano-grade molybdenum disulfide at high temperature and high pressure, and the nano-grade molybdenum disulfide is superposed on the surface of metal in a layered microcrystal structure to form a film to cover the wear-resistant layer, so that the effects of friction reduction, wear resistance and lubrication are achieved.
Preferably, the molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate has the structure
Wherein R is1、R2、R3And R4Independently selected from C3～C30Alkyl of (2) may be, for example, C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8、C9、C10、C11、C12、C13、C14、C15、C16、C17、C18、C19、C20、C22、C25、C27、C28Or C30Etc. as C3May be isopropyl, C5May be n-pentyl, C20Can be eicosyl, C22May be behenyl, and the like.
Preferably, the molybdenum element content in the molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate is 2% to 15%, and may be, for example, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, or the like, and preferably 8.5% to 10%.
In comprehensive consideration, molybdenum element has the highest cost performance within the range.
Preferably, the adsorption film forming agent is oleic acid imidazoline.
The adsorption film-forming agent is oleic acid imidazoline, which not only has traditional corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, but also has good extreme pressure, wear resistance and friction reduction performance, because N element in imidazole ring forms an organic and inorganic nitrogen film layer on the surface of a friction pair, and long-chain fatty acid chain plays a role in reducing the direct contact between steel balls and oxygen in water, thereby preventing the friction wear and oxidation of the steel balls and prolonging the service life.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method of preparing a lubricant as described in the first aspect, the method comprising: and putting the base oil, the extreme pressure agent, the organic molybdenum compound and the adsorption film-forming agent into a stirring device, and stirring to obtain the lubricant.
Preferably, the base oil, the extreme pressure agent, the organic molybdenum compound and the adsorption film-forming agent are sequentially put into a stirring device at intervals of 5-10 min according to the sequence and the proportion, and then are mixed.
Preferably, the mixing temperature is 60-90 ℃, for example, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃ or 90 ℃.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring device is 7000 to 10000 rpm, for example, 7000 rpm, 8000 rpm, 9000 rpm or 10000 rpm, etc.
In the preparation method, the time for stirring after mixing is generally 30-60 min.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a drilling fluid comprising, based on 100 parts by weight of water, 1 to 5 parts of bentonite, 1 to 3 parts of a drag reducing agent, and 2 to 5 parts of a lubricant as described in the first aspect.
The drilling fluid provided by the invention starts from the lubricating and friction reducing angles among drilling fluid and drilling tools, drilling fluid and stratum and drilling fluid, and through the synergistic matching of the lubricant and the drag reducer, the lubricating effect is obviously improved, the apparent viscosity of the drilling fluid is generally about 40mPa & s, can reach 38mPa & s at the lowest, the plastic viscosity can reach 28mPa & s at the lowest, the dynamic shear force is about 10Pa, the lubricating coefficient is below 0.1, the friction force among solid-phase particles is reduced, the friction resistance and the torque in the deep-layer large-inclination and large-displacement drilling process are greatly reduced, the abrasion and the oxidation of the drilling tools and sleeves are reduced, and the drilling fluid is very suitable for deep-layer exploration and development.
The drag reducer is beneficial to reducing the friction force among solid particles, the plastic viscosity of the drilling fluid is reduced along with the increase of the drag reducer, but the increase is in a stable range by about 1-3 percent, the increase can not be reduced after the increase, and in addition, the increase is larger and the cost is too high. The lubricity of the drilling fluid is improved along with the increase of the adding amount of the lubricant, but the increase is in a stable range by about 2-5 percent, and the drilling fluid cannot be improved any more after being increased.
The lubricant of the present invention is 2 to 5 parts by weight, for example, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, or 5 parts, and preferably 2 to 3 parts.
The bentonite of the present invention may be used in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight, for example, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts, and preferably 2 to 3 parts.
Preferably, the bentonite comprises sodium bentonite and/or calcium bentonite, preferably sodium bentonite.
The weight part of the drag reducer of the invention is 1-3 parts, for example, 1 part, 2 parts or 3 parts. Preferably 1-2 parts.
Preferably, the drag reducer comprises a fatty acid amide and a cationic surfactant.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the fatty acid amide to the cationic surfactant is (85-95) to (5-15) based on 100 parts by mass of the drag reducer.
Preferably, the fatty acid amide is tall oil fatty acid amide.
The tall oil fatty acid amide is obtained by taking tall oil fatty acid and triethanolamine as raw materials and performing amidation reaction under the action of an alkaline catalyst; the molar ratio of the tall oil fatty acid to the triethanolamine is 2: 1; the alkaline catalyst is sodium hydroxide, and the addition amount of the alkaline catalyst is 1.0 percent of the total weight of the tall oil fatty acid and the triethanolamine; the temperature of the amidation reaction was 120 ℃ and the reaction time was 16 hours.
Preferably, the cationic surfactant is any one or a combination of at least two of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dimethyl benzyl dodecyl ammonium bromide or octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and is preferably dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
The drag reducer disclosed by the invention is preferably composed of tall oil fatty acid amide and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride with strong oil wetting capacity, and the amide group and the amino group in the drag reducer are strongly adsorbed on the surface of barite in the high-density drilling fluid, so that the barite is inverted from a hydrophilic surface to an oleophilic surface, and the friction force between solid-phase particles is reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the flow resistance of the drilling fluid and simultaneously reducing the friction force between solid particles and a drilling tool.
Preferably, the drilling fluid further comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a pH adjuster, a coating agent, a gel protector, a fluid loss additive or a weighting agent. Typical but non-limiting combinations thereof include pH adjusting agents and coating agents; gel protectors and fluid loss additives; coating agents, gel protectors and fluid loss additives; pH adjusters, coatings, gel protectors, fluid loss additives, weighting agents, and the like.
Preferably, the pH adjuster is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 0.3 parts, for example, 0.1 part, 0.2 part, or 0.3 part, etc., based on 100 parts by weight of water.
The pH adjuster of the present invention may be any one or a combination of at least two of conventional basic substances, for example, alkali metal hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, alkali metal carbonate, alkaline earth metal carbonate, alkali metal bicarbonate, alkali metal acetate, alkaline earth metal acetate, alkali metal alkoxide, or alkaline earth metal alkoxide, preferably alkali metal hydroxide and/or alkali metal carbonate, more preferably any one or a combination of at least two of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or potassium hydroxide, and more preferably sodium hydroxide.
The coating agent is preferably contained in an amount of 0.3 to 0.8 parts, for example, 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, or 0.8 part, and the like, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 part, based on 100 parts by weight of water.
The coating agent of the present invention is not particularly limited in kind, and may be any one or a combination of at least two of various conventional coating agents known in the art, for example, polyacrylamide potassium salt, polyacrylamide, sodium acrylate-acrylamide copolymer or cationic polyacrylamide, preferably polyacrylamide potassium salt.
Preferably, the amount of the gel protector is 0.3 to 0.5 parts, for example, 0.3 parts, 0.4 parts, 0.5 parts, etc., preferably 0.4 to 0.5 parts, based on 100 parts by weight of water.
The kind of the gel protector of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be any one or a combination of at least two of various conventional gel protectors known in the art, for example, polyanionic cellulose, sulfometlbond resin, lignite resin, or carboxymethyl cellulose, preferably carboxymethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the fluid loss additive is present in an amount of 2 to 5 parts, for example, 2, 3, 4, or 5 parts, and preferably 2 to 3 parts, based on 100 parts by weight of water.
The fluid loss additive of the present invention may be any of various conventional materials capable of reducing the fluid loss of a drilling fluid, and may be, for example, a modified natural polymer such as carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl starch, or hydroxypropyl starch, and preferably is hydroxypropyl starch.
Preferably, the weighting agent is contained in an amount of 80 to 120 parts, for example, 80 parts, 85 parts, 90 parts, 95 parts, 100 parts, 105 parts, 110 parts, 115 parts, 120 parts, etc., preferably 100 parts and 120 parts, based on 2 to 3 parts of bentonite.
The weighting agent of the present invention is not particularly limited in kind, and may be any one or a combination of at least two of various conventional weighting agents known in the art, such as barite powder, limestone powder or iron ore powder, preferably barite powder.
As a preferred technical scheme, the drilling fluid provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of bentonite, 1-3 parts of drag reducer, 2-5 parts of lubricant, 0.1-0.3 part of pH regulator, 0.3-0.8 part of coating agent, 0.3-0.5 part of gel protector, 2-5 parts of filtrate reducer and 80-120 parts of weighting agent, wherein the addition amount of the weighting agent is 2-3 parts of bentonite as a reference, and the rest components are added based on 100 parts of water.
As a preferred technical scheme, the drilling fluid provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of bentonite, 1-2 parts of drag reducer, 2-3 parts of lubricant, 0.1-0.3 part of pH regulator, 0.3-0.5 part of coating agent, 0.4-0.5 part of gel protector, 2-3 parts of fluid loss additive and 120 parts of weighting agent, wherein the addition amount of the weighting agent is 2-3 parts of bentonite as a reference, and the rest components are added based on 100 parts of water.
In the present invention, when the components of the drilling fluid are mixed, the mixing equipment used is not particularly limited, and may be any conventional mixing equipment, such as a mixing kettle. The mixing method may be an agitation type or an oscillation type, and is preferably an agitation type. The order of addition of the respective components is not particularly limited, and all of them may be added before the start or may be added during the mixing process as required. The time and temperature of mixing are not particularly limited and may be selected by those skilled in the art according to the actual circumstances.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the use of a lubricant according to the first aspect or a drilling fluid according to the third aspect in oil exploration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the lubricant provided by the invention is more stable in performance compared with common lubricants inactivated under complex conditions through reasonable matching of the base oil, the extreme pressure agent, the organic molybdenum compound and the adsorption film-forming agent, forms a high-efficiency lubricating effect, can obviously increase a lubricating effect, and is suitable for drilling fluid in deep high-temperature and high-pressure wells.
(2) The drilling fluid provided by the invention starts from the lubricating and friction reducing angles among drilling fluid and drilling tools, drilling fluid and stratum and particles in the drilling fluid, and through the synergistic matching of the lubricant and the drag reducer, the lubricating effect is obviously improved, the apparent viscosity of the drilling fluid can reach 38mPa & s at least, the plastic viscosity can reach 28mPa & s at least, the dynamic shear force is about 10Pa, the lubricating coefficient is below 0.1, the friction force among solid-phase particles is reduced, the friction resistance and the torque in the deep-layer large-gradient and large-displacement drilling process are greatly reduced, the abrasion and the oxidation of the drilling tools and sleeves are reduced, the drilling fluid is very suitable for deep-layer exploration and development, and the drilling fluid has a good application prospect in the field of oil exploration.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
In the following examples of the invention, white oil No. 3 was purchased from the kingdom oil; the bentonite is produced in Yangyuan county of Hebei province; polyacrylamide sylvite purchased from drilling assistant, ltd, york, city, river, under the designation KPAM; polyanionic cellulose is purchased from Luzhou northern Qiaofeng chemical Co., Ltd, and the brand number is LV-PAC; hydroxypropyl starch is available from Texas Derun chemical Co., Ltd under the brand name DR-15; the barite powder is produced in Xiangshan county of Guangxi province.
Example 1
The lubricant provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in proportion: no. 3 white oil, an extreme pressure agent, molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate and oleic acid imidazoline in a mass ratio of 60:10:5:2, wherein the extreme pressure agent is tributyl borate and sulfurized olefin in a mass ratio of 1:1, and R in the molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate1、R2、R3And R4Are all selected from n-docosyl.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding No. 3 white oil, tributyl borate, sulfurized olefin, molybdenum n-docosyl dithiophosphate and oleic acid imidazoline into a stirring device in sequence according to a proportion every 5min, and mixing and stirring at 8000 revolutions per minute and a temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the lubricant.
Example 2
The lubricant provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in proportion: white oil No. 3, an extreme pressure agent, molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate and oleic acid imidazoline in a mass ratio of 70:15:10:3, wherein the extreme pressure agent is tributyl borate and vulcanizedOlefin, molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate R1、R2、R3And R4Are all selected from n-octadecyl.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding No. 3 white oil, tributyl borate, sulfurized olefin, n-octadecyl dithiophosphate molybdenum and oleic acid imidazoline into a stirring device in sequence according to a proportion every 10min, and mixing and stirring at 7000 r/min and 90 ℃ to obtain the lubricant.
Example 3
The lubricant provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in proportion: the lubricant comprises No. 3 white oil, an extreme pressure agent, molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate and oleic acid imidazoline in a mass ratio of 80:20:15:8, wherein the extreme pressure agent comprises tributyl borate and sulfurized olefin in a mass ratio of 1:0, and R in the molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate1Selected from n-pentadecyl, R2、R3And R4Are all selected from n-heptadecyl.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding No. 3 white oil, tributyl borate, sulfurized olefin, molybdenum alkyl dithiophosphate and oleic acid imidazoline into a stirring device in sequence according to a proportion every 10min, and mixing and stirring at 10000 r/min and 60 ℃ to obtain the lubricant.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a drilling fluid which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of bentonite; 0.2 part of sodium hydroxide; 0.5 part of polyacrylamide potassium salt; 0.4 part of polyanionic cellulose; 3 parts of hydroxypropyl starch; 3 parts of a lubricant; 2 parts of drag reducer; 100 parts of barite powder; 100 parts of water. Wherein the lubricant is the lubricant provided in example 1 and the drag reducing agent is a mixture of tall oil fatty acid amide and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in a 90:10 mass ratio. The components are stirred for 60min at normal temperature and normal pressure according to the proportion until the components are uniformly mixed.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a drilling fluid which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of bentonite; 0.2 part of sodium hydroxide; 0.4 part of polyacrylamide potassium salt; 0.5 part of polyanionic cellulose; 2.5 parts of hydroxypropyl starch; 2 parts of a lubricant; 1.5 parts of drag reducer; 100 parts of barite powder; 100 parts of water. Wherein the lubricant is the lubricant provided in example 1 and the drag reducing agent is a mixture of tall oil fatty acid amide and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in a mass ratio of 85: 15. The components are stirred for 60min at normal temperature and normal pressure according to the proportion until the components are uniformly mixed.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a drilling fluid which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of bentonite; 0.2 part of sodium hydroxide; 0.5 part of polyacrylamide potassium salt; 0.4 part of carboxymethyl cellulose; 2 parts of carboxymethyl starch; 2 parts of a lubricant; 1 part of drag reducer; 100 parts of barite powder; 100 parts of water. Wherein the lubricant was the lubricant provided in example 2 and the drag reducing agent was a mixture of tall oil fatty acid amide and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in a mass ratio of 95: 5. The components are stirred for 60min at normal temperature and normal pressure according to the proportion until the components are uniformly mixed.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a drilling fluid which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of bentonite; 0.1 part of sodium hydroxide; 0.3 part of polyacrylamide potassium salt; 0.3 part of carboxymethyl cellulose; 2 parts of carboxymethyl starch; 2 parts of a lubricant; 1 part of drag reducer; 60 parts of barite powder; 100 parts of water. Wherein the lubricant is the lubricant provided in example 1 and the drag reducing agent is a mixture of tall oil fatty acid amide and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in a 90:10 mass ratio. The components are stirred for 60min at normal temperature and normal pressure according to the proportion until the components are uniformly mixed.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a drilling fluid which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bentonite; 0.3 part of sodium hydroxide; 0.8 part of polyacrylamide potassium salt; 0.5 part of carboxymethyl cellulose; 5 parts of carboxymethyl starch; 5 parts of a lubricant; 3 parts of a drag reducer; 200 parts of barite powder; 100 parts of water. Wherein the lubricant is the lubricant provided in example 1 and the drag reducing agent is a mixture of tall oil fatty acid amide and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride in a 90:10 mass ratio. The components are stirred for 60min at normal temperature and normal pressure according to the proportion until the components are uniformly mixed.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 4 only in that it does not include a lubricant and a drilling fluid was prepared in the same manner as in example 4.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example differs from example 4 only in that it does not include a drag reducer and the drilling fluid was prepared as in example 4.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 4 only in that it does not include a lubricant and a drag reducer, and the drilling fluid was prepared in the same manner as in example 4.
And (3) performance testing: the drilling fluids obtained in examples 4 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to tests for rheology, fluid loss and coefficient of lubrication according to GBT16783.1-2014 "oil and gas industry drilling fluid field test part 1: water-based drilling fluid. The method for testing the lubricity of the drilling fluid starts a motor according to the operating specification of a Fann extreme pressure lubricator, the motor is pressurized to 16.96 N.m (the rotating speed is 60r/min), the motor is operated for 10min, and the lubrication coefficient of the drilling fluid is measured. The data obtained are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the drilling fluid containing the present invention has better lubricating drag reduction performance, and the lower apparent viscosity and plastic viscosity of examples 4, 5 and 6 indicate that the drag reducer reduces the friction between solid phase particles in the drilling fluid through the wetting reversal effect, and the lubricating coefficient is less than 0.1, indicating that the lubricating property is excellent. Comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 are drilling fluids without or with high-efficiency lubricants and drag reducers, and the apparent viscosity, the plastic viscosity, the fluid loss and the lubrication coefficient of the drilling fluids are high, so that the drilling requirements of high-temperature deep wells are difficult to meet. The preferred embodiment 4 can be used as a deep layer high temperature high density drilling fluid, which can significantly reduce the friction and torque in the deep layer large inclination and large displacement drilling process, and reduce the wear and oxidation of the drilling tool and the casing.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples of lubricants, drilling fluids and their use, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed methods, i.e. it is not meant to imply that the present invention must rely on the above detailed methods to be carried out. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1. The lubricant is characterized by comprising base oil, an extreme pressure agent, an organic molybdenum compound and an adsorption film-forming agent, wherein the mass ratio of the base oil to the extreme pressure agent to the organic molybdenum compound to the adsorption film-forming agent is (60-80) to (10-20) to (5-15) to (2-8);
the base oil is white oil;
the extreme pressure agent is a combination of tributyl borate and sulfurized olefin;
the organic molybdenum compound is dialkyl molybdenum dithiophosphate;
the structure of the dialkyl molybdenum dithiophosphate is
Wherein R is1、R2、R3And R4Independently selected from C3～C30Alkyl groups of (a);
the adsorption film-forming agent is oleic acid imidazoline.
2. The lubricant of claim 1, wherein the white oil is a number 3 white oil.
3. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of tributyl borate to sulfurized olefin is 1 (0.8-1.5).
4. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the molybdenum element content of the molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate is 2% to 15%.
5. The lubricant according to claim 4, wherein the molybdenum element content in the molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate is 8.5 to 10%.
6. The method of preparing the lubricant according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the method is: and putting the base oil, the extreme pressure agent, the organic molybdenum compound and the adsorption film-forming agent into a stirring device, and stirring to obtain the lubricant.
7. The preparation method of the lubricant according to claim 6, wherein the base oil, the extreme pressure agent, the organic molybdenum compound and the adsorption film-forming agent are sequentially put into a stirring device at intervals of 5-10 min in sequence and in proportion, and then mixed.
8. The method for preparing the lubricant according to claim 7, wherein the mixing temperature is 60 to 90 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the lubricant according to claim 7, wherein the rotation speed of the stirring device is 7000 to 10000 rpm.
10. A drilling fluid comprising 1 to 5 parts of bentonite, 1 to 3 parts of a drag reducing agent and 2 to 5 parts of the lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, based on 100 parts by weight of water.
11. The drilling fluid of claim 10, wherein the bentonite comprises sodium bentonite and/or calcium bentonite.
12. The drilling fluid of claim 11, wherein the bentonite is sodium bentonite.
13. The drilling fluid of claim 10, wherein the drag reducer comprises a fatty acid amide and a cationic surfactant;
wherein the fatty acid amide is tall oil fatty acid amide; the cationic surfactant is any one or the combination of at least two of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dimethyl benzyl dodecyl ammonium bromide or octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
14. The drilling fluid of claim 10, wherein the mass ratio of the fatty acid amide to the cationic surfactant is (85-95) to (5-15) based on 100 parts by mass of the drag reducer.
15. The drilling fluid of claim 13, wherein the cationic surfactant is dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride.
16. The drilling fluid of claim 10, further comprising any one or a combination of at least two of a pH adjuster, a coating agent, a size protector, a fluid loss additive, or a weighting agent.
17. The drilling fluid of claim 16, wherein the pH modifier is present in an amount of 0.1 to 0.3 parts based on 100 parts by weight of water.
18. The drilling fluid of claim 16, wherein the coating agent is present in an amount of 0.3 to 0.8 parts based on 100 parts by weight of water.
19. The drilling fluid of claim 16, wherein the size protector is present in an amount of 0.3 to 0.5 parts based on 100 parts by weight of water.
20. The drilling fluid according to claim 16, wherein the fluid loss additive is present in an amount of 2 to 5 parts based on 100 parts by weight of water.
21. The drilling fluid of claim 16, wherein the weighting agent is present in an amount of 80 to 120 parts based on 2 to 3 parts bentonite.
22. Use of the lubricant according to any one of claims 1-5 or the drilling fluid according to any one of claims 10-21 in oil exploration.
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| US20210371729A1 (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-02 | Multi-Chem Group, Llc | Enhancement Of Friction Reducer Performance In Hydraulic Fracturing |
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