CN111910183A - High-speed wire laser cladding device and cladding method - Google Patents
High-speed wire laser cladding device and cladding method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111910183A CN111910183A CN202010700553.3A CN202010700553A CN111910183A CN 111910183 A CN111910183 A CN 111910183A CN 202010700553 A CN202010700553 A CN 202010700553A CN 111910183 A CN111910183 A CN 111910183A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- laser
- workpiece
- molten pool
- preheating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
Abstract
The invention provides a high-speed wire laser cladding device and a cladding method, the device comprises a cladding lathe bed (1), a laser head (4), a wire heating power supply (6), a wire feeding nozzle (8) and a wire feeding disc (10), the wire heating power supply (6) preheats wires between the wire feeding nozzle (8) and a workpiece (2) to form a preheating wire section, the front end of the preheating wire section is contacted with the surface of the workpiece, a laser beam (5) provided by the laser head (4) is focused near the contact point position of the preheating wire section and the surface of the workpiece, a molten pool is formed on the front side of the contact point of the preheating wire section and the surface of the workpiece, a laser cladding layer is formed by moving the molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, and the preheating wire section is positioned between an output light path of the laser beam and the laser cladding layer. The invention enables the utilization rate of laser, the utilization rate of hot wire and the utilization rate of heat of the molten pool to be exerted to the maximum by innovatively arranging the relative positions of the wire material, the laser beam and the molten pool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of advanced manufacturing, and particularly relates to a high-speed wire laser cladding device and a cladding method using metal wires.
Background
The laser cladding technology is an advanced surface forming manufacturing technology, has been widely applied through recent development, and is particularly widely applied to solutions for replacing electroplating and remanufacturing repair of the surfaces of shaft parts, such as laser cladding remanufacturing repair of hydraulic support cylinders and piston rods, laser cladding remanufacturing repair of shaft parts in steel mills and the like.
The laser cladding technology can be divided into two types according to different types of materials, wherein one type is a powder laser cladding technology, and the other type is a wire laser cladding technology. Among them, the powder laser cladding technology is well established and has been widely used in various industries. The wire laser cladding technology is researched on the basic performance and parameters of cladding in various universities, but is not applied in batch.
The existing various wire laser cladding processes have lower cladding speed and wire feeding speed, so the integral cladding efficiency is lower. Wherein the invention patent of the Beijing university of industry Shoronshi application No. 201810047415.2 proposes that the common cladding speed is 1.5m/min, namely 25mm/s, and the common wire feeding speed is 4m/min, namely 67 mm/s. In the analysis of the welding wire melting-in behavior of the scanning laser-hot wire welding process published in the material development and application by Li Zhi (the seventh second fifth research institute of China ship re-engineering group Co., Ltd.), the adopted welding speed is 0.75m/min, namely 16.5 mm/s. The wire feed speed was 20mm/s and the scan speed was 4mm/s among the process parameters used by Nanchang university in the invention patent application with application number 201811490891.8. The scanning speed is 5.0-11.0mm/s and the wire feeding speed is 1.0-3.0m/min, namely 16-50mm/s, in the process parameters adopted by "analysis and control of laser hot wire welding surface repair forming quality" published by "Wenpeng et al at 5 months 2015 at Qinghua university. In the invention patent application 2018115687096 of Shaanxi Tianyuan Intelligent remanufacturing Co., Ltd in the early stage, the wire laser cladding process for slender shaft workpieces adopts the cladding speed of 20-80mm/s and the wire feeding speed of 20-100 mm/s. The wire laser cladding technology mentioned in the above patents and articles has low cladding speed and efficiency.
The laser cladding technology principle of the existing wire is shown in the attached drawing 1, the preheated wire is directly fed into a molten pool along one side of the surface of an unfelted base material, a cladding head moves towards the back of the wire feeding direction (namely the wire feeding direction is opposite to the moving direction of the cladding head), namely the wire feeding is carried out along the front side of the molten pool, as shown in the attached drawing 1, a laser beam irradiates the surface of the wire on the front side of the molten pool before irradiating the molten pool, only part of the laser penetrating through the wire and part of the laser bypassing the wire are used for heating a base material, and the wire is molten by the irradiation of the laser beam after being fed to the spot position on the surface of the base material. According to practical evaluation, more than 70% of laser energy is blocked and absorbed by the surface of the wire on the front side of the molten pool, about 15% of laser energy penetrates through the wire and heats the parent metal to form the molten pool, and about 15% of laser energy continuously heats the formed molten pool to form a cladding process. In the existing cladding process, most of laser is used for heating wires before reaching a molten pool, and the wires have a certain shielding effect on the laser at the same time, so that most of laser energy irradiates the surface of the wires before entering the molten pool, although the pre-preheated wires can easily reach a molten state by the part of laser energy, the wires can be rapidly dissipated before entering the molten pool, and only less than 30% of laser energy heats base materials below the wires, so that the laser energy incident on the molten pool is greatly reduced by the existing wire feeding cladding mode, the molten pool is extremely unstable or continuous cladding layers are difficult to form under the condition of higher cladding speed, the molten wires are coated on the surface of a workpiece in a droplet mode to form discontinuous cladding layers, and the laser cladding efficiency and the cladding speed are reduced integrally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a brand-new high-speed wire laser cladding device and a cladding method, which are innovated from the basic principle of wire laser cladding, change the existing wire laser cladding mode and method, and innovate the relative positions of a wire, a laser beam and a molten pool, so that the utilization rate of laser, the utilization rate of a hot wire and the utilization rate of heat of the molten pool are exerted to the maximum, thereby realizing the doubling of the wire laser cladding speed and really realizing the high-speed wire laser cladding. The dilution rate of the metal of the lower cladding layer is reduced by more than 50% compared with the existing cladding process, and tests prove that the surface quality of the cladding layer is smoother, the internal structure of the cladding layer is compact and has no defects, and the efficiency and the quality of the wire laser cladding are greatly improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a high-speed wire laser cladding device, comprising: the laser cladding device comprises a cladding lathe bed 1, a laser head 4, a wire heating power supply 6, a wire feeding nozzle 8 and a wire feeding disc 10, wherein a workpiece 2 to be clad is clamped on the cladding lathe bed 1, the wire heating power supply 6 is respectively electrically connected with the cladding lathe bed 1 and the wire feeding nozzle 8 through leads, the workpiece 2 is electrically contacted with the cladding lathe bed 1, the wire feeding disc 10 provides wire output, the provided wire penetrates through the wire feeding nozzle 8 and then extends to the surface of the workpiece 2, the wire heating power supply 6 preheats the wire between the wire feeding nozzle 8 and the workpiece 2 to form a preheated wire section, the front end of the preheated wire section is contacted with the surface of the workpiece, a laser beam 5 provided by the laser head 4 is focused near the contact point position of the preheated wire section and the surface of the workpiece, a molten pool is formed on the front side of the contact point of the preheated wire section and the surface of the workpiece, and the laser, and the preheating wire material section is positioned between the output light path of the laser beam and the laser cladding layer formed on the surface of the workpiece.
Further, according to the high-speed wire laser cladding device provided by the invention, an included angle between the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer is an acute angle, and an included angle between the preheating wire section and the laser beam is an acute angle.
Further, according to the high-speed wire laser cladding device provided by the invention, the workpiece is a flat workpiece, the laser cladding layer formed on the surface of the workpiece is a plane layer, the included angle between the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer is an acute angle, the vertex of the included angle is a contact point of the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer, one side of the included angle is the preheating wire section, and the other side of the included angle is the laser cladding layer.
Further, according to the high-speed wire laser cladding device provided by the invention, the workpiece is a cylindrical workpiece, the laser cladding layer formed on the surface of the workpiece is an arc layer, the included angle between the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer is an acute angle, the vertex of the included angle is the contact point of the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer, one side of the included angle is the preheating wire section, the other side of the included angle is the tangent line of the laser cladding layer, the tangent point is the contact point of the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer, and the tangent line extends towards one side of the laser cladding layer.
Further, the high-speed wire laser cladding device according to the invention, wherein the included angle is between 15 ° and 70 °, preferably between 30 ° and 60 °.
Further, according to the high-speed wire laser cladding device provided by the invention, the wire feeding direction of the preheating wire section is the same as the laser cladding direction, wherein the wire feeding direction of the preheating wire section is the wire conveying direction of the preheating wire section along the surface of the workpiece, and the laser cladding direction is the moving direction of the molten pool on the surface of the workpiece.
Further, according to the high-speed wire laser cladding device of the invention, the laser energy of the laser beam output by the laser head acts on the molten pool and the parent metal of the workpiece on the front side of the molten pool simultaneously, and the preheating wire segment does not block the laser beam.
Further, according to the high-speed wire laser cladding device provided by the invention, more than 70% of laser energy output by the laser head 4 in a laser beam acts on the molten pool, about 20% of laser energy acts on a workpiece parent metal on the front side of the molten pool, a preheated wire section is directly conveyed to the junction of the molten pool and a laser beam focusing spot after being subjected to resistance heating, and is melted through heat conduction of the molten pool, the wire feeding speed of the preheated wire section is 50-200mm/s, and the laser cladding linear speed is 50-200 mm/s.
A high-speed wire laser cladding method comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a laser head above the surface of a workpiece to be clad, wherein a laser beam projected by the laser head forms a focusing spot on the surface of the workpiece;
secondly, preheating the wire by a wire heating power supply to form a preheating wire section and conveying the preheating wire section to the surface of the workpiece, adjusting a focusing spot of a laser beam to be positioned near a contact point of the preheating wire section and the surface of the workpiece, and forming a molten pool on the front side of the contact point of the preheating wire section and the surface of the workpiece;
step three, after a molten pool is formed on the surface of the workpiece, the laser head is properly lifted relative to the surface of the workpiece, and the feeding position of the preheating wire section is adjusted to the interface of the laser beam and the molten pool, so that the front end of the preheating wire section is directly fed to the surface of the formed molten pool without contacting with the parent metal of the workpiece, the laser head outputs laser energy to act on the molten pool and the parent metal of the workpiece positioned on the front side of the molten pool simultaneously, and the preheating wire section cannot block the laser beam;
and fourthly, moving the molten pool on the surface of the workpiece to form a laser cladding layer, and controlling the preheating wire section to be positioned between an output light path of the laser beam and the laser cladding layer formed on the surface of the workpiece, so that the wire feeding direction of the preheating wire section is the same as the laser cladding direction, wherein the wire feeding direction of the preheating wire section is the wire conveying direction of the preheating wire section along the surface of the workpiece, and the laser cladding direction is the moving direction of the molten pool on the surface of the workpiece.
The high-speed wire laser cladding method is further characterized in that in the first step, a laser beam projected by the laser head forms an angle of 90 degrees +/-20 degrees with the surface of the workpiece; in the second step, the edge distance of the focusing light spot of the laser beam is 0-10mm from the contact point of the preheating wire material section and the surface of the workpiece; in the third step, the laser head is lifted by 1-5mm relative to the surface of the workpiece, 70% of the laser energy output by the laser head acts on the molten pool, 20% of the laser energy output acts on the workpiece parent metal on the front side of the molten pool, and the wire feeding speed of the preheating wire material section is 50-200 mm/s; in the fourth step, an included angle of 15-70 degrees is formed between the preheating wire material section and the laser cladding layer, and the component dilution rate of the formed laser cladding layer is reduced to be within 5%.
The technical scheme of the invention can at least achieve the following innovative technical effects:
the high-speed wire laser cladding device and the cladding method of the invention creatively set the wire feeding direction and the cladding direction, so that the laser can not directly act on the wire in the middle cladding process, the laser can act on the heated wire only in the initial cladding stage, the wire is melted and cladded on the surface of the base material, cladding is carried out along the same direction of the wire feeding direction, the wire is always positioned behind the molten pool along the cladding direction, thus about 70 percent of laser energy is mainly acted on the molten pool after the molten pool is formed, about 20% of energy is applied to the parent metal in front of the molten pool to heat the parent metal, the wire is sent to the junction of the molten pool and the light spot after being heated by resistance, the wire is further heated to melt by thermal conduction through the melt pool and very little laser energy (about 5-10%), forming a melt pool by movement of the cladding head or relative movement of the workpiece. Through the innovative design and layout of the invention, the laser is mainly used for heating the formed molten pool and the parent metal, the temperature of the molten pool and the heating efficiency are improved, the wire is directly fed into the molten pool after being heated by the resistance, the heated wire is further melted by the heat of the molten pool and a very small amount of laser energy, and a new molten pool is formed. The laser in the invention is mainly used for heating the molten pool and the base metal, the newly formed molten pool can quickly generate metallurgical reaction with the base metal due to the advanced heating of the base metal by the laser, a cladding layer with metallurgical bonding characteristics is formed, and the laser energy mainly acts on the molten pool, thereby ensuring the complete metallurgical reaction of the molten pool. The position arrangement of the wire entering the molten pool reduces the direct contact between the wire and the base material, greatly reduces the stirring effect of the wire on the base material in the wire feeding process, and ensures that the dilution rate of the cladding layer is extremely low. The reasonable utilization of laser energy, molten pool heat and wire hot wire can improve the cladding speed and efficiency by times. The invention improves the cladding efficiency of the wire after laser cladding by times compared with the prior art, and the cladding quality is more stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wire laser cladding principle in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the high-speed wire laser cladding device provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the high-speed wire laser cladding method provided by the invention;
the meanings of the reference symbols in the figures are as follows:
1-cladding lathe bed, 2-workpiece, 3-molten pool, 4-laser head, 5-laser beam, 6-wire heating power supply, 7-cladding layer, 8-wire feeding nozzle, 9-wire and 10-wire feeding disc.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a novel wire laser cladding device and a novel wire laser cladding method, and solves the problems of high dilution rate and low cladding speed of the conventional wire laser cladding technology. The invention discloses a wire laser cladding processing method, which comprises the following steps: the method has the advantages that the method is innovative and adopts various heating modes to heat the wires for cladding, the wires are preheated by adopting resistance heating when entering a molten pool, more importantly, the wire feeding direction and the cladding direction are set by innovation, so that the wires which are preheated by the resistance and inserted into the molten pool are quickly melted by utilizing the heat conduction function of the molten pool and a very small amount of laser energy, and meanwhile, the shielding effect of the wires on laser when the wires are directly heated by the laser is effectively avoided; the relative position of the wire feeding direction and the cladding direction in the laser cladding of the common wire is innovatively changed, the effective utilization of laser energy and molten pool heat and the effective preheating of the base metal are realized, the stirring effect of the wire on the base metal is effectively avoided while the bonding performance of the cladding layer is enhanced, and the dilution rate of the cladding layer is greatly reduced. The method of the invention promotes the application of the laser cladding technology in the aspects of high-speed cladding and extremely low dilution rate requirement, and has wide popularization and application prospect.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the high-speed wire laser cladding device provided by the invention comprises: the laser cladding device comprises a cladding lathe bed 1, a laser head 4, a wire heating power supply 6, a wire feeding nozzle 8 and a wire feeding disc 10, wherein the cladding lathe bed 1 is used for clamping a workpiece 2 and controlling the rotation motion of the workpiece 2, the wire heating power supply 6 is respectively and electrically connected with the cladding lathe bed 1 and the wire feeding nozzle 8 through leads, the workpiece 2 is in direct contact (electrical contact) with the cladding lathe bed 1, the wire feeding disc 10 provides wire output, the wire heating power supply 6, the wire feeding nozzle 8, a wire 9 between the wire feeding nozzle 8 and the workpiece 2, the cladding lathe bed 1 and the wire heating power supply 6 form a loop, a wire resistor is used for preheating the wire between the wire feeding nozzle 8 and the workpiece 2, the workpiece 2 comprises a molten pool 3 and a cladding layer 7, the laser head 4 generates a laser beam 5 and irradiates the substrate surfaces of the molten pool 3 and the workpiece 2 after light path transmission, the wire wound around the wire feeding disk 10 is passed through the wire feeding nozzle 8 and projected to the boundary position between the laser beam 5 and the molten pool 3, and the workpiece 2 is rotated in the direction opposite to the wire feeding direction to form the molten pool 3 on the front side in the wire feeding direction.
In order to further more specifically explain the technical process principle of the invention, the accompanying figure 3 is adopted for further explanation, and the high-speed wire laser cladding principle of the invention is as follows: the projection position of a laser beam 5 generated by the laser head 4 is positioned on the surfaces of the molten pool 3 and the workpiece 2, the wire 9 passes through the wire feeding nozzle 8 and is preheated and then is sent to the joint of the laser beam 5 and the molten pool 3, the whole cladding head moves to the front of the wire feeding direction, and a cladding layer 7 is formed behind the wire feeding direction. The process innovation of the invention is as follows: (1) the wire feeding direction is the same as the cladding direction, the cladding direction is the advancing direction of the cladding layer, namely the moving direction of the laser cladding head relative to the surface of the workpiece, and the wire feeding direction is the output direction of the wire from the wire feeding disc; if the laser head is fixed, the wire feeding direction is opposite to the moving or rotating direction of the workpiece; (2) a molten pool is formed on the front side in the wire feeding direction, the laser energy of a laser beam is more than 70% acted on the molten pool, about 20% of the laser energy is acted on a base material in front of the molten pool, the wire is sent to the junction of the molten pool and a light spot after being heated through resistance, the wire is further heated to be molten through the heat conduction of the molten pool and a very small amount of laser energy, and the base material in front of the molten pool is preheated by 20% of the laser energy, so that the wire can be quickly formed into a new molten pool when being cladded and moved towards the front of the molten pool. The molten pool is a melting and cladding point of the wire material on the surface of the workpiece parent metal; (3) in the invention, the optical axis direction of the control laser beam is arranged at 90 +/-20 degrees with the surface of the workpiece, the preheating wire material section is positioned between the laser cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece and the laser beam light path, the preheating wire section is a wire section which is preheated between the wire feeding mouth 8 and the surface of the workpiece 2 in a resistance heating mode, and an acute angle is formed between the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer (the vertex of the included angle is the contact point of the wire on the surface of the cladding layer, and the two sides of the included angle are the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer), if the laser cladding layer is an arc layer, an acute angle is formed between the preheating wire material section and a surface tangent line of the laser cladding head extending from a wire material contact point along the direction of the laser cladding layer, the sum of the further preferable included angle between the preheating wire material section and the laser cladding layer and the included angle between the preheating wire material section and the optical axis direction of the laser beam is 90 degrees +/-20 degrees, and the preferable 90 degrees is a complementary right-angle relationship. It is further preferred that the angle between the pre-heat wire segment and the laser cladding layer is between 15 ° and 70 °, even more preferred between 30 ° and 60 °.
The invention effectively uses the laser energy to heat the molten pool and the parent metal part of the workpiece by adopting the cladding method, the wire directly enters the molten pool after being preheated by the resistor, the heated wire is further melted by utilizing the heat of the molten pool and the laser energy of a very small part, the continuous heating of the molten pool by the laser ensures the continuous metallurgical reaction of the metal of the molten pool, and the flat cladding layer surface is formed. The cladding method of the invention avoids the shielding effect of the wire on the parent metal below the wire caused by the direct heating of the wire by the laser beam in the conventional wire laser cladding method shown in the attached figure 1, reduces the cladding defects, and the wire is directly fed into the molten pool and then is melted in the feeding process of the wire, has a certain stirring effect on the surface of the molten pool, greatly reduces the stirring effect of the wire on the melted parent metal, thereby greatly reducing the dilution rate of the cladding layer.
The high-speed wire laser cladding method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging a laser beam 5 projected by a laser head, a wire 9 and the surface of a workpiece 2 at a certain angle, and enabling the wire feeding direction of the wire to be consistent with the moving direction of a laser cladding head relative to the surface of the workpiece.
Secondly, when the cladding is started, the wire 9 penetrates through the wire feed nozzle 8, the wire 9 which penetrates through the wire feed nozzle and reaches the surface of the workpiece is preheated through the hot wire power supply 6 to serve as a preheated wire section, the preheated wire 9 heats the wire to a molten state through the irradiation of laser beams, and a molten pool is formed on the surface of the workpiece;
step three, after a molten pool is formed on the surface of the workpiece, the position of the cladding head is integrally lifted by 1-2mm, so that the feeding position of the wire 9 is the interface of the laser beam 5 and the molten pool 3, namely the wire is directly fed to the surface of the formed molten pool, and the wire is prevented from being directly fed to a parent metal part;
and step four, feeding the wire 9 continuously, keeping the wire feeding direction consistent with the moving direction of the laser cladding head relative to the surface of the workpiece to push the wire to be fed forward when the workpiece is fixed, and keeping the wire feeding direction opposite to the moving direction or the rotating direction of the workpiece when the laser cladding head is fixed to form a cladding layer 7 on the surface of the workpiece 2.
Further, according to the high-speed wire laser cladding method, in the first step, the laser beam and the surface of the workpiece are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees +/-20 degrees, and the preheating wire section 9 and the laser cladding layer (or the laser beam 5) formed on the surface of the workpiece are arranged at an angle of 15-70 degrees; in the second step, the wire is preheated in a resistance heating mode in the wire feeding nozzle, the heating voltage is less than or equal to 5V, and the heating current is 50-400A; in the third step, the wire feeding speed is 50-200 mm/s; in the fourth step, the linear speed of the workpiece is 50-200mm/s when the workpiece rotates, and the rotating direction of the workpiece is opposite to the wire feeding direction.
The laser cladding method of the invention controls cladding technological parameters in the laser cladding process as follows: the wire feeding speed of laser cladding is 50-200mm/s, the cladding linear speed is 50-200mm/s, the laser output power is 1000-.
The technical scheme of the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention aims to improve the effective utilization of laser energy, changes the positions of a laser beam, a molten pool and a wire feeding direction, ensures that the laser energy is mainly used for heating the molten pool and a parent metal, heats and melts wires by using resistance heat and the heat of the molten pool, greatly improves the utilization rate of the laser energy, effectively utilizes the heat of the molten pool to melt the wires, promotes the heating and melting efficiency of the molten pool, the parent metal and the wires in the whole cladding process, and can effectively improve the cladding efficiency2H, lifting to 40dm2H is toOn the upper part
2) In order to reduce the dilution rate of chemical components on the surface of a laser cladding layer and change the cladding direction, the heated wire is directly fed to the surface of a formed molten pool, the wire is prevented from being directly fed to a parent metal part, the stirring of the wire to the molten parent metal is reduced, the transition of chemical elements of the parent metal to a cladding layer is reduced, the dilution rate of the cladding layer is reduced, and the dilution rate of the components of the cladding layer after the method is adopted can be reduced to be within 5% compared with the original 5% -15%;
the invention reduces the heat influence of laser cladding on the workpiece, changes the action range and position of laser energy and molten pool heat, thereby reducing the direct heating action of the energy on the workpiece, and the energy is mainly used for heating the molten pool and wires, thereby reducing the heat input to the parent metal and further reducing the deformation of the workpiece caused by thermal stress in the cladding process.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any known modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the main technical idea of the present invention belong to the technical scope of the present invention, and the specific protection scope of the present invention is subject to the description of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high-speed wire laser cladding device is characterized by comprising: cladding lathe bed (1), laser head (4), silk material heating power supply (6), send a mouth (8) and send a wire dish (10), wait to clad work piece (2) dress clamp in cladding on the lathe bed (1), silk material heating power supply (6) pass through wire electric connection with cladding lathe bed (1) and send a mouth (8) respectively, work piece (2) and cladding lathe bed (1) electric contact, send a wire dish (10) to provide silk material output, and the silk material that provides stretches out to the surface of work piece (2) after passing and send a mouth (8), silk material heating power supply (6) preheats the silk material between sending a mouth (8) and work piece (2) and forms and preheats the silk material section, preheat the front end and the surface contact of work piece of silk material section, laser beam (5) that laser head (4) provided focuses on and preheats near silk material section and work piece surface contact point position, and a molten pool is formed on the front side of the contact point of the preheating wire section and the surface of the workpiece, the laser cladding layer is formed by moving the molten pool on the surface of the workpiece, and the preheating wire section is positioned between the output light path of the laser beam and the laser cladding layer formed on the surface of the workpiece.
2. The high-speed wire laser cladding device of claim 1, wherein an angle between the pre-heating wire section and the laser cladding layer is an acute angle, and an angle between the pre-heating wire section and the laser beam is an acute angle.
3. The high-speed wire laser cladding device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the workpiece is a flat workpiece, the laser cladding layer formed on the surface of the workpiece is a planar layer, the included angle between the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer is an acute angle, the vertex of the included angle is the contact point of the preheating wire section and the laser cladding layer, one side of the included angle is the preheating wire section, and the other side of the included angle is the laser cladding layer.
4. The high-speed wire laser cladding device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the workpiece is a cylindrical workpiece, the laser cladding layer formed on the surface of the workpiece is an arc layer, the included angle between the preheated wire section and the laser cladding layer is an acute angle, wherein the vertex of the included angle is a contact point of the preheated wire section and the laser cladding layer, one side of the included angle is the preheated wire section, the other side of the included angle is a tangent line of the laser cladding layer, and the tangent point is a contact point of the preheated wire section and the laser cladding layer, and the tangent line extends towards one side of the laser cladding layer.
5. The high-speed wire laser cladding apparatus of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the included angle is between 15 ° and 70 °, preferably between 30 ° and 60 °.
6. The high-speed wire laser cladding device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the wire feeding direction of the preheating wire section is the same as the laser cladding direction, wherein the wire feeding direction of the preheating wire section is the wire conveying direction of the preheating wire section along the workpiece surface, and the laser cladding direction is the moving direction of the molten pool on the workpiece surface.
7. The high-speed wire laser cladding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein laser energy of said laser head output laser beam is simultaneously applied to said molten pool and a parent material of a workpiece located in front of the molten pool, and said pre-heated wire segment does not cause obstruction to the laser beam.
8. The high-speed wire laser cladding device according to claim 7, wherein more than 70% of laser energy of the laser beam output by the laser head (4) acts on the molten pool, about 20% of laser energy acts on the workpiece parent metal at the front side of the molten pool, the preheated wire segment is directly sent to the junction of the molten pool and a laser beam focusing spot after being subjected to resistance heating, and is melted through heat conduction of the molten pool, the wire feeding speed of the preheated wire segment is 50-200mm/s, and the laser cladding linear speed is 50-200 mm/s.
9. A high-speed wire laser cladding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, arranging a laser head above the surface of a workpiece to be clad, wherein a laser beam projected by the laser head forms a focusing spot on the surface of the workpiece;
secondly, preheating the wire by a wire heating power supply to form a preheating wire section and conveying the preheating wire section to the surface of the workpiece, adjusting a focusing spot of a laser beam to be positioned near a contact point of the preheating wire section and the surface of the workpiece, and forming a molten pool on the front side of the contact point of the preheating wire section and the surface of the workpiece;
step three, after a molten pool is formed on the surface of the workpiece, the laser head is properly lifted relative to the surface of the workpiece, and the feeding position of the preheating wire section is adjusted to the interface of the laser beam and the molten pool, so that the front end of the preheating wire section is directly fed to the surface of the formed molten pool without contacting with the parent metal of the workpiece, the laser head outputs laser energy to act on the molten pool and the parent metal of the workpiece positioned on the front side of the molten pool simultaneously, and the preheating wire section cannot block the laser beam;
and fourthly, moving the molten pool on the surface of the workpiece to form a laser cladding layer, and controlling the preheating wire section to be positioned between an output light path of the laser beam and the laser cladding layer formed on the surface of the workpiece, so that the wire feeding direction of the preheating wire section is the same as the laser cladding direction, wherein the wire feeding direction of the preheating wire section is the wire conveying direction of the preheating wire section along the surface of the workpiece, and the laser cladding direction is the moving direction of the molten pool on the surface of the workpiece.
10. The high-speed wire laser cladding method of claim 9, wherein in the first step, the laser beam projected by the laser head is at an angle of 90 ° ± 20 ° with respect to the surface of the workpiece; in the second step, the edge distance of the focusing light spot of the laser beam is 0-10mm from the contact point of the preheating wire material section and the surface of the workpiece; in the third step, the laser head is lifted by 1-5mm relative to the surface of the workpiece, 70% of the laser energy output by the laser head acts on the molten pool, 20% of the laser energy output acts on the workpiece parent metal on the front side of the molten pool, and the wire feeding speed of the preheating wire material section is 50-200 mm/s; in the fourth step, an included angle of 15-70 degrees is formed between the preheating wire material section and the laser cladding layer, and the component dilution rate of the formed laser cladding layer is reduced to be within 5%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010700553.3A CN111910183A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | High-speed wire laser cladding device and cladding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010700553.3A CN111910183A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | High-speed wire laser cladding device and cladding method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111910183A true CN111910183A (en) | 2020-11-10 |
Family
ID=73280476
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010700553.3A Pending CN111910183A (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | High-speed wire laser cladding device and cladding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111910183A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113913818A (en) * | 2021-12-04 | 2022-01-11 | 苏州工业职业技术学院 | Laser cladding system and method thereof |
| CN114214621A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device and method for laser wire feeding cladding forming |
| CN114574858A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-03 | 上海彩石激光科技有限公司 | Copper substrate and manufacturing method of silver coating on surface of copper substrate |
| CN114875402A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-09 | 南京辉锐光电科技有限公司 | Babbitt metal laser cladding processing method and laser cladding part |
| CN115029692A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-09-09 | 南京辉锐光电科技有限公司 | Copper substrate and preparation method of silver coating on surface of copper substrate |
-
2020
- 2020-07-21 CN CN202010700553.3A patent/CN111910183A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113913818A (en) * | 2021-12-04 | 2022-01-11 | 苏州工业职业技术学院 | Laser cladding system and method thereof |
| CN114214621A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Ultrasonic vibration composite wire feeding device and method for laser wire feeding cladding forming |
| CN114574858A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-03 | 上海彩石激光科技有限公司 | Copper substrate and manufacturing method of silver coating on surface of copper substrate |
| CN115029692A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-09-09 | 南京辉锐光电科技有限公司 | Copper substrate and preparation method of silver coating on surface of copper substrate |
| CN114574858B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2024-03-29 | 上海彩石激光科技有限公司 | Copper base material and method for manufacturing silver-coated layer on surface of copper base material |
| CN114875402A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-08-09 | 南京辉锐光电科技有限公司 | Babbitt metal laser cladding processing method and laser cladding part |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111910183A (en) | High-speed wire laser cladding device and cladding method | |
| CN107414303A (en) | A kind of laser scanning combination laser heating wire TIG complex welding method | |
| CN112108769A (en) | Synchronous wire feeding and powder feeding laser cladding welding system and cladding welding method | |
| US5567335A (en) | Process and apparatus for welding sheet metal edges | |
| CN109434286A (en) | A kind of efficient silk material laser cladding method | |
| CN106808095B (en) | Laser heats friction welding method | |
| CN107877016B (en) | Steel butt-jointed induction heating-stirring friction composite welding method and device | |
| WO2022262788A1 (en) | Narrow gap laser-tig arc hybrid welding apparatus and welding method | |
| EP1542823A2 (en) | High energy beam cladding | |
| CN110923700A (en) | Steel surface coating, preparation method and device | |
| CN108188581B (en) | Wire feeding type laser additive manufacturing method | |
| CN111421222B (en) | Friction stir butt welding device for large-thickness titanium-nickel dissimilar materials and processing method thereof | |
| CN107199394B (en) | A kind of stirring-head power supply assisted recombination formula Double shaft stirring friction welding method | |
| CN109848560A (en) | A kind of laser-arc composite heat source device and its welding method | |
| CN108436234A (en) | A kind of double heat sources collaboration welding methods of big thermal conductivity mismatch metal material and device | |
| CN1714983A (en) | Plasma arc-stirring friction composition welding method | |
| CN107150167B (en) | A kind of collet power supply assisted recombination formula twin shaft dynamic agitation friction welding method | |
| CN211199407U (en) | Metal matrix surface coating structure and forming device | |
| JP2005288474A (en) | Friction stir welding device and method | |
| CN212505068U (en) | High-speed wire laser cladding device | |
| JP2008093718A (en) | Composite welding method and apparatus | |
| JPS61232080A (en) | Laser welding method | |
| CN213764471U (en) | Synchronous wire and powder feeding laser cladding welding system | |
| CN107574433A (en) | Multiple laser prepares metal coating method | |
| JP5617416B2 (en) | Laser welding method and laser welding apparatus |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |