CN109477445B - 燃料输送装置和在燃料输送装置中输送燃料的方法 - Google Patents

燃料输送装置和在燃料输送装置中输送燃料的方法 Download PDF

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CN109477445B
CN109477445B CN201780046245.XA CN201780046245A CN109477445B CN 109477445 B CN109477445 B CN 109477445B CN 201780046245 A CN201780046245 A CN 201780046245A CN 109477445 B CN109477445 B CN 109477445B
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M·伯恩豪普特
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/0265Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/027More than one high pressure pump feeding a single common rail
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/10Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous
    • F02D19/105Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous operating in a special mode, e.g. in a liquid fuel only mode for starting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3845Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped
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    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
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    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0047Four-way valves or valves with more than four ways
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0245Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure between the high pressure pump and the common rail
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B7/00Engines characterised by the fuel-air charge being ignited by compression ignition of an additional fuel
    • F02B7/06Engines characterised by the fuel-air charge being ignited by compression ignition of an additional fuel the fuel in the charge being gaseous
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2400/00Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
    • F02D2400/08Redundant elements, e.g. two sensors for measuring the same parameter
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    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0027Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0054Check valves
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的燃料喷射装置的燃料输送装置(1),具有彼此并联布置的大高压泵(16)和小高压泵(14),其中,通过所述大高压泵(16)并且通过所述小高压泵(14)能够将燃料从低压区域(13)输送到高压区域(18)中。所述高压区域(18)与至少一个喷射器(21)连接。设置控制装置(30),通过所述控制装置能够将所述大高压泵(16)或者所述小高压泵(14)的整个输送量经由溢流管路(15)溢流到所述低压区域(13)中。

Description

燃料输送装置和在燃料输送装置中输送燃料的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的燃料喷射装置的燃料输送装置和一种用于在燃料输送装置中输送燃料的方法。
背景技术
这样的燃料输送装置由DE 10 2012 200 706已知。该燃料输送装置具有输送泵,通过该输送泵将燃料输送至高压泵的抽吸侧。通过高压泵将燃料输送到高压区域中,由该高压区域至少间接地给燃料喷射装置的至少一个喷射器供给燃料。在输送泵与高压泵的抽吸侧之间,旁路连接通向低压区域。
发明内容
本发明提出一种用于作为双燃料发动机的内燃机的燃料喷射装置的燃料输送装置,所述燃料输送装置具有彼此并联布置的大高压泵和小高压泵,其中,所述大高压泵的最大输送量大于所述小高压泵的最大输送量,其中,通过所述大高压泵并且通过所述小高压泵能够将燃料从低压区域输送到高压区域中,其中,所述高压区域与至少一个喷射器连接,其中,设置控制装置,所述控制装置具有两个位置,使得在第一位置中释放所述大高压泵的压力侧与所述高压区域之间的连接并且释放所述小高压泵的压力侧与所述溢流管路之间的连接,并且在第二位置中释放所述小高压泵的压力侧与所述高压区域之间的连接并且释放所述大高压泵的压力侧与所述溢流管路之间的连接,通过所述控制装置使得能够将所述大高压泵的整个输送量或者所述小高压泵的整个输送量经由溢流管路溢流到所述低压区域中。
根据本发明的燃料输送装置具有以下优点:通过使大高压泵或小高压泵的整个输送量经由溢流管路溢流到低压区域中,使得能够根据双燃料发动机的运行方式良好地匹配于相应的燃料需求。
在双燃料发动机中,在以气态燃料运行(气体运行)时仅需要小的液态燃料量,以便实现点火。
相反地,在双燃料发动机以液态燃料运行(液态燃料运行)时需要大的液态燃料量,所述液态燃料量必须通过燃料输送装置来运送。
根据本发明的燃料输送装置能够输送非常小的液态燃料量用于双燃料发动机的气体运行并且能够输送非常大的燃料量用于液态燃料运行。在此,在气体运行时的小液态燃料量可以仅为在液体燃料运行时的燃料量的0.5%至5%。
通过使用彼此并联连接的大高压泵和小高压泵,其中,大高压泵在气体运行时输送燃料到低压区域中,可以避免由于过低燃料流量引起的高压泵过热。此外,可以避免由于过低燃料量而引起的阀的气穴问题或者避免由于大高压泵的非常小的负荷而引起的压力调节问题。
在下面给出根据本发明的燃料输送装置的有利构型和扩展方案。
有利的是,大高压泵的最大输送量比小高压泵的最大输送量大至少两倍,优选10倍,因为从而能够根据相应的运行方式满足所需的燃料量。
有利的是,控制装置是阀,尤其两位四通换向阀,该两位四通换向阀具有两个位置,使得在第一位置中释放大高压泵的压力侧与高压区域之间的连接和小高压泵的压力侧与溢流管路之间的连接,并且在第二位置中释放小高压泵的压力侧与高压区域之间的连接和大高压泵的压力侧与溢流管路之间的连接。
大高压泵的压力侧可以通过控制装置或者与溢流管路或者与高压区域连接。以这种方式,在气体运行时,如果高压泵与溢流管路连接,则能够实现大高压泵的到低压区域中的零输送,使得大高压泵进一步以新鲜燃料被冲洗并且避免由于过小输送量而引起的问题。大高压泵的输送压力在与溢流管路连接时(零输送)下降到低压区域中的压力水平,使得也可以减小大高压泵的驱动功率并且可以节省能量。
为了避免燃料输送装置的复杂结构,有利的是,小高压泵经由点火管路总是与高压区域连接。
有利的是,控制装置是阀,尤其两位三通换向阀,该两位三通换向阀具有两个位置,使得在第一位置中释放大高压泵的压力侧与高压区域之间的连接,并且在第二位置中释放大高压泵的压力侧与溢流管路之间的连接,因为这两个替代状态可以通过唯一构件来实现。
由于小的复杂性,布置在溢流管路中的冲洗阀作为控制装置是有利的,其中,溢流管路在止回阀和大高压泵之间布置在高压连接管路中。
小高压泵能够以有利的方式机械地耦合到大高压泵上并且通过该大高压泵被驱动,以便节省附加的机械接口。
附图说明
在附图中示出并且在下面的说明中更详细地阐述本发明的优选实施例。附图示出了:
图1在示意图中示出根据第一实施例的内燃机的燃料输送装置,
图2在示意图中示出根据第二实施例的内燃机的燃料输送装置,
图3在示意图中示出根据第三实施例的内燃机的燃料输送装置。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出内燃机的燃料喷射装置,该燃料喷射装置具有燃料输送装置1。该燃料输送装置1具有彼此并联布置的至少一个大高压泵16和小高压泵14。通过至少一个大高压泵16和小高压泵14可以将燃料输送到燃料喷射装置的高压区域18中。
高压区域18例如包括高压存储器。由高压区域18给一个或多个喷射器21供给燃料,其中,内燃机的每个汽缸配有至少一个喷射器21。
在燃料输送装置1中布置有控制装置30,该控制装置可以将大高压泵16的整个输送量或小高压泵14的整个输送量经由溢流管路15溢流到低压区域13中。
低压区域13包括至少一个输送泵10,该输送泵将来自贮存容器12中的燃料输送至大高压泵16的抽吸侧和小高压泵14的抽吸侧。在低压区域13中还可以布置另外的管路、阀和过滤器。因为元件在低压区域13中的布置可以是任意的,所以下面仅论述作为低压区域13的该区域。
燃料输送装置根据双燃料发动机的相应运行方式将不同的燃料量输送到高压区域18中。如果双燃料发动机以液态燃料被运行(液态燃料运行),则必须通过燃料输送装置1将大的液态燃料量输送到高压区域18中并且输送至喷射器21。这能够通过大高压泵16的运行来实现,所述大高压泵具有比小高压泵14更大的最大输送体积。
如果燃料输送装置1处于液态燃料运行中,则控制装置30被这样地操控,使得大高压泵16的整个输送量被输送到高压区域18中,而小高压泵14的整个输送量或者经由溢流管路15被溢流或者附加地被输送到高压区域18中。
如果双燃料发动机以气态燃料被运行(气体运行),则仅须将用于气态燃料点火的小的液态燃料量通过燃料输送装置1输送到高压区域18中并且输送至喷射器21。该小的燃料量可以只通过小高压泵14被输送至喷射器21。
如果燃料输送装置1处于气体运行中,则控制装置30被这样地操控,使得大高压泵16的整个输送量经由溢流管路15被溢流到低压区域30中,而小高压泵14的整个输送量被输送到高压区域18中。
大高压泵16的最大输送量比小高压泵14的最大输送量大至少两倍,优选10倍。在另一实施方式中,大高压泵16的最大输送量比小高压泵14的最大输送量大至少20倍。
上述布置和阐述适用于下面所有的实施例。
根据第一实施例,控制装置30是第一换向阀33,尤其两位四通换向阀33,该换向阀具有两个位置并且将点火管路31和泵管路32与溢流管路15和通向高压区域18中的高压管路19连接,所述点火管路与小高压泵14的抽吸侧连接,所述泵管路32与大高压泵16的抽吸侧连接。
在第一换向阀33的第一位置中,大高压泵16的压力侧与高压区域18之间的连接和小高压泵14的压力侧与溢流管路15之间的连接被释放。在第一换向阀33的第一位置中,点火管路31和溢流管路15相互连接,以及泵管路32和高压管路19相互连接。
在第一换向阀33的第二位置中,小高压泵14的压力侧与高压区域18之间的连接和大高压泵16的压力侧与溢流管路15之间的连接被释放。在第一换向阀33的第二位置中,点火管路31和高压管路19相互连接,以及泵管路32和溢流管路15相互连接。
在图2中示出第二实施例。控制装置30是第二换向阀34,尤其两位三通换向阀34,该换向阀具有两个位置并且将泵管路32或者与溢流管路15、或者与高压管路19连接,所述泵管路与大高压泵16的抽吸侧连接,所述高压管路通向高压区域18中。
在第二换向阀34的第一位置中,大高压泵16的压力侧与高压区域18之间的连接被释放,在第二换向阀34的第二位置中,大高压泵16的压力侧与溢流管路15之间的连接被释放。
在第二换向阀34的第一位置中,泵管路32和高压管路19相互连接,在第二换向阀34的第二位置中,泵管路32和溢流管路15相互连接。
小高压泵14的压力侧总是与高压区域18连接。点火管路31将小高压泵14与通向高压区域18中的高压管路19连接。
在图3中示出第三实施例。控制装置30具有冲洗阀41,该冲洗阀布置在溢流管路15中。冲洗阀31能够以气动、电和液压的方式***控并且通过未进一步示出的控制装置被打开或关闭。溢流管路15从高压连接管路19分支并且布置在止回阀42和大高压泵16之间,所述高压连接管路将大高压泵16与高压区域18连接。
当超过在面向大高压泵16的一侧上的预给定的打开压力时,止回阀42打开大高压泵16的压力侧与高压区域18之间的连接。当冲洗阀41关闭时,该打开压力可以通过大高压泵16在低输送量的情况下已经建立。通过止回阀42燃料不能从高压区域18朝大高压泵16的方向回流。
如果冲洗阀41关闭,则通过大高压泵16将燃料经由止回阀42输送到高压区域18中。如果冲洗阀41打开,则大高压泵16的整个输送量经由溢流管路15流到低压区域13中。一旦高压泵16将燃料输送到低压区域13中,在止回阀42之前的压力就崩溃,使得止回阀42关闭。
小高压泵14的压力侧总是与高压区域18连接。点火管路31将小高压泵14与通向高压区域18中的高压管路19在止回阀42上游的区域中连接。
在另一实施例中,小高压泵14可以实施为附装到大高压泵16上的附装件并且通过大高压泵16被驱动。以这种方式取消在发动机上的用于驱动小高压泵14的机械接口。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于作为双燃料发动机的内燃机的燃料喷射装置的燃料输送装置(1),所述燃料输送装置具有彼此并联布置的大高压泵(16)和小高压泵(14),其中,所述大高压泵(16)的最大输送量大于所述小高压泵(14)的最大输送量,其中,通过所述大高压泵(16)并且通过所述小高压泵(14)能够将燃料从低压区域(13)输送到高压区域(18)中,其中,所述高压区域(18)与至少一个喷射器(21)连接,其特征在于,设置控制装置(30),所述控制装置具有两个位置,使得
在第一位置中释放所述大高压泵(16)的压力侧与所述高压区域(18)之间的连接并且释放所述小高压泵(14)的压力侧与溢流管路(15)之间的连接,并且
在第二位置中释放所述小高压泵(14)的压力侧与所述高压区域(18)之间的连接并且释放所述大高压泵(16)的压力侧与所述溢流管路(15)之间的连接,使得能够将所述大高压泵(16)的整个输送量或者所述小高压泵(14)的整个输送量经由溢流管路(15)溢流到所述低压区域(13)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置(1),其特征在于,所述大高压泵(16)的最大输送量比所述小高压泵(14)的最大输送量大至少两倍。
3.根据权利要求1所述的燃料输送装置(1),其特征在于,所述大高压泵(16)的最大输送量比所述小高压泵(14)的最大输送量大10倍。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的燃料输送装置(1),其特征在于,所述控制装置(30)是阀。
5.根据权利要求4所述的燃料输送装置(1),其特征在于,所述阀是两位四通换向阀(33)。
6.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的燃料输送装置(1),其特征在于,所述小高压泵(14)机械地耦合到所述大高压泵(16)上并且能够通过该大高压泵被驱动。
7.一种在根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的燃料输送装置(1)中用于输送燃料的方法,其特征在于,在所述燃料输送装置(1)以气体运行时,所述大高压泵(16)的整个输送量被输送到所述低压区域(13)中。
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