CN109474260A - A kind of adjustable oscillator of number - Google Patents

A kind of adjustable oscillator of number Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109474260A
CN109474260A CN201910026783.3A CN201910026783A CN109474260A CN 109474260 A CN109474260 A CN 109474260A CN 201910026783 A CN201910026783 A CN 201910026783A CN 109474260 A CN109474260 A CN 109474260A
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coupled
nmos tube
grid
capacitor
phase inverter
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CN109474260B (en
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杨燕
赵健雄
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Chengdu University of Information Technology
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Chengdu University of Information Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K7/00Modulating pulses with a continuously-variable modulating signal
    • H03K7/08Duration or width modulation ; Duty cycle modulation

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  • Pulse Circuits (AREA)
  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)

Abstract

Disclose a kind of adjustable oscillator of number.The adjustable oscillator of number includes: switch control array circuit and multivibrator core circuit.Its switch control array circuit is used to adjust the turnover voltage of phase inverter, its multivibrator core circuit is for exporting square wave, to adjust the duty ratio of impulse wave by control array circuit, reaches the adjustable effect of number, realize to the high-precision adjusting of oscillator duty ratio.The adjustable oscillator of number provided by the invention realizes the adjustable purpose of number with new method, and more efficiently, accurately to the control of duty ratio.And the chip area of very little is only taken up using digital circuit regulation duty ratio, cost has been saved well while solving technical problem.

Description

A kind of adjustable oscillator of number
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oscillators, belong to field of analog integrated circuit, and in particular to a kind of adjustable oscillation of number Device.
Background technique
The birth of oscillator from circuit, oneself is through there is the developing history of last 100 years.During this period, with both domestic and external half The development of conductor industry, oscillator are own through gradually developing to deep-submicron even Nano grade from earliest electron tube, transistor The component of integrated level.As one kind of frequency source, oscillator is played in electronics, communication, biotechnology etc. numerous areas can not The effect of substitution produces extensive far-reaching influence.Since the initial stage of radio development, oscillator is become receiving with regard to oneself The pith of signal and transmitting signal, can produce high-frequency carrier voltage in transmitters, can also make in receivers For the generator of mixing.With the continuous promotion of oscillator technique, the load into cellular phone is generated from the clock of microprocessor Wave synthesis, oscillator are ubiquitous.Now, CMOS analogue layout industry is just towards low pressure, low-power consumption, high integration Direction develop.And it is also higher and higher to wearable product demand, product is sent out to more frivolous, more longlasting direction at last Exhibition, the oscillator unit basic as analog circuit, design also become a popular project.Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) Refer to that output frequency and input control voltage have the oscillating circuit of corresponding relationship, frequency is the oscillation of a function of applied signal voltage Control of the component parameters of device, the working condition of oscillator or oscillation circuit by input control voltage, so that it may constitute one it is voltage-controlled Oscillator.The advantages of voltage controlled oscillator mainly has: frequency stability is good, controls wide high sensitivity, tuning range, frequency deviation and control Voltage is linear and is suitable for integrated etc..But the duty ratio of voltage controlled oscillator is difficult to adjust, and cannot be in and completely open sometimes Off status, and the driving current of ring oscillator and voltage controlled oscillator is larger, is not suitable for energy-saving circuit.Simultaneously as voltage-controlled The accuracy of oscillator duty ratio is not high, and the output voltage of voltage controlled oscillator cannot achieve rail-to-rail, i.e., high level is unable to reach Power supply positive value, low level are unable to reach power supply negative value, have very big influence to the working performance of circuit entirety.It is how reasonable It solves the problems, such as that existing oscillator duty ratio is not easy to adjust, is the important problem that those skilled in the art face.The invention patent A kind of adjustable oscillator of number is proposed, is innovatively realized in the way of digital circuit high-precision to oscillator duty ratio It adjusts, and only takes up the chip area of very little, saved cost well while solving technical problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of one or more problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of adjustable oscillator of number, benefits It is realized with the mode of digital circuit to the high-precision adjusting of oscillator duty ratio, efficiently solves existing oscillator duty ratio not The problem of easily adjusting.
A kind of adjustable oscillator of number, comprising: switch control array core circuit and multivibrator core circuit, In, switch control array core circuit is used to adjust the turnover voltage of phase inverter, and multivibrator core circuit is used for the side of output Wave.
Wherein, switch control array core circuit, comprising:
First NMOS tube has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and source electrode is coupled to the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube, and drain coupling It is connected to the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube, grid is coupled to the first positive power source terminal or a negative power end;
Second NMOS tube has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and source electrode is coupled to the first negative power end, and drain electrode is coupled to The source electrode of first NMOS tube, grid are coupled to the first end of first diode and the grid of the first PMOS tube and third NMOS tube Grid;
First PMOS tube has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and source electrode is coupled to the first positive power source terminal, and drain electrode is coupled to The drain electrode of first NMOS tube, grid are coupled to the grid of third NMOS tube and the grid of the second NMOS tube and the second phase inverter Input terminal;
Third NMOS tube, has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and grid is coupled to the grid and the 2nd NMOS of the first PMOS tube The grid of pipe, source electrode are coupled to the first negative power end, and drain electrode is coupled to drain electrode and the second phase inverter of the first PMOS tube Input terminal.
Multivibrator core circuit, comprising:
First phase inverter, has input, output end, positive power source terminal and negative power end, and input terminal is coupled to the first electricity The first end of the first end of resistance and the second capacitor, output end are coupled to the second end of first resistor and the first end of first capacitor, Positive power source terminal is coupled to the first positive power source terminal, and negative power end is coupled to the first negative power end;
First resistor has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the input terminal of the first phase inverter, second end coupling It is connected to the first end of first capacitor and the output end of the first phase inverter;
First capacitor has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the output end of the first phase inverter, second end coupling It is connected to the first end of second resistance and the first end of first diode;
Second resistance has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the second end of first capacitor, second end coupling To the input terminal of the second phase inverter;
Second phase inverter, has input, output end, positive power source terminal and negative power end, and input terminal is coupled to the second electricity The second end of the second end of resistance and the second capacitor, positive power source terminal are coupled to the first positive supply, and negative power end is coupled to the first negative electricity Source;
Second capacitor, has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the input terminal of the first phase inverter, second end coupling It is connected to the first end of the second diode and the second end of second resistance;
First diode has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the second end of first capacitor, second end coupling It is connected to the first negative power end;
Second diode, has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the second end of the second capacitor, second end coupling It is connected to the first negative power end.
Meanwhile the first negative power end mentioned among the above is coupled to ground, the first positive power source terminal mentioned among the above is coupled to Power supply.
Meanwhile switch control array core circuit, it is characterised in that:
The transistor in parallel with the second NMOS tube is all NMOS tube, the 2nd NMOS in the switch control array core circuit Pipe and NMOS tube connected in parallel are as input pipe;
The transistor in parallel with the first NMOS tube is all NMOS tube, the first NMOS in the switch control array core circuit Pipe and NMOS tube connected in parallel are as gating switch pipe.
The grid of first NMOS tube is coupled to the first positive power source terminal or a negative power end, when the grid of the first NMOS tube When pole is coupled to the first positive power source terminal, the work of gating switch pipe, switch control array is started to work, when the grid of the first NMOS tube When being coupled to the first negative power end, gating switch pipe shutdown, switch control array stops working.
In the switch control array core circuit, it is equal to by gating multiple switch pipe work in parallel multiple as defeated The NMOS tube entered is equal to multiple input pipes in parallel.
Meanwhile multivibrator core circuit, in the first phase inverter (I1) and switch control array core circuit constitute Two basic NOT gates of single symmetrical multivibrator control the breadth length ratio of array core circuit by regulating switch, adjust reverse phase The turnover voltage of device controls the duty ratio of output waveform, wherein feedback resistance first resistor (R1) resistance value and second resistance (R2) Resistance value is equal, and first capacitor (C1) value is equal to the second capacitor (C2) value, jointly the cycle of oscillation of determining multivibrator, and second Phase inverter (I2) is used as output buffer, removes and makes an uproar to the rectangle square wave progress shaping that oscillator generates.
The adjustable oscillator of number provided by the present invention, switch control array core circuit is for adjusting phase inverter Turnover voltage, multivibrator core circuit can adjust arteries and veins by switch control array core circuit for exporting square wave The duty ratio for rushing wave achievees the effect that digital tunable oscillator, solves to control energy to oscillator precision in the current technical field The not high technical problem of power, the adjustable oscillator of number provided realize the adjustable purpose of number with new method, and right The control of duty ratio is more efficiently, accurately.And the chip area of very little is only taken up using digital circuit regulation duty ratio, It solves to have saved cost well while technical problem.
Detailed description of the invention
The specific embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein identical appended drawing reference indicates identical Component or feature.
Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram of multi resonant wave oscillator;
Fig. 2 shows digital adjustable duty cycle multivibrator circuit schematic diagrams according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment below represents exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and substantially merely illustrative explanation rather than Limitation.In the following description, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, a large amount of specific details are elaborated.However, for ability Domain those of ordinary skill it is evident that: these specific details are not required for the present invention.In other instances, In order to avoid obscuring the present invention, well known circuit, material or method are not specifically described.
In the description, it is specific described in the embodiment to refer to that " one embodiment " or " embodiment " means to combine Feature, structure or characteristic are included at least one embodiment of the present invention.Term " in one embodiment " is in specification In each position occur not all referring to identical embodiment, nor mutually exclusive other embodiments or variable implementing Example.All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive feature And/or other than step, it can combine in any way.In addition, it should be understood by one skilled in the art that provided herein Diagram is provided to the purpose of explanation, and diagram is not necessarily drawn to scale.It should be appreciated that when claiming " element " " connection To " or when " coupled " to another element, it, which can be, is directly connected or coupled to another element or there may be intermediary elements. On the contrary, intermediary element is not present when claiming element " being directly connected to " or " being directly coupled to " another element.Identical attached drawing mark Note indicates identical element.It when title " element " " reception " a certain signal, can make directly to receive, switch, electricity can also be passed through Resistance, level displacement shifter, signal processing unit etc. receive.Term "and/or" used herein includes that one or more correlations are listed Project any and all combinations.
Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram of a multi resonant wave oscillator, after circuit powers on, if under original state, uI1On voltage It rises, then can cause following positive feedback process:
uI1↑→uo2↓→uI2↓→uo2↑→uI1↑ (1)
Above procedure makes uO1Jump is low level, u quicklyO2Jump is high level, and circuit enters transient state 1.After this, Because of uo2Voltage is higher than uI2, so capacitor C2 charges to capacitor C1 through resistance R2, while because the electric discharge of C2 causes uI1Reduction.Cause Charge constant is less than electric discharge and realizes constant, and charging express delivery, which is faster than, puts speed, uI1The threshold voltage for first reaching G2 causes G2 to turn over Turn, and cause following positive feedback process, circuit enters transient state 2.
uI2↑→uo1↓→uI1↓→uo1↑→uI2↑ (2)
Hereafter C1 discharges, and C2 charging causes uI1It is further up, cause the positive feedback process of formula (1), circuit is returned temporarily State 1.In this way, ceaselessly iterative cycles shake circuit between transient state 1 and transient state 2, rectangular pulse output is thus generated.
According to the waveform analysis of multivibrator it is found that the oscillation frequency of oscillator is by two transient state correlations, two tentative The stabilization time then determined by the charge and discharge time of capacitor C1, C2.If the time of oscillator transient state 1 is T1, the time of transient state 2 is T2。uI1The time for rising to NOT gate threshold voltage from -0.5V is T1.Similarly, T2 is exactly uI2Drop to NOT gate threshold value from+0.5V The time of voltage.
According to the calculation formula of RC circuit charge and discharge process:
The then calculation formula of RC circuit charge and discharge time are as follows:
Wherein, τ is time constant, τ=RC
The moment is started to charge in capacitor, there is uc (t0)=- 0.7V, charging terminate after entering stable state, are considered as uc(∞)=VDD. In the case where phase inverter metal-oxide-semiconductor is full symmetric, it is believed that the final value u after capacitor chargingc(t0)=uth=VDD/2.According to Upper condition, it is known that transient state 1 is held time
Similarly, it is known that transient state 2 is held time are as follows:
Aggregative formula (5) and (6), the concussion period of oscillator are as follows:
T=T1+T2=1.4RC (7)
Frequency of oscillation is the inverse of cycle of oscillation, then frequency of oscillation are as follows:
For the phase inverter in multivibrator, in PMOS tube and symmetrical NMOS tube, it is generally recognized that phase inverter turns over Turning voltage is VDD/2, and NMOS tube and PMOS tube work in saturation region at this time.To the MOS of saturation region, I-V characteristic equation is
When the input voltage of phase inverter is just equal to turnover voltage, NMOS and PMOS work in saturation region, and at this time two Pipe is both turned on, drain-source current IDIt is maximum.In IDIn the case where certain, according to formula (9), the breadth length ratio of metal-oxide-semiconductor and overdrive Voltage is inversely proportional.In this manner it is possible to by adjusting the breadth length ratio of pipe, to change the turnover voltage of phase inverter.
Core of the invention thought is to provide a kind of oscillator, is not easy to adjust to solve the duty ratio of existing oscillator The problem of.
In order to realize above-mentioned thought, the present invention provides a kind of adjustable oscillators of number, and Fig. 2 shows according to the present invention one The digital adjustable duty cycle multivibrator circuit schematic diagram of a embodiment.The adjustable oscillator of number includes: switch control Array core circuit and multivibrator core circuit processed, wherein switch control array core circuit is for adjusting phase inverter Turnover voltage, multivibrator core circuit is for exporting square wave.
Wherein, switch control array core circuit, comprising:
First NMOS tube has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and source electrode is coupled to the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube, and drain coupling It is connected to the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube, grid is coupled to the first positive power source terminal or a negative power end;
Second NMOS tube has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and source electrode is coupled to the first negative power end, and drain electrode is coupled to The source electrode of first NMOS tube, grid are coupled to the first end of first diode and the grid of the first PMOS tube and third NMOS tube Grid;
First PMOS tube has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and source electrode is coupled to the first positive power source terminal, and drain electrode is coupled to The drain electrode of first NMOS tube, grid are coupled to the grid of third NMOS tube and the grid of the second NMOS tube and the second phase inverter Input terminal;
Third NMOS tube, has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and grid is coupled to the grid and the 2nd NMOS of the first PMOS tube The grid of pipe, source electrode are coupled to the first negative power end, and drain electrode is coupled to drain electrode and the second phase inverter of the first PMOS tube Input terminal.
Multivibrator core circuit, comprising:
First phase inverter, has input, output end, positive power source terminal and negative power end, and input terminal is coupled to the first electricity The first end of the first end of resistance and the second capacitor, output end are coupled to the second end of first resistor and the first end of first capacitor, Positive power source terminal is coupled to the first positive power source terminal, and negative power end is coupled to the first negative power end;
First resistor has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the input terminal of the first phase inverter, second end coupling It is connected to the first end of first capacitor and the output end of the first phase inverter;
First capacitor has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the output end of the first phase inverter, second end coupling It is connected to the first end of second resistance and the first end of first diode;
Second resistance has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the second end of first capacitor, second end coupling To the input terminal of the second phase inverter;
Second phase inverter, has input, output end, positive power source terminal and negative power end, and input terminal is coupled to the second electricity The second end of the second end of resistance and the second capacitor, positive power source terminal are coupled to the first positive supply, and negative power end is coupled to the first negative electricity Source;
Second capacitor, has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the input terminal of the first phase inverter, second end coupling It is connected to the first end of the second diode and the second end of second resistance;
First diode has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the second end of first capacitor, second end coupling It is connected to the first negative power end;
Second diode, has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the second end of the second capacitor, second end coupling It is connected to the first negative power end.
Meanwhile the first negative power end mentioned among the above is coupled to ground, the first positive power source terminal mentioned among the above is coupled to Power supply.
Meanwhile switch control array core circuit, it is characterised in that:
The transistor in parallel with the second NMOS tube is all NMOS tube, the 2nd NMOS in the switch control array core circuit Pipe and NMOS tube connected in parallel are as input pipe;
The transistor in parallel with the first NMOS tube is all NMOS tube, the first NMOS in the switch control array core circuit Pipe and NMOS tube connected in parallel are as gating switch pipe.
The grid of first NMOS tube is coupled to the first positive power source terminal or a negative power end, when the grid of the first NMOS tube When pole is coupled to the first positive power source terminal, the work of gating switch pipe, switch control array is started to work, when the grid of the first NMOS tube When being coupled to the first negative power end, gating switch pipe shutdown, switch control array stops working.
In the switch control array core circuit, it is equal to by gating multiple switch pipe work in parallel multiple as defeated The NMOS tube entered is equal to multiple input pipes in parallel.
Meanwhile multivibrator core circuit, it is characterised in that:
First phase inverter (I1) and switch control array core circuit constitute single symmetrical multivibrator two are substantially non- Door is controlled the breadth length ratio of array core circuit by regulating switch, adjusts the turnover voltage of phase inverter, control accounting for for output waveform Empty ratio, wherein feedback resistance first resistor (R1) resistance value is equal with second resistance (R2) resistance value, and first capacitor (C1) value is equal to the Two capacitors (C2) value, the common cycle of oscillation for determining multivibrator, the second phase inverter (I2) is used as output buffer, to vibration The rectangle square wave progress shaping for swinging device generation, which removes, makes an uproar.
First diode (D1) and the second diode (D2), the parasitic diode all generated for technological problems, reverse bias, Grounding.Switch control array core circuit controls the conducting of input NMOS tube by control gating switch NMOS tube, from And change the breadth length ratio of the first PMOS tube PMOS1 and third NMOS tube NMOS3 to change the duty ratio of oscillating output waveform.
In this disclosure used quantifier "one", "an" etc. be not excluded for plural number." first " in text, " Two " etc. are merely represented in the sequencing occurred in the description of embodiment, in order to distinguish like." first ", " second " exist Appearance in claims is only for the purposes of the fast understanding to claim rather than in order to be limited.Right is wanted Any appended drawing reference in book is asked to should be construed as the limitation to range.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects Describe in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in protection of the invention Within the scope of.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number, comprising: switch control array core circuit and multivibrator core circuit, In, the switch control array core circuit is used to adjust the turnover voltage of phase inverter, and the multivibrator core circuit is used In output square wave.
2. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the switch control array core Circuit, comprising:
First NMOS tube has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and source electrode is coupled to the drain electrode of the second NMOS tube, and drain electrode is coupled to The drain electrode of first PMOS tube, grid are coupled to the first positive power source terminal or a negative power end;
Second NMOS tube has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and source electrode is coupled to the first negative power end, and drain electrode is coupled to first The source electrode of NMOS tube, grid are coupled to the grid of the first end of first diode and the grid of the first PMOS tube and third NMOS tube Pole;
First PMOS tube has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and source electrode is coupled to the first positive power source terminal, and drain electrode is coupled to first The drain electrode of NMOS tube, grid are coupled to the input of the grid of third NMOS tube and the grid of the second NMOS tube and the second phase inverter End;
Third NMOS tube, has grid, source electrode and drain electrode, and grid is coupled to the grid and second NMOS tube of the first PMOS tube Grid, source electrode are coupled to the first negative power end, and drain electrode is coupled to the drain electrode of the first PMOS tube and the input of the second phase inverter End.
3. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multivibrator core Circuit, comprising:
First phase inverter, has input, output end, positive power source terminal and negative power end, and input terminal is coupled to first resistor The first end of first end and the second capacitor, output end are coupled to the second end of first resistor and the first end of first capacitor, positive electricity Source is coupled to the first positive power source terminal, and negative power end is coupled to the first negative power end;
First resistor has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the input terminal of the first phase inverter, and second end is coupled to The output end of the first end of first capacitor and the first phase inverter;
First capacitor has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the output end of the first phase inverter, and second end is coupled to The first end of second resistance and the first end of first diode;
Second resistance has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the second end of first capacitor, and second end is coupled to The input terminal of two phase inverters;
Second phase inverter, has input, output end, positive power source terminal and negative power end, and input terminal is coupled to second resistance The second end of second end and the second capacitor, positive power source terminal are coupled to the first positive supply, and negative power end is coupled to the first negative power end;
Second capacitor, has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the input terminal of the first phase inverter, and second end is coupled to The first end of second diode and the second end of second resistance;
First diode has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the second end of first capacitor, and second end is coupled to First negative power end;
Second diode, has a first end and a second end, and first end is coupled to the second end of the second capacitor, and second end is coupled to First negative power end.
4. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first negative power end coupling To ground, the first positive power source terminal is coupled to power supply.
5. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The transistor in parallel with the second NMOS tube is all NMOS tube in the switch control array core circuit, the second NMOS tube and NMOS tube connected in parallel is as input pipe;
The transistor in parallel with the first NMOS tube is all NMOS tube in the switch control array core circuit, the first NMOS tube and NMOS tube connected in parallel is as gating switch pipe.
6. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the grid coupling of first NMOS tube It is connected to the first positive power source terminal or a negative power end, when the grid of the first NMOS tube is coupled to the first positive power source terminal, gating is opened Pipe work is closed, switch control array is started to work, when the grid of the first NMOS tube is coupled to the first negative power end, gating switch Pipe shutdown, switch control array stop working.
7. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the switch control array core In circuit, multiple NMOS tubes for being used as input in parallel are equal to by gating multiple switch pipe work, that is, are equal in parallel multiple defeated Enter pipe.
8. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multivibrator core electricity The first phase inverter and switch control array core circuit in road constitute two basic NOT gates of single symmetrical multivibrator, pass through Regulating switch controls the breadth length ratio of array core circuit, adjusts the turnover voltage of phase inverter, controls the duty ratio of output waveform.
9. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multivibrator core electricity Lu Zhong:
First resistor and second resistance are as feedback resistance, and first resistor resistance value is equal with second resistance resistance value, first capacitor Capacitance is equal to the capacitance of the second capacitor, and first resistor, second resistance, first capacitor and the second capacitor determine multi-resonant jointly Swing the cycle of oscillation of device.
10. a kind of adjustable oscillator of number according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multivibrator core In circuit, the second phase inverter removes the rectangle square wave progress shaping that oscillator generates and makes an uproar as output buffer.
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