CN109452115A - A kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root - Google Patents

A kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109452115A
CN109452115A CN201811019576.7A CN201811019576A CN109452115A CN 109452115 A CN109452115 A CN 109452115A CN 201811019576 A CN201811019576 A CN 201811019576A CN 109452115 A CN109452115 A CN 109452115A
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fertilizer
cave
cultural method
ditch
himalayan
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赵辉
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Tibet Yue Wang Medicine Diagnosis Ecology Tibetan Medicine Technology Co Ltd
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Tibet Yue Wang Medicine Diagnosis Ecology Tibetan Medicine Technology Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275—Films
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, disclose a kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root.Cultural method elder generation of the present invention site preparation, beats cave at ditching；It is sowed in cave, is covered after blinding with the film that shades, remove shading film after germination；Then watering was sprayed into ditch every 3~4 days, and imposes nursery fertilizer in second of spray watering；Compound fertilizer is imposed after seed bud grows complete young leaves, while auxiliary increases illumination daily；And second of compound fertilizer is imposed after 40 days；Current year imposes third time compound fertilizer after autumn, and fertilising harvests after 30-40 days；Field management is carried out in entire cultivation.The present invention is with overlay film nursery and in conjunction with the measures such as optimal fertilizer applications and fill-in light photograph, the root biomass of received himalayan four-o'clock root and flavones content are higher by about 25% and 35% compared with the obtained himalayan four-o'clock root of control technology respectively while obtaining higher survival rate, overall effect is substantially better than traditional planting technology, and medicinal root biomass and flavones effective component are higher.

Description

A kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root.
Background technique
Himalayan four-o'clock root system Nyctaginaceae plant Himalaya four-o'clock (Mirabilis himalaica Edgew) Dry root, applicating history is long in traditional Tibetan medicine and pharmacology, with warm kidney, myogenic, diuresis, arrange Shi Hegan " yellow water " function Can, it is mainly used for that stomach cold, kidney are cold, the lower part of the body is cold, impotence edema, vesical calculus, pain in the loins, arthralgia, " yellow water " pain etc..Himalaya Four-o'clock is that applicating history is earliest, one of the big root class medicinal material of application amount maximum ten.
The cultivation of traditional himalayan four-o'clock root, obtained flavones is lower, and its medicinal Root yield per mu yield is less than 200kg. In consideration of it, it is necessary to provide a kind of cultivation techniques for improving himalayan four-o'clock root good quality and high output.Not only to the guarantor of this medicinal material Shield can play an important role, while provide reliable technical guarantee to the artificial mass production of himalayan four-o'clock root, compensate for open country The deficiency of raw himalayan four-o'clock root scarcity of resources, can improve himalayan four-o'clock root status in imminent danger, keep Himalaya purple Jasmine plays its good social effect and economic benefit becomes a reality.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root, so that the cultivation Culture method can be improved the Root yield of himalayan four-o'clock root；
Another object of the present invention is that a kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root is provided, so that the cultivation Method can be improved the flavones content of himalayan four-o'clock root.
To achieve the goals above, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root, comprising:
Step 1, ditching, beats cave at crop field soil site preparation；
It sows, is covered in ditch with the film that shades immediately after then covering soil, germination 5~8 days in step 2, cave After remove shading film；Then watering was sprayed into ditch every 3~4 days, and is imposed in second of spray watering by making compost, urinating The nursery fertilizer of element and phosphate fertilizer composition；
Step 3, the compound fertilizer that nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer composition are imposed after seed bud grows complete young leaves, at the same it is auxiliary daily Help the illumination for increasing 2-6h；And second of compound fertilizer is imposed after 40 days；
Step 4, current year impose third time compound fertilizer after autumn, and fertilising harvests after 30-40 days；Step 2 is entirely cultivated to step 4 Field management is carried out in the process.
It is lower for the himalayan four-o'clock root flavones amount of existing cultivation technique plantation, and its medicinal Root yield per mu yield is insufficient The problem of, the present invention solves the above problem with overlay film nursery and in conjunction with the measures such as optimal fertilizer applications and fill-in light photograph.Its In, soil preferred soil horizon in crop field is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component is in 35~45%, loam of the sand degree 40~60%, The full seed of himalayan four-o'clock root black within the 1 year the storage of seeds time of himalayan four-o'clock root；The field management Including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control include spray 0.5% Rogor and poison it is pungent mixed The prevention and treatment of insecticide (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and maize ear rot is closed, it is 30- that entire cultivation, which keeps humidity, 60%.
Preferably, the site preparation is that crop field soil imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), Soil is ploughed deeply after sunlight exposure, is sterilized with pulverized limestone, leveling.
Preferably, the ditching is with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditching It fills after good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, until soil moisture is 40%~60%.
In order to promote the growth of himalayan four-o'clock root with more distribution, reach expected mesh with convenient , the present invention is preferable in ditch same position on beating cave and beats cave in a manner of two caves of bilateral symmetry to dig；In specific embodiment In, 40~50cm of time interval, two 5~10cm of cave interval of left and right, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
Based on above-mentioned preferred embodiment, sowing is to be seeded in it with himalayan four-o'clock root seed in cave left in ditch in the cave Himalayan four-o'clock root seed is sowed at its right mode and sows in left and right cave, i.e., sowing of " keeping right by left and right on a left side ".
Preferably, the dosage for spraying watering in step 2 is 0.5kg/m2。
Preferably, the mass ratio of making compost in the fertilizer of the nursery, urea and phosphate fertilizer is 98:1:1, the phosphate fertilizer is with phosphorus member The one-lime phosphates class phosphate fertilizer such as cellulose content meter, preferably calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate；The dosage of the nursery fertilizer is 0.1kg/m2。
Preferably, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in the compound fertilizer, in terms of constituent content, mass ratio is (1-2): (1- 5): (1-5), dosage 0.2-0.8kg/m2,.Wherein, nitrogenous fertilizer is selected from ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium sulfate, urea etc., and phosphate fertilizer was selected from phosphorus The one-lime phosphates class phosphate fertilizer such as sour calcium, double superhosphate；Potash fertilizer is selected from potassium sulfate etc.；In the specific embodiment of the invention, first Compound fertilizer's nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer of secondary application, in terms of constituent content, mass ratio 2:5:5, dosage 0.2-0.5kg/m2； Compound fertilizer's nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer of second of application, in terms of constituent content, mass ratio 1:1:1, dosage 0.4kg/m2； Compound fertilizer's nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer of third time application, in terms of constituent content, mass ratio 2:5:5, dosage 0.3-0.8kg/ m2；
Preferably, the daily auxiliary increases the illumination of 2-6h specifically:
In a manner of incandescent lamp and fluorescent lamp space crossings, the illumination that lamps and lanterns auxiliary increases 2-6h, light are prepared at interval of 6.5m It is 900-1000lux, further preferably 960lux according to intensity, increases 2h, 4h or 6h illumination.
Test is compared using the cultural method of cultural method of the present invention and control, the results show that happiness horse of the invention Draw the flavones content of refined four-o'clock in 2.5-3.0%, medicinal per mu yield is 245-270kg/ mus, and the Himalaya purple jasmine compareed The flavones content of jasmine is 175-205kg/ mus in 1.5-2.2%, medicinal per mu yield, and the two is compared, and the present invention has significant excellent Gesture.
From the above technical scheme, the present invention arranges with overlay film nursery and in conjunction with optimal fertilizer applications and fill-in light photograph etc. It applies, the root biomass of received himalayan four-o'clock root and flavones content obtain happiness compared with control technology while obtaining higher survival rate The refined four-o'clock of horse traction is higher by about 25% and 35% respectively, and overall effect is substantially better than traditional planting technology, and medicinal root biomass It is higher with flavones effective component.
Specific embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root, those skilled in the art can be used for reference in this paper Hold, is suitably modified realization of process parameters.In particular, it should be pointed out that all similar substitutions and modifications are to those skilled in the art For be it will be apparent that they are considered as being included in the present invention.Cultural method of the present invention is through passing through preferred embodiment Be described, related personnel obviously can not depart from the content of present invention, in spirit and scope to cultural method as described herein It is modified or appropriate changes and combinations, carrys out implementation and application the technology of the present invention.
Due difference is removed in comparative test in the specific embodiment of the invention, between embodiment and comparative example Outside, other fertilizer used, planting environment, way to manage etc. are consistent.
Just a kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root provided by the present invention is described further below.
Embodiment 1: the cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root of the present invention
1. seed selection: the full seed of preferred himalayan four-o'clock root black of the storage time within 1 year；
2. selection of land: preferably soil horizon is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component in 35~45%, sand degree 40~60% Loam；
3. site preparation: milpa imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), and soil is ploughed deeply through daylight It after being exposed to the sun, is sterilized, is flattened, with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditch length can with pulverized limestone According to soil form reasonable layout；It fills after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, it is 40%~60% to soil moisture；With The time interval of 40~50cm, the left and right of 5~10cm, which are interval in ditch, beats cave, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. seeding and seedling raising: being kept left with a left side, himalayan four-o'clock root seed is seeded in cave by the distribution mode that the right side is kept right, and is covered Lid is covered in ditch with the film that shades after sowing immediately with the soil of 1cm, a ditch, and germination removes after 7 days and is overlying on ditch Interior shading film.Afterwards every 4 days with 0.5kg/m2In the uniform spray of water spray spray and ditch, and when second of spray waters Impose nursery fertilizer 0.1kg/m2, to spray watering and fertilising.To seed bud grow complete young leaves impose 2:5:5 by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus The compound fertilizer of fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition, dosage 0.2kg/m2。
5. fill-in light shines: after himalayan four-o'clock root seedling starts normal growth, increasing the light application time of 2h daily, increase Adding illumination period to keep intensity of illumination is houseplant normal growth and 60%, the about 960lux of intensity of illumination bloomed, and And the compound fertilizer of 1:1:1 being made of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, dosage 0.4kg/m are imposed after 40 days2。
6. apply fertilizer after autumn: keeping loam humidity in 30-60% during cultivation, impose 0.5kg/m after autumn22:5:5 by The compound fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition.
7. daily management: including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes spraying 0.5% Rogor and the pungent lethane of poison (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and the prevention and treatment of maize ear rot.
8. harvesting: being harvested apply fertilizer 30~40 days after autumn after.
Embodiment 2: the cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root of the present invention
1. seed selection: the full seed of preferred himalayan four-o'clock root black of the storage time within 1 year；
2. selection of land: preferably soil horizon is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component in 35~45%, sand degree 40~60% Loam；
3. site preparation: milpa imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), and soil is ploughed deeply through daylight It after being exposed to the sun, is sterilized, is flattened, with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditch length can with pulverized limestone According to soil form reasonable layout；It fills after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, it is 40%~60% to soil moisture；With The time interval of 40~50cm, the left and right of 5~10cm, which are interval in ditch, beats cave, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. seeding and seedling raising: being kept left with a left side, himalayan four-o'clock root seed is seeded in cave by the distribution mode that the right side is kept right, and is covered Lid is covered in ditch with the film that shades after sowing immediately with the soil of 1cm, a ditch, and germination removes after 5 days and is overlying on ditch Interior shading film.Afterwards every 3 days with 0.5kg/m2In the uniform spray of water spray spray and ditch, and when second of spray waters Impose nursery fertilizer 0.1kg/m2, to spray watering and fertilising.To seed bud grow complete young leaves impose 2:5:5 by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus The compound fertilizer of fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition, dosage 0.2kg/m2。
5. fill-in light shines: after himalayan four-o'clock root seedling starts normal growth, increasing the light application time of 4h daily, increase Adding illumination period to keep intensity of illumination is houseplant normal growth and 60%, the about 960lux of intensity of illumination bloomed, and And the compound fertilizer of 1:1:1 being made of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, dosage 0.4kg/m are imposed after 40 days2。
6. apply fertilizer after autumn: keeping loam humidity in 30-60% during cultivation, impose 0.5kg/m after autumn22:5:5 by The compound fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition.
7. daily management: including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes spraying 0.5% Rogor and the pungent lethane of poison (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and the prevention and treatment of maize ear rot.
8. harvesting: being harvested apply fertilizer 30~40 days after autumn after.
Embodiment 3: the cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root of the present invention
1. seed selection: the full seed of preferred himalayan four-o'clock root black of the storage time within 1 year；
2. selection of land: preferably soil horizon is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component in 35~45%, sand degree 40~60% Loam；
3. site preparation: milpa imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), and soil is ploughed deeply through daylight It after being exposed to the sun, is sterilized, is flattened, with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditch length can with pulverized limestone According to soil form reasonable layout；It fills after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, it is 40%~60% to soil moisture；With The time interval of 40~50cm, the left and right of 5~10cm, which are interval in ditch, beats cave, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. seeding and seedling raising: being kept left with a left side, himalayan four-o'clock root seed is seeded in cave by the distribution mode that the right side is kept right, and is covered Lid is covered in ditch with the film that shades after sowing immediately with the soil of 1cm, a ditch, and germination removes after 6 days and is overlying on ditch Interior shading film.Afterwards every 4 days with 0.5kg/m2In the uniform spray of water spray spray and ditch, and when second of spray waters Impose nursery fertilizer 0.1kg/m2, to spray watering and fertilising.To seed bud grow complete young leaves impose 2:5:5 by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus The compound fertilizer of fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition, dosage 0.2kg/m2。
5. fill-in light shines: after himalayan four-o'clock root seedling starts normal growth, increasing the light application time of 6h daily, increase Adding illumination period to keep intensity of illumination is houseplant normal growth and 60%, the about 960lux of intensity of illumination bloomed, and And the compound fertilizer of 1:1:1 being made of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, dosage 0.4kg/m are imposed after 40 days2。
6. apply fertilizer after autumn: keeping loam humidity in 30-60% during cultivation, impose 0.5kg/m after autumn22:5:5 by The compound fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition.
7. daily management: including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes spraying 0.5% Rogor and the pungent lethane of poison (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and the prevention and treatment of maize ear rot.
8. harvesting: being harvested apply fertilizer 30~40 days after autumn after.
Embodiment 4: the cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root of the present invention
1. seed selection: the full seed of preferred himalayan four-o'clock root black of the storage time within 1 year；
2. selection of land: preferably soil horizon is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component in 35~45%, sand degree 40~60% Loam；
3. site preparation: milpa imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), and soil is ploughed deeply through daylight It after being exposed to the sun, is sterilized, is flattened, with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditch length can with pulverized limestone According to soil form reasonable layout；It fills after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, it is 40%~60% to soil moisture；With The time interval of 40~50cm, the left and right of 5~10cm, which are interval in ditch, beats cave, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. seeding and seedling raising: being kept left with a left side, himalayan four-o'clock root seed is seeded in cave by the distribution mode that the right side is kept right, and is covered Lid is covered in ditch with the film that shades after sowing immediately with the soil of 1cm, a ditch, and germination removes after 7 days and is overlying on ditch Interior shading film.Afterwards every 3 days with 0.5kg/m2In the uniform spray of water spray spray and ditch, and when second of spray waters Impose nursery fertilizer 0.1kg/m2, to spray watering and fertilising.To seed bud grow complete young leaves impose 2:5:5 by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus The compound fertilizer of fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition, dosage 0.5kg/m2。
5. fill-in light shines: after himalayan four-o'clock root seedling starts normal growth, increasing the light application time of 2h daily, increase Adding illumination period to keep intensity of illumination is houseplant normal growth and 60%, the about 960lux of intensity of illumination bloomed, and And the compound fertilizer of 1:1:1 being made of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, dosage 0.4kg/m are imposed after 40 days2。
6. apply fertilizer after autumn: keeping loam humidity in 30-60% during cultivation, impose 0.8kg/m after autumn22:5:5 by The compound fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition.
7. daily management: including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes spraying 0.5% Rogor and the pungent lethane of poison (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and the prevention and treatment of maize ear rot.
8. harvesting: being harvested apply fertilizer 30~40 days after autumn after.
Embodiment 5: the cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root of the present invention
1. seed selection: the full seed of preferred himalayan four-o'clock root black of the storage time within 1 year；
2. selection of land: preferably soil horizon is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component in 35~45%, sand degree 40~60% Loam；
3. site preparation: milpa imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), and soil is ploughed deeply through daylight It after being exposed to the sun, is sterilized, is flattened, with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditch length can with pulverized limestone According to soil form reasonable layout；It fills after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, it is 40%~60% to soil moisture；With The time interval of 40~50cm, the left and right of 5~10cm, which are interval in ditch, beats cave, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. seeding and seedling raising: being kept left with a left side, himalayan four-o'clock root seed is seeded in cave by the distribution mode that the right side is kept right, and is covered Lid is covered in ditch with the film that shades after sowing immediately with the soil of 1cm, a ditch, and germination removes after 8 days and is overlying on ditch Interior shading film.Afterwards every 4 days with 0.5kg/m2In the uniform spray of water spray spray and ditch, and when second of spray waters Impose nursery fertilizer 0.1kg/m2, to spray watering and fertilising.To seed bud grow complete young leaves impose 2:5:5 by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus The compound fertilizer of fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition, dosage 0.2kg/m2。
5. fill-in light shines: after himalayan four-o'clock root seedling starts normal growth, increasing the light application time of 2h daily, increase Adding illumination period to keep intensity of illumination is houseplant normal growth and 60%, the about 960lux of intensity of illumination bloomed, and And the compound fertilizer of 1:1:1 being made of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, dosage 0.4kg/m are imposed after 40 days2。
6. apply fertilizer after autumn: keeping loam humidity in 30-60% during cultivation, impose 0.3kg/m after autumn22:5:5 by The compound fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition.
7. daily management: including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes spraying 0.5% Rogor and the pungent lethane of poison (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and the prevention and treatment of maize ear rot.
8. harvesting: being harvested apply fertilizer 30~40 days after autumn after.
Embodiment 6: comparative test
Comparative example 1:
1. seed selection: the full seed of preferred himalayan four-o'clock root black of the storage time within 1 year；
2. selection of land: preferably soil horizon is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component in 35~45%, sand degree 40~60% Loam；
3. site preparation: milpa imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), and soil is ploughed deeply through daylight It after being exposed to the sun, is sterilized, is flattened, with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditch length can with pulverized limestone According to soil form reasonable layout；It fills after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, it is 40%~60% to soil moisture；With The time interval of 40~50cm, the left and right of 5~10cm, which are interval in ditch, beats cave, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. seeding and seedling raising: being kept left with a left side, himalayan four-o'clock root seed is seeded in cave by the distribution mode that the right side is kept right, and is covered Lid is with the soil of 1cm.Afterwards every 4 days with 0.5kg/m2In the uniform spray of water spray spray and ditch, and water in second of spray When impose nursery fertilizer 0.1kg/m2, to spray watering and fertilising.To seed bud grow complete young leaves impose 2:5:5 by nitrogenous fertilizer, Phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition compound fertilizer (with embodiment 1), dosage 0.2kg/m2。
5. top dressing: 40 days after himalayan four-o'clock root seedling starts normal growth, impose 1:1:1 by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, Potash fertilizer forms compound fertilizer (with embodiment 1), dosage 0.4kg/m2。
6. apply fertilizer after autumn: keeping loam humidity in 30-60% during cultivation, impose 0.5kg/m after autumn22:5:5 by Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition compound fertilizer (with embodiment 1).
7. daily management: including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes spraying 0.5% Rogor and the pungent lethane of poison (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and the prevention and treatment of maize ear rot.
8. harvesting: being harvested apply fertilizer 30~40 days after autumn after.
Comparative example 2:
1. seed selection: the full seed of preferred himalayan four-o'clock root black of the storage time within 1 year；
2. selection of land: preferably soil horizon is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component in 35~45%, sand degree 40~60% Loam；
3. site preparation: milpa imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), and soil is ploughed deeply through daylight It after being exposed to the sun, is sterilized, is flattened, with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditch length can with pulverized limestone According to soil form reasonable layout；It fills after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, it is 40%~60% to soil moisture；With The time interval of 40~50cm, the left and right of 5~10cm, which are interval in ditch, beats cave, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. seeding and seedling raising: being kept left with a left side, himalayan four-o'clock root seed is seeded in cave by the distribution mode that the right side is kept right, and is covered Lid is covered in ditch with the film that shades after sowing immediately with the soil of 1cm, a ditch, and germination removes after 5~8 days and is overlying on Shading film in ditch.Afterwards every 4 days with 0.5kg/m2In the uniform spray of water spray spray and ditch, and water in second of spray When impose nursery fertilizer 0.1kg/m2, to spray watering and fertilising.To seed bud grow complete young leaves impose 2:5:5 by nitrogenous fertilizer, Phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition compound fertilizer (with embodiment 1), dosage 0.2kg/m2。
5. top dressing: imposed after himalayan four-o'clock root seedling starts normal growth 40 days 1:1:1 by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, Potash fertilizer forms compound fertilizer (with embodiment 1), dosage 0.4kg/m2。
6. apply fertilizer after autumn: keeping loam humidity in 30-60% during cultivation, impose 0.5kg/m after autumn22:5:5 by Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition compound fertilizer (with embodiment 1).
7. daily management: including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes spraying 0.5% Rogor and the pungent lethane of poison (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and the prevention and treatment of maize ear rot.
8. harvesting: being harvested apply fertilizer 30~40 days after autumn after.
Comparative example 3:
1. seed selection: the full seed of preferred himalayan four-o'clock root black of the storage time within 1 year；
2. selection of land: preferably soil horizon is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component in 35~45%, sand degree 40~60% Loam；
3. site preparation: milpa imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), and soil is ploughed deeply through daylight It after being exposed to the sun, is sterilized, is flattened, with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditch length can with pulverized limestone According to soil form reasonable layout；It fills after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, it is 40%~60% to soil moisture；With The time interval of 40~50cm, the left and right of 5~10cm, which are interval in ditch, beats cave, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. seeding and seedling raising: being kept left with a left side, himalayan four-o'clock root seed is seeded in cave by the distribution mode that the right side is kept right, and is covered Lid is with the soil of 1cm, every 4 days with 0.5kg/m2In the uniform spray of water spray spray and ditch, and when second of spray waters Impose nursery fertilizer 0.1kg/m2, to spray watering and fertilising.To seed bud grow complete young leaves impose 2:5:5 by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus Fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition compound fertilizer (with embodiment 1), dosage 0.2kg/m2。
5. fill-in light shines: after himalayan four-o'clock root seedling starts normal growth, increasing the light application time of 2h daily, increase Add illumination period keep intensity of illumination be 60%, about 960lux, and impose after 40 days 1:1:1 by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium Fertilizer composition compound fertilizer (with embodiment 1), dosage 0.4kg/m2。
6. apply fertilizer after autumn: keeping loam humidity in 30-60% during cultivation, impose 0.5kg/m after autumn22:5:5 by Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer composition compound fertilizer (with embodiment 1).
7. daily management: including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes spraying 0.5% Rogor and the pungent lethane of poison (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and the prevention and treatment of maize ear rot.
8. harvesting: being harvested apply fertilizer 30~40 days after autumn after.
Comparative example 4:
1. seed selection: the full seed of preferred himalayan four-o'clock root black of the storage time within 1 year；
2. selection of land: preferably soil horizon is thicker, pH value is moderate, clay component in 35~45%, sand degree 40~60% Loam；
3. site preparation: milpa imposes organic compound fertilizer (compost and cake fertilizer, mass ratio 9:1), and soil is ploughed deeply through daylight It after being exposed to the sun, is sterilized, is flattened, with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, 5~8cm of ditch depth, 20~30cm of furrow width, ditch length can with pulverized limestone According to soil form reasonable layout；It is filled after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m, is 40%~60% to soil moisture；With 40 The time interval of~50cm, the left and right of 5~10cm, which are interval in ditch, beats cave, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. seeding and seedling raising: being kept left with a left side, himalayan four-o'clock root seed is seeded in cave by the distribution mode that the right side is kept right, and is covered Lid is covered in ditch with the film that shades after sowing immediately with the soil of 1cm, a ditch, and germination removes after 5~8 days and is overlying on Shading film in ditch.Control water spray frequency and amount of water sprayed according to the actual situation control humidity range 30~60%.
5. fill-in light shines: after himalayan four-o'clock root seedling starts normal growth, increasing the light application time of 2h daily, increase Add illumination period keep intensity of illumination be houseplant normal growth and bloom the 60% of intensity of illumination, about 960lux.
6. apply fertilizer after autumn after autumn: keeping loam humidity in 30-60% during cultivation, do not apply fertilizer.
7. daily management: including to pest and disease damage Prevention technology operation, weeding, fill the gaps with seedlings.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control includes spraying 0.5% Rogor and the pungent lethane of poison (Rogor is 1:1 with the pungent mixed proportion of poison) and the prevention and treatment of maize ear rot.
8. harvesting: being harvested apply fertilizer 30~40 days after autumn after.
It (in addition to due difference, keeps above-mentioned comparative example 1-4 as control cultural method and implements in other links 1 cultural method of example it is consistent), the cultural method with 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention is under identical crop field environment, using identical source With article needed for the seed of quality and other, and using identical field management carry out experiment in cultivation, each group after autumn Fertilising harvests after 40 days, and general flavone is measured by SN/T4592~2016, each cultural method carries out 50 experiments in cultivation simultaneously, It is recorded with average value, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Cultural method General flavone % Medicinal root biomass kg/ mus
Embodiment 1 3.01* 268*
Embodiment 2 2.78* 263*
Embodiment 3 2.51* 257*
Embodiment 4 2.92* 262*
Embodiment 5 2.65* 246*
Comparative example 1 1.82 177
Comparative example 2 1.93 184
Comparative example 3 2.15 202
Comparative example 4 1.76 191
* indicate that there is significant difference, p < 0.05 relative to comparative example 1,2,3 and 4；
By table 1, it is apparent that the flavones content of himalayan four-o'clock root of the invention is in 2.5-3.0%, medicinal Per mu yield be 245-270kg/ mu, and control himalayan four-o'clock root flavones content in 1.5-2.2%, medicinal per mu yield is 175-205kg/ mus, the two is compared, and the root biomass and flavones content of the received himalayan four-o'clock root of cultural method of the present invention mention It is high by about 25% and 35%.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root characterized by comprising
Step 1, ditching, beats cave at crop field soil site preparation；
It sows in step 2, cave, is covered in ditch with the film that shades immediately after then covering soil, dropped back within germination 5~8 days Fall the film that shades；Then watering was sprayed into ditch every 3~4 days, and impose in second spray watering by making compost, urea with The nursery fertilizer of phosphate fertilizer composition；
Step 3, the compound fertilizer that nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer composition are imposed after seed bud grows complete young leaves, while auxiliary increases daily Add the illumination of 2-6h；And second of compound fertilizer is imposed after 40 days；
Step 4, current year impose third time compound fertilizer after autumn, and fertilising harvests after 30-40 days；Step 2 is to the entire cultivation of step 4 Middle carry out field management.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to beat cave are as follows:
In same position in ditch by dig bilateral symmetry two caves in a manner of beat cave.
3. cultural method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to beat cave are as follows:
Beat cave in a manner of two caves of bilateral symmetry to dig in same position in ditch, 40~50cm of time interval, control two cave intervals 5~ 10cm, the deep 4~8cm in cave.
4. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sowing is with Himalaya in cave left in ditch in the cave Four-o'clock seed, which is seeded in himalayan four-o'clock root seed in its left and right cave and is sowed at its right mode, to be sowed.
5. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the site preparation is that crop field soil imposes organic compound fertilizer, Soil is ploughed deeply after sunlight exposure, is sterilized with pulverized limestone, leveling.
6. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ditching is with the interval ditching of 30~40cm, ditch Deep 5~8cm, 20~30cm of furrow width, fill after ditching is good with water, irrigation quantity 2kg/m2, until soil moisture is 40%~60%.
7. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dosage of the spray watering is 0.5kg/m2。
8. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described make compost, the mass ratio of urea and phosphate fertilizer is 98:1: 1, the phosphate fertilizer is in terms of phosphorus element content.
9. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dosage of the nursery fertilizer is 0.1kg/m2。
10. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in the compound fertilizer, with member Cellulose content meter, mass ratio are (1-2): (1-5): (1-5).
11. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dosage of the compound fertilizer is 0.2-0.8kg/m2。
12. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the daily auxiliary increases the illumination of 2-6h specifically:
In a manner of incandescent lamp and fluorescent lamp space crossings, the illumination that lamps and lanterns auxiliary increases 2-6h is prepared at interval of 6.5m, illumination is strong Degree is 900-1000lux.
CN201811019576.7A 2018-09-03 2018-09-03 A kind of cultural method of himalayan four-o'clock root Pending CN109452115A (en)

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