CN102599033B - Water-saving salinity-controlled mulching cultivation method for Chinese wolfberry in saline and alkaline land - Google Patents
Water-saving salinity-controlled mulching cultivation method for Chinese wolfberry in saline and alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN102599033B CN102599033B CN2012100903574A CN201210090357A CN102599033B CN 102599033 B CN102599033 B CN 102599033B CN 2012100903574 A CN2012100903574 A CN 2012100903574A CN 201210090357 A CN201210090357 A CN 201210090357A CN 102599033 B CN102599033 B CN 102599033B
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water-saving salinity-controlled mulching cultivation method for Chinese wolfberry in a saline and alkaline land, in particular to a method for planting Chinese wolfberry in moderately and severely salinized soil and secondarily salinized soil, which is characterized by including the steps: firstly leveling a land prior to rotary tillage; secondly, digging ditches; thirdly, planting Chinese wolfberry in the ditches; fourthly, covering ridges with black mulch; fifthly, digging holes below the periphery of each tree crown, applying fertilizer into the holes, and covering the holes with soil immediately; sixthly, fully irrigating the ditches for 4-6 times in the growth phase of Chinese wolfberry; seventhly, shaping and trimming branches of Chinese wolfberry; and eighthly, picking fresh ripe fruits of Chinese wolfberry. According to the characteristics of the saline and alkaline land with low groundwater level, the salt content of the soil in root areas is effectively controlled for Chinese wolfberry. Growth of weeds can be effectively controlled by covering with the black mulch, moisture and temperature of the soil are maintained, and Chinese wolfberry can absorb water and grow normally.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water saving of a kind of saline land matrimony vine overlay film and press down the salt cultivation method, especially a kind of method for planting matrimony vine at severe and secondary salinization soil.
Background technology
Middle severe and secondary salinization soil, Main Problems are that soil salt content is high, the preserve moisture and fertility performance is poor, weedy, and the matrimony vine survival rate of planting is low, and the primary measure of such land development and utilization is to suppress salinity, improves saline and alkaline.In addition, soil secondary salinization is also the new problem that the irrigated area faces, and irrational cultivation method and irrigation cause the salination area to increase year by year, has had a strong impact on the sustainable and stable development of output, quality and the industry of matrimony vine.Therefore, alkaline land improving utilization and soil secondary salinization control are the irrigated area problem demanding prompt solutions, and the engineering measure of improvement of salt and alkaline land is difficult to carry out because cost is excessive.
Plant improvement technology in recent years extensively receives publicity, and its expense is few, and instant effect also can obtain economic benefit when large tracts of land saline-alkali soil is improved, and wherein saline land plantation matrimony vine effect is particularly outstanding.Reasonably medlar cultivation method, can adopt in the situation that water resource lacks day by day to be restricted with the water wash soil salt, uses the black film mulching saline land, effectively suppress soil salt, save moisture, suppress weed growth, improve matrimony vine planting survival rate and output etc.Therefore, research use a kind ofly integrate that improvement is saline and alkaline, to press down the salt cultivation method be necessary in saline land matrimony vine overlay film water saving that suppress soil salt and preserve moisture and fertility function, is the efficient technical measures of utilizing in a saline land.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the matrimony vine overlay film water saving of a kind of saline land and press down the salt cultivation method, can play the effect that the saline land is improved utilization and soil secondary salinization control.
The matrimony vine overlay film water saving of a kind of saline land presses down the salt cultivation method, and its special feature is, comprises the steps:
(1) level land, then rotary tillage;
(2) trench digging;
(3) with the matrimony vine field planting in ditch;
(4) cover black mulch film on the ridge;
(5) dig the cave below the tree crown edge, fertilizer is applied, then grave mound immediately;
(6) irrigate, irrigation quantity is as the criterion so that ditch is filled, and matrimony vine is filled with 4-6 water in breeding time;
(7) the matrimony vine branch is carried out pruning;
(8) pluck after the medlar fresh fruit maturation and get final product.
Level land with the laser land leveling instrument in step (1).
Ditch depth 30cm in step (2), furrow width 40cm, ditch is apart from 2m.
Matrimony vine line-spacing 2m in step (3), spacing in the rows 1m.
In step (5), fertilizer being applied is to use fertilizer 2000kg/666.7m
2, chemical fertilizer N: P
2O
5: K
2O=35: 20: 15 (kg/666.7m
2), wherein nitrogenous fertilizer was used respectively by early April 40%, late May 20%, late July 20%, mid-August 20%, other fertilizer in early April base execute.
Source of irrigation water is selected Huanghe water or local underground brackish water in step (6), pour water respectively at after the matrimony vine field planting, by the end of April, early June, mid-July, mid-August, carry out by the end of October.
In step (7), the matrimony vine branch being carried out pruning is to adopt " naturally semicircle " high yield tree-like, wipes out water sprout in the 5-7 month, carries out winter pruning March October to next year.
In step (8), maturation refers to that color and luster is scarlet, surface-brightening, and the fruit texture deliquescing is when hand is pinched high resilience.
The beneficial effect of the inventive method is:
(1) improve Water and fertilizer retention ability of soil: the outstanding feature of this technology is to suppress evaporation from land surface, the soil moisture conservation effect is remarkable, after using 1-2 in the management of saline land medlar cultivation, can effectively improve soil moisture, the particularly operation of 20-60cm soil moisture.After overlay film, it is loose that soil property becomes, and the soil water evaporation loss is little, furrow irrigation in addition, and Infiltration increases, and soil moisture content increases, and utilization rate of fertilizer increases, and soil temperature on average improves more than 2.5 ℃, and efficiency of water application improves more than 50%.
(2) obviously reduce soil total salt amount and pH value: use this technical method 1-2 on the saline land matrimony vine is planted after, can make saline land topsoil or crop root zone soil salt content reduce 10%-20%, each soil layer of 0-100cm pH value all reduces than before covering, Na
+, Ca
2+, Cl
-, CO
3 2-Isoionic content also effectively reduces, and harm alleviates, and matrimony vine root system growth vigor strengthens, and growing way is vigorous, and fruiting rate improves 20%-30%, and matrimony vine is on average increased production more than 25%, and net income per mu increases by 50～100 yuan.
(3) improve rapidly Content of available nutrient in soils and buffer capacity: the technology is used on the matrimony vine of saline land, sustainable organic matter and the soil nutrient that provides and keep the boxthorn root layer to enrich, prevent volatilization and run off, after using 1-2, the content of organic matter increases by 5%～15%, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increases 30%-50%, available phosphorus increases by 10%, and the salinization of soil alleviates, soil quality be improved significantly, buffer capacity is further strengthened.
(4) effectively suppress weeds, simple to operate, the later stage is saved human and material resources, financial resources.The present invention can effectively suppress weed growth, saving of work and time by covering black mulch film; Irrigate through furrow by trench planting, can save great lot of water resources, reduce peasant household's water rate burden, reduce the soil secondary salinization that broad irrigation causes, and matrimony vine is convenient to peasant household and plucks when ripe.Application of the present invention realized utilize saline and alkaline in, improved the saline land, improved ecotope, increased crop yield, effectively promoted the development of saline land agricultural industry, can realize the doulbe-sides' victory of economy and zoology benefit.
Embodiment
The inventive method is for the characteristics in the more shallow saline land of subterranean water level, by series of measures such as level land, ditching, ridging, overlay film, furrow irrigation, boxthorn root district soil salt is effectively suppressed, effectively suppress weed growth by black film mulching, keep soil moisture and temperature, make matrimony vine normally absorb water and to grow, thereby provide matrimony vine good growing environment, fruit of Chinese wolfberry output is high, quality better.
The inventive method be mainly high for soil salt content, the preserve moisture and fertility performance is poor, weedy, the matrimony vine survival rate of planting is hanged down problem, and the Irrigated Area Soils secondary salinization problem that causes due to unreasonable irrigation, what provide a kind ofly integrates that improvement is saline and alkaline, saline land matrimony vine overlay film water saving that suppress soil salt and preserve moisture and fertility function presses down the salt cultivation method.The method is in the characteristics that take into full account salinization soil with after limiting the principal element of saline land yield of medlar, the measures such as employing is leveled land, ditching, ridging, specification field planting, covering black mulch film, furrow irrigation management effectively suppress soil salt, save moisture, suppress weed growth, improve matrimony vine planting survival rate and output.
The inventive method comprise level land, ditching, ridging, specification field planting, overlay film, furrow irrigation management etc.
Embodiment 1:
(1) level land with the laser land leveling instrument, then rotary tillage;
(2) trench digging, ditch depth 30cm, furrow width 40cm, ditch is apart from 2m;
(3) with the matrimony vine field planting in ditch, matrimony vine line-spacing 2m, spacing in the rows 1m;
(4) cover black mulch film on the ridge;
(5) dig the cave below the tree crown edge, fertilizer is applied, then grave mound immediately; It is to use fertilizer 2000kg/666.7m that fertilizer is applied
2, chemical fertilizer N: P
2O
5: K
2O=35: 20: 15 (kg/666.7m
2), wherein nitrogenous fertilizer was used respectively by early April 40%, late May 20%, late July 20%, mid-August 20%, other fertilizer in early April base execute;
(6) irrigate, irrigation quantity is as the criterion so that ditch is filled, and matrimony vine is filled with 6 water in breeding time, and source of irrigation water is selected Huanghe water or local underground brackish water, pour water respectively at after the matrimony vine field planting, by the end of April, early June, mid-July, mid-August, carry out by the end of October;
(7) the matrimony vine branch is carried out pruning, pruning is to adopt " naturally semicircle " high yield tree-like, wipes out water sprout in the 5-7 month, carries out winter pruning March October to next year;
(8) pluck after the medlar fresh fruit maturation and get final product, maturation refers to that color and luster is scarlet, surface-brightening, and the fruit texture deliquescing is when hand is pinched high resilience.In time airing after plucking.
Claims (6)
1. a saline land matrimony vine overlay film water saving presses down the salt cultivation method, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) level land, then rotary tillage;
(2) trench digging;
(3) with the matrimony vine field planting in ditch;
(4) cover black mulch film on the ridge;
(5) dig the cave below the tree crown edge, fertilizer is applied, then grave mound immediately; Wherein fertilizer being applied is to use fertilizer 2000kg/666.7m
2, chemical fertilizer N: P
2O
5: K
2O=35: 20: 15 (kg/666.7m
2), wherein nitrogenous fertilizer was used respectively by early April 40%, late May 20%, late July 20%, mid-August 20%, other fertilizer in early April base execute;
(6) irrigate, irrigation quantity is as the criterion so that ditch is filled, and matrimony vine is filled with 6 water in breeding time; Wherein source of irrigation water is selected Huanghe water or local underground brackish water, pour water respectively at after the matrimony vine field planting, by the end of April, early June, mid-July, mid-August, carry out by the end of October;
(7) the matrimony vine branch is carried out pruning;
(8) pluck after the medlar fresh fruit maturation and get final product.
2. saline land matrimony vine overlay film water saving as claimed in claim 1 presses down the salt cultivation method, it is characterized in that: level land with the laser land leveling instrument in step (1).
3. saline land matrimony vine overlay film water saving as claimed in claim 1 presses down the salt cultivation method, it is characterized in that: ditch depth 30cm in step (2), and furrow width 40cm, ditch is apart from 2m.
4. saline land matrimony vine overlay film water saving as claimed in claim 1 presses down the salt cultivation method, it is characterized in that: matrimony vine line-spacing 2m in step (3), spacing in the rows 1m.
5. saline land matrimony vine overlay film water saving as claimed in claim 1 presses down the salt cultivation method, it is characterized in that: in step (7), the matrimony vine branch being carried out pruning is to adopt " naturally semicircle " high yield tree-like, wipe out water sprout in the 5-7 month, carry out winter pruning March October to next year.
6. saline land matrimony vine overlay film water saving as claimed in claim 1 presses down the salt cultivation method, and it is characterized in that: in step (8), maturation refers to that color and luster is scarlet, surface-brightening, and the fruit texture deliquescing is when hand is pinched high resilience.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012100903574A CN102599033B (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2012-03-30 | Water-saving salinity-controlled mulching cultivation method for Chinese wolfberry in saline and alkaline land |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012100903574A CN102599033B (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2012-03-30 | Water-saving salinity-controlled mulching cultivation method for Chinese wolfberry in saline and alkaline land |
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| CN102599033A CN102599033A (en) | 2012-07-25 |
| CN102599033B true CN102599033B (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103299815B (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2016-05-04 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of salt-soda soil high yield cultivation method of peanut |
| CN104303747A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-28 | 王慧 | Method for cultivating lycium ruthenicum in saline and alkaline land |
| CN104488661B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2017-10-20 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A kind of brackish water irrigation method for salination irrigated area matrimony vine |
| CN105940910A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-21 | 宁夏农林科学院 | Quick planting method for matrimony vine in cracking alkaline soil with salt control |
| CN106171416A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 宁夏大学 | A kind of Fructus Lycii and implantation methods thereof |
| CN108293733B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2020-10-09 | 麦意琳 | Nutrient-rich quality rice planting mode and method |
| CN107517612A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-12-29 | 句容市后白镇美佳多果品专业合作社 | A kind of soil management method in pear tree field |
| CN109348769A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-02-19 | 宁夏农林科学院 | A kind of method of agronomy improvement saline-alkali wetland |
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| CN101176407A (en) * | 2007-04-14 | 2008-05-14 | 冯立田 | Artificial cultivation technique for black fruit medlar in alkaline land |
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| CN101836571A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2010-09-22 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for planting medlar in high-altitude saline-alkali soil |
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| CN101176407A (en) * | 2007-04-14 | 2008-05-14 | 冯立田 | Artificial cultivation technique for black fruit medlar in alkaline land |
| CN101507403A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2009-08-19 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Saline-land salt-water drip-irrigation medlar cultivation method |
| CN101836571A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2010-09-22 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for planting medlar in high-altitude saline-alkali soil |
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