CN109452151B - Indoor artificial seedling raising method for paris polyphylla seeds - Google Patents
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- 241000244987 Daiswa polyphylla Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNFPBHJOKIVQEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N clotrimazole Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1C(N1C=NC=C1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VNFPBHJOKIVQEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001047 pyretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000009306 yunnan baiyao Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an indoor artificial seedling raising method for paris polyphylla seeds, and belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting. The invention is not limited by time, outside temperature and region, can emerge all the year round, can meet the requirements of seedlings in various regions, and solves the problems of cyclic utilization of facilities and fields in industrial seedling culture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, and particularly relates to an indoor artificial seedling raising method for paris polyphylla seeds.
Background
Parispyphyllia Smithvar Chinensis (Franch.) Hara and rhizoma paridis Yunnanensis are collected in the Chinese pharmacopoeia of the past year edition and are one of the genuine drug sources of rhizoma paridis. The Chinese medicinal composition is the main raw materials of famous Chinese patent medicines such as Yunnan Baiyao, Pianzaihuang, Jidesheng snake tablet, Gongxuening, pyretic toxin clearing and the like, the demand of the market on the raw materials of the paris polyphylla is continuously increased, wild resources are mined for a long time to maintain the market demand, so that the natural resources of the paris polyphylla are extremely scarce, and the supply and demand relationship can be solved only by vigorously developing artificial planting. However, the natural germination period of the paris polyphylla seeds is long, the germination rate is low, and the shortage of paris polyphylla seedlings is a main problem which restricts the large-scale planting of paris polyphylla.
At present, some people obtain patents or issue articles on the aspects of dormancy breaking, germination rate improvement and the like of paris polyphylla, but generally germinate seeds are sown to a seedling raising field after pretreatment, and the seeds grow leaves and emerge in the seedling raising field. After the paris polyphylla seeds grow roots, leaves can be grown into seedlings after one year in a conventional method, and the seedlings are influenced by external conditions and do not necessarily emerge in the current year. Therefore, the paris polyphylla seed can emerge all the year round, and the problem of seedling shortage of paris polyphylla is absolutely necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the indoor artificial seedling raising method for the paris polyphylla seeds needs to be provided, so that the limitation of time, region and temperature is broken through in the breeding of the paris polyphylla seeds, the problem of seedling shortage is solved, and the planting quantity of the paris polyphylla is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the inventor provides the following technical scheme:
an indoor artificial seedling raising method for paris polyphylla seeds comprises the steps of alternately treating paris polyphylla seeds twice at low temperature, carrying out low-temperature treatment on the peeled seeds for promoting germination, and carrying out low-temperature treatment on the germinated seeds for promoting leaf growth.
The indoor artificial seedling raising method comprises the following steps: peeling seeds, carrying out primary low-temperature treatment, promoting germination of a substrate at normal temperature, carrying out secondary low-temperature treatment, and promoting seedlings by illumination at normal temperature.
Further, the temperature of the first low-temperature treatment and the second low-temperature treatment is 2-8 ℃.
Further, the indoor artificial seedling raising method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 1-3:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, putting the peeled seeds into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 15-25%, refrigerating at 2-8 ℃, and performing primary low-temperature treatment for later use; after the seed coat is removed, the seeds are put under the low-temperature condition, seed coat inhibiting substances are reduced, the seeds are prevented from sprouting, and the first low-temperature dormancy of the seeds is broken while the seeds are stored.
Thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before the seedlings are transplanted, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling raising tray, covering a layer of 0.5-2cm thick disinfection matrix prepared according to the proportion on the seeds, placing the seeds at 18-25 ℃, keeping the water content at 65-75%, and promoting the buds for 50-70 days; the bud promotion treatment is preferably carried out at a temperature of 22 ℃ because the temperature is the temperature which promotes the growth of the roots and the speed of growing the leaves of the Paris polyphylla. The substrate coverage is preferably not more than 1cm thick, the seed coat is easy to soften, and the substrate coverage is also related to the fact that the growth habit of paris polyphylla prefers certain scattered light, so that the seed coat is easier to break through and emerge.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 2-8 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 15-25 days, and keeping the water content at 45-55%; and (4) placing the seeds subjected to the bud promotion treatment at a low temperature for treatment, simulating a second winter, and breaking dormancy again. After the seeds of Paris polyphylla grow roots, leaves, unearthed soil and seedlings can grow smoothly through the second low-temperature treatment.
Fifthly, placing the seedling tray of the fourth step at 18-25 ℃, keeping the water content at 65-75%, illuminating for 8-12 hours/day, keeping the light intensity at 1000-1200Lux, and promoting the seedlings for 50-70 days. The preferable temperature is 22 ℃ for promoting the seedling.
Furthermore, before the peeled seeds are put into the seed mesh bag, the seeds can be mixed with fine sand according to the proportion of 1 (0.5-2).
Furthermore, a layer of 6-7cm thick sterilized matrix prepared in proportion is paved in the seedling tray in advance, the depth of the seedling tray is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling tray is permeable to water and air. The seedling tray meets the requirements of 5-month seedling emergence and 2-year growth of paris polyphylla seeds on nutrition.
Further, the matrix comprises, by mass, 10-30% of humus soil, 40-60% of turfy soil and 4-8% of perlite.
Further, the matrix component also comprises 10-20% of plant ash by mass percent.
Further, the matrix components are preferably 20% of humus soil, 50% of turfy soil, 6% of perlite, 10% of plant ash and the balance of conventional sand, and are all in percentage by mass.
The selection and the proportion of the substrate are based on the requirements of seedling emergence and growth of paris polyphylla seeds, meanwhile, the paris polyphylla seedlings grow potassium-like elements, and the increase of plant ash is beneficial to the growth of root systems and roots of paris polyphylla seeds, thereby providing a foundation guarantee for cultivating strong seedlings.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method is not limited by time, outside temperature and regions, the paris polyphylla seeds can emerge all the year round, the highest emergence rate can reach 75 percent, the requirements of the seeds and seedlings in various regions can be met, and the problems of cyclic utilization of facilities and fields in industrial seedling culture and the like are solved.
(2) The invention relates to a method for promoting germination of Paris polyphylla seeds, which solves the problem that the emergence of the Paris polyphylla seeds every other year is needed to influence the growth of the Paris polyphylla seeds if the germination of the Paris polyphylla seeds is promoted to be late and the natural growth period is missed, and the environment condition is artificially created by utilizing the germination and emergence habits of the Paris polyphylla seeds, so that the Paris polyphylla seeds can break dormancy, promote germination and emerge, and provide technical support for industrial seedling culture.
(3) The Paris polyphylla is cultured in the prepared matrix, and the Paris polyphylla seeds can directly form complete seedlings after root promotion, low temperature and seedling promotion treatment, so that the seeds are prevented from being sowed in a seedling culture land after bud promotion, the root systems of the seeds are possibly damaged, and the seedlings are adaptive to a new soil environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the seedling emergence of Paris polyphylla in a seedling room according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 shows the case of the seeds of Paris polyphylla growing out of soil according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
To explain technical contents, achieved objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with specific embodiments.
Example 1
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the peeled seeds with fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 4 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a sterilized and proportionally prepared substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70 percent, and promoting the buds for 60 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. The matrix comprises the following components: 10% of plant ash, 20% of humus soil, 50% of turfy soil, 6% of perlite and the balance of conventional sand, wherein the mass percentages are all.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 4 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 50%;
and fifthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the fourth step at 22 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, illuminating by a fluorescent lamp for 8 hours/day, and promoting the seedlings for 60 days with the light intensity of 1000-.
The experimental result shows that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds after 5 months is 75%, as shown in figure 1, most of the seeds in the seedling culture disc have germinated and long leaves, and the grown seedlings are strong, as shown in figure 2, the stems of the seedlings are thicker. The paris polyphylla seedling grows potassium-like elements, and the increase of plant ash is particularly beneficial to the growth of root systems and rhizomes of paris polyphylla seedling.
Wherein the emergence rate refers to the percentage of the number of roots, leaves and earthed roots of the paris polyphylla seeds to the total number of seeds.
Example 2
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, putting the peeled seeds into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating at 4 ℃, and performing primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a sterilized and proportionally prepared substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70 percent, and promoting the buds for 60 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. The matrix comprises the following components: 10% of plant ash, 20% of humus soil, 50% of turfy soil, 6% of perlite and the balance of conventional sand, wherein the mass percentages are all.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 4 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 50%;
and fifthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the fourth step at 22 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, illuminating by a fluorescent lamp for 8 hours/day, and promoting the seedlings for 60 days with the light intensity of 1000-.
The experimental result shows that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds after 5 months is 60%, but the seedling rotting rate is higher.
Example 3
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the peeled seeds with fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 2 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a sterilized and proportionally prepared substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70 percent, and promoting the buds for 60 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. The matrix comprises the following components: 20% of humus soil, 60% of turfy soil, 6% of perlite and the balance of conventional sand, wherein the percentages are mass percentages.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 2 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 50%;
fifthly, placing the seedling tray in the fourth step at 22 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, illuminating by a fluorescent lamp for 10 hours/day, and promoting the seedlings for 60 days with the light intensity of 1000-.
The experimental result shows that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds after 5 months is 63%, but seedlings are weak.
Example 4
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the seeds with the fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 8 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a sterilized and proportionally prepared substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 25 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70 percent, and promoting the buds for 60 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. The matrix comprises the following components: 15% of plant ash, 10% of humus soil, 60% of turfy soil, 4% of perlite and the balance of conventional sand, wherein the mass percentages are all.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 25 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, illuminating by a fluorescent lamp for 8 hours/day, and promoting the seedlings for 60 days with the light intensity of 1000-1200 Lux.
The experimental results show that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds subjected to only one low-temperature treatment is very low after 5 months and is only 5%.
Example 5
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the seeds with the fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 4 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a sterilized and proportionally prepared substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70 percent, and promoting the buds for 60 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. The matrix comprises the following components: 20% of plant ash, 20% of humus soil, 50% of turfy soil, 6% of perlite and the balance of conventional sand, wherein the mass percentages are all.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 4 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 60%;
and fifthly, placing the seedling tray obtained in the fourth step at 22 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, and promoting the seedlings for 60 days.
The experimental result shows that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds after 5 months is 70%, and seedlings are long, thin and long.
Example 6
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the seeds with the fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 4 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a sterilized and proportionally prepared substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70 percent, and promoting the buds for 50 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. The matrix comprises the following components: 10% of plant ash, 30% of humus soil, 40% of turfy soil, 8% of perlite and the balance of conventional sand, wherein the mass percentages are all.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 4 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 50%;
and fifthly, placing the seedling tray in the fourth step at 22 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, illuminating by a fluorescent lamp for 12 hours/day, keeping the light intensity at 1000-.
The experimental result shows that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds after 5 months is 69 percent, and seedlings are short.
Example 7
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the seeds with the fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 4 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a sterilized and proportionally prepared substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70%, and promoting the buds for 70 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. The matrix comprises the following components: 10% of plant ash, 20% of humus soil, 50% of turfy soil, 6% of perlite and the balance of conventional sand, wherein the mass percentages are all.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 4 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 50%;
fifthly, placing the seedling tray of the fourth step at 18-20 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, illuminating by a fluorescent lamp for 8 hours/day, and promoting the seedlings for 70 days with the light intensity of 1000 plus 1200 Lux.
The experimental result shows that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds after 5 months is 50%.
Example 8
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the seeds with the fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 4 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a sterilized and proportionally prepared substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70 percent, and promoting the buds for 60 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. The matrix comprises the following components: 10% of plant ash, 20% of humus soil, 50% of turfy soil, 6% of perlite and the balance of conventional sand, wherein the mass percentages are all.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 4 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 50%;
fifthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the fourth step at 24-25 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, illuminating by a fluorescent lamp for 8 hours/day, and promoting the seedling treatment for 60 days with the light intensity of 1000 plus 1200 Lux.
The experimental result shows that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds after 5 months is 65%.
Example 9
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the peeled seeds with fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 4 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a sterilized and proportionally prepared substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70 percent, and promoting the buds for 60 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. The matrix comprises the following components: 10% of plant ash, 20% of humus soil, 50% of turfy soil, 6% of perlite and the balance of conventional sand, wherein the mass percentages are all.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 4 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 50%;
and fifthly, placing the seedling raising tray obtained in the fourth step at 22 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, and performing zero illumination to promote the seedlings for 60 days.
The experimental result shows that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds after 5 months is 5 percent, the emergence rate is low, and the seedlings are weak and long. Therefore, the illumination is the basic condition for the emergence of the paris polyphylla seeds.
Example 10
Firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel at the beginning of 10 months, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the peeled seeds with fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 4 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before transplanting the seedlings, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling tray, putting a disinfected substrate with the thickness of 6-7cm in advance in the seedling tray, covering the substrate 1cm on the paris polyphylla seeds, placing the paris polyphylla seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the moisture at 70%, and promoting the buds for 60 days; the depth of the seedling raising plate is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising plate is permeable and breathable. Wherein the matrix component is conventional sand.
Fourthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the third step at 4 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 50%;
and fifthly, placing the seedling raising tray in the fourth step at 22 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, illuminating by a fluorescent lamp for 8 hours/day, and promoting the seedlings for 60 days with the light intensity of 1000-.
The experimental result shows that the emergence rate of the paris polyphylla seeds after 5 months is 35%, the seedlings are thin and weak, the survival time is short, and the seedlings are poured after one month.
In conclusion, in order to ensure the vigorous growth of the paris polyphylla seedlings, the components such as plant ash, humus soil, turfy soil, perlite and the like in the matrix are indispensable, and the proportion of each component is specially prepared according to the requirements of emergence and growth of the paris polyphylla seeds.
It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the content of the present specification and the attached drawings, which are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An indoor artificial seedling raising method for paris polyphylla seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps: the artificial seedling method comprises the following specific steps of alternately treating paris polyphylla seeds at low temperature twice, treating peeled seeds at low temperature for promoting buds for the first time, and treating germinated seeds at low temperature for promoting leaves to grow for the second time:
firstly, selecting paris polyphylla seeds with cracked peel, yellow peel and mature peel, peeling off the shells, mixing fine sand and the seeds according to a ratio of 2:1, and rubbing off red peel;
secondly, mixing the peeled seeds with fine sand according to a ratio of 1:1, putting the mixture into a seed mesh bag, keeping the water content at 20%, refrigerating the mixture at 4 ℃ and carrying out primary low-temperature treatment for later use;
thirdly, taking out the spare seeds 5 months before the seedlings are transplanted, sowing the spare seeds in a prepared seedling raising tray, covering a layer of 1 cm-thick disinfection matrix prepared according to the proportion on the seeds, placing the seeds at 22 ℃, keeping the water content at 70 percent, and promoting the buds for 60 days; the prepared seedling raising tray is characterized in that a layer of disinfection matrix with the thickness of 6-7cm and prepared in proportion is paved in the seedling raising tray in advance, the depth of the seedling raising tray is 10-12cm, and the bottom of the seedling raising tray is permeable to water and air; the matrix comprises 20% of humus soil, 50% of turfy soil, 6% of perlite and 10% of plant ash, wherein the mass percentages of the humus soil, the turfy soil and the perlite are respectively, and the balance is conventional sand;
fourthly, placing the seedling tray of the previous step at 4 ℃ for secondary low-temperature treatment for 20 days, and keeping the water content at 50%;
fifthly, placing the seedling tray of the last step at 22 ℃, keeping the water content at 70%, illuminating for 8 hours/day, keeping the light intensity at 1000-.
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