CN109434286A - A kind of efficient silk material laser cladding method - Google Patents
A kind of efficient silk material laser cladding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109434286A CN109434286A CN201811568709.6A CN201811568709A CN109434286A CN 109434286 A CN109434286 A CN 109434286A CN 201811568709 A CN201811568709 A CN 201811568709A CN 109434286 A CN109434286 A CN 109434286A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of silk material laser cladding method, it include: that a pole of silk material heating device is connected into workpiece, another pole connects ignition tip, silk material is contacted after ignition tip with workpiece surface, and make laser beam and silk material respectively with workpiece surface at an angle, open silk material heating device, silk material is pre-heated to certain temperature, open laser, laser generate laser beam focus in in workpiece surface silk material, molten bath is formed in workpiece surface moment after silk material absorption laser energy, it is moved by path and speed control molten bath is preestablished in workpiece surface, complete laser melting coating.The present invention is by improving silk material initial temperature and cladding linear velocity, enter silk material before laser beam, its temperature has risen to close to fusing point, it only needs smaller laser energy and shorter laser beam irradiation time that silk material can be made to melt and forms molten bath on the surface of the workpiece, silk material cladding efficiency and quality are all obviously improved, and are had broad popularization and application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of silk material laser cladding method, especially a kind of raising silk material initial temperature and cladding linear velocity
Silk material laser cladding method, belong to advanced manufacturing technology field.
Background technique
A kind of first system of the laser melting and coating technique as high-precision, high-performance, the low-heat zone of influence and low dilution rate feature
Technology is made, is widely used in metal parts surface and prepares the use such as modified coating, surface defect reparation and metal increasing material manufacturing
On the way.
Laser melting and coating technique can be divided into metal powder material laser melting coating according to the state of cladding material and metal wire material laser is molten
Cover two major classes.Metal wire material laser melting coating is using metal wire material as cladding material, using the laser beam of high-energy as energy
Metal wire material and workpiece substrate are melted simultaneously, solidified and deposited according to scheduled machining path by source, to realize in metal
Piece surface prepares alloy clad, repairing defect or the increasing material manufacturing for carrying out metal parts.
Compared to metal powder material laser melting coating, since stock utilization is high, at low cost, cladding layer causes metal wire material laser melting coating
Density is good, defect is few, increasingly the attention by laser melting coating industry.But when due to existing metal wire material cladding, at the beginning of silk material
Beginning temperature it is lower (silk material initial temperature refer to silk material enter laser beam irradiated region before temperature), temperature less than 50 DEG C, and
If silk material will combine together with matrix, temperature needs are increased to degrees Celsius 1300 DEG C or more, this process need to consume compared with
More laser energies goes heating silk material, and silk material is high to the reflectivity of laser, and utilization ratio of laser energy is low, therefore causes metal
The cladding low efficiency of silk material, by taking 2 kilowatts of laser power as an example, the efficiency of traditional silk material cladding 1mm thickness is 0.06-0.08
㎡/h.On the other hand, high power laser is generallyd use to improve laser beam energy in order to improve laser melting coating efficiency in industry
Amount to improve cladding efficiency, but can greatly increase equipment cost using high power laser.So the reason of these two aspects, limits
The extensive industrial application of metal wire material laser melting coating is made.
How to realize that efficient metal wire material laser melting coating is currently to need to solve in the case where not increasing laser power
A difficult point certainly, it is therefore desirable to a kind of solution for improving metal wire material initial temperature and utilization ratio of laser energy, this hair
It is bright to be proposed based on this.
Summary of the invention
It is initially warm by improving silk material it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of high efficiency metallic silk material laser cladding method
Degree and improve cladding linear velocity, enter silk material before laser beam, temperature has risen to close to fusing point, therefore only need compared with
Small laser energy and shorter laser beam irradiation time can be such that silk material melts and form molten bath on the surface of the workpiece, thus
Under same laser power within the unit time can fusing silk material as much as possible, mention silk material cladding efficiency obviously
It rises, while improving silk material initial temperature to improve silk material to the absorptivity of laser, so that cladding efficiency is further increased, this
Outer higher cladding linear velocity can obviously reduce dilution rate and the workpiece heat affected area of cladding layer, be conducive to mentioning for quality of cladding layer
It rises.Therefore the present invention efficiently solves that utilization ratio of laser energy existing for conventional metals silk material laser melting and coating technique is low, cladding effect
The problems such as rate is low has broad popularization and application prospect.
It is as follows that the present invention solves the technical solution that above-mentioned technical problem is taken:
A kind of silk material laser cladding method, the described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: introducing silk material heating device and ignition tip, and the first electrode of the silk material heating device is connected to wait locate
The second electrode of the silk material heating device is connected to the ignition tip by science and engineering part；
Step 2: the front end of silk material is contacted after the ignition tip with the surface of workpiece to be processed, and it is defeated to adjust laser
The position of laser beam and angle out, so that the focal beam spot of laser beam is located at the contacting points position of silk material and workpiece surface to be processed
Near, and keep laser beam and silk material at an angle with the surface of workpiece to be processed respectively；
Step 3: opening silk material heating device, silk material is pre-heated to certain temperature；
Step 4: opening laser, the laser beam focus that laser generates is in the silk material contacted with workpiece surface to be processed, silk
Molten bath is formed in workpiece surface moment to be processed after a large amount of laser energies of material absorption；
Step 5: moved by molten bath described in the path and speed control preestablished on the surface of workpiece to be processed, thus
Laser cladding layer is formed in workpiece surface to be processed.
Further silk material laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein in step 1, the silk material heating
Device is the AC or DC power that a voltage can be adjusted between 10V ~ 90V, and the first electrode connection of power supply is described wait locate
The second electrode of science and engineering part, power supply connects the ignition tip；The centre of the ignition tip has the through-hole knot passed through for silk material
Structure, and formed with silk material when silk material is passed through in electrical contact.
Further silk material laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein the ignition tip using fine copper material or
The production of person's Copper alloy material, is integrally formed by rear portion cylinder and front circular cone, and the top of front circular cone forms opening, and silk material is from rear
The inside of portion's cylinder is protruded into, and is stretched out through the top end opening of front circular cone；The workpiece to be processed is using laser melting coating skill
The workpiece that art is processed, the including but not limited to metal parts of progress surface preparation alloy clad carry out surface defect
The metal parts of repairing or the metalwork for carrying out increasing material manufacturing, the surface of workpiece are plane or curved surface.
Further silk material laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein laser beam described in step 2 with wait locate
Angle between science and engineering part normal to a surface required according to different melting and coating process it is adjustable within the scope of 0 ° ~ 15 °, the silk material with to
The angle handled between the normal of workpiece surface requires adjustable, the laser within the scope of 10 ° ~ 90 ° according to different melting and coating process
The contact point 0-2mm of silk material described in the Edge Distance of the focal beam spot of beam and workpiece surface to be processed, preferably 0.5-2mm.
Further silk material laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein the silk material and workpiece surface to be processed
Normal between silk material wire feed section of the angle between ignition tip and workpiece surface to be processed and workpiece surface to be processed method
The angle in the angle between line, silk material wire feed section between the ignition tip and workpiece surface to be processed and cladding direction is 0 ° ~
45°。
Further silk material laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein in step 3, the silk material heating dress
The output current value set is adjustable between 50A ~ 1000A, and the voltage value of the silk material heating device is adjustable between 10V ~ 90V, described
Silk material is pre-heated to 200 DEG C ~ 3000 DEG C by the silk material heating device.
Further silk material laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein in step 4, the laser output
The power of laser beam be 300W ~ 10000W, the focal beam spot diameter or maximum width of the laser beam are 2mm ~ 30mm, described
The power density of laser beam is 100W/mm2 ~ 2000W/mm2, and the central wavelength of the laser beam is in 500nm ~ 1100nm.
Further silk material laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein the silk material is that sectional dimension range exists
The metal wire material of 0.8mm ~ 20mm, the preferred silk material are the solid metal silk or powder that diameter is φ 1.0mm ~ φ 1.6mm
Core metal silk；The focal beam spot diameter of the laser beam is 0.1mm ~ 5mm bigger than the diameter of the silk material.
Further silk material laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein in step 5, the molten bath is wait locate
The movement speed for managing workpiece surface is 20mm/s ~ 200mm/s；The molten bath is straight line in the movement routine of workpiece surface to be processed
Path or spiral path；When the molten bath is when the movement routine of workpiece surface to be processed is spiral path, spiral path is taken
Connecing rate is 50-70%.
Further silk material laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein the laser beam of laser output
Power is 2000W, the laser cladding layer with a thickness of 0.8-1.2mm, laser melting coating efficiency is 0.20 ~ 0.40 ㎡/h, described
The minimum dilution rate of silk material laser cladding layer is 5%, heat affected area 0.3mm.
Following technical effect can at least be reached according to the technical solution of the present invention:
1) present invention characteristic directly proportional to laser energy absorption rate using metal material temperature, creative utilization silk material self-resistance
Initial electric heating is carried out to it, enters silk material before laser beam irradiation, temperature has risen to close to fusing point, therefore only needs
It wants lesser laser energy and shorter laser beam irradiation time that silk material can be made to melt and forms molten bath on the surface of the workpiece, from
And under same laser power within the unit time can fusing silk material as much as possible, obtain silk material cladding efficiency obviously
It is promoted.
2) scheme of the present invention enables to the cladding linear velocity of silk material to be mentioned while promoting cladding efficiency
Rise, thus reduce workpiece surface molten bath there are the time, can significantly reduce dilution rate and the heat affected area of silk material cladding,
Dilution rate is reduced to minimum 5% of the invention by the minimum 10% of existing silk material laser melting and coating technique, and heat affected area is by existing silk material
The minimum 0.8mm of laser melting and coating technique is reduced to minimum 0.3mm of the invention, greatly improves quality of cladding layer.
3) in conclusion the method for the invention is using the initial temperature for improving silk material and improves cladding linear velocity, thus
Expensive laser energy is saved, and improves laser melting coating linear velocity and utilization ratio of laser energy, makes the silk material laser melting coating of 2kW
Equipment makes its efficiency reach 0.2 ~ 0.4 ㎡/h in the case where cladding layer is with a thickness of 1mm, is existing silk material laser melting coating efficiency
2 ~ 5 times, the main property of specific existing silk material laser melting and coating technique and high efficiency silk material laser melting and coating technique of the present invention
It can compare as shown in the table:
。
4) therefore silk material laser melting and coating technique of the present invention can be widely used in metal parts surface and prepare modified cover
The purposes such as layer, surface defect reparation and metal increasing material manufacturing, with cladding is high-efficient, cladding is at low cost, cladding layer dilution rate
It is low, workpiece heat affected area is small and can realize the advantage of high-volume cladding.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the main equipment and operating procedure schematic diagram of silk material laser cladding method of the present invention.
The meaning of each appended drawing reference is as follows in figure:
1. workpiece, 2. cladding layers, 3. laser beams, 4. molten baths, 5. silk materials, 6. ignition tips, 7. silk material heating devices, 8. wire-feed motors.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, so that those skilled in the art can be more
The protection scope for adding and being clearly understood from the present invention, but be not intended to limit the present invention
The present invention proposes a kind of silk material laser cladding method, and the method specifically includes following key step:
Step 1: as shown in Fig. 1, introducing silk material heating device and ignition tip, and a pole of the silk material heating device is connected
The workpiece of processing is received, another pole connects ignition tip；
Wherein the silk material heating device is the AC or DC power that a voltage can be adjusted between 10V ~ 90V, power supply
First electrode connects workpiece 1 to be processed, and second electrode connects ignition tip 6, in order to facilitate the wiring of first electrode and workpiece 1,
Can directly the first electrode of silk material heating device 7 be connect with the lathe for clamping or placing workpiece 1 and (not show lathe in figure), because
Conductive connection between lathe and workpiece；
Wherein the preferred structure of ignition tip can be it is any can 5 direction of transfer of bridle material silk material guide structure, it is excellent
The centre of choosing has the through-hole structure that passes through for silk material, and forms with silk material when guiding silk material to pass through in electrical contact, and institute
The material for stating ignition tip 6 can be any conductive material, but preferential selection fine copper material or Copper alloy material；Further
The ignition tip is integrally formed by rear portion cylinder and front circular cone, and the top of front circular cone forms opening, silk material from
The inside of rear portion cylinder penetrates, and stretches out through the top end opening of front circular cone.
Wherein the workpiece 1 to be processed includes the metal parts of surface preparation alloy clad, carries out surface-defect repairing
Metal parts or carry out all kinds of workpiece being processed using laser melting and coating technique such as metalwork of increasing material manufacturing,
The surface of workpiece 1 can be plane and be also possible to curved surface；
Step 2: as shown in Fig. 1, by the front end of the silk material 5 from wire-feed motor 8 pass through the ignition tip 6 after with it is to be processed
Workpiece surface contact, and position and the angle of laser output laser beam 3 are adjusted, so that the output facula of laser beam 3 can focus
Near the contacting points position of silk material and workpiece surface to be processed, and make laser beam 3 and silk material 5 respectively with workpiece 1 to be processed
Surface is at an angle；
Wherein laser beam 3 and silk material 5 respectively with workpiece surface normal direction is at an angle acts on 1 table of workpiece simultaneously
Face, angle (namely laser beam and workpiece surface of the outbound course of laser beam 3 described further relative to workpiece surface normal
Angle between normal) according to the requirement of different melting and coating process adjustable, preferred laser beam and workpiece surface within the scope of 0 ° ~ 15 °
Angle between normal is between 0 ° ~ 10 °；Angle (namely silk material and workpiece of the silk material 5 relative to workpiece surface normal
Angle between surface normal) according to the requirement of different melting and coating process adjustable, preferred silk material 5 and workpiece within the scope of 10 ° ~ 90 °
Angle between surface normal is between 30 ° ~ 60 °；It is further preferred to control silk material 5 simultaneously and the angle in cladding direction is
0°~45°；Wherein the silk material 5 is preferably the silk between ignition tip and workpiece surface relative to the angle of workpiece surface normal
The angle of material wire feed section and workpiece surface normal, angle control preferably with simultaneously meet be it is best, each angle be by
The innovative technology achievement that can greatly improve laser melting coating efficiency that long-term innovation Test Summary obtains.
Step 3: opening silk material heating device 7, silk material 5 is electrically heated.Due to the first electrode of silk material heating device
Connect workpiece to be processed, second electrode connects ignition tip, therefore passes through after ignition tip contacts with workpiece in silk material, in silk material plus
Electricity is formed between the first electrode of thermal 7, workpiece to be processed, silk material and ignition tip and the second electrode of silk material heating device 7
Road is flowed back to, silk material is electrically heated by the electric current that silk material heating device provides, and can be by adjusting silk material heating device 7
Output current value (current value adjustment range is 50A ~ 1000A) and select voltage value (range of voltage values be 10V ~ 90V), controllably
Temperature of the silk material 5 of workpiece surface processed before the irradiation of laser beam 3, the heating and temperature control range of preferred silk material 5 are 200 DEG C
~3000℃.The principle of the silk material heating devices heat silk material is to contact to form current loop with workpiece due to silk material, entire electricity
The resistance value for flowing back to this section of silk material between ignition tip and workpiece surface in road is maximum, therefore generates a large amount of heat to heat silk material
Itself, can make the silk material of workpiece surface be heated to 200 DEG C ~ 3000 DEG C before receiving laser beam irradiation.
Step 4: open laser so that laser generate laser beam 3 focal beam spot be located at heated silk material with to
Near the contact point for handling workpiece surface, the preferred contact point for controlling silk material and workpiece apart from laser beam spot edge 0-2mm,
Molten bath is formed in workpiece surface facula position moment after a large amount of laser energy of silk material absorption.
The power for the laser beam 3 that wherein laser generates is that 300w ~ 10000w is optional, especially can be this field
Low power laser, laser beam output facula size is optional in 2mm ~ 30mm, and the power density of laser beam is preferably 100W/
The output wavelength of mm2 ~ 2000W/mm2, laser beam are optional in 500nm ~ 1100nm, and above-mentioned each parameter of laser beam 3 is according to specific
Cladding selected；
Wherein the silk material is preferably metal wire material, and material uses metal material, cross sectional shape can be it is round can also be with
It is rectangle and other shapes, metal wire material sectional dimension (diameter or maximum width) range is 0.8mm ~ 20mm, preferred described
Silk material is the solid metal silk or powder core wire of diameter phi 1.0mm ~ φ 1.6mm.The silk material is wound in the wire-feed motor 8
On.
The focused spot size for wherein preferably controlling the laser beam 3 is 0.1mm ~ 5mm bigger than the diameter of silk material 5, preferably
Control silk material and edge of the contact point apart from laser beam focus hot spot of workpiece be 0.5-2mm, more preferably 1-1.5mm,
It can reach ideal cladding effect.
Step 5: moved by the path and speed control wire feed molten bath preestablished on the surface of workpiece to be processed,
To form the laser cladding layer of metal wire material in workpiece surface, silk material is realized in the high efficiency laser melting coating of workpiece surface；
Wherein the molten bath is 20mm/s ~ 200mm/s in the movement speed (i.e. cladding linear velocity) of workpiece surface, can pass through fixation
The hot spot focal position of laser beam 3 and travelling workpiece move laser and wire feeder by fixed workpiece to realize
Molten bath is stated in the movement of workpiece surface.
Wherein the molten bath is straight line path or spiral path in the movement routine of workpiece surface, when for spiral path
When, spiral path overlapping rate is in 50% or more, preferably 50-70%, more preferably 65%.
The resistance heat heating silk material that the present invention innovated generate when passing through silk material using electric current, makes silk material enter laser beam photograph
Before penetrating, initial temperature can reach 200 DEG C ~ 3000 DEG C, this receives laser compared to silk material in existing silk material laser melting and coating technique
The case where initial temperature is less than 50 DEG C before beam irradiates, the initial temperature before greatly improving silk material cladding, so that laser beam
Only needing to irradiate silk material within the very short time can be such that it melts and form molten bath, therefore cladding linear velocity can be made to mention significantly
Height can be improved by 5 ~ 15mm/s of existing silk material laser melting coating to 20 ~ 200mm/s of the invention, and then keep cladding efficiency whole
It is largely increased, by taking 2kW laser cladding 1mm thickness cladding layer as an example, cladding efficiency is improved by original 0.06-0.08 ㎡/h
To 0.2 ~ 0.4 ㎡ of the invention/h.And due to molten bath laser reflectivity with higher, the raising of cladding linear velocity can make to swash
The time that light beam irradiates molten bath is reduced, so that the utilization rate of laser energy can be improved, solves common silk material laser melting coating linear speed
The shortcomings that spending low, utilization ratio of laser energy, cladding low efficiency；Furthermore it also decreases, has to the demanded power output of laser
Effect has saved equipment cost.
Embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
1, the present embodiment is the surface laser cladding of coal mine hydraulic supporting cylinder piston rod (claiming piston rod afterwards), and piston rod is straight
Diameter 70mm, cladding zone length 1000mm, material 27SiMn；
2, in the present embodiment piston rod high efficiency metallic silk material laser melting coating scheme using Laserline company, Germany 4kW
Semiconductor optical fibre output laser, adjusting laser beam in the spot size that piston rod surface is formed is φ 3mm, and optical maser wavelength is
1064nm；
3, selecting material is the metal wire material of the solid stainless steel of 316L, and silk material cross sectional shape is circle, and diameter is φ 1.2mm；
4, selecting ignition tip is red copper material, and silk material is passed through from the centre bore of ignition tip, center-hole diameter 1.21mm；
5, silk material heating device uses 30V DC power supply in the present embodiment, and the anode of power supply connects ignition tip, and cathode is taken over a job stopper rod,
The voltage of power supply is adjusted to 20V；
6, laser beam is adjusted, 0 ° of angle between laser beam and the outer round surface normal of piston rod is made.Adjust the position of ignition tip
It sets and direction, makes 40 ° of angle between silk material and laser beam, the contact point of silk material and workpiece is apart from hot spot edge 1mm；
7, start silk material heating device, start laser, specific silk material melting and coating process state modulator after preheating to silk material are as follows: swash
Optical power 2Kw, wire feed rate 5mm/s, silk material heating device electric current 150A, silk material initial heating temperature are 800 ± 30 DEG C, cladding
Linear velocity 60mm/s, cladding path are spiral cladding from left to right, spiral path overlap joint 65%；
8, the piston rod surface silk material laser melting coating is completed after cladding carries out 60min.
Scheme through this embodiment, for the cladding layer obtained on the piston rod with a thickness of 0.9mm, cladding efficiency is 0.216
㎡/h is 2.7 ~ 3.6 times of traditional silk material laser melting coating, by cladding layer composition measurement and sampling observation microstructure, is measured
Cladding layer dilution rate is 6%, heat affected area 0.4mm.And obtained cladding layer is smooth, smooth, and cladding layer inside solid is intact
It falls into, cladding layer is well combined with matrix, fully meets the requirement of oil cylinder of hydraulic support piston rod surface laser melting coating.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, technical solution of the present invention is not limited to
This, those skilled in the art's made any known deformation on the basis of major technique design of the invention belongs to the present invention
Claimed technology scope, the specific protection scope of the present invention are subject to the record of claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of silk material laser cladding method, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: introducing silk material heating device and ignition tip, and the first electrode of the silk material heating device is connected to wait locate
The second electrode of the silk material heating device is connected to the ignition tip by science and engineering part；
Step 2: the front end of silk material is contacted after the ignition tip with the surface of workpiece to be processed, and it is defeated to adjust laser
The position of laser beam and angle out, so that the focal beam spot of laser beam is located at the contacting points position of silk material and workpiece surface to be processed
Near, and keep laser beam and silk material at an angle with the surface of workpiece to be processed respectively；
Step 3: opening silk material heating device, silk material is pre-heated to certain temperature；
Step 4: opening laser, the laser beam focus that laser generates is in the silk material contacted with workpiece surface to be processed, silk
Molten bath is formed in workpiece surface moment to be processed after a large amount of laser energies of material absorption；
Step 5: moved by molten bath described in the path and speed control preestablished on the surface of workpiece to be processed, thus
Laser cladding layer is formed in workpiece surface to be processed.
2. silk material laser cladding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein in step 1, the silk material
Heating device is the AC or DC power that can adjust between 10V ~ 90V of a voltage, described in the first electrode connection of power supply
The second electrode of workpiece to be processed, power supply connects the ignition tip；The centre of the ignition tip has to be led to for what silk material passed through
Pore structure, and formed with silk material when silk material is passed through in electrical contact.
3. silk material laser cladding method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the ignition tip using fine copper material or
The production of person's Copper alloy material, is integrally formed by rear portion cylinder and front circular cone, and the top of front circular cone forms opening, and silk material is from rear
The inside of portion's cylinder is protruded into, and is stretched out through the top end opening of front circular cone；The workpiece to be processed is using laser melting coating skill
The workpiece that art is processed, the including but not limited to metal parts of progress surface preparation alloy clad carry out surface defect
The metal parts of repairing or the metalwork for carrying out increasing material manufacturing, the surface of workpiece are plane or curved surface.
4. silk material laser cladding method according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that wherein described in step 2
Angle between laser beam and the normal of workpiece surface to be processed is adjustable within the scope of 0 ° ~ 15 ° according to the requirement of different melting and coating process,
Angle between the silk material and the normal of workpiece surface to be processed can within the scope of 10 ° ~ 90 ° according to the requirement of different melting and coating process
It adjusts, the contact point 0-10mm of silk material and workpiece surface to be processed described in the Edge Distance of the focal beam spot of the laser beam, preferably
It is 0.5-2mm.
5. silk material laser cladding method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the wherein silk material and workpiece to be processed
Silk material wire feed section of the angle between ignition tip and workpiece surface to be processed and workpiece surface to be processed between normal to a surface
Normal between angle, the angle of silk material wire feed section and cladding direction between the ignition tip and workpiece surface to be processed is
0°~45°。
6. silk material laser cladding method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that wherein in step 3, institute
The output current value for stating silk material heating device is adjustable between 50A ~ 1000A, and the voltage value of the silk material heating device is in 10V ~ 90V
Between it is adjustable, the silk material is pre-heated to 200 DEG C ~ 3000 DEG C by the silk material heating device.
7. silk material laser cladding method according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that wherein in step 4, institute
The power for stating the laser beam of laser output is 300W ~ 10000W, and the focal beam spot diameter or maximum width of the laser beam are
The power density of 2mm ~ 30mm, the laser beam are 100W/mm2 ~ 2000W/mm2, and the central wavelength of the laser beam is in
500nm~1100nm。
8. silk material laser cladding method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that wherein the silk material is sectional dimension model
Be trapped among the metal wire material of 0.8mm ~ 20mm, the preferred silk material be the solid metal silk that diameter is φ 1.0mm ~ φ 1.6mm or
Person's powder core wire；The focal beam spot diameter of the laser beam is 0.1mm ~ 5mm bigger than the diameter of the silk material.
9. silk material laser cladding method according to claim 1-8, which is characterized in that wherein in step 5, institute
It is 20mm/s ~ 200mm/s that molten bath, which is stated, in the movement speed of workpiece surface to be processed；Shifting of the molten bath in workpiece surface to be processed
Dynamic path is straight line path or spiral path；When the molten bath is spiral path in the movement routine of workpiece surface to be processed
When, spiral path overlapping rate is 50-70%.
10. -9 described in any item silk material laser cladding methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser output
The power of laser beam be 2000W, the laser cladding layer with a thickness of 0.8-1.2mm, laser melting coating efficiency is 0.20 ~ 0.40
㎡/h, the minimum dilution rate of the silk material laser cladding layer are 5%, heat affected area 0.3mm.
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| CN113249723A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-13 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | CMT arc surface cladding method based on database system |
| CN113913818A (en) * | 2021-12-04 | 2022-01-11 | 苏州工业职业技术学院 | Laser cladding system and method thereof |
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| CN110129793B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-09-07 | 陕西天元智能再制造股份有限公司 | Wire laser cladding device |
| CN110453215A (en) * | 2019-09-01 | 2019-11-15 | 陕西天元智能再制造股份有限公司 | A kind of bimetallic silk material laser melting coating system and method |
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| CN112743245A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-04 | 兰州理工大学 | Laser coaxial powder feeding and hot wire coupling welding device and method |
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| CN114734138A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-12 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Method for enhancing laser energy absorption efficiency of spatial additive manufacturing wire |
| CN114875402A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-09 | 南京辉锐光电科技有限公司 | Babbitt metal laser cladding processing method and laser cladding part |
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