CN109392349A - A kind of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation plantation sesbania method - Google Patents
A kind of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation plantation sesbania method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109392349A CN109392349A CN201811597706.5A CN201811597706A CN109392349A CN 109392349 A CN109392349 A CN 109392349A CN 201811597706 A CN201811597706 A CN 201811597706A CN 109392349 A CN109392349 A CN 109392349A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation plantation sesbania method, steps of the method are: 1, select planting area, establish irrigating facility；2, site preparation after autumn；3, pumping irrigation before winter icing；4, spring ice sheet melts, salt discharge water insurance against rain or fresh water；5, sesbania is sowed；6, sesbania growing season management；7, salt is pressed using precipitation water in sesbania water storage field；8, it harvests.The method of the invention geographical, climatic characteristic for tidal flat of Jiangsu Province, make full use of local resources, can beach saline-alkali effectively repaired, again economic and environment-friendly efficient high yield sesbania, it is ecology, the alkaline land improving mode that there are of economic and social benefit, transformation and agricultural sustainable development to Coastal beach salt-soda soil have positive facilitation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sustainable agriculture renovation technique fields of Coastal beach, specifically a kind of to be directed to tidal flat of Jiangsu Province
Geographical, climatic characteristic, makes full use of local resources, can with effectively repairing beach saline-alkali, economic and environment-friendly efficient Jiangsu edge again
Seabeach, which applies, repairs plantation sesbania method.
Background technique
Salt-soda soil is the saline land general name with alkali ground, refers to that salt content is in 0.1%-0.2% or more in soil, basicity is in 10%-
20% or more soil types.Solonchak refers mainly to chloride or the higher salinization soil of sulfate, and soil is in alkalinity, but pH
It is worth not necessarily very high.Refer to alkali carbonate containing or the phosphatic soil of weight, pH value is higher, and soil is in alkalinity.Salt-soda soil has
Machine matter content is few, and soil fertility is low, and physicochemical character is poor, more to the harmful anions and canons of crop, and crop is not easy to promote seedling.The whole world
The area in salt-soda soil is 954,380,000 hectares, and wherein China is 99,130,000 hectares, is distributed mainly on the north and coastal area, has latent
Change about 17,330,000 hectares of the salt-soda soil of tendency.
China's alkali and alkali-affected soil formation, it is most of with Carbonates In Soil add up it is related, in alkaline land soil
Salinity is more, and native table often has white salt alkali precipitation, ventilates, is permeable bad, and root system of plant often has poisoning, rotten, the phenomena of mortality, even if
Having put into a large amount of fertilizer can not be absorbed and utilized by crops, cause the negative effect of high investment low output.Soil it is saline and alkaline
Change has been worldwide ecological problem, and the saline Land degree in global range is in obvious ascendant trend, soil at present
The salinization of soil on ground has become the important limiting factor of world agriculture sustainable development.
Soil alkaline arid is to restrict the principal element of agricultural development, and the traditional irrigation method of salinized farmland is unrestrained with ground
Based on filling, by largely irrigating, not only meet crop water, but also soil salinity leaching is gone out crop root.However China is water money
Source restricted type country, water resource time, spatial distribution are extremely uneven, and gross amount of water resources and cultivated area, the size of population are uncoordinated,
To account for the population existence that 8% gross amount of water resources in the world maintains the world 21%, per capita water resource only accounts for the 1/ of world average level
4.Due to scarcity of fresh water resources, the application of this measure is restricted.
Nearly 1,000 kilometers of jiangsu coast coastline, beach saline-alkali ground area have 68.73 ten thousand hectares, Zhan Quanguo beach area
A quarter or so, Jiangsu Province belong to East Asian monsoon weather, have a moderate climate, the climatic superiority that photo-thermal is abundant, frost-free period is long,
It is that east China area is most potential, land reserved resources of most worthy.Jiangsu Province summer is rainy, and a large amount of precipitation can incite somebody to action
Salinity pours deep soil or flows into rainwash, at this moment will appear seasonal desalination.After autumn and winter, decrease in precipitation,
Dry, earth's surface water shortage, it is abundant that the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, coastal region scarcity of fresh water resources, but salt water resources occurs in soil, however as directly
Using irrigation with saline water, soil salt accumulation adversely affects beginning of spring agricultural planting.
Using tidal flat of Jiangsu Province long-term cropping, saline-alkali soil can be not only improved, salt damage is eliminated, can also expand arable land face
Product promotes agricultural production, has huge economic value and the value of environmental protection.According to tidal flat of Jiangsu Province, geographical, climatic characteristic, is ground
Study carefully and how to make full use of local resources, can development agricultural planting with effectively repairing beach saline-alkali, again economic be pendulum vast
A difficult problem in face of agri-scientific research worker.
Sesbania (scientific name: Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Poir.) is that pulse family Daubentonia annual herb is planted
Object, Iraq, India, South East Asia Mainland, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, Australia, Ghana, hair
Li Taniya is distributed.The province such as Hainan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangxi, Yunnan is originated from China.Sesbania green forage yield is high,
Nutrient content is abundant, and salt tolerance is stronger, is a kind of excellent green manure and animal feeding-stuff.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is geographical, climatic characteristic and sesbania characteristics for tidal flat of Jiangsu Province, propose one kind and both fill
Point utilize local resources, can with effectively repairing beach saline-alkali, again economic and environment-friendly efficient tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation plant field
Cyanines method.
The purpose of the present invention is what is solved by the following technical programs:
A kind of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation plantation sesbania method, it is characterised in that: the specific steps of this method are as follows:
1, planting area is selected, irrigating facility is established: according to determining kind of plough horizon salt content and winter amount of salt in groundwater
Plot to be planted, establishes irrigating facility in the quasi- tidal flat of Jiangsu Province for repairing plantation sesbania, beach plot is dug a well nearby, drainage trenching,
Establish water drainage-supply system；
2, site preparation after autumn: plantation field is built in the quasi- tidal flat of Jiangsu Province for repairing plantation sesbania after autumn, plantation water in field plane needs height
In underground water plane 1m or more, ditch in plantation field every 15m, ditch depth 1.5m, ditch long 400-600m, bottom width 0.8-1.2m, on
Mouth width 2-3m, plantation field surrounding build water storage ridge, and water storage ridge height is 0.3-0.35m, turn over plantation field, apply peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium carries out salt-soda soil reparation, and dose control is 12-15kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate effective content；
3, pumping irrigation before winter icing: when winter temperature reaches and stablizes icing, with the ground of well extraction near beach plot
It is lauched flood irrigation plantation field, principle is first to be irrigated to freeze with small water, and small water irrigates 2-3 times and forms stable salt water ice sheet to earth's surface, so
Broad irrigation again afterwards, irrigation quantity 0.25-0.3m；
4, spring ice sheet melts, salt discharge water insurance against rain or fresh water: season in early spring ice water starts to open the ridge before melting, and ice sheet starts to melt, and passes through
Gutter discharge seals ridge water conservation in time when ice sheet melts half, after remaining ice sheet melts completely and penetrates into soil, utilizes mulch
It is covered, inhibits the spring accumulation of salt in the surface soil to reduce to evaporate；
5, sesbania is sowed: under the conditions of being suitable for soil moisture content, annual soil temperature mid-April in Jiangsu beach area reaches 15 DEG C or more
There is wax on sowing, Sesbania seed skin depth, surface, and water suction is difficult, and hard seed rate need to carry out broadcasting preceding pretreatment up to 30%-50%；Sesbania
Sowing can broadcast sowing, ditch is broadcast and bunch planting, and the purposes different seeding quantity for planting field according to sesbania is different；The native power in sesbania top is poor, pays attention to
It is shallow to broadcast rear earthing, is generally advisable with 2cm or so, and covers some careless excrement or wheat straw, can inhibit the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；
6, sesbania growing season management: the sesbania seeding stage notices that looking into seedling fills the gaps with seedlings, and Growth of Seedling is slow, needs 50-60 days, the seedling later period
Rapidly, green forage yield is high for growth, manually wipes out and treat insect pests and plant diseases weeds in time in growth period, sprays insecticide, pest control；Sesbania nitrogen fixing capacity
By force, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer is needed, apply the phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate, after applying phosphate fertilizer, grass yield can at double or several times increase more, applies simultaneously
It also can increase the intracorporal nitrogen of sesbania, phosphorus nutrient content with phosphate fertilizer；
7, salt is pressed using precipitation water in sesbania water storage field: after entering summer, Jiangsu Province rainfall increases, and closes water storage ridge water
Salt is pressed, principle is subject to endless total flooding sesbania plant, and soil compacting salinity is slowly penetrated into ponding, intertills and loosens the soil after rain, disappear
Except soil hardening, inhibit the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；
8, harvest: harvested when sesbania grows up to, turned over after harvest, under normal circumstances, when turning over sesbania, in combination with autumn ploughing into
Row, sesbania is turned in topsoil 20cm or less.
Foundation plough horizon salt content and winter amount of salt in groundwater in the step 1 determine the criterion in plantation plot
Are as follows: arable layer sodium chloride salt threshold value when selection plantation sesbania is not higher than 0.45%, and winter amount of salt in groundwater is not higher than 1.5%.
Site preparation is turned over plantation Tanaka and can be mixed simultaneously when application calcium superphosphate carries out salt-soda soil reparation after step 2 mid-autumn
It is incorporated into organic fertilizer and makees base manure.
Pretreated method before sesbania is sowed in the step 5 are as follows:
1) it prepares sesbania seed-soaking liquid: taking the new fresh root of sesbania, the pure water of 50 times of root weight is added after grinding, in 25-28
It is impregnated 2 days at DEG C；Under 800-1100r/min after high speed centrifugation 25-35min, supernatant reduction vaporization is taken to be concentrated into original volume
1/6,250-300ml sesbania germinant is added in every liter of concentrate, obtains sesbania seed-soaking liquid；
2) sesbania sprouting is handled: Sesbania seed being placed in 60 DEG C of seed-soaking liquid of 3 times of seed volumes, seed and seed-soaking liquid one
It rises and pours into ultrasonic cleaner, take out spare after being ultrasonically treated 6-8h under 60-80Hz, seed can be shortened after processing in soil
The middle residence time prevents salinity from damaging seed, emerges ahead of time.
It in the step 5, is controlled according to the purposes different seeding quantity difference that sesbania plants field are as follows: green manure field application rate is 6-
8Kg/ mus, 1.5-2Kg/ mus of seed-plot application rate per hectare.
In the step 1, sesbania germinant ingredient presses densimeter: methyl α-naphthyl acetate 25-35ppm, sodium oxalate 40-50ppm, chlorination
Calcium 25-35g/L, H2O2 20-25g/L, compound sodium nitrophenolate 15-25ppm.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art:
1, the characteristics of the present invention accumulation of salt in the surface soil short of rain for the rainy desalination of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province salt-soda soil summer, winter, growing area just
Nearly well-digging, drainage trenching establish water drainage-supply system；Local salt water is taken out after calcium superphosphate processing after autumn before freezed in winter to be filled
It irrigates, growing area irrigates salt water freezing, melts to spring ice sheet, salt discharge water insurance against rain or fresh water, and after covering with ground sheeting moisturizing, growing area soil is rich
Water, therefore growing area salt-soda soil not will do it the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, also ensure the water demand of spring sesbania plantation.Jiangsu Province enters the summer
Precipitation is abundant after season, and salt is pressed using precipitation water in sesbania water storage field.Take that " winter keeps for Jiangsu beach saline-alkali planting site in this way
Summer attacks " salt-soda soil correcting strategy, prevented accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon, achieved significant effect.
2, tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation of the invention plantation sesbania method not only takes full advantage of the gas in Jiangsu beach area
Wait, geographical features, also inseparable with the growth characteristics of sesbania, sesbania is a kind of excellent summer green manure crop, with salt tolerant,
The characteristics such as waterlogging, growth is rapidly, wide adaptability, resistance against disadvantage be strong, are the elite crop of salt area conditioned soil earth.In addition, of the invention
Misery, which is irrigated, before freezed in winter freezes, and melts to spring ice sheet, and after salt discharge water insurance against rain or fresh water, growing area soil salt is substantially reduced,
The demand that salt tolerant crop sesbania sprouts production is met, and presses salt using precipitation water in summer field plantation field, it can be to planting site
Waterlogging phenomenon is repeatedly generated, and sesbania is also a kind of excellent waterlogging tolerant crop, therefore, successful implementation of the invention, with sesbania
Growth characteristics are inseparable.
3, preprocess method before the Sesbania seed that the present invention uses is sowed, can be improved the bud ratio of Sesbania seed, improve
Patience of the seed in alkaline land soil shortens seed residence time in the soil, prevents salinity from damaging seed, emerges ahead of time.
4, method of the invention makes full use of local resources for tidal flat of Jiangsu Province geography, climatic characteristic, can be effective
With repairing beach saline-alkali, economic and environment-friendly efficient high yield sesbania again, is ecology, the alkaline land improving mould that there are of economic and social benefit
Formula, transformation and agricultural sustainable development to Coastal beach salt-soda soil have positive facilitation.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation plantation sesbania method, it is characterised in that: the specific steps of this method are as follows:
1, planting area is selected, irrigating facility is established: according to determining kind of plough horizon salt content and winter amount of salt in groundwater
Plant plot, selection criterion are as follows: arable layer sodium chloride salt threshold value when selection plantation sesbania is not higher than 0.45%, winter underground water
Salt content is not higher than 1.5%；Irrigating facility is established in the quasi- tidal flat of Jiangsu Province for repairing plantation sesbania, beach plot is dug a well nearby,
Drainage trenching establishes water drainage-supply system；
2, site preparation after autumn: plantation field is built in the quasi- tidal flat of Jiangsu Province for repairing plantation sesbania after autumn, plantation water in field plane needs height
In underground water plane 1m or more, ditch in plantation field every 15m, ditch depth 1.5m, ditch long 400-600m, bottom width 0.8-1.2m, on
Mouth width 2-3m, plantation field surrounding build water storage ridge, and water storage ridge height is 0.3-0.35m, turn over plantation field, apply peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium carries out salt-soda soil reparation, and dose control is 12-15kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate effective content, is mixed into organic fertilizer simultaneously at this time
Make base manure；
3, pumping irrigation before winter icing: when winter temperature reaches and stablizes icing, with the ground of well extraction near beach plot
It is lauched flood irrigation plantation field, principle is first to be irrigated to freeze with small water, and small water irrigates 2-3 times and forms stable salt water ice sheet to earth's surface, so
Broad irrigation again afterwards, irrigation quantity 0.25-0.3m；
4, spring ice sheet melts, salt discharge water insurance against rain or fresh water: season in early spring ice water starts to open the ridge before melting, and ice sheet starts to melt, and passes through
Gutter discharge seals ridge water conservation in time when ice sheet melts half, after remaining ice sheet melts completely and penetrates into soil, utilizes mulch
It is covered, inhibits the spring accumulation of salt in the surface soil to reduce to evaporate；
5, sesbania is sowed: under the conditions of being suitable for soil moisture content, annual soil temperature mid-April in Jiangsu beach area reaches 15 DEG C or more
There is wax on sowing, Sesbania seed skin depth, surface, and water suction is difficult, and hard seed rate need to carry out broadcasting preceding pretreatment up to 30%-50%；Sesbania
Pretreated method before sowing are as follows: 1) prepare sesbania seed-soaking liquid: taking the new fresh root of sesbania, 50 times of root weight are added after grinding
Pure water, impregnated 2 days at 25-28 DEG C；Under 800-1100r/min after high speed centrifugation 25-35min, supernatant decompression is taken to steam
Hair is concentrated into the 1/6 of original volume, and 250-300ml sesbania germinant is added in every liter of concentrate, and (sesbania germinant ingredient is by dense
Degree meter: methyl α-naphthyl acetate 25-35ppm, sodium oxalate 40-50ppm, calcium chloride 25-35g/L, H2O2 20-25g/L, compound sodium nitrophenolate 15-
25ppm), sesbania seed-soaking liquid is obtained；2) sesbania sprouting is handled: Sesbania seed is placed in 60 DEG C of seed-soaking liquid of 3 times of seed volumes
In, seed and seed-soaking liquid pour into ultrasonic cleaner together, under 60-80Hz be ultrasonically treated 6-8h after take out it is spare, through handling
After can shorten seed residence time in the soil, prevent salinity from damaging seed, emerge ahead of time.Sesbania sowing can broadcast sowing, ditch is broadcast and
Bunch planting, the purposes different seeding quantity for planting field according to sesbania is different, and green manure field application rate is 6-8Kg/ mus, and seed-plot application rate is every
1.5-2Kg/ mus of hectare；The native power in sesbania top is poor, notices that broadcasting rear earthing will be shallowly generally advisable with 2cm or so, and cover some grass
Excrement or wheat straw, can inhibit the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；
6, sesbania growing season management: the sesbania seeding stage notices that looking into seedling fills the gaps with seedlings, and Growth of Seedling is slow, needs 50-60 days, the seedling later period
Rapidly, green forage yield is high for growth, manually wipes out and treat insect pests and plant diseases weeds in time in growth period, sprays insecticide, pest control；Sesbania nitrogen fixing capacity
By force, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer is needed, apply the phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate, after applying phosphate fertilizer, grass yield can at double or several times increase more, applies simultaneously
It also can increase the intracorporal nitrogen of sesbania, phosphorus nutrient content with phosphate fertilizer；
7, salt is pressed using precipitation water in sesbania water storage field: after entering summer, Jiangsu Province rainfall increases, and closes water storage ridge water
Salt is pressed, principle is subject to endless total flooding sesbania plant, and soil compacting salinity is slowly penetrated into ponding, intertills and loosens the soil after rain, disappear
Except soil hardening, inhibit the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；
8, harvest: harvested when sesbania grows up to, turned over after harvest, under normal circumstances, when turning over sesbania, in combination with autumn ploughing into
Row, sesbania is turned in topsoil 20cm or less.
The characteristics of present invention accumulation of salt in the surface soil short of rain for the rainy desalination of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province salt-soda soil summer, winter, in growing area
Well-digging, drainage trenching establish water drainage-supply system nearby；Local salt water is taken out after calcium superphosphate processing after autumn before freezed in winter to be filled
It irrigates, growing area irrigates salt water freezing, melts to spring ice sheet, salt discharge water insurance against rain or fresh water, and after covering with ground sheeting moisturizing, growing area soil is rich
Water, therefore growing area salt-soda soil not will do it the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, also ensure the water demand of spring sesbania plantation.Jiangsu Province enters the summer
Precipitation is abundant after season, and salt is pressed using precipitation water in sesbania water storage field.Take that " winter keeps for Jiangsu beach saline-alkali planting site in this way
Summer attacks " salt-soda soil correcting strategy, prevented accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon, achieved significant effect.
The present invention not only takes full advantage of the weather in Jiangsu beach area, geographical features, also takes full advantage of the life of sesbania
Long characteristic selects salt tolerant crop sesbania to be planted to beach saline-alkali in Jiangsu, and present invention employs the sesbania kinds of original creation
The bud ratio of Sesbania seed can be improved in preprocess method before son is sowed, and improves seed and seedling is resistance in alkaline land soil
Property, improve plant growing way.The waterlogging characteristic that growing area of the present invention takes water storage that salt strategy is pressed also to be unable to do without sesbania.Sesbania is one
The excellent summer green manure crop of kind, nitrogen fixing capacity is stronger, and nutrient content in plant is abundant, obvious effect of increasing production of improving the soil after turning over, special
It is not in the varieties in saline-alkali areas of low-lying easy flood.Sesbania is planted on salt-soda soil, can be substantially reduced topsoil soils salinity, and topsoil salinity is flat
Decline 30%-50%, is the elite crop of salt area conditioned soil earth.
Embodiment
Before sesbania sowing, pre-processed before laboratory is broadcast, method particularly includes:
1) it prepares sesbania seed-soaking liquid: taking the new fresh root of sesbania, the pure water of 50 times of root weight is added after grinding, is placed in people
In work climate box, impregnated 2 days at 26 DEG C；It then takes out and is placed in supercentrifuge, setting centrifuge speed is 1000r/min
Lower high speed centrifugation takes supernatant after 30min, is subsequently placed in be evaporated under reduced pressure in Rotary Evaporators and is concentrated into the 1/6 of original volume, every
Rise concentrate in be added 280ml sesbania germinant (sesbania germinant ingredient press densimeter: methyl α-naphthyl acetate 30ppm, sodium oxalate 45ppm,
Calcium chloride 30g/L, H2O2 22.5g/L, compound sodium nitrophenolate 20ppm), obtain sesbania seed-soaking liquid.
2) sesbania sprouting is handled: Sesbania seed being placed in 60 DEG C of seed-soaking liquid of 3 times of seed volumes, seed and seed soaking
Liquid pours into ultrasonic cleaner together, takes out measurement bud ratio after 7h is ultrasonically treated under 70Hz, is then seeded in port farm
In salt-soda soil, live seedling rate is counted after 60 days.
3) comparative example is arranged in the same period, and the Sesbania seed of comparative example is directly seeded in port without broadcasting preceding pretreatment, the same period
In the salt-soda soil of farm, live seedling rate is counted after germination percentage, then 60 days are measured after 3 days, statistical data obtains table 1.
By table 1 it can be found that the Sesbania seed that the present invention uses sows preceding preprocess method, Sesbania seed can be improved
Bud ratio improves patience of the seed in alkaline land soil, shortens seed residence time in the soil, prevents salinity damage kind
Son improves emergence rate and seedling growth.
The above examples only illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all
According to the technical idea provided by the invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within；The technology that the present invention is not directed to can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (6)
1. sesbania method is planted in a kind of tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation, it is characterised in that: the specific steps of this method are as follows:
1, planting area is selected, irrigating facility is established: according to determining kind of plough horizon salt content and winter amount of salt in groundwater
Plot to be planted, establishes irrigating facility in the quasi- tidal flat of Jiangsu Province for repairing plantation sesbania, beach plot is dug a well nearby, drainage trenching,
Establish water drainage-supply system；
2, site preparation after autumn: plantation field is built in the quasi- tidal flat of Jiangsu Province for repairing plantation sesbania after autumn, plantation water in field plane needs height
In underground water plane 1m or more, ditch in plantation field every 15m, ditch depth 1.5m, ditch long 400-600m, bottom width 0.8-1.2m, on
Mouth width 2-3m, plantation field surrounding build water storage ridge, and water storage ridge height is 0.3-0.35m, turn over plantation field, apply peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium carries out salt-soda soil reparation, and dose control is 12-15kg/ mus of calcium superphosphate effective content；
3, pumping irrigation before winter icing: when winter temperature reaches and stablizes icing, with the ground of well extraction near beach plot
It is lauched flood irrigation plantation field, principle is first to be irrigated to freeze with small water, and small water irrigates 2-3 times and forms stable salt water ice sheet to earth's surface, so
Broad irrigation again afterwards, irrigation quantity 0.25-0.3m；
4, spring ice sheet melts, salt discharge water insurance against rain or fresh water: season in early spring ice water starts to open the ridge before melting, and ice sheet starts to melt, and passes through
Gutter discharge seals ridge water conservation in time when ice sheet melts half, after remaining ice sheet melts completely and penetrates into soil, utilizes mulch
It is covered, inhibits the spring accumulation of salt in the surface soil to reduce to evaporate；
5, sesbania is sowed: under the conditions of being suitable for soil moisture content, annual soil temperature mid-April in Jiangsu beach area reaches 15 DEG C or more
There is wax on sowing, Sesbania seed skin depth, surface, and water suction is difficult, and hard seed rate need to carry out broadcasting preceding pretreatment up to 30%-50%；Sesbania
Sowing can broadcast sowing, ditch is broadcast and bunch planting, and the purposes different seeding quantity for planting field according to sesbania is different；The native power in sesbania top is poor, pays attention to
It is shallow to broadcast rear earthing, is generally advisable with 2cm or so, and covers some careless excrement or wheat straw, can inhibit the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；
6, sesbania growing season management: the sesbania seeding stage notices that looking into seedling fills the gaps with seedlings, and Growth of Seedling is slow, needs 50-60 days, the seedling later period
Rapidly, green forage yield is high for growth, manually wipes out and treat insect pests and plant diseases weeds in time in growth period, sprays insecticide, pest control；Sesbania nitrogen fixing capacity
By force, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer is needed, apply the phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate, after applying phosphate fertilizer, grass yield can at double or several times increase more, applies simultaneously
It also can increase the intracorporal nitrogen of sesbania, phosphorus nutrient content with phosphate fertilizer；
7, salt is pressed using precipitation water in sesbania water storage field: after entering summer, Jiangsu Province rainfall increases, and closes water storage ridge water
Salt is pressed, principle is subject to endless total flooding sesbania plant, and soil compacting salinity is slowly penetrated into ponding, intertills and loosens the soil after rain, disappear
Except soil hardening, inhibit the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；
8, harvest: harvested when sesbania grows up to, turned over after harvest, under normal circumstances, when turning over sesbania, in combination with autumn ploughing into
Row, sesbania is turned in topsoil 20cm or less.
2. sesbania method is planted in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 1
Foundation plough horizon salt content and winter amount of salt in groundwater determine plantation plot criterion are as follows: selection plantation sesbania when
Arable layer sodium chloride salt threshold value is not higher than 0.45%, and winter amount of salt in groundwater is not higher than 1.5%.
3. sesbania method is planted in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 2
Site preparation turns over plantation Tanaka and can be mixed into simultaneously organic fertilizer when application calcium superphosphate carries out salt-soda soil reparation and make base manure after autumn.
4. sesbania method is planted in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 5
Pretreated method before sesbania is sowed are as follows:
1) it prepares sesbania seed-soaking liquid: taking the new fresh root of sesbania, the pure water of 50 times of root weight is added after grinding, in 25-28
It is impregnated 2 days at DEG C；Under 800-1100r/min after high speed centrifugation 25-35min, supernatant reduction vaporization is taken to be concentrated into original volume
1/6,250-300ml sesbania germinant is added in every liter of concentrate, obtains sesbania seed-soaking liquid；
2) sesbania sprouting is handled: Sesbania seed being placed in 60 DEG C of seed-soaking liquid of 3 times of seed volumes, seed and seed-soaking liquid one
It rises and pours into ultrasonic cleaner, take out spare after being ultrasonically treated 6-8h under 60-80Hz, seed can be shortened after processing in soil
The middle residence time prevents salinity from damaging seed, emerges ahead of time.
5. sesbania method is planted in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 5,
The purposes different seeding quantity difference control in field is planted according to sesbania are as follows: green manure field application rate is 6-8Kg/ mus, seed-plot application rate
1.5-2Kg/ mus of per hectare.
6. sesbania method is planted in tidal flat of Jiangsu Province reparation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the step 1,
Sesbania germinant ingredient presses densimeter: methyl α-naphthyl acetate 25-35ppm, sodium oxalate 40-50ppm, calcium chloride 25-35g/L, H2O2 20-
25g/L, compound sodium nitrophenolate 15-25ppm.
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