CN106153721A - A kind of crack in bolt detection method and screw thread crack detection device - Google Patents
A kind of crack in bolt detection method and screw thread crack detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106153721A CN106153721A CN201610450229.4A CN201610450229A CN106153721A CN 106153721 A CN106153721 A CN 106153721A CN 201610450229 A CN201610450229 A CN 201610450229A CN 106153721 A CN106153721 A CN 106153721A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/30—Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
- G01N2291/2691—Bolts, screws, heads
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of crack in bolt detection method and crack in bolt detection device, described crack in bolt detection method comprises the steps of S1, the Design and Machining reference block containing standard depth simulating crack；S2, customizes ultrasound wave double crystal probe；S3, carries out ultrasound sensitivity regulation in reference block, takes ultrasonic wave height 60% for detection benchmark wave height；S4, if not having the waveshape signal beyond benchmark wave height occur between beginning ripple and end ripple, then judges that this bolt does not has crackle；If the waveshape signal beyond benchmark wave height occurring between beginning ripple and end ripple, it is determined that this crack in bolt exceeds standard.Described crack in bolt detection device comprises ultrasonic reflectoscope, ultrasound wave double crystal probe, couplant, reference block；Described couplant covers for the nail that described ultrasound wave double crystal probe is coupled to detected bolt；Described ultrasound wave double crystal probe is connected to described ultrasonic reflectoscope by holding wire.The crack in bolt detection method of the present invention and device disclosure satisfy that the detection of crackle, highly sensitive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crack detection technical field, be specifically related to a kind of crack in bolt detection method and screw thread crack detection
Device.
Background technology
Being the crucial load-carrying member on aircraft to connecting bolt, airframe docks with central wing, horizontal stabilizer and vertical
Outer leg is connected stabilization with fuselage, motor mounts docks etc. with load framework with in fuselage docking, main landing gear
It is all with bolts.These are to the flight of the whole aircraft of whether safe relation of connecting bolt and experimental safe.
In aircraft fatigue test, horizontal tail is fixed on fuselage by connecting bolt, and this machine overall design life-span is
At 14000 pilot time, after experiencing 4500 hours, there is fracture in horizontal tail connecting bolt.According to the force analysis of bolt, spiral shell at this
The data of the cracks can spread of bolt fracture analysis and the analytical calculation of damage tolerance design, it is ensured that at this, bolt arrangement is in the maintenance interval
Inner bolt entirety occurs without rupture failure, and crack depth is the bolt more renewed during 1.0mm to need bolt in this place to occur.At this
Bolt uses interference fit, is difficult to secondary assembling, it is therefore desirable to use bolt at this under non collapsible state after dismounting
Ultrasound detection in situ.
The method of conventional securing member ultrasonic in situ detection (Boeing Co.'s recommendation) is to use ultrasonic longitudinal wave from spiral shell
Bolt head or bottom are incident, as it is shown in figure 1, using the 40% of the end wave height of same fasteners as detection sensitivity.Due to the end of with
Wave-wave high 40% is as detection sensitivity, and sensitivity is relatively low, simultaneously the sidewall of bolt and screw thread there will be some mixed and disorderly ultrasonic instead
Penetrating signal, therefore the method generally only requires the bigger crackle of detection (degree of depth is more than 2.5mm).
Up to the present, in situ detection is carried out for thin nail lid (less than 6mm) bolt root crackle (degree of depth is 1.0mm)
Also there is no a kind of detection method reliably, and find that at this, crackle is related to horizontal tail or even the safety of whole aircraft.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of crack in bolt detection method and screw thread crack detection device, to solve or at least
The problem alleviating at least one place in the presence of background technology.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: provides a kind of crack in bolt detection method, comprises the steps of
S1, according to the reference block containing standard depth simulating crack of the detected testpieces Design and Machining；
S2, is detected the degree of depth customization ultrasound wave double crystal probe in region according to testpieces；Connect ultrasonic device and ultrasound wave
Double crystal probe；
S3, carries out ultrasound sensitivity regulation with described standard depth simulating crack in reference block, takes ultrasonic wave height
50%～70% is detection benchmark wave height, as the criterion passing judgment on damage；
S4, carries out ultrasound detection in situ with the ultrasound sensitivity in described step S3 to described detected member；If at beginning ripple
And there is no between end ripple that the waveshape signal beyond described benchmark wave height occurs, then judge that this bolt does not has crackle, complete detection；If
Waveshape signal beyond described benchmark wave height, the positional information that wave recording occurs occur between beginning ripple and end ripple, and judges
This crack in bolt exceeds standard.
Preferably, described standard depth simulating crack is the 1mm degree of depth.
Preferably, described ultrasound wave double crystal probe comprises transmitting wafer and receives wafer, and described transmitting wafer connects with described
Receipts wafer is oppositely arranged, and the angle between two wafers is 10 degree to 15 degree so that acoustic beam forms one in the range of certain depth
Individual rhombus confluence.
Preferably, when determining the ultrasonic incident angle launching wafer, sound beam focusing focal depth and detected region
The degree of depth is identical.
Preferably, the computational methods of described sound beam focusing focal depth are,
In formula, Q is the focus center point degree of depth, and α is ultrasonic incident angle, and d is wafer diameter, and L is sound insulating layer thickness, C2For
Detected acoustic velocity of material, C1For the probe delay block velocity of sound.
Preferably, the reference block in described step S1 is ARTIFICIAL CRACK bolt, described standard depth simulating crack deep
Degree is set to 0.5mm～2.0mm, and width is 0.13mm.
Present invention also offers a kind of crack in bolt detection device, comprise ultrasonic reflectoscope, ultrasound wave double crystal probe, coupling
Mixture, reference block；
Described couplant covers for the nail that described ultrasound wave double crystal probe is coupled to detected bolt；Described ultrasound wave
Double crystal probe is connected to described ultrasonic reflectoscope by holding wire.
In described crack in bolt detection device, it is preferable that described ultrasound wave double crystal probe comprises transmitting wafer and reception
Wafer, described transmitting wafer is oppositely arranged with described reception wafer, and the angle between two wafers is 10 degree to 15 degree so that sound
Bundle forms a rhombus confluence in the range of certain depth.
In described crack in bolt detection device, it is preferable that described crack in bolt detection device also comprises sound insulating layer, described
Sound insulating layer is arranged on transmitting wafer and receives between wafer, is used for separating transmitting sound travel and receiving sound travel.
In described crack in bolt detection device, it is preferable that described reference block is ARTIFICIAL CRACK bolt, simulating crack
The degree of depth is set to 0.5mm～2.0mm, and width is 0.13mm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: the screw thread crack detecting method of the present invention need not dismantle detected bolt, directly
It is connected on the upper detection of bolt, reference block group carries out ultrasound sensitivity regulation with the degree of depth for 1.0mm simulating crack, takes super
Sound wave high 60% is detection benchmark wave height, and detection accuracy is high, it is possible to realize the detection of crackle.
Double crystal probe can obtain reasonable signal to noise ratio, to reduce the blind area of probe.
Transmitting wafer in double crystal probe and receive and be provided with sound insulating layer between wafer, sound insulating layer can by launch sound travel with
Reception sound travel separates, and overcomes and launches interfering and blocking of sound wave and echo, causes pulse narrowing.Reduce ultrasound wave inspection
Survey the blind area of front end, within making detection region be in the detection range of ultrasound wave.
Launch wafer and cross in opposite directions with receiving wafer so that acoustic beam forms a rhombus in certain depth bounds and crosses
District.When detection range is in rhombus confluence, and particularly during the near intersections of center, rhombus confluence, flaw detection sensitivity is high.Logical
Cross change and launch wafer angle, make the ultrasonic beam of two wafers focus on bolt head root area, ensured ultrasound examination
In this region, there is high sensitivity.
Main beam and the diffusion acoustic beam of detection sound wave can produce echo on bolt head root and form clutter, affect crackle
Judgement, when using the special reference block of detection find the regularity of echo and have crackle, the feature of echo, can sentence accordingly
Whether disconnected have crackle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the crack in bolt detection method of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the ultrasound wave double crystal probe of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the ultrasound wave of the present invention roenthenograph in the artificial test block of zero defect.
Fig. 4 is the ultrasound wave of the present invention oscillogram in the artificial test block of zero defect.
Fig. 5 is the ultrasound wave of the present invention roenthenograph in the test block containing artificial defect.
Fig. 6 is ultrasound wave of the present invention oscillogram in the test block containing artificial defect.
Wherein, 1-ultrasound wave double crystal probe, 11-launches wafer, and 12-receives wafer, 13-sound insulating layer, and 2-zero defect is artificial
Test block, the 3-test block containing artificial defect.
Detailed description of the invention
Clearer for the purpose making the present invention implement, technical scheme and advantage, below in conjunction with in the embodiment of the present invention
Accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, the most identical or class
As label represent same or similar element or there is the element of same or like function.Described embodiment is the present invention
A part of embodiment rather than whole embodiments.The embodiment described below with reference to accompanying drawing is exemplary, it is intended to use
In explaining the present invention, and it is not considered as limiting the invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.Under
Face combines accompanying drawing and is described in detail embodiments of the invention.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinally ", " laterally ", "front", "rear",
The orientation of the instruction such as "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward " or position relationship are for based on accompanying drawing institute
The orientation shown or position relationship, be for only for ease of and describe the present invention and simplify description rather than instruction or the dress of hint indication
Put or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that protect the present invention
The restriction of scope.
The principle that the inventive method uses is ultrasonic pulse-echo method, and ultrasonic longitudinal wave acoustic beam is from bolt head face incidence bolt
Inside, impulse wave is propagated in bolt, produces reflection when running into interface, and echo is arrived by receiving wafer receipt, through acoustic-electric
Conversion reflected signal show on fluorescent screen, by analysis reflected signal, can obtain the tested spiral shells such as bolt whether existing defects
Bolt quality information.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of crack in bolt detection method, comprise the steps of S1, add according to the design of detected testpieces
The work reference block containing standard depth simulating crack.
In the present embodiment, described standard depth simulating crack is the 1mm degree of depth.Disclosure satisfy that in the background technology of the present invention
To the testing requirement that the crack in bolt degree of depth is 1mm crackle.
It is understood that the degree of depth of described standard depth simulating crack can also be arranged between 0.5mm～2.0mm,
Width is 0.13mm.Such as, in an alternative embodiment, the degree of depth of described standard depth simulating crack is set to 0.6mm.
S2, is detected the degree of depth customization ultrasound wave double crystal probe in region according to testpieces；Connect ultrasonic device and ultrasound wave
Double crystal probe；
S3, carries out ultrasound sensitivity regulation with described standard depth simulating crack in reference block, takes ultrasonic wave height
50%～70% is detection benchmark wave height, as the criterion passing judgment on damage.
In the present embodiment, reference block group carries out ultrasound sensitivity regulation with the 1mm simulating crack degree of depth, takes ultrasonic
Wave height 60% is detection benchmark wave height.It is understood that in another alternative, detection benchmark wave height can take super
Sound wave high 50%；Detection benchmark wave height arbitrarily can set between 50%～70%.
S4, carries out ultrasound detection in situ with the ultrasound sensitivity in described step S3 to described detected member；Described original position
Ultrasound detection refers to, does not dismantle detected bolt, and directly in the normal operation position detection of detected bolt.Its advantage exists
In, improve detection efficiency, and flawless bolt will not be caused damage.If not occurring beyond institute between beginning ripple and end ripple
State the waveshape signal of benchmark wave height, then judge that this bolt does not has crackle, complete detection；If occurring exceeding between beginning ripple and end ripple
The waveshape signal of described benchmark wave height, the positional information that wave recording occurs, and judge that this crack in bolt exceeds standard.
As it is shown on figure 3, be the ultrasound wave of the present invention roenthenograph in the artificial test block of zero defect, Fig. 4 is the ripple of convex 3 correspondences
Shape figure, wherein left side is beginning ripple, and right side is end ripple.It is ultrasound wave of the present invention penetrating in the test block containing artificial defect in Figure 5
Line chart, Fig. 6 is the oscillogram that Fig. 5 is corresponding, and wherein, left side is beginning ripple, and right side is end ripple, and middle part is crackle waveform.
As in figure 2 it is shown, in the present embodiment, described ultrasound wave double crystal probe comprises transmitting wafer and receives wafer, described
Launching wafer to be oppositely arranged with described reception wafer, the angle between two wafers is 12 degree.It is understood that described transmitting
Angle between wafer and described reception wafer arbitrarily can set between 10 degree to 15 degree so that acoustic beam is at certain depth model
Enclose one rhombus confluence of interior formation.When detection range is in rhombus confluence, particularly center, rhombus confluence near intersections
Time, flaw detection sensitivity is high.Launch wafer angle by changing, make the ultrasonic beam of two wafers focus on bolt head root area
Territory, has ensured that ultrasound examination has high sensitivity in this region.
When determining the ultrasonic incident angle launching wafer, the degree of depth phase in sound beam focusing focal depth and detected region
With.Have an advantage in that, it is possible to ensure that ultrasound examination has high sensitivity in detected region, improve detection accuracy.
In the present embodiment, the computational methods of described sound beam focusing focal depth are,
In formula, Q is the focus center point degree of depth, and α is ultrasonic incident angle, and d is wafer diameter, and L is sound insulating layer thickness, C2For
Detected acoustic velocity of material, C1For the probe delay block velocity of sound.
In the present embodiment, the reference block in described step S1 is ARTIFICIAL CRACK bolt, and the simulation of described standard depth is split
The degree of depth of stricture of vagina could be arranged to 0.5mm～2.0mm, and width is 0.13mm.Such as, in an alternative embodiment, described standard
The degree of depth of Simulation of depth crackle is set to 0.6mm, in another alternative, and the degree of depth of described standard depth simulating crack
It is set to 1.5mm.Main beam and the diffusion acoustic beam of detection sound wave can produce echo on bolt head root and form clutter, impact
The judgement of crackle, the feature of echo, Ke Yiju when the reference block using detection special is found the regularity of echo and has crackle
This determines whether crackle.
Present invention also offers a kind of crack in bolt detection device, comprise ultrasonic reflectoscope, ultrasound wave double crystal probe, coupling
Mixture, reference block；Described couplant covers for the nail that described ultrasound wave double crystal probe is coupled to detected bolt；Described
Ultrasound wave double crystal probe is connected to described ultrasonic reflectoscope by holding wire.
As in figure 2 it is shown, in the present embodiment, described crack in bolt detection device also comprises sound insulating layer, and described sound insulating layer sets
Put and launching wafer and receiving between wafer, be used for separating transmitting sound travel and receiving sound travel.Overcome and launch sound wave and echo
Interfere with each other and block, causing pulse narrowing, thus reduce the blind area of ultrasound examination front end, make tested region be in ultrasonic
Within the detection range of ripple.
In this crack in bolt detection device embodiment, described ultrasound wave double crystal probe comprises transmitting wafer and receives crystalline substance
Sheet, described transmitting wafer is oppositely arranged with described reception wafer, and the angle between two wafers is 12 degree.It is understood that
Angle between described transmitting wafer and described reception wafer arbitrarily can set individual between 10 degree to 15 degree so that acoustic beam exists
A rhombus confluence is formed in the range of certain depth.In detection range is in rhombus confluence, particularly rhombus confluence
During heart near intersections, flaw detection sensitivity is high.Launch wafer angle by changing, make the ultrasonic beam of two wafers focus on spiral shell
Bolt head root area, has ensured that ultrasound examination has high sensitivity in this region.
In crack in bolt detection device the present embodiment, described reference block is ARTIFICIAL CRACK bolt, the master of detection sound wave
Acoustic beam and diffusion acoustic beam can produce echo on bolt head root and form clutter, affect the judgement of crackle, use detection special
Reference block feature of echo when finding the regularity of echo and have crackle, crackle can be determined whether accordingly.In this reality
Executing in example, the degree of depth of simulating crack could be arranged to 0.5mm～2.0mm, and width is 0.13mm.Such as, such as, alternative at one
In embodiment, the degree of depth of described standard depth simulating crack is set to 0.6mm.
Last it is noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, it is not intended to limit.To the greatest extent
The present invention has been described in detail by pipe with reference to previous embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that: it is still
Technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can be modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent replace
Change；And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the essence of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme
God and scope.
Claims (10)
1. a crack in bolt detection method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of
S1, according to the reference block containing standard depth simulating crack of the detected testpieces Design and Machining；
S2, is detected degree of depth customization ultrasound wave double crystal probe (1) in region according to testpieces；Connect ultrasonic device double with ultrasound wave
Brilliant probe (1)；
S3, carries out ultrasound sensitivity regulation with described standard depth simulating crack in reference block, take ultrasonic wave height 50%～
70% is detection benchmark wave height, as the criterion passing judgment on damage；
S4, carries out ultrasound detection in situ with the ultrasound sensitivity in described step S3 to described detected member；If at beginning ripple and the end
There is no between ripple that the waveshape signal beyond described benchmark wave height occurs, then judge that this bolt does not has crackle, complete detection；If beginning
Waveshape signal beyond described benchmark wave height, the positional information that wave recording occurs occur between ripple and end ripple, and judges this spiral shell
Bolt crackle exceeds standard.
2. crack in bolt detection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described standard depth simulating crack is 1mm
The degree of depth.
3. crack in bolt detection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described ultrasound wave double crystal probe (1) comprises
Launching wafer (11) and receive wafer (12), described transmitting wafer (11) is oppositely arranged with described reception wafer (12), two crystalline substances
Angle between sheet is 10 degree to 15 degree so that acoustic beam forms a rhombus confluence in the range of certain depth.
4. crack in bolt detection method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: determining the ultrasonic angle of incidence launching wafer
When spending, sound beam focusing focal depth is identical with the degree of depth in detected region.
5. crack in bolt detection method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the calculating of described sound beam focusing focal depth
Method is,
In formula, Q is the focus center point degree of depth, and α is ultrasonic incident angle, and d is wafer diameter, and L is sound insulating layer thickness, C2For tested
Survey acoustic velocity of material, C1For the probe delay block velocity of sound.
6. crack in bolt detection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the reference block in described step S1 is behaved
Work crackle bolt, the degree of depth of described standard depth simulating crack is set to 0.5mm～2.0mm, and width is 0.13mm.
7. a crack in bolt detection device, it is characterised in that comprise ultrasonic reflectoscope, ultrasound wave double crystal probe (1), coupling
Agent, reference block；
Described couplant covers for the nail that described ultrasound wave double crystal probe is coupled to detected bolt；Described ultrasound wave twin crystal
Probe is connected to described ultrasonic reflectoscope by holding wire.
8. crack in bolt detection device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: described ultrasound wave double crystal probe comprises transmitting
Wafer (11) and receive wafer (12), described transmitting wafer (11) is oppositely arranged with described reception wafer (12), two wafers it
Between angle be 10 degree to 15 degree so that acoustic beam forms a rhombus confluence in the range of certain depth.
9. crack in bolt detection device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: described crack in bolt detection device also comprises
Sound insulating layer (13), described sound insulating layer (13) is arranged on transmitting wafer (11) and receives between wafer (12), being used for separating transmitting sound
Road and reception sound travel.
10. crack in bolt detection device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: described reference block is ARTIFICIAL CRACK spiral shell
Bolt, the degree of depth of simulating crack is set to 0.5mm～2.0mm, and width is 0.13mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610450229.4A CN106153721A (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | A kind of crack in bolt detection method and screw thread crack detection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610450229.4A CN106153721A (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | A kind of crack in bolt detection method and screw thread crack detection device |
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| CN106153721A true CN106153721A (en) | 2016-11-23 |
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| CN201610450229.4A Pending CN106153721A (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2016-06-21 | A kind of crack in bolt detection method and screw thread crack detection device |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN107632071A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-01-26 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Bolt detection means and bolt detection method |
| CN109187742A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-11 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Whether a kind of detection bolt hole has the method and spade-type tool of hole-edge crack |
| CN109444269A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-08 | 天津诚信达金属检测技术有限公司 | Reference block for detecting bolt by ultrasonic phased array and use method |
| CN109781852A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-05-21 | 河北普阳钢铁有限公司 | The detection method of flat metal plate interior laminate layer defect is judged with double-crystal normal probe |
| CN110361454A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-10-22 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | A kind of bolt probe and its single-chip sizing method |
| CN110412127A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-05 | 中广核检测技术有限公司 | The ultrasonic inspection probe and detection method of a kind of turret head of coaming plate and forming board connection bolt |
| CN111351855A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-30 | 核动力运行研究所 | Ultrasonic inspection probe structure with anti-loosening pin bolt |
| CN112098519A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-18 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Detection method for gear cracks of wind generating set |
| CN112444561A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-05 | 武汉联开检测科技有限公司 | Gas production tree/Christmas tree phase array ultrasonic detection method and system |
| CN113552216A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-10-26 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Brake clamp lever bolt test block and brake clamp lever bolt detection method |
| WO2023202222A1 (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-10-26 | 南京拓控信息科技股份有限公司 | Automatic sensitivity measurement method for double crystal ultrasonic probe and flaw detection system thereof |
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| CN107632071A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-01-26 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Bolt detection means and bolt detection method |
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| CN111351855A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-30 | 核动力运行研究所 | Ultrasonic inspection probe structure with anti-loosening pin bolt |
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