CN103548511A - Method for comprehensive frost-prevention cultivation of winter-cropping potatoes - Google Patents
Method for comprehensive frost-prevention cultivation of winter-cropping potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548511A CN103548511A CN201310492323.2A CN201310492323A CN103548511A CN 103548511 A CN103548511 A CN 103548511A CN 201310492323 A CN201310492323 A CN 201310492323A CN 103548511 A CN103548511 A CN 103548511A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for comprehensive frost-prevention cultivation of winter-cropping potatoes. The method for the comprehensive frost-prevention cultivation of the winter-cropping potatoes comprises the following steps of (1) land selection and preparation, (2) planting time confirming, (3) seed potato proposal, (4) fertilizer application and seed sowing, (5) earth covering and fertilizer application, (6) field management, (7) harvesting. The method for the comprehensive frost-prevention cultivation of the winter-cropping potatoes has the advantages of being obvious in effect, simple in operation, low in cost and high in yield and reducing the pesticide using amount and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, relate to a kind of winter to make the comprehensive frost prevention cultivation method of potato.
Background technology
It is just more outstanding for the contribution of output that the output of potato seed planting technology and potato, the control of damage by disease and insect etc. have direct relation, winter to make potato seed planting technology.Winter is made the existing part Study of planting technology of potato, such as people such as the few brightness of Feng in 2011 with regard to having applied for for benign climate (free of frost), have abundant water resources, winter in irrigation and drainage convenience, abundant manpower, the slightly acidic sandy loam of short texture area makes potato planting technical patent.The people such as Dai Hengren have studied kind and the impact of agronomic measures on southern potato cryoprotective effects, find that kind and cultivation step reveal rate schedule very remarkable, and fertilizing amount and rate schedule reveal significantly, to potato is antifreeze, keep away that freezing keeps the safety in production has great significance.These plantations of doing potato for the winter provide one effectively to instruct, but but can not solve a frost area planting technology difficult problem.
Yunnan Potato Dong Zuo district produces area and expands year by year, and increasing frost area is used to the winter and does the plantation of potato, take railway carriage or compartment to do to produce as main in addition throughout the year, suffers frost damage in various degree, is having a strong impact on the output of potato.Being applied to the winter does the measure that potato prevents and treats frost in producing, and comprise covering film, take anti-frost-shed, spray the measures such as anti-creme, and these measures has increased production input cost, but do not reach good control effect.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect existing in prior art, the invention provides a kind of simple to operately, reduce agricultural chemicals usage amount, cost is low, and the winter that yield is high is made the comprehensive frost prevention cultivation method of potato.
Its technical scheme is as follows:
Make the comprehensive frost prevention cultivation method of potato, comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of land and whole ground: select benign climate free of frost, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage convenience, abundant manpower, the slightly acidic sandy loam of short texture plot, after plowing with large sized tractor, with improved mini-size tillage machine, ditch again, line-spacing 80cm;
(2) determine implantation time: according to frost season and production Rational choice implantation time planting season, implantation time is controlled at previous month of frost season;
(3) potato seed is processed: after potato seed breaking dormancy sprouts, potato seed is cut to kind of each stripping and slicing and have 1 eye at least, each stripping and slicing weight is at 80g;
(4) ferti-seeding: 1.5 tons/mu of organic fertilizers and seed manure Sa Kefu 15:15:15 18kg/ mu in plantation ditch, potassium sulphate 15kg/ mu, urea: 10.5kg/ mu, after Shi Haofei, press 15cm spacing in the rows pendulum kind, then earthing 7cm;
(5) earthing fertilising: when emergence rate reaches 40-50%, potato set is carried out to earthing 5cm, after seedling earthing during height of seedling 10cm, after topdressing, again to seedling earthing 5cm, press every mu of Sa Kefu 15:15:15 18kg, potassium sulphate 15kg, urea: 10.5kg, topdresses;
(6) field management:
A pours water and moistens the short seedling of soil
Plantation backsight soil moisture, temperature are irrigation period and irrigation quantity surely, and stripping and slicing has sprouted after long root and just poured water;
The b extermination of disease and insect pest
After emerging, when finding disease and insect pest plant, within every 7-8 days, with the dimethomorph of every mu of 30-40 gram or the tpn of 100 grams every mu 75%, be watered spraying prevention and control potato late blight, early blight; 10% Imidacloprid of every 7-8 days 1.8% Avermectin with every mu of 1000ml or 100 grams every mu replaces dispenser and carrys out the various insects of prevention and control; Meanwhile, when plant reaches 50cm, can select chlormequat to potato control branch, control climing.
(7) results
When cauline leaf flavescence, reach 110 days vegetative period, results.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: successful, simple to operate, reduce agricultural chemicals usage amount, cost is low, and yield advantages of higher is applicable to extensive cultivation.After potato emerges, earthing is processed and seedling to be embedded in underground, has reduced by the probability of frost, has effectively evaded frost, has guaranteed planting percent, and antifrost effect is fairly obvious.Operation is simple for the technical program, can be manually or big machinery operation, and be convenient to spread and use.Effectively reducing the frost damage in potato Dong Zuo district under condition cheaply, reduce the usage amount of frost prevention agricultural chemicals.Dig and carry out the weeds that earthing can effectively reduce field, reduce the usage amount of weed killer herbicide.Carry out secondary soil-covering and can effectively reduce blue or green potato rate, thereby improve the commodity rate of potato.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention.
Make the comprehensive frost prevention cultivation method of potato, comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of land and whole ground: select benign climate free of frost, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage convenience, abundant manpower, the slightly acidic sandy loam of short texture plot, after plowing with large sized tractor, with improved mini-size tillage machine, ditch again, line-spacing 80cm;
(2) determine implantation time: according to frost season and production Rational choice implantation time planting season, implantation time is controlled at previous month of frost season;
(3) potato seed is processed: after potato seed breaking dormancy sprouts, it is to utilize as far as possible apical dominance that potato seed is cut to kind of a principle, guarantees that each stripping and slicing has 1 eye at least, and each stripping and slicing weight is in 80g left and right;
(4) ferti-seeding: 1.5 tons/mu of organic fertilizers and seed manure Sa Kefu 15:15:15 18kg/ mu in plantation ditch, potassium sulphate 15kg/ mu, urea: 10.5kg/ mu, after Shi Haofei, press 15cm spacing in the rows pendulum kind, then earthing 7cm;
(5) earthing fertilising: when emergence rate reaches 40-50%, potato set is carried out to earthing 5cm, after seedling earthing during height of seedling 10cm, after topdressing, again to seedling earthing 5cm, press every mu of Sa Kefu 15:15:15 18kg, potassium sulphate 15kg, urea: 10.5kg, topdresses;
(6) field management: a pours water, and to plant backsight soil moisture, temperature be irrigation period and irrigation quantity to the short seed of profit soil surely, and preferably stripping and slicing has sprouted after long root and just poured water, and is relatively difficult for rotten kind; After the b extermination of disease and insect pest is emerged, when finding disease and insect pest plant, within every 7-8 days, with the dimethomorph of every mu of 30-40 gram or the tpn of 100 grams every mu 75%, be watered spraying prevention and control potato late blight, early blight; 10% Imidacloprid of every 7-8 days 1.8% Avermectin with every mu of 1000ml or 100 grams every mu replaces dispenser and carrys out the various insects of prevention and control; Meanwhile, when plant reaches 50cm, can select chlormequat to potato control branch, control climing.
(7) results
When cauline leaf flavescence, reach 110 days vegetative period, results.
In order further to prove beneficial effect of the present invention, carried out doing the contrast of planting with traditional railway carriage or compartment, specifically as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The improvements of technical solution of the present invention are mainly reflected in:
1. rationally adjust implantation time: check local record in frost season over the years, according to frost season and production Rational choice implantation time planting season (implantation time is controlled at previous month of frost season), in advance sowing potato seed is carried out to vernalization and prepare, assurance potato seed is emerged in after planting one month;
2. large ridge earthing plantation: adopt the large ridge single file plantation of ditching of artificial or mechanical mode for convenience of later stage earthing management during plantation, plantation specification is 80cm * 15cm; After planting when emergence rate reaches 40-50%, potato set is being carried out to earthing 5cm, after seedling earthing, is emerging and reach 10cm when high, after topdressing again to seedling earthing 5cm, guarantee frost during the phase potato set by soil, covered.
The above, be only best mode for carrying out the invention, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, and the simple change of the technical scheme that can obtain apparently or equivalence are replaced and all fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the winter is made the comprehensive frost prevention cultivation method of potato, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land and whole ground: select benign climate free of frost, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage convenience, abundant manpower, the slightly acidic sandy loam of short texture plot, after plowing with large sized tractor, with improved mini-size tillage machine, ditch again, line-spacing 80cm;
(2) determine implantation time: according to frost season and production Rational choice implantation time planting season, implantation time is controlled at previous month of frost season;
(3) potato seed is processed: after potato seed breaking dormancy sprouts, potato seed is cut to kind of each stripping and slicing and have 1 eye at least, each stripping and slicing weight is at 80g;
(4) ferti-seeding: 1.5 tons/mu of organic fertilizers and seed manure Sa Kefu 15:15:15 18kg/ mu in plantation ditch, potassium sulphate 15kg/ mu, urea: 10.5kg/ mu, after Shi Haofei, press 15cm spacing in the rows pendulum kind, then earthing 7cm:
(5) earthing fertilising: when emergence rate reaches 40-50%, potato set is carried out to earthing 5cm, after seedling earthing during height of seedling 10cm, after topdressing, again to seedling earthing 5cm, press every mu of Sa Kefu 15:15:15 18kg, potassium sulphate 15kg, urea: 10.5kg, topdresses;
(6) field management:
A pours water and moistens the short seedling of soil
Plantation backsight soil moisture, temperature are irrigation period and irrigation quantity surely, and stripping and slicing has sprouted after long root and just poured water;
The b extermination of disease and insect pest
After emerging, when finding disease and insect pest plant, within every 7-8 days, with the dimethomorph of every mu of 30-40 gram or the tpn of 100 grams every mu 75%, be watered spraying prevention and control potato late blight, early blight; 10% Imidacloprid of every 7-8 days 1.8% Avermectin with every mu of 1000ml or 100 grams every mu replaces dispenser and carrys out the various insects of prevention and control; Meanwhile, when plant reaches 50cm, select chlormequat to potato control branch, control climing;
(7) results
When cauline leaf flavescence, reach 110 days vegetative period, results.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104041280A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-17 | 云南农业大学 | Winter-crop potato large-ridge soil moisture preservation close-planting high-yield cultivation method |
| CN104956910A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-07 | 李翔 | High-quality and high-efficiency cultivation method of potatoes in winter and summer |
| CN105993435A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-10-12 | 云南农业大学 | Comprehensive antifrost method for winter-crop potato |
| CN106134694A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-11-23 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi avoids the pathogenetic implantation methods of late blight |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19964141C2 (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2001-05-23 | Alfred Frohnert | Procedure for obtaining frost hardy potato germs |
| DE10057478B4 (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2005-11-10 | Alfred Frohnert | Method for promoting the flower and seed mixture in potatoes |
| CN102257917B (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-14 | 惠东县九华农贸有限公司 | Cost-saving and yield-increasing culture technique for southern winter potato |
| CN102246645B (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2013-04-24 | 惠东县九华农贸有限公司 | High-yield culture technology for southern potatoes planted in autumn |
| CN102487684A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method for culturing potatoes in mountainous district |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104041280A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-17 | 云南农业大学 | Winter-crop potato large-ridge soil moisture preservation close-planting high-yield cultivation method |
| CN104041280B (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-03-30 | 云南旺德农业科技有限公司 | Winter makes potato large ridge soil moisture conservation dense planting high-yield cultivating method |
| CN104956910A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-07 | 李翔 | High-quality and high-efficiency cultivation method of potatoes in winter and summer |
| CN105993435A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-10-12 | 云南农业大学 | Comprehensive antifrost method for winter-crop potato |
| CN106134694A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-11-23 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi avoids the pathogenetic implantation methods of late blight |
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