CN109362623A - 海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法 - Google Patents
海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109362623A CN109362623A CN201811294809.4A CN201811294809A CN109362623A CN 109362623 A CN109362623 A CN 109362623A CN 201811294809 A CN201811294809 A CN 201811294809A CN 109362623 A CN109362623 A CN 109362623A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- black porgy
- net cage
- asparagus
- parts
- fish
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241001247278 Acanthopagrus schlegelii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000234427 Asparagus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 235000005340 Asparagus officinalis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001100 (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)chroman-4-one Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- AIONOLUJZLIMTK-AWEZNQCLSA-N hesperetin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1[C@H]1OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C1 AIONOLUJZLIMTK-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229960001587 hesperetin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- AIONOLUJZLIMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hesperetin Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC=C1C1OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C1 AIONOLUJZLIMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000010209 hesperetin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- FTODBIPDTXRIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N homoeriodictyol Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C(=O)C2)=C1 FTODBIPDTXRIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 102000015636 Oligopeptides Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 108010038807 Oligopeptides Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- UVGUPMLLGBCFEJ-SWTLDUCYSA-N sucrose acetate isobutyrate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](COC(=O)C(C)C)O[C@@]1(COC(C)=O)O[C@@H]1[C@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@H](OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1 UVGUPMLLGBCFEJ-SWTLDUCYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N curcumin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C(=O)CC(=O)\C=C\C=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012754 curcumin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940109262 curcumin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diferuloylmethane Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C=CC(=O)CC(=O)C=CC=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 butyric acid sucrose ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000206672 Gelidium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Natural products CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 15
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-RWOPYEJCSA-N (1r,2s,3s,4s,5r)-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,3,4-triol Chemical compound O1[C@@]2([H])OC[C@]1([H])[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]2O TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-RWOPYEJCSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 7
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000182067 Fraxinus ornus Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000002917 Fraxinus ornus Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100024295 Maltase-glucoamylase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241001494106 Stenotomus chrysops Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010045649 agarase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010028144 alpha-Glucosidases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000433 anti-nutritional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010034145 Helminth Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010757 Reduction Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-isobutyric acid Natural products CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000463 ecotoxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000013 helminth Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
- A01K61/65—Connecting or mooring devices therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,属于水产养殖技术领域,向置于海域的网箱中放养黑鲷,驯食成功后投喂含有龙须菜发酵物的复合饲料,龙须菜发酵物含有高F值寡肽和活性琼胶寡糖,其龙须菜发酵物的制备方法为:按接种量为10‑12%向含4‑5wt%龙须菜干藻粉、pH 7.0‑8.0的溶液中接种枯草芽孢杆菌,再加入乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素,发酵,烘干,过筛,即得龙须菜发酵物。本发明越冬养殖方法可以充分利用水体养殖面积,增强越冬黑鲷体质,提高其抗应激能力和免疫抗氧化能力,提高成活率,安全越冬。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水产养殖技术领域,具体涉及海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法。
背景技术
鱼类属于变温动物,对水体温度的下降变化较为敏感,机体能够感受微弱的温差。对于多数鱼类而言,处于长期低温环境的条件下,鱼类的行为***均水温在3-4℃,而表层水密度较小,无法形成对流运动,水体流动缓慢。在近乎于半密闭的空间内,加之池底有机物、微生物含量高,耗氧量大,致使水体中的溶氧量降低。鱼类在应对低温和长期饥饿的环境下表现出的生理生化调节性变化,是一种对生存环境的适应。认识并了解鱼类的适应性反应,对提高人工养殖管理水平、制定科学投喂计划、提高养殖鱼类越冬成活等方面均能够提供有效的理论支持,此外也对野生群体数量和规模的研究具有重要的价值。
黑鲷俗称黒加吉,喜栖于沙泥底质或多岩礁底的浅海水域,属内湾性底栖鱼类,具有对环境适用性较强、杂食性、肉味好等优良性状,是土池和网箱养殖的主要海水鱼类。黑鲷属暖温广盐性底栖鱼类,但对水温的适应性稍微差一点,生长温度10-32℃,最适温度17-25℃,17℃以下时生长缓慢,在水温5℃下会出现死亡,其适盐范围为8-30,最适盐度25-28。溶解氧可在6mg/L以下,最低不能低于3mg/L,否则会引起大量死亡,给养殖户带来重大经济损失,严重影响黑鲷网箱养殖的经济效益。因此,选择合适的条件进行海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖显得十分必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种可以充分利用水体养殖面积,增强越冬黑鲷体质,提高其抗应激能力和免疫抗氧化能力,提高成活率,安全越冬的海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法。
本发明为实现上述目的所采取的技术方案为:
海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,向置于海域的网箱中放养黑鲷,驯食成功后投喂含有龙须菜发酵物的复合饲料,龙须菜发酵物含有高F值寡肽和活性琼胶寡糖。
作为优选,龙须菜发酵物的制备方法为:按接种量为10-12%向含4-5wt%龙须菜干藻粉、pH 7.0-8.0的溶液中接种枯草芽孢杆菌,再加入乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素,发酵,烘干,过筛,即得龙须菜发酵物。龙须菜非淀粉多糖作为天然的多糖,黏度高,溶解性比较差,限制了其在工业,发酵处理可降解龙须菜,除去龙须菜的抗营养因子,获取高活性琼胶寡糖和龙须菜小分子活性物质,更便于被黑鲷吸收利用,黑鲷吸收的小分子的糖和氨基酸小肽大部分被用于鱼体基本成分的组成,同时有利于黑鲷肠道内益生菌的增殖,改善黑鲷的免疫抗氧化能力,从而促进黑鲷的生长,更为安全地越冬。此外,乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素的存在一方能够降低枯草芽孢杆菌中α-葡萄糖苷酶的代谢量,提高琼胶酶的代谢量,避免龙须菜的碳水化合物水解成过多的α-葡萄糖单体,提高龙须菜发酵物中活性琼胶寡糖的含量,提高龙须菜发酵物的生物活性,改善黑鲷的免疫抗氧化能力,更为安全地越冬;另一方面龙须菜发酵后大分子的蛋白质被微生物分解为小分子的多肽,而乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素的存在使得发酵产物中产有高F值寡肽,增强黑鲷的食欲和机体免疫功能。
进一步优选,乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素的添加量为枯草芽孢杆菌重量0.03-0.1‰和0.01-0.02‰。
进一步优选,发酵温度为20-30℃、转速为120-180r/min、时间为2-4d。
作为优选,复合饲料包括如下成分及其重量份:鱼粉20-25份、发酵豆粕34-40份、发酵玉米粉18-26份、龙须菜发酵物15-25份、鱼油2-3份、植物油10-15份、维生素C 0.02-0.2份、复合矿物质1-2份、甘露寡糖0.2-0.4份、糖萜素0.02-0.08份、姜黄素0.01-0.05份。该复合饲料科学配伍,满足了黑鲷越冬养殖生长的需求,增强黑鲷的食欲,有利于促进黑鲷摄食,增强越冬黑鲷体质,提高抗应激能力和免疫抗氧化能力,可以安全越冬,提高其成活率,达到理想的饲养效果,创造较好的社会价值及经济利益。
作为优选,网箱为20-50目,置于盐度为20-30‰,pH值为7.8-8.6,溶解氧≥5mg/L的海域。
作为优选,网箱为3.0m×4.0m×4.0m敞口式网箱,四周用木桩固定,上端用钢丝绳拉紧,按顺水顺流方向以多排并列排开,每排相隔3m,排内网箱间隔1m,每1hm2水面设置网箱600只。这种网箱设置方式,可以充分利用水体养殖面积,网箱中的溶氧含量高,有利于黑鲷的生长。
作为优选,黑鲷的放养密度为11-13kg/箱。
作为优选,驯食的具体方法为:黑鲷入箱后3d内不投放任何饵料,使其处于饥饿状态,第4d开始投喂黑鲷体重1.0-2.0%的复合饲料,驯食1-2d即可。
作为优选,投喂方式为:每次按黑鲷体重的3-6%投喂,冬季水温<10℃及阴雨天不投喂,水温≥10℃的晴天,选择在下午13:30-15:30投喂1次。上午不惊动黑鲷,让其休息,减少活动和消耗能量,促进生长。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
1)本发明提供一种在海域进行海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖的方法,可以充分利用水体养殖面积,大大提高了黑鲷越冬养殖成活率,提高黑鲷养殖的经济效益;2)本发明养殖方法用复合饲料科学配伍,满足了黑鲷越冬养殖生长的需求,增强黑鲷的食欲,有利于促进黑鲷摄食,增强越冬黑鲷体质,提高抗应激能力和免疫抗氧化能力,可以安全越冬,提高其成活率,达到理想的饲养效果,创造较好的社会价值及经济利益;3)本发明养殖方法用复合饲料中的龙须菜发酵物的制备方法使得龙须菜发酵物含有高F值寡肽和活性琼胶寡糖,能改善增强黑鲷的食欲,有利于黑鲷肠道内益生菌的增殖,提高黑鲷的免疫抗氧化能力,更为安全地越冬。
本发明采用了上述技术方案提供海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,弥补了现有技术的不足,设计合理,操作方便。
具体实施方式
下面,结合具体实施例对本发明实施方式作进一步说明。
实施例1:
海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,向置于海域的网箱中放养黑鲷,驯食成功后投喂含有龙须菜发酵物的复合饲料,龙须菜发酵物含有高F值寡肽和活性琼胶寡糖。
上述龙须菜发酵物的制备方法为:按接种量为10%向含4wt%龙须菜干藻粉、pH7.0的溶液中接种枯草芽孢杆菌,再加入乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素,发酵,烘干,过筛,即得龙须菜发酵物。龙须菜非淀粉多糖作为天然的多糖,黏度高,溶解性比较差,限制了其在工业,发酵处理可降解龙须菜,除去龙须菜的抗营养因子,获取高活性琼胶寡糖和龙须菜小分子活性物质,更便于被黑鲷吸收利用,黑鲷吸收的小分子的糖和氨基酸小肽大部分被用于鱼体基本成分的组成,同时有利于黑鲷肠道内益生菌的增殖,改善黑鲷的免疫抗氧化能力,从而促进黑鲷的生长,更为安全地越冬。此外,乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素的存在一方能够降低枯草芽孢杆菌中α-葡萄糖苷酶的代谢量,提高琼胶酶的代谢量,避免龙须菜的碳水化合物水解成过多的α-葡萄糖单体,提高龙须菜发酵物中活性琼胶寡糖的含量,提高龙须菜发酵物的生物活性,改善黑鲷的免疫抗氧化能力,更为安全地越冬;另一方面龙须菜发酵后大分子的蛋白质被微生物分解为小分子的多肽,而乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素的存在使得发酵产物中产有高F值寡肽,增强黑鲷的食欲和机体免疫功能。其中,乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素的添加量为枯草芽孢杆菌重量0.03‰和0.01‰;发酵温度为20℃、转速为120r/min、时间为2d。
上述复合饲料包括如下成分及其重量份:鱼粉20份、发酵豆粕34份、发酵玉米粉18份、龙须菜发酵物15份、鱼油2份、植物油10份、维生素C 0.02份、复合矿物质1份、甘露寡糖0.2份、糖萜素0.02份、姜黄素0.01份。该复合饲料科学配伍,满足了黑鲷越冬养殖生长的需求,增强黑鲷的食欲,有利于促进黑鲷摄食,增强越冬黑鲷体质,提高抗应激能力和免疫抗氧化能力,可以安全越冬,提高其成活率,达到理想的饲养效果,创造较好的社会价值及经济利益。
上述网箱为20目,置于盐度为20‰,pH值为7.8,溶解氧≥5mg/L的海域;网箱为3.0m×4.0m×4.0m敞口式网箱,四周用木桩固定,上端用钢丝绳拉紧,按顺水顺流方向以多排并列排开,每排相隔3m,排内网箱间隔1m,每1hm2水面设置网箱600只。这种网箱设置方式,可以充分利用水体养殖面积,网箱中的溶氧含量高,有利于黑鲷的生长。
上述黑鲷的放养密度为11kg/箱。
上述驯食的具体方法为:黑鲷入箱后3d内不投放任何饵料,使其处于饥饿状态,第4d开始投喂黑鲷体重1.0%的复合饲料,驯食1d即可。
上述投喂方式为:每次按黑鲷体重的3%投喂,冬季水温<10℃及阴雨天不投喂,水温≥10℃的晴天,选择在下午13:30-15:30投喂1次。上午不惊动黑鲷,让其休息,减少活动和消耗能量,促进生长。
病害预防及其它养殖、管理技术与现广泛使用网箱养殖黑鲷技术相当。
实施例2:
海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,具体步骤为:
1)选择盐度为25‰,pH值为8.2,溶解氧≥5mg/L的海域;
2)选择40目、规格为3.0m×4.0m×4.0m的敞口式网箱,四周用木桩固定,上端用钢丝绳拉紧,按顺水顺流方向以多排并列排开,每排相隔3m,排内网箱间隔1m,每1hm2水面设置网箱600只;
3)按照放养密度为12kg/箱向置于海域的网箱中放养黑鲷;
4)黑鲷入箱后3d内不投放任何饵料,使其处于饥饿状态,第4d开始投喂黑鲷体重1.5%的复合饲料,驯食1-2d即可;
5)投喂方式为:投喂包括如下成分及其重量份的复合饲料:鱼粉22份、发酵豆粕37份、发酵玉米粉22份、龙须菜发酵物20份、鱼油2.5份、植物油12份、维生素C 0.1份、复合矿物质1.5份、甘露寡糖0.3份、糖萜素0.05份、姜黄素0.03份,每次按黑鲷体重的4.5%投喂,冬季水温<10℃及阴雨天不投喂,水温≥10℃的晴天,选择在下午13:30-15:30投喂1次;
6)病害预防及其它养殖、管理技术与现广泛使用网箱养殖黑鲷技术相当,养殖过程中,对死亡黑鲷计数,计算出越冬前每箱黑鲷数量,结果如表1所示。
上述龙须菜发酵物含有高F值寡肽和活性琼胶寡糖,其制备方法为:按接种量为11%向含4.5wt%龙须菜干藻粉、pH 7.5的溶液中接种枯草芽孢杆菌,再加入枯草芽孢杆菌重量0.06‰的乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和0.015‰的橙皮素,在发酵温度为25℃、转速为150r/min的条件下发酵3d,烘干,过筛,即得龙须菜发酵物。同时检测发酵龙须菜、龙须菜的营养成分,如表2所示。
实施例3:
海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,具体步骤为:
1)选择盐度为30‰,pH值为8.6,溶解氧≥5mg/L的海域;
2)选择50目、规格为3.0m×4.0m×4.0m的敞口式网箱,四周用木桩固定,上端用钢丝绳拉紧,按顺水顺流方向以多排并列排开,每排相隔3m,排内网箱间隔1m,每1hm2水面设置网箱600只;
3)按照放养密度为13kg/箱向置于海域的网箱中放养黑鲷;
4)黑鲷入箱后3d内不投放任何饵料,使其处于饥饿状态,第4d开始投喂黑鲷体重2.0%的复合饲料,驯食1-2d即可;
5)投喂方式为:投喂包括如下成分及其重量份的复合饲料:鱼粉25份、发酵豆粕40份、发酵玉米粉26份、龙须菜发酵物25份、鱼油3份、植物油15份、维生素C 0.2份、复合矿物质2份、甘露寡糖0.4份、糖萜素0.08份、姜黄素0.05份,每次按黑鲷体重的6%投喂,冬季水温<10℃及阴雨天不投喂,水温≥10℃的晴天,选择在下午13:30-15:30投喂1次;
6)病害预防及其它养殖、管理技术与现广泛使用网箱养殖黑鲷技术相当。
上述龙须菜发酵物含有高F值寡肽和活性琼胶寡糖,其制备方法为:按接种量为12%向含5wt%龙须菜干藻粉、pH 8.0的溶液中接种枯草芽孢杆菌,再加入枯草芽孢杆菌重量0.1‰的乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和0.02‰的橙皮素,在发酵温度为30℃、转速为180r/min的条件下发酵4d,烘干,过筛,即得龙须菜发酵物。
实施例4:
为了提高海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖的成活率,进一步优选的方案为:
当海域冬季水温低于15℃时,选择小潮水期间,将在开放性海域设置的黑鲷养殖网箱,用船缓慢拖动至半封闭性海湾,速度低于1.0m/s,重新进行打桩固定;要求海底地势平缓,底质为泥质或泥沙质,水深8m以上,营养盐丰富、无污染,海水水流平缓,流速低于1.0m/s为佳。
实施例5:
为了提高海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖的成活率,降低黑鲷养殖对海域水体的污染,进一步优选的方案还包括:
每隔30d向网箱中投施微生物制剂1-3次,微生物制剂的制备方法为:将含有小球藻、光合细菌和酵母菌的混合液加入质量浓度为1.7%的甘露聚糖和海藻酸钠混合溶液中均匀混合,然后缓慢匀速滴加到不断搅拌的质量浓度为5.4%的氯化钙溶液中,交联19h,制得微生物制剂,其中小球藻、光合细菌、酵母菌的体积比为1:0.4:0.21;甘露聚糖和海藻酸钠混合溶液中甘露聚糖和海藻酸钠重量比为1:0.18。该制备方法将小球藻、光合细菌和酵母菌细胞截留在甘露聚糖和海藻酸钠孔隙的网络中,可以阻止细胞的泄露,同时能让基质渗入和产物扩散出来,微生物制剂粒内部的多孔和缝隙结构,为微藻和细菌提供了良好的生长繁殖条件,具有固化方便、对微生物毒性小、固定化密度高等优点。甘露聚糖和海藻酸钠混合溶液减小或增大会使球粒机械强度过小或过大从而影响藻菌的生长,进而对氮、磷和有机物的去除产生影响;氯化钙的质量分数大小同样会对固定化微生物细胞球的机械强度、传质性能甚至藻菌细胞活性产生一定的影响,而上述甘露聚糖和海藻酸钠溶液的质量浓度和氯化钙溶液的质量浓度为最佳选择;甘露聚糖和海藻酸钠溶液中甘露聚糖和海藻酸钠的合理配比使得甘露聚糖分子中的游离羟基与水分子成氢链结合,增加甘露聚糖及海藻酸钠形成的网格密度,为藻菌和甘露聚糖及海藻酸钠的接触提供了较大表面积,固定更多的藻菌,固定化使藻菌的浓度大大增加,大大提高对养殖用水中氮磷的去除效率,同时在提高微生物制剂的密度的同时提高微生物制剂的机械强度,使得微生物制剂易于沉入水底且不被破坏,发挥更好的净化效果,另一方面甘露聚糖的高度分支能够通过静电作用和配位作用与小球藻、光合细菌和酵母菌的表面官能团相结合,在固定小球藻、光合细菌和酵母菌的同时提高它们在微生物制剂中的分散性,最大限度地发挥小球藻、光合细菌和酵母菌改良水质的作用,提高池塘网箱养殖黑鲷越冬成活率,此外甘露聚糖的存在能够延缓海藻酸钠的被微生物的降解,使微生物制剂具有缓释效果,延长其使用寿命,减少微生物制剂的使用频率。
对比例1:
与实施例2不同的是:龙须菜发酵物的制备方法为:按接种量为11%向含4.5wt%龙须菜干藻粉、pH 7.5的溶液中接种枯草芽孢杆菌,再加入枯草芽孢杆菌重量0.06‰的乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯,在发酵温度为25℃、转速为150r/min的条件下发酵3d,烘干,过筛,即得龙须菜发酵物。同时检测发酵龙须菜、龙须菜的营养成分,如表2所示。
病害预防及其它养殖、管理技术与现广泛使用网箱养殖黑鲷技术相当。养殖过程中,对死亡黑鲷计数,计算出越冬前每箱黑鲷数量。结果如表1所示。
对比例2:
与实施例2不同的是:龙须菜发酵物含有高F值寡肽和活性琼胶寡糖,其制备方法为:按接种量为11%向含4.5wt%龙须菜干藻粉、pH 7.5的溶液中接种枯草芽孢杆菌,再加入枯草芽孢杆菌重量0.015‰的橙皮素,在发酵温度为25℃、转速为150r/min的条件下发酵3d,烘干,过筛,即得龙须菜发酵物。同时检测发酵龙须菜、龙须菜的营养成分,如表2所示。
病害预防及其它养殖、管理技术与现广泛使用网箱养殖黑鲷技术相当。养殖过程中,对死亡黑鲷计数,计算出越冬前每箱黑鲷数量。结果如表1所示。
对比例3:
龙须菜发酵物含有高F值寡肽和活性琼胶寡糖,其制备方法为:按接种量为11%向含4.5wt%龙须菜干藻粉、pH 7.5的溶液中接种枯草芽孢杆菌,在发酵温度为25℃、转速为150r/min的条件下发酵3d,烘干,过筛,即得龙须菜发酵物。同时检测发酵龙须菜、龙须菜的营养成分,如表2所示。
病害预防及其它养殖、管理技术与现广泛使用网箱养殖黑鲷技术相当。养殖过程中,对死亡黑鲷计数,计算出越冬前每箱黑鲷数量。结果如表1所示。
对比例4:
与实施例2不同的是:投喂包括如下成分及其重量份的复合饲料:鱼粉22份、发酵豆粕37份、发酵玉米粉22份、鱼油2.5份、植物油12份、维生素C 0.1份、复合矿物质1.5份、甘露寡糖0.3份、糖萜素0.05份、姜黄素0.03份。
病害预防及其它养殖、管理技术与现广泛使用网箱养殖黑鲷技术相当。养殖过程中,对死亡黑鲷计数,计算出越冬前每箱黑鲷数量。结果如表1所示。
表1黑鲷网箱越冬养殖的成活率
由表1可知,实施例2的成活率高于对比例1、对比例2、对比例3和对比例4,对比实施例2和对比例4可知:龙须菜发酵物的加入能够提高黑鲷网箱越冬养殖的成活率;对比实施例2和对比例1、对比例2、对比例3可知:实施例2得到的龙须菜发酵物能够跟好地提高龙须菜发酵物的生物活性,改善黑鲷的免疫抗氧化能力,更为安全地越冬;实施例2的成活率低于实施例4和实施例5,对比实施例2和实施例4、实施例5,可知实施例4和实施例5的技术方案均提高海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖的成活率。
表2发酵龙须菜、龙须菜的营养成分
类别 | 发酵前 | 实施例2 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 |
干物质 | 94.67 | 99.45 | 98.25 | 98.04 | 97.81 |
粗蛋白(%) | 15.32 | 18.72 | 16.87 | 16.02 | 7.24 |
粗脂肪(%) | 0.58 | 0.34 | 0.41 | 0.37 | 0.49 |
灰分(%) | 30.4 | 55.32 | 58.21 | 60.02 | 65.2 |
无氮浸出物(%) | 54.87 | 20.84 | 25.47 | 28.14 | 28.97 |
总糖(%) | 23.01 | 11.43 | 11.21 | 12.64 | 11.85 |
寡糖(%) | 0.79 | 3.31 | 2.15 | 2.34 | 1.8 |
由表2可知,实施例2的寡糖含量高于对比例1、对比例2和对比例3,表明乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素的存在能够提高龙须菜发酵物中活性琼胶寡糖的含量。
上述实施例中的常规技术为本领域技术人员所知晓的现有技术,故在此不再详细赘述。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明,而并非对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以做出各种变化和变型。因此,所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴,本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。
Claims (10)
1.海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,向置于海域的网箱中放养黑鲷,驯食成功后投喂含有龙须菜发酵物的复合饲料,其特征在于:所述龙须菜发酵物含有高F值寡肽和活性琼胶寡糖。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,其特征在于:龙须菜发酵物的制备方法为:按接种量为10-12%向含4-5wt%龙须菜干藻粉、pH7.0-8.0的溶液中接种枯草芽孢杆菌,再加入乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素,发酵,烘干,过筛,即得龙须菜发酵物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,其特征在于:所述乙酸异丁酸蔗糖酯和橙皮素的添加量为枯草芽孢杆菌重量0.03-0.1‰和0.01-0.02‰。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,其特征在于:所述发酵温度为20-30℃、转速为120-180r/min、时间为2-4d。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,其特征在于:所述复合饲料包括如下成分及其重量份:鱼粉20-25份、发酵豆粕34-40份、发酵玉米粉18-26份、龙须菜发酵物15-25份、鱼油2-3份、植物油10-15份、维生素C 0.02-0.2份、复合矿物质1-2份、甘露寡糖0.2-0.4份、糖萜素0.02-0.08份、姜黄素0.01-0.05份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,其特征在于:所述网箱为20-50目,置于盐度为20-30‰,pH值为7.8-8.6,溶解氧≥5mg/L的海域。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,其特征在于:所述网箱为3.0m×4.0m×4.0m敞口式网箱,四周用木桩固定,上端用钢丝绳拉紧,按顺水顺流方向以多排并列排开,每排相隔3m,排内网箱间隔1m,每1hm2水面设置网箱600只。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,其特征在于:所述黑鲷的放养密度为11-13kg/箱。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,其特征在于:所述驯食的具体方法为:黑鲷入箱后3d内不投放任何饵料,使其处于饥饿状态,第4d开始投喂黑鲷体重1.0-2.0%的复合饲料,驯食1-2d即可。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法,其特征在于,所述投喂方式为:每次按黑鲷体重的3-6%投喂,冬季水温<10℃及阴雨天不投喂,水温≥10℃的晴天,选择在下午13:30-15:30投喂1次。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811294809.4A CN109362623B (zh) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | 海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811294809.4A CN109362623B (zh) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | 海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN109362623A true CN109362623A (zh) | 2019-02-22 |
CN109362623B CN109362623B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
Family
ID=65396967
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201811294809.4A Active CN109362623B (zh) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | 海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN109362623B (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002294651A (ja) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-09 | Nippon Petrochemicals Co Ltd | 水中生物付着防止具および水中生物付着防止方法 |
JP2007236230A (ja) * | 2006-03-06 | 2007-09-20 | Mita:Kk | 野菜を与えるウニの養殖方法 |
CN104221957A (zh) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | 一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法 |
CN106173516A (zh) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-12-07 | 汕头大学 | 一种含有发酵龙须菜的黑鲷饲料及其制备方法 |
CN108056325A (zh) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-22 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | 一种具有免疫增强作用的海水黑鲷鱼饲料 |
-
2018
- 2018-11-01 CN CN201811294809.4A patent/CN109362623B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002294651A (ja) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-09 | Nippon Petrochemicals Co Ltd | 水中生物付着防止具および水中生物付着防止方法 |
JP2007236230A (ja) * | 2006-03-06 | 2007-09-20 | Mita:Kk | 野菜を与えるウニの養殖方法 |
CN104221957A (zh) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | 一种海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法 |
CN106173516A (zh) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-12-07 | 汕头大学 | 一种含有发酵龙须菜的黑鲷饲料及其制备方法 |
CN108056325A (zh) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-22 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | 一种具有免疫增强作用的海水黑鲷鱼饲料 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
刘燕: "龙须菜的发酵及发酵龙须菜对黑鲷生长、免疫和抗氧化能力的影响", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库农业科技辑》 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN109362623B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103820520B (zh) | 一种高产天然虾青素的发酵方法 | |
CN106260504B (zh) | 一种利用啤酒酵母泥生产微生物发酵湿饲料的方法 | |
CN101856063B (zh) | 一种海参用饲料 | |
CN109618997A (zh) | 牡蛎养殖的生态净化方法 | |
CN110178974B (zh) | 饲料添加剂、饲料及其制备方法 | |
CN106173516A (zh) | 一种含有发酵龙须菜的黑鲷饲料及其制备方法 | |
US20160192677A1 (en) | Method of treating coral, a coral food composition and a method of manufacture | |
CN113749187A (zh) | 含过氧化氢酶的葡萄糖氧化酶饲料添加剂的生产方法 | |
CN104388338B (zh) | 一种复合菌制剂及其应用 | |
CN105533167A (zh) | 一种海藻寡糖鱼饲料添加剂 | |
Khan et al. | Supplemental effect of Porphyra spheroplasts on the growth and feed utilization of black sea bream | |
CN107981105A (zh) | 一种东风螺用复合免疫增强剂及其含有该增强剂的饲料 | |
CN107996888A (zh) | 一种克氏原螯虾成虾新型抗病添加剂及其制备方法 | |
CN109090380A (zh) | 一种用于斧文蛤浮游幼虫期营养强化的饵料配方 | |
CN109362623A (zh) | 海水鱼黑鲷网箱越冬养殖方法 | |
CN109179666A (zh) | 一种淡水小龙虾养殖营养调水剂的制备方法 | |
KR101323957B1 (ko) | 저온에서 성장 가능한 신균주 클로렐라 불가리스 및 이의 용도 | |
CN109430536A (zh) | 一种水产用的天然免疫增强剂及用途 | |
CN111728081B (zh) | 一种饲料添加剂用复合菌发酵液及其制备方法 | |
CN106689798B (zh) | 海洋合生元添加剂及其制备方法与在刺参养殖中的应用 | |
KR101323873B1 (ko) | 성장률이 우수한 나노클로롭시스 속 신균주 및 이의 용도 | |
Aslamyah et al. | Effect of fermented seaweed addition on blood glucose level, hepatosomatic index, and gastric evacuation rate of milkfish, Chanos chanos larvae | |
CN113558150A (zh) | 一种含聚谷氨酸的饲料营养剂及其应用 | |
CN111084297A (zh) | 防治梭鱼肠炎病的饲料添加剂 | |
KR20150080405A (ko) | 해삼 미생물 발효사료 및 이의 제조방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |