CN109466132A - 金属基板及其制造和使用方法 - Google Patents
金属基板及其制造和使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109466132A CN109466132A CN201811020547.2A CN201811020547A CN109466132A CN 109466132 A CN109466132 A CN 109466132A CN 201811020547 A CN201811020547 A CN 201811020547A CN 109466132 A CN109466132 A CN 109466132A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
许多变型可包括一种如下所述的产品,所述产品包括包含金属的基板,其包含蚀刻区域和第一层,第一层包含覆盖该蚀刻区域的透明涂层,其中该蚀刻区域构造和布置为改善基板上的耐丝状腐蚀性。
Description
技术领域
本公开大致涉及的领域包括金属基板。
背景技术
在许多变型中,金属基板可用于许多产品的表面,包括但不限于车辆部件。
发明内容
许多变型可以包括一种可包括以下的产品:包含金属的基板,其包含蚀刻区域和第一层,第一层包含覆盖该蚀刻区域的透明涂层,其中该蚀刻区域构造和布置为改善基板上的耐丝状腐蚀性。
许多变型可包括一种方法,其可包括:提供包含金属的基板;蚀刻金属以形成蚀刻区域;并且用包含透明涂层的第一层覆盖蚀刻区域,其中该蚀刻区域构造和布置为改善基板上的耐丝状腐蚀性。
根据下文提供的具体实施方式,本发明范围内的其他说明性变型将变得显而易见。应当理解,具体实施方式和特定实施例虽然公开了本发明范围内的变型,但是仅用于说明的目的,而不旨在限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
从具体实施方式和附图中将更全面地理解本发明范围内的变型的选择的示例,其中:
图1A是根据许多变型的产品的示意图。
图1B是根据许多变型的产品的示意图。
图2A是根据许多变型的产品的图示。
图2B是根据许多变型的产品的图示。
具体实施方式
以下对变型的描述本质上仅是说明性的,并且决不旨在限制本发明的范围、其应用或用途。
图1A和图1B示出了根据许多变型的产品10。在许多变型中,产品10可包括基板14。在许多变型中,基板14可包括金属。在许多变型中,基板14可包括蚀刻区域15。在许多变型中,基板14可以包括覆盖基板14的至少一部分的第一层16。在许多变型中,第一层16可以覆盖蚀刻区域15。在许多变型中,第一层16可包括透明涂层50。在许多变型中,第一层16可包括底漆30或硬涂层32中的至少一种。在许多变型中,基板14可包括覆盖第一层16的第二层18。在许多变型中,第二层18可包括透明涂层50。在许多变型中,第二层18可包括底漆30或硬涂层32中的至少一种。在许多变型中,第二层18可以覆盖在基板14上并且位于第一层16之下。在许多变型中,基板14可包括第一层16和/或第二层18的多个层,它们以任何定向彼此覆盖或位于下方。在许多变型中,第二层18可以位于第一层16和基板14之间。在许多变型中,附加层可以位于基板14上并且定向在第一层16和/或第二层18的上方或下方。在许多变型中,蚀刻区域15可以构造和布置为改善基板14上的耐丝状腐蚀性。在许多变型中,基板14可以是车辆的外部面板或内部面板。在许多变型中,基板14可以用作但不限于水下面板、颜料稳定面板、徽标面板、扰流板、车门、汽车引擎盖、侧板、保险杠、后面板、头灯,或者可以以其他方式使用。在许多变型中,基板14可包括用于车辆的车轮。在许多变型中,车辆可以包括机动车辆、船只、航天器、飞行器,或者可以是其他类型。
在许多变型中,基板14可包含材料,其包括但不限于:塑钢、不锈钢、铜、镍、锡、贵金属、锌、铁、青铜、铝、硅、钛、铂、虫胶、琥珀、芳族聚酰胺(包括Twaron、Kevlar、Technora、Nomax)、丝绸、皮革、橡胶、天然橡胶、合成橡胶、硅橡胶、含氟弹性体橡胶、丁基橡胶(异丁烯-异戊二烯)、海帕伦橡胶(氯磺化聚乙烯)、表氯醇橡胶(表氯醇)、乙烯丙烯二烯橡胶、氟碳橡胶、氟硅橡胶、氢化丁腈橡胶、丁腈橡胶、全氟弹性体橡胶、聚丙烯酸酯橡胶、氯丁二烯橡胶、聚氨酯橡胶、苯乙烯丁二烯橡胶、丙烯腈-丁二烯橡胶、氢化丙烯腈-丁二烯橡胶、乙烯丙烯酸橡胶、苯酚甲醛、聚醚氨酯、聚酯氨酯、氯丁橡胶、尼龙、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氨酯、聚苯并咪唑、聚丙烯腈、PVB、硅树脂、生物塑料、特氟隆、PET、PP、PVDC、PAPTFE、PEO、PPY、PANI、PT、PPS、PPV、PAC、聚酯、乙烯基聚合物、聚烯烃、聚乙炔、酚醛树脂、聚酐、环氧树脂、酚类、聚酰亚胺、PEEK、氧化铝、氧化铍、氧化铈、氧化锆、碳化物、硼化物、氮化物、硅化物、瓷、粘土、石英、雪花石膏、玻璃、高岭土、长石、滑石、白墩子、铁氧体、陶、PZT、羊驼毛、安哥拉山羊毛、海丝、骆驼毛、羊绒、羊肠线、狗毛(chiengora)、原驼毛、美洲驼毛、皮革、马海毛、山羊绒、北极麝牛毛、兔毛、丝绸、筋、蜘蛛丝、丝绸、羊毛、骆马毛、牦牛毛、蕉麻、甘蔗渣、轻木、竹、椰纤维、棉花、亚麻、***、黄麻、木棉、洋麻、凤梨麻、酒椰纤维、苎麻、剑麻、原木、石棉、醋酸纤维、三醋酸纤维、刺绣丝线、莱赛尔(lyocell)人造丝、莫代尔(modal)人造丝、人造丝、玻璃纤维、二氧化硅、碳、玄武岩、金属、丙烯酸纤维、微纤维、变性腈纶、尼龙、烯烃、聚酯、聚乙烯、氨纶、维尼龙(vinylon)、维荣(vinyon)、基纶(zylon)、莎纶(saran)、碳纤维增强聚合物、碳纤维增强塑料、碳纤维增强热塑性塑料,或碳纳米管增强聚合物、纤维增强聚合物、玻璃纤维(包括E-玻璃、A-玻璃、E-CR-玻璃、C-玻璃、D-玻璃、R-玻璃、F-玻璃、S-玻璃、S-2-玻璃、Hexel,或可以是其他类型)、金属合金、它们的组合,或可以是其他类型。在许多变型中,基板14可以通过金属成形、锻造、模制、旋压成型、轧制、挤出、激光熔覆、金属加工、烧结、制造、焊接、模制、钎接、铸造、挤出、锻造、热处理、液压成形、冲压、剪切、旋转来形成,或可以以其他方式形成。在许多变型中,基板14可以通过纺织、针织、编织、缝合、平纹纺织、缎纹纺织来制造或纺织,或可以以其他方式制造。在许多变型中,基板14可具有各种宽度、长度和/或直径的纤维以及其整体尺寸。在许多变型中,基板14可以预先浸渍、涂覆或以其他方式与粘合剂80接触。在许多变型中,基板14可包括铝或铝合金。在许多变型中,基板14可包括锻造铝合金,包括但不限于:1050、1060、1100、1199、2014、2024、2219、3003、3004、3102、4041、5005、5052、5083、5086、5154、5356、5454、5456、5754、6005、6005A、6060、6061、6063、6066、6070、6082、6105、6162、6262、6351、6463、7005、7022、7067、7072、7075、7079、7116、7129、7178,或可以是其他类型。在许多变型中,基板14可包括铸造铝合金,包括但不限于A(NSI编号:201.0、204.0、242.0、A242,0、295.0、319.0、328.0、355.0、C355.0、356.0、A356.0、443.0、B443.0、512.0、514.0、520.0、535.0、705.0、707.0、710.0、712.0、713.0、771.0、850.0、851.0、852.0,或可以是其他类型。在许多变型中,基板可包括铝合金,其包括铁、铜、镁、锰、硅、锌、锆、镍,或任何浓度的其他金属。在许多变型中,基板14可包括A356T6铸铝。在许多变型中,基板14可包括6061回火铝合金。在许多变型中,基板14可以铸造、锻造、抛光,或者可以以不同的方式进行修改、处理或形成。在许多变型中,可以对各种类型的基板进行激光蚀刻。
在许多变型中,第一层16或第二层18可包括底漆30。在许多变型中,底漆30可包括重量百分比为约10%≥x≥30%的双丙酮醇。在许多变型中,底漆30可包括重量百分比为约60%≥x≥90%的1-甲氧基-2-丙醇;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约65%≥x≥85%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约70%≥x≥80%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约72%≥x≥78%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,底漆30可包括重量百分比为约1%≥x≥5%的二苯甲酰间苯二酚;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约1.5%≥x≥4.5%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2%≥x≥4%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2.5%≥x≥3.5%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,底漆30可包括重量百分比为约5%≥x≥10%的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约5.5%≥x≥9.5%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约6%≥x≥9%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约7%≥x≥8%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,底漆30的多个层可以用在第一层16或第二层18中。在许多变型中,底漆30可以通过浸涂、喷涂、流涂、涂抹施加到或沉积到基板14或第一层16或第二层18或附加层上,或可以以不同的方式施加或沉积。在许多变型中,底漆30的厚度可以为约1.0μm≥x≥10.0μm。
在许多变型中,第一层16或第二层18可包括硬涂层32。在许多变型中,硬涂层32可包括重量百分比约为10%≥x≥30%的甲醇;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约12%≥x≥27%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约15%≥x≥25%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约17%≥x≥23%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,硬涂层32可包括重量百分比约为10%≥x≥30%的正丁醇;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约12%≥x≥27%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约15%≥x≥25%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约17%≥x≥23%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,至少一个硬涂层32可包括重量百分比约为10%≥x≥30%的2-丙醇;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约12%≥x≥27%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约15%≥x≥25%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约17%≥x≥23%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,至少一个硬涂层32可包括重量百分比约为1%≥x≥5%的乙酸;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约1.5%≥x≥4.5%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2%≥x≥4%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2.5%≥x≥3.5%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,硬涂层32可包括重量百分比为约1%≥x≥5%的1-甲氧基-2-丙醇;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约1.5%≥x≥4.5%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2%≥x≥4%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2.5%≥x≥3.5%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,硬涂层32可包括重量百分比约为10%≥x≥30%的改性硅树脂;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约12%≥x≥27%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约15%≥x≥25%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约17%≥x≥23%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,硬涂层32可包括重量百分比约为10%≥x≥30%的水;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约12%≥x≥27%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约15%≥x≥25%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约17%≥x≥23%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,硬涂层32可包含整个第一层16或第二层18。在许多变型中,硬涂层32的多个层可以用在第一层16或第二层18中。在许多变型中,第一层16或第二层18可包括硬涂层32和底漆30的多个层,它们以任何定向彼此覆盖或位于下方。在许多变型中,硬涂层32可以通过浸涂、喷涂、流涂、涂抹施加到或沉积到基板14或第一层16或第二层18或附加层上,或可以以不同的方式施加或沉积。在许多变型中,硬涂层32的厚度可以为约1.0μm≥x≥10.0μm。
在许多变型中,第一层16或第二层18可包括透明涂层50。在许多变型中,透明涂层50可包括重量百分比约为10%≥x≥25%的庚-2-酮;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约12%≥x≥22%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约15%≥x≥20%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约17%≥x≥19%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,透明涂层50可包括重量百分比为约10%≥x≥25%的乙酸己酯;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约12%≥x≥22%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约15%≥x≥20%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约17%≥x≥19%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,透明涂层50可包括重量百分比为约5%≥x≥10%的乙酸正丁酯;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约6%≥x≥9%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约7%≥x≥8%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约7.2%≥x≥7.8%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,透明涂层50可包括重量百分比为约1%≥x≥5%的乙酸-2-丁氧基乙酯;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约1.5%≥x≥4.5%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2%≥x≥4%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2.5%≥x≥3.5%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,透明涂层50可包括重量百分比为约1%≥x≥5%的聚(氧-1,2-乙二基),α-[3-[3-(2H-苯并***-2-基)-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羟基苯基]-1-氧丙基]-ω-羟基;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约1.5%≥x≥4.5%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2%≥x≥4%;在许多变型中,重量百分比可以为约2.5%≥x≥3.5%;或者它们之间的任何范围。在许多变型中,透明涂层50可包含整个第二层18。在许多变型中,透明涂层50可以包含整个第一层16。在许多变型中,透明涂层50可以通过浸涂、喷涂、流涂、涂抹施加到或沉积到基板14或第一层16或第二层18或附加层上,或可以以不同的方式施加或沉积。在许多变型中,透明涂层50的厚度可以为约25μm≥x≥75μm。
仍然参考图1A和图1B,在许多变型中,粘合剂80可以保持与基板14、第一层16或第二层18或附加层的接触。在许多变型中,这种接触可导致粘合剂80、基板14、第一层16或第二层18或它们的任何组合之间的粘附或粘合。在许多变型中,粘合剂80可包括聚氨酯树脂、乙烯基酯树脂、聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、改性酚醛树脂或可以是其他类型。在许多变型中,粘合剂80可以是反应活性的或非反应活性的。在许多变型中,粘合剂80可以通过浸涂、喷涂、流涂、涂抹施加到或沉积到基板14、第一层16或第二层18或基板14的其他层上,或可以以不同的方式施加或沉积。
在许多变型中,产品10可以具有通过涉及激光的工艺形成的蚀刻区域15。在许多变型中,产品10可以具有通过涉及激光蚀刻的工艺形成的蚀刻区域15。在许多变型中,可以使用引导到金属基板15的辅助气体,并且其可以是可用于促进氧化膜的受控形成的任何合适的气体。在许多变型中,辅助气体可选自由氩气、空气、氦气、氧气和氮气组成的组。在许多变型中,可以通过任何合适的装置将气体施加到金属表面,如下文将更详细地描述,但是可以例如经由喷嘴以连续的方式引导到表面,或作为跨过将光束施加到其上的金属基板15的表面的层流。在许多变型中,可以对辅助气体的气体压力和流速进行选择以确保有利于金属基板14上的膜的形成。在许多变型中,辅助气体可以以0.5到3巴的压力和50到100升/分钟的流速供应到金属表面。
在许多变型中,施加到金属基板14的激光可以包括任何常规激光,只要在辅助气体的影响下通过激光的作用能够有利于金属基板14上的膜的形成。在许多变型中,激光可以是UV或可见光激光。在许多变型中,激光可选自由波长为248nm的KrF准分子激光、波长为266nm的四次谐波YAG激光、波长为308nm的XeCl准分子激光、波长为351nm的XeF准分子激光、波长355nm的三次谐波Nd:YAG激光、波长532nm的二次谐波Nd:YAG激光,以及具有它们的谐波波长的氩离子激光的组。在许多变型中,激光器可以包括钕:钇铝石榴石(Nd:YAG)激光器、二氧化碳(CO2)激光器、二极管激光器、准分子激光器,或可以是其他类型。在许多变型中,YAG激光器在近红外光谱中以1064nm波长发光。这种激光器可以具有约1到约50瓦的连续功率输出,并且可以以约1瓦到约45千瓦的典型峰值功率以脉冲模式进行操作。在许多变型中,CO2激光器在光谱的远红外区域中发光,其强度尖峰在波长为9.8和10.6微米处。这种CO2激光器可以以约1到约40瓦的连续输出功率进行操作。对于脉冲模式操作,可以使用从约1到约64000脉冲/秒的频率。在许多变型中,激光可以以连续波或脉冲模式施加到金属表面。在许多变型中,激光束的激光束轮廓可以是平顶帽式光束。也可以使用其他光束模式,诸如TEM00和TEM01。在许多变型中,也可以使用高斯光束。如果以脉冲模式施加,激光脉冲持续时间可能会影响金属表面的氧化过程,因为其决定了激光束的峰值功率。在许多变型中,脉冲持续时间可以是约1-100ns,或者可以是约1-30ns。
在许多变型中,可以通过计算机控制运动的激光束可以用于在基板14上产生不连续的符号或设计,或替代地可以在标记材料的表面上连续地转位以同时创建多个符号或设计。在许多变型中,可以通过用激光分别制作单词的每个字母,或者通过在整个单词上对激光施加光栅以同时形成所有字母来创建单词。在许多变型中,基板14可以根据激光进行运动以在各个点处蚀刻基板14。在许多变型中,取决于基板14的应用,可以旋转基板14以确保蚀刻区域15更完整。在激光曝光期间,基板的表面可以暴露于任何所需类型的大气环境。在许多变型中,大气环境可包含处于大气压、低于大气压或超过大气压的空气。此外,大气环境可包含惰性气体诸如氮气、氩气或二氧化碳;氧化大气环境诸如空气或氧气;还原大气环境诸如氢气或一氧化碳;或真空。
在许多变型中,氧化或还原气体可以与惰性气体组合使用。在许多变型中,基板14的表面可能暴露的大气环境可能影响标记的颜色和质量。在许多变型中,可用单个激光束来蚀刻。在许多变型中,可用两个或多个激光束。例如,第一激光束可用于预热标记材料和基板,然后是第二激光,其可用于将标记材料粘附到预热的基板上。在许多变型中,可以对各种类型的基板14进行激光蚀刻。
图2A到图2B示出了根据许多变型的产品10。在许多变型中,如图2A到图2B中所示,产品10可能经受丝状腐蚀。在许多变型中,如图2A到图2B中所示,在不同金属基板14的不同蚀刻区域15上进行SAE丝状测试(J2635-丝状腐蚀),其中记录并测量在25.4mm长度的蚀刻区域15内的丝状腐蚀的区域。区域1具有以80%70K;0.03、500mps的激光蚀刻沉积形成的蚀刻区域。区域2具有以70%60K;0.05、500mps的激光蚀刻沉积形成的蚀刻区域。区域3具有以70%50K;0.03、500mps的激光蚀刻沉积形成的蚀刻区域。区域4具有以60%50K;0.05、500mps的激光蚀刻沉积形成的蚀刻区域。在许多变型中,基于通过透明涂层50对基板的薄的(约40μm的干膜厚度,如图2A中所示)或厚的(约80μm的干膜厚度,如图2B中所示)成膜水平覆盖,蚀刻区域15实现了比未蚀刻部分更低的丝状生成水平。在许多变型中,基板14的激光蚀刻可改善透明涂层50下的耐丝状腐蚀性或延缓丝状腐蚀,因为与基板15的未蚀刻区域相比蚀刻区域15的丝状区域明显更小,如图2A到图2B中所示。在许多变型中,这可以改善基板14的耐久性、性能。在许多变型中,基板14的蚀刻区域15可以代替转化涂层的使用(其可以含有锆或钛),可以减小透明涂层50的厚度,或者可以减小粘合剂80的厚度。
在许多变型中,可以示出方法800。在许多变型中,方法800可以包括提供包含金属的基板14(在框802中)。在许多变型中,方法800可以进一步包括蚀刻金属以形成蚀刻区域15(在框804中)。在许多变型中,方法800可以进一步包括用包含透明涂层50的第一层16覆盖蚀刻区域15(在框806中),其中蚀刻区域15构造和布置为改善基板14上的耐丝状腐蚀性。在许多变型中,方法800可以进一步包括在第一层16和基板14之间沉积包含硬涂层34或底漆32中的至少一个的第二层18(在框808中)。在许多变型中,方法800可以进一步包括在第一层16和基板14之间沉积包含硬涂层34或底漆32中的至少一个的第二层18(在框810中)。在许多变型中,方法800可以进一步包括在基板14上沉积附加层(在框812中)。
以下对变体的描述仅说明了被认为在本发明范围内的部件、元件、动作、产品和方法,并且不以任何方式旨在通过具体公开或未明确阐述的内容来限制该范围。除了在本文明确描述的之外,本文描述的部件、元件、动作、产品和方法可以组合和重新布置,并且仍被认为是在本发明的范围内。
变型1可涉及一种可包括以下的产品:包含金属的基板,其包含蚀刻区域和第一层,第一层包含覆盖该蚀刻区域的透明涂层,其中该蚀刻区域构造和布置为改善基板上的耐丝状腐蚀性。
变型2可包括根据变型1的产品,其中该金属包含铝。
变型3可包括根据变型1到变型2中任意项的产品,其中该蚀刻区域由激光蚀刻形成。
变型4可包括根据变型1到变型3中任意项的产品,其中该基板包含用于车辆的车轮。
变体5可包括根据变型1到变型4中任意项的产品,其中该透明涂层包含丙烯酸。
变型6可包括根据变型1到变型6中任意项的产品,其中使用基于二氧化碳或钇的激光器完成激光蚀刻。
变型7可包括根据变型1到变型6中任意项的产品,其中该基板进一步包含铸造区域。
变型8可包括根据变型1到变型7中任意项的产品,其中该基板进一步包含底漆区域。
变型9可包括根据变型1到变型8中任意项的产品,其中该基板进一步包含将透明涂层结合到蚀刻区域的聚合物树脂。
变型10可包括根据变型1到变型9中任意项的产品,其中基板是锻造的。
变型11可包括方法,其可包括:提供包含金属的基板;蚀刻金属以形成蚀刻区域;并且用包含透明涂层的第一层覆盖蚀刻区域,其中该蚀刻区域构造和布置为改善基板上的耐丝状腐蚀性。
变型12可包括根据变型11的方法,其中该金属包含铝。
变型13可包括根据变型11到变型12中任意项的方法,其中该蚀刻区域由激光蚀刻形成。
变型14可包括根据变型11到变型13中任意项的方法,其中该基板包含用于车辆的车轮。
变体15可包括根据变型11到变型14中任意项的方法,其中该透明涂层包含丙烯酸。
变型16可包括根据变型11到变型15中任意项的方法,其中使用基于二氧化碳或钇的激光器完成激光蚀刻。
变型17可包括根据变型11到变型16中任意项的方法,其中该基板进一步包含铸造区域。
变型18可包括根据变型11到变型17中任意项的方法,其中该基板进一步包含底漆区域。
变型19可包括根据变型11到变型18中任意项的方法,其中该基板进一步包含将透明涂层结合到蚀刻区域的聚合物树脂。
变型20可包括根据变型11到变型19中任意项的方法,其中该基板是锻造的。
以上对本发明范围内的选择变型的描述本质上仅是说明性的,并因此其变型或变体不应视为脱离本发明的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种产品,包含:
包含金属的基板,其包含蚀刻区域和第一层,所述第一层包含覆盖所述蚀刻区域的透明涂层,其中所述蚀刻区域构造和布置为改善所述基板上的耐丝状腐蚀性。
2.根据权利要求1所述的产品,其中所述金属包含铝。
3.根据权利要求1所述的产品,其中所述蚀刻区域由激光蚀刻形成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的产品,其中所述基板包含用于车辆的车轮。
5.根据权利要求1所述的产品,其中所述透明涂层包含丙烯酸。
6.根据权利要求3所述的产品,其中所述激光蚀刻是通过基于二氧化碳或钇的激光器完成的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的产品,其中所述基板进一步包含铸造区域。
8.根据权利要求1所述的产品,其中所述基板进一步包含底漆区域。
9.根据权利要求1所述的产品,其中所述基板进一步包含将所述透明涂层结合到所述蚀刻区域的聚合物树脂。
10.根据权利要求1所述的产品,其中所述基板是锻造的。
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