CN109400233A - Crops ecology culture base-material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Crops ecology culture base-material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/17—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing slag
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical fields, propose crops ecology culture base-material, it comprises the following components in parts by weight, 42-48 parts of agricultural crop straw, 12-17 parts of edible fungi residue, 13-17 parts of excrement, 8-12 parts of slag powders, 4-6 parts of sawdust, 4-6 parts of house refuse, 1.7-2.2 parts of brewex's grains, 1.7-2.2 parts of plant ash, 0.9-1.1 parts of animal bone powder, liquid 0.36-0.44 parts of conversion, water 19-21, conversion liquid is made of following methods, by water, vinegar grain, tealeaves boils 0.9-1.1h after boiling, it is cool to room temperature, wherein, parts by weight are as follows: water 90-100, vinegar grain 4-6, tealeaves 0.9-1.1.Through the above technical solutions, solving the problems, such as that the culture medium scope of application is small in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to culture base-material technical fields, are related to a kind of crops ecology culture base-material.
Background technique
Culture medium refers to supply microorganism, plant or animal (or tissue) growth and breeding, is combined by different nutriments
The nutrient matrix being formulated.Generally all contain carbohydrate, nitrogen substance, inorganic salts (including microelement), vitamin
With several big substances such as water.Attention with modern to food security, pollution-free, inorganic fertilizer pesticide residue, mouthfeel be good, nutrition
Good green vegetables are liked by more people, and green vegetables gradually move towards common people house.Not with urban population
Disconnected to increase, the people in the city of inhabitation want to have the plant of oneself plantation, due to not having available soil in living environment, directly
It connects and moves to soil in building, be easy to increase the dust of living environment, and soil nutrient value is not able to satisfy plant and entirely grows
The demand in period.
Culture medium in the prior art is chiefly used in mushroom crop, and the growth for being only mushroom crop provides nutrient environment, fits
It is smaller with range, it is not able to satisfy the market demand.
Such as 105110841 B of Publication No. CN discloses a kind of culture medium using Lenlinus edodes slag for cultivating hickory chick
Material is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight: the mushroom bacteria residues of 35~50 parts by weight, the plant organic matter of 40~60 parts by weight, 3~
The auxiliary material of 8 parts by weight, the plant organic matter be one of husk, peanut shell, wheat bran, agricultural crop straw, branch, leaf or
A variety of compositions, the auxiliary material are one of calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, vitamin, soil or a variety of groups
It closes.But this culture base-material is only applicable to the growth needs of hickory chick, cannot provide nutrition ring for the growth of other crops
Border, therefore, the market competitiveness are weaker, market demand very little.
Therefore, a kind of cultivation base stock is invented, can be used for the various plants such as crops, vegetables, flowers and soil can be replaced, and
It can be that sufficient nutrition or necessary is provided in crop cycle.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes crops ecology culture base-material, solves the problems, such as that the culture medium scope of application is small in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
Crops ecology culture base-material, comprises the following components in parts by weight, and 42-48 parts of agricultural crop straw, edible fungi residue
12-17 parts, 13-17 parts of excrement, 8-12 parts of slag powders, 4-6 parts of sawdust, 4-6 parts of house refuse, 1.7-2.2 parts of brewex's grains, vegetation
It is 1.7-2.2 parts grey, 0.9-1.1 parts of animal bone powder, liquid 0.36-0.44 parts, water 19-21 is converted,
Conversion liquid is made of following methods,
0.9-1.1h is boiled after water, vinegar grain, tealeaves are boiled, it is cool to room temperature, wherein parts by weight are as follows: water 90-100, vinegar grain
4-6, tealeaves 0.9-1.1.
Further, it comprises the following components in parts by weight, 45 parts of agricultural crop straw, 15 parts of edible fungi residue, 15 parts of excrement, mine
Ground-slag 10, sawdust 5,5 parts of house refuse, brewex's grains 2, plant ash 2, animal bone powder 1, conversion liquid 0.4, water 20,
Conversion liquid is made of following methods,
0.9-1.1h is boiled after water, vinegar grain, tealeaves are boiled, it is cool to room temperature, wherein parts by weight are as follows: water 94, vinegar grain 5, tea
Leaf 1.
Further, the agricultural crop straw be one of corn stover, wheat stalk, peanut straw, sugarcane stalk or
It is a variety of.
Further, the edible fungi residue is mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom, agaric, bacteria residue one or more in tremella.
Further, the house refuse is pericarp and/or vegetable leaf.
The invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of crops ecology culture base-material, include the following steps,
A, stock, weighs each raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight respectively, pulverization process,
B, dilution, adds water to be diluted, converts the ratio of liquid and water as 1:50, obtain dilute according to the conversion liquid of above-mentioned parts by weight
Liquid is released,
C, the material stirring that the dilution and step a are obtained is uniform, obtains mixed material,
D, by the mixed material in 70 DEG C with top fermentation 50-70 days.
It the working principle of the invention and has the beneficial effect that
1, the ecological culture base-material in the present invention, can be used for crop growth, it may also be used for and potting disk plants living body vegetables,
Therefore can be supplied in residential building, at any time with the kitchen garden picked at any time, catering trade can also be docked, not only beautified environment but also
Adjustable air, moreover it is possible to be able to eat with eating with adopting, not aoxidizing, the environmental health vegetables that nutrition is not lost, thoroughly improve national diet
Health problem makes China's Healthy vegetable basket project.
A large amount of waste materials, such as stalk, bacteria residue, excrement, slag powders etc. are utilized in ecological culture base-material in the present invention, make this
A little wastes are utilized effectively, and solve the problems, such as how these wastes are effectively disposed, obtain these wastes effectively
It utilizes.
Finally, plant growth quality can be obviously improved using the crops ecology culture base-material in the present invention, agriculture is improved
The yield of crop provides the long-acting solid phase organic matter of larger proportion, stable pH value and good control water control gas performance for plant,
So that the cultivation management of plant is more convenient, promotes quick rejuvenation after the root growth of plant, meet the nutritional need of plant, no
It can cause environmental pollution.And the ecological culture base-material in the present invention can use with crops, vegetables and flowers, can be raw for plant
The long environment that class soil environment is provided and is more suitable for plant growth.
2, the crops in middle peasant's crop ecological culture base-material of the present invention be selected from corn stover, wheat stalk, corn stover,
One of peanut straw, sugarcane stalk are a variety of, rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter etc., provide for the growth of plant
Sufficient nutrition.
3, bacteria residue is also known as mushroom bran, bacteria residue, leftover bits and pieces etc., is the compost after culturing edible fungus, in culture medium of edible fungus
Agricultural crop straw, rich in lignin, cellulose etc., a part is absorbed and utilized cotton seed hulls by mycelia, after edible fungus culturing, bacterium
A large amount of mycelium is also remained in slag rich in amino acid and cellulose, hydrocarbon and microelement, can be plant growth
Nutrition is provided.
4, the conversion liquid in the present invention is added in ecological culture base-material with appropriate proportioning, can be made in ecological culture base-material
Each component be easier to be absorbed by plants, increase the absorptivity of component in ecological culture base-material, to promote plant growth matter
Amount, improves the yield of crops, provides the long-acting solid phase organic matter of larger proportion, stable pH value and good control water for plant
Gas performance is controlled, so that the cultivation management of plant is more convenient, promotes quick rejuvenation after the root growth of plant, meets the battalion of plant
The demand of supporting.
Specific embodiment
In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.But this
The protection scope of invention is not limited to the range that embodiment is stated.Experimental method described in following embodiment and comparative examples,
It unless otherwise specified, is conventional method；The reagent and material commercially obtain unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1
One of the present embodiment crops ecology culture base-material, comprises the following components in parts by weight, and 42 parts of corn stover,
It 12 parts of mushroom bacteria residue, 13 parts of excrement, 8 parts of slag powders, 4 parts of sawdust, 4 parts of banana skin, 1.7 parts of brewex's grains, 1.7 parts of plant ash, moves
0.9 part of object bone meal, 0.36 part of liquid of conversion, water 19,
Conversion liquid is made of following methods,
0.9h is boiled after water, vinegar grain, tealeaves are boiled, it is cool to room temperature, wherein parts by weight are as follows: water 90, vinegar grain 4, tealeaves
0.9。
Preparation method are as follows:
A, stock, weighs each raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight respectively, pulverization process,
B, dilution, adds water to be diluted, converts the ratio of liquid and water as 1:50, obtain dilute according to the conversion liquid of above-mentioned parts by weight
Liquid is released,
C, the material stirring that the dilution and step a are obtained is uniform, obtains mixed material,
D, by the mixed material in 70 DEG C with top fermentation 50 days.
Embodiment 2
One of the present embodiment crops ecology culture base-material, comprises the following components in parts by weight, and 48 parts of peanut straw,
It 17 parts of straw mushroom residue, 17 parts of excrement, 12 parts of slag powders, 6 parts of sawdust, 6 parts of orange peel, 2.2 parts of brewex's grains, 2.2 parts of plant ash, moves
1.1 parts of object bone meal, 0.44 part of liquid of conversion, water 21,
Conversion liquid is made of following methods,
1.1h is boiled after water, vinegar grain, tealeaves are boiled, it is cool to room temperature, wherein parts by weight are as follows: water 100, vinegar grain 6, tealeaves
1.1。
Preparation method are as follows:
A, stock, weighs each raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight respectively, pulverization process,
B, dilution, adds water to be diluted, converts the ratio of liquid and water as 1:50, obtain dilute according to the conversion liquid of above-mentioned parts by weight
Liquid is released,
C, the material stirring that the dilution and step a are obtained is uniform, obtains mixed material,
D, by the mixed material in 70 DEG C with top fermentation 70 days.
Embodiment 3
One of the present embodiment crops ecology culture base-material, comprises the following components in parts by weight, and 45 parts of sugarcane stalk,
15 parts of tremella bacteria residue, 15 parts of excrement, 10 parts of slag powders, 5 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of vegetable leaf, 2 parts of brewex's grains, 2 parts of plant ash, Animal Bone
1 part of powder, 0.4 part of liquid of conversion, water 20,
Conversion liquid is made of following methods,
1h is boiled after water, vinegar grain, tealeaves are boiled, it is cool to room temperature, wherein parts by weight are as follows: water 95, vinegar grain 5, tealeaves 1.
Preparation method are as follows:
A, stock, weighs each raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight respectively, pulverization process,
B, dilution, adds water to be diluted, converts the ratio of liquid and water as 1:50, obtain dilute according to the conversion liquid of above-mentioned parts by weight
Liquid is released,
C, the material stirring that the dilution and step a are obtained is uniform, obtains mixed material,
D, by the mixed material in 70 DEG C with top fermentation 60 days.
Embodiment 4
One of the present embodiment crops ecology culture base-material, comprises the following components in parts by weight, and 44 parts of wheat stalk,
It 16 parts of mushroom dreg, 15 parts of excrement, 9 parts of slag powders, 5 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of apple skin, 1.9 parts of brewex's grains, 2.1 parts of plant ash, moves
1 part of object bone meal, 0.41 part of liquid of conversion, water 20,
Conversion liquid is made of following methods,
1h is boiled after water, vinegar grain, tealeaves are boiled, it is cool to room temperature, wherein parts by weight are as follows: water 96, vinegar grain 5, tealeaves 1.
Preparation method are as follows:
A, stock, weighs each raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight respectively, pulverization process,
B, dilution, adds water to be diluted, converts the ratio of liquid and water as 1:50, obtain dilute according to the conversion liquid of above-mentioned parts by weight
Liquid is released,
C, the material stirring that the dilution and step a are obtained is uniform, obtains mixed material,
D, by the mixed material in 70 DEG C with top fermentation 65 days.
Comparative example 1
One of this comparative example crops ecology culture base-material, comprises the following components in parts by weight, and 44 parts of wheat stalk,
It 16 parts of mushroom dreg, 15 parts of excrement, 9 parts of slag powders, 5 parts of sawdust, 5 parts of apple skin, 1.9 parts of brewex's grains, 2.1 parts of plant ash, moves
1 part of object bone meal, water 20.
Preparation method are as follows:
A, stock, weighs each raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight respectively, pulverization process,
The obtained material of step a and water are stirred evenly, obtain mixed material by c,
D, by the mixed material in 70 DEG C with top fermentation 60 days.
The culture base-material of leek, wheat, marigold is prepared according to embodiment, the comparative example in table 1.
Table 1
Experiment 1
Marigold (Tagetes erecta L) is composite family Tagetes annual herb plant, and stem is upright, sturdy, and tool is vertical
Slice rib, branch are open and flat upwards.Leaf pinnation；There are a small number of bodies of gland along leaf margin.Capitulum Dan Sheng；Involucre cup-shaped, top tool
Tooth tip；Ligulate flower yellow is dark orange；Tubular flower corolla yellow.Achene is linear, and base portion reduces, black or brown, by short microtriche；
Pappus has 1-2 long awns and 2-3 short and blunt scales.The month at florescence 7-9.The present invention chooses marigold with pigment, due to marigold
Plant be not it is very high, in warm indoor pot, by the culture base-material in flowerpot it is stocky after, irrigated with water, after water penetration, kind
Son broadcasts sowing above, is equally covered with one layer of thin culture base-material, without fertilising.
Under same environment, soil is moved into flowerpot, the comparative example as soil.
Plant height, branch's number, Ye Yanse, scab rate and the yield of marigold in difference measurement experiment are as a result as follows:
Experiment 2: leek
Leek, (scientific name: A.tuberosum Rottl.ex Spreng.) alias: Feng Ben, careless clock cream, Folium Allii tuberosi, lazyboot
Dish, long-living fragrant-flowered garlic, Folium Allii tuberosi, flat dish etc.；Belong to Liliaceae herbaceos perennial, have a special overpowering odor, rhizome accumbency, bulb is narrow
Cone, fasciation；Scale formula crust yellowish-brown, reticular fibre matter；Phyllopodium is raw, and bar shaped is flat；Umbel, basidixed.Leaf, scape
With spend for vegetable consumption；Seed etc. can be used as medicine, and have kidney tonifying, and stomach invigorating is refreshed oneself, hidroschesis astringent method and other effects.In Chinese medicine, someone
Leek is called " intestinal lavage grass ".Leek is adaptable, weatherable, and all parts of the country grow on trees cultivation.
Flowerpot is arranged in greenhouse, culture base-material is laid in flowerpot, by the culture medium in flowerpot in warm indoor growing for leek
Expect it is stocky after, irrigated with water, after water penetration, seed broadcasting to one layer of thin culture base-material above, is equally covered with, without applying
Fertilizer.
Under same environment, soil is moved into flowerpot, the comparative example as soil.
The average edible height of the leek of measurement experiment kind is as a result as follows
Experiment 3: wheat
Wheat is the general designation of wheat system plant, is monocotyledon, is a kind of grass family planted extensively all over the world
Plant, the caryopsis of wheat are one of staple foods of the mankind, can make the foods such as bread, steamed bun, biscuit, noodles after wearing into flour；Hair
It can be made into beer, alcohol, white wine (such as vodka), or raw matter fuel after ferment.Wheat is rich in starch, protein, fat, mineral
Matter, calcium, iron, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin A and vitamin C etc..
In this experiment, flowerpot is arranged in greenhouse, culture base-material is laid in flowerpot, by flowerpot in warm indoor growing for wheat
In culture base-material it is stocky after, irrigated with water, after water penetration, seed broadcasting to above, being equally covered with one layer of thin culture medium
Material, without fertilising.
Under same environment, soil is moved into flowerpot, the comparative example as soil.
The yield of the various wheat of measurement experiment is as a result as follows:
It is real by experiment 1 it is found that the growth quality of marigold can be dramatically increased using the ecological culture base-material in the present invention
Marigold plant height, branch's number, Ye Yanse, scab rate and the yield for applying a 1-4 are significantly better than the comparative example of comparative example 1 and soil
Marigold.
By experiment 2 it is found that the growth quality of leek can be dramatically increased using the ecological culture base-material in the present invention, make reality
Apply a 1-4 leek be averaged edible highly significant be better than comparative example 1 and soil comparative example.
By experiment 3 it is found that the product of wheat can be dramatically increased using the ecological culture base-material in the present invention, make embodiment
The wheat yield of 1-4 is significantly better than the comparative example of comparative example 1 and soil.
The above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. crops ecology culture base-material, it is characterised in that: comprise the following components in parts by weight, 42-48 parts of agricultural crop straw, eat
With 12-17 parts of bacterium bacteria residue, 13-17 parts of excrement, 8-12 parts of slag powders, 4-6 parts of sawdust, 4-6 parts of house refuse, brewex's grains 1.7-
2.2 parts, 1.7-2.2 parts of plant ash, 0.9-1.1 parts of animal bone powder, liquid 0.36-0.44 parts of conversion, 19-21 parts of water,
Conversion liquid is made of following methods,
0.9-1.1h is boiled after water, vinegar grain, tealeaves are boiled, it is cool to room temperature, wherein parts by weight are as follows: water 90-100, vinegar grain 4-6,
Tealeaves 0.9-1.1.
2. crops ecology culture base-material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it comprises the following components in parts by weight,
45 parts of agricultural crop straw, 15 parts of edible fungi residue, 15 parts of excrement, 10 parts of slag powders, sawdust 5,5 parts of house refuse, brewex's grains 2
Part, 2 parts of plant ash, 1 part of animal bone powder, 0.4 part of liquid of conversion, 20 parts of water,
Conversion liquid is made of following methods,
0.9-1.1h is boiled after water, vinegar grain, tealeaves are boiled, it is cool to room temperature, wherein parts by weight are as follows: water 94, vinegar grain 5, tealeaves 1.
3. crops ecology culture base-material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the agricultural crop straw is corn stalk
One of stalk, wheat stalk, peanut straw, sugarcane stalk are a variety of.
4. crops ecology culture base-material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the edible fungi residue be mushroom,
Straw mushroom, mushroom, agaric, bacteria residue one or more in tremella.
5. crops ecology culture base-material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the house refuse be pericarp and/
Or vegetable leaf.
6. the preparation method of crops ecology culture base-material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
A, stock, weighs each raw material of above-mentioned parts by weight respectively, pulverization process,
B, dilution, adds water to be diluted, converts the ratio of liquid and water as 1:50, diluted according to the conversion liquid of above-mentioned parts by weight
Liquid,
C, the material stirring that the dilution and step a are obtained is uniform, obtains mixed material,
D, by the mixed material in 70 DEG C with top fermentation 50-70 days.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110402760A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-11-05 | 广西民族师范学院 | A kind of ecology planting method of banana hayashishita intercropping plant edible mushroom |
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