CN109338728A - 一种耐擦洗防霉墙纸的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐擦洗防霉墙纸的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109338728A
CN109338728A CN201811078418.9A CN201811078418A CN109338728A CN 109338728 A CN109338728 A CN 109338728A CN 201811078418 A CN201811078418 A CN 201811078418A CN 109338728 A CN109338728 A CN 109338728A
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胡次兵
周立
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Foshan Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种耐擦洗防霉墙纸的制备方法，属于墙纸领域。本发明使用多孔纤维材料作为墙纸的基底纤维，然后将基底纤维通过水刺工艺使其形成杂乱多孔的基底布，而且外层的树脂保护膜也是多孔的，这些杂乱的孔隙构成了连接墙体与室内空气的通路，墙体的潮气能够通过通路散发出去，使得耐擦洗防霉墙纸具有良好的透气性，不会使得水气在墙体与墙纸之间积聚，导致墙纸翘起影响美观，然后在其表面均匀覆盖一层纳米二氧化钛颗粒，分布在通路中的纳米二氧化钛能够对来往的水气进行光催化，阻止霉菌滋生，同时还能够对室内空气进行净化；最后通过树脂材料和海藻酸钠对墙纸进行涂覆，形成多孔的保护膜，得到耐擦洗防霉墙纸。

Description

一种耐擦洗防霉墙纸的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种耐擦洗防霉墙纸的制备方法，属于墙纸领域。
背景技术
墙纸起源于欧洲文艺复兴时期的壁画，当时是皇宫贵族专享的奢侈品，现在随着印刷技术和化工技术等的发展，印刷品逐渐取代壁画而成为现代室内装饰的一种常见的建筑装饰材料，它是以纸张、塑料或无纺布作为基材，经涂布或压延后，再经印刷、压花或发泡等工艺制成的一种墙面装饰材料。
在当前，随着人们生活水平的提高，墙纸由于具有绿色环保、豪华气派、质感柔和、色彩图案丰富、装饰效果高贵典雅等优点而越来越受到人们的青睐，尤其在一些发达国家，墙纸己经成为流行的室内装饰材料，每年都在不断的增长；而且墙纸形式多样，能够满足不同兴趣、不同爱好的人群和不同场所的装饰要求，也能够给人们舒适、放松、温馨的生活环境，如时下流行的海外剧中(如日、韩、美等电影、电视剧中)，我们可以看到其普通家庭的卧室、客厅以及酒店、宾馆、商场、医院、KTV等公共场所大多采用墙纸作为装饰材料。
目前国产墙纸主要有天然材料墙纸和纺织物墙纸两种。国内生产的天然墙纸彩用葛藤、剑麻、黄麻、莞草、莞草芯、蒲草、咸草、竹片等天然纤维为原料。纺织物墙纸以丝、羊毛、绵、麻等纤维织成面层，以纱布或纸为基材，经压合而成。现在天然材料墙墙纸和纺织物墙纸在生产原料、生产过程、产品三方面已经实现了环保要求。
由于原料的不同，墙纸的装饰效果大相径庭。天然纤维葛藤、剑麻、黄麻、蒲草、咸草、莞草、莞草芯制成的墙纸，表面立体感强，装饰效果明显，铺装在客厅会增加空间的丰富感；纺织物制成的墙纸相对细腻一些，铺装在卧室、书房会让人感到大自然的亲切与宁静。
然而现实中由于墙纸与墙体紧贴，潮湿的墙体，或者雨季时分空气潮湿时间较长时，墙纸透气性不佳，极其容易受潮变质，翘起褪色，滋生霉菌，严重影响美观。现有的防霉墙纸通常采取添加化学防霉剂的方式，生物危害性高而且效果不是很理想。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题：针对现今墙纸容易由于透气性差而导致潮气积聚，霉菌滋生的问题，提出了一种耐擦洗防霉墙纸的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
（1）将聚乳酸、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯置入二氯甲烷中，搅拌均匀，得到纺丝液；
（2）将纺丝液置入静电纺丝装置进行纺丝，干燥4h后得到多孔纳米纤维；
（3）将多孔纳米纤维机织成布，然后通过水刺工艺加固，得到纤维墙纸；
（4）取聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚和去离子水搅拌均匀，得到预处理液，将纤维墙纸置入预处理液中并浸泡30min，得到预处理纤墙纸；
（5）取纳米二氧化钛、十二烷基硫酸钠、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和去离子水混合均匀，超声30min，得到悬浮液，然后将预处理纤墙纸在悬浮液中浸泡30min，得到纤维墙纸；
（6）取聚乙烯醇和去离子水混合并加热，得到聚乙烯醇液，用0.01mol/L盐酸溶液调节聚乙烯醇液的pH至3，得到酸性液；
（7）向酸性液中滴加14mol/L甲醛溶液，然后用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8，得到反应液A；
（8）取重铬酸钾、三聚磷酸钠、磷酸三丁酯、聚丙烯酰胺和去离子水混合搅拌，得到反应液B；
（9）取水性氟碳树脂、群青、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、海藻酸钠、去离子水和反应液B，搅拌均匀，得到染色液，用醋酸溶液将染色液pH调节至6，然后对纤维墙纸进行染色，干燥后得到耐擦洗防霉墙纸。
步骤（1）所述聚乳酸、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯和二氯甲烷的质量比为2:2:1:5。
步骤（4）所述聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚和去离子水的质量比为1:20。
步骤（5）所述纳米二氧化钛、十二烷基硫酸钠、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和去离子水的质量比为5:1:1:50。
步骤（6）所述聚乙烯醇和去离子水的质量比为1:20。
步骤（7）所述酸性液和甲醛溶液的质量比为8:1。
步骤（8）所述重铬酸钾、三聚磷酸钠、磷酸三丁酯、聚丙烯酰胺和去离子水的质量比为1:2:1:1:20。
步骤（9）所述水性氟碳树脂、群青、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、海藻酸钠、去离子水和反应液B的质量比为20:2:1:2:60:20。
本发明与其他方法相比，有益技术效果是：
（1）使用多孔纤维材料作为墙纸的基底纤维，然后将基底纤维通过水刺工艺进行加固成布，然后在其表面均匀覆盖一层纳米二氧化钛颗粒，并对其进行染色，最后通过树脂材料和海藻酸钠对墙纸进行涂覆，形成多孔的保护膜，得到耐擦洗防霉墙纸；
（2）多孔的纳米纤维能够为纳米二氧化钛提供充足的附着点，水刺工艺能够在将纤维加固的同时，使其形成杂乱多孔的基底布，而且外层的树脂保护膜也是多孔的，这些杂乱的孔隙构成了连接墙体与室内空气的通路，墙体的潮气能够通过通路散发出去，使得耐擦洗防霉墙纸具有良好的透气性，不会使得水气在墙体与墙纸之间积聚，导致墙纸翘起影响美观；
（3）分布在通路中的纳米二氧化钛能够对来往的水气进行光催化，对水气中夹杂的有害物和细菌分解杀灭，阻止霉菌滋生，同时还能够对室内空气进行净化。
具体实施方式
将20~40g聚乳酸、20~40g聚碳酸酯、10~20g聚乙烯置入50~100g二氯甲烷中，搅拌均匀，得到纺丝液；将纺丝液置入静电纺丝装置进行纺丝，干燥4h后得到多孔纳米纤维；将多孔纳米纤维机织成布，然后通过水刺工艺加固，得到纤维墙纸；取1~2g聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚和20~40g去离子水搅拌均匀，得到预处理液，将纤维墙纸置入预处理液中并浸泡30min，得到预处理纤墙纸；取5~10g纳米二氧化钛、1~2g十二烷基硫酸钠、1~2g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和50~100g去离子水混合均匀，超声30min，得到悬浮液，然后将预处理纤墙纸在悬浮液中浸泡30min，得到纤维墙纸；取2~4g聚乙烯醇和40~80g去离子水混合并加热，得到聚乙烯醇液，用0.01mol/L盐酸溶液调节聚乙烯醇液的pH至3，得到酸性液；向酸性液中滴加5~10g14mol/L甲醛溶液，然后用0.1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8，得到反应液A；取1~2g重铬酸钾、2~4g三聚磷酸钠、1~2g磷酸三丁酯、1~2g聚丙烯酰胺和20~40g去离子水混合搅拌，得到反应液B；取20~40g水性氟碳树脂、2~4g群青、1~2g脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、2~4g海藻酸钠、60~120g去离子水和20~40g反应液B，搅拌均匀，得到染色液，用0.1mol/L醋酸溶液将染色液pH调节至6，然后对纤维墙纸进行染色，干燥后得到耐擦洗防霉墙纸。
将20g聚乳酸、20g聚碳酸酯、10g聚乙烯置入50g二氯甲烷中，搅拌均匀，得到纺丝液；将纺丝液置入静电纺丝装置进行纺丝，干燥4h后得到多孔纳米纤维；将多孔纳米纤维机织成布，然后通过水刺工艺加固，得到纤维墙纸；取1g聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚和20g去离子水搅拌均匀，得到预处理液，将纤维墙纸置入预处理液中并浸泡30min，得到预处理纤墙纸；取5g纳米二氧化钛、1g十二烷基硫酸钠、1g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和50g去离子水混合均匀，超声30min，得到悬浮液，然后将预处理纤墙纸在悬浮液中浸泡30min，得到纤维墙纸；取2g聚乙烯醇和40g去离子水混合并加热，得到聚乙烯醇液，用0.01mol/L盐酸溶液调节聚乙烯醇液的pH至3，得到酸性液；向酸性液中滴加5g14mol/L甲醛溶液，然后用0.1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8，得到反应液A；取1g重铬酸钾、2g三聚磷酸钠、1g磷酸三丁酯、1g聚丙烯酰胺和20g去离子水混合搅拌，得到反应液B；取20g水性氟碳树脂、2g群青、1g脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、2g海藻酸钠、60g去离子水和20g反应液B，搅拌均匀，得到染色液，用0.1mol/L醋酸溶液将染色液pH调节至6，然后对纤维墙纸进行染色，干燥后得到耐擦洗防霉墙纸。
将30g聚乳酸、30g聚碳酸酯、15g聚乙烯置入75g二氯甲烷中，搅拌均匀，得到纺丝液；将纺丝液置入静电纺丝装置进行纺丝，干燥4h后得到多孔纳米纤维；将多孔纳米纤维机织成布，然后通过水刺工艺加固，得到纤维墙纸；取1.5g聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚和30g去离子水搅拌均匀，得到预处理液，将纤维墙纸置入预处理液中并浸泡30min，得到预处理纤墙纸；取7g纳米二氧化钛、1.5g十二烷基硫酸钠、1.5g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和75g去离子水混合均匀，超声30min，得到悬浮液，然后将预处理纤墙纸在悬浮液中浸泡30min，得到纤维墙纸；取3g聚乙烯醇和60g去离子水混合并加热，得到聚乙烯醇液，用0.01mol/L盐酸溶液调节聚乙烯醇液的pH至3，得到酸性液；向酸性液中滴加7g14mol/L甲醛溶液，然后用0.1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8，得到反应液A；取1.5g重铬酸钾、3g三聚磷酸钠、1.5g磷酸三丁酯、1.5g聚丙烯酰胺和30g去离子水混合搅拌，得到反应液B；取30g水性氟碳树脂、3g群青、1.5g脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、3g海藻酸钠、80g去离子水和30g反应液B，搅拌均匀，得到染色液，用0.1mol/L醋酸溶液将染色液pH调节至6，然后对纤维墙纸进行染色，干燥后得到耐擦洗防霉墙纸。
将40g聚乳酸、40g聚碳酸酯、20g聚乙烯置入100g二氯甲烷中，搅拌均匀，得到纺丝液；将纺丝液置入静电纺丝装置进行纺丝，干燥4h后得到多孔纳米纤维；将多孔纳米纤维机织成布，然后通过水刺工艺加固，得到纤维墙纸；取2g聚氧
乙烯辛基苯酚醚和40g去离子水搅拌均匀，得到预处理液，将纤维墙纸置入预处理液中并浸泡30min，得到预处理纤墙纸；取10g纳米二氧化钛、2g十二烷基硫酸钠、2g乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和100g去离子水混合均匀，超声30min，得到悬浮液，然后将预处理纤墙纸在悬浮液中浸泡30min，得到纤维墙纸；取4g聚乙烯醇和80g去离子水混合并加热，得到聚乙烯醇液，用0.01mol/L盐酸溶液调节聚乙烯醇液的pH至3，得到酸性液；向酸性液中滴加10g14mol/L甲醛溶液，然后用0.1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8，得到反应液A；取2g重铬酸钾、4g三聚磷酸钠、2g磷酸三丁酯、2g聚丙烯酰胺和40g去离子水混合搅拌，得到反应液B；取40g水性氟碳树脂、4g群青、2g脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、4g海藻酸钠、120g去离子水和40g反应液B，搅拌均匀，得到染色液，用0.1mol/L醋酸溶液将染色液pH调节至6，然后对纤维墙纸进行染色，干燥后得到耐擦洗防霉墙纸。取本发明制备的耐擦洗防霉墙纸及现有墙纸进行检测，具体检测结果如下表表1：
检测方法：按照GB/T 3920-2008《纺织品 色牢度试验 耐摩擦色牢度》测定，色牢度评级按GB/T 251-2008《纺织品 色牢度试验 评定沾色用灰色样卡》进行评定，以等级最低者为最终试验结果。
表1耐擦洗防霉墙纸性能表征
由表1可知本发明制备的耐擦洗防霉墙纸，耐磨擦能力和可洗性都很强，具有广阔的市场价值和应用前景。

Claims (8)

1.一种耐擦洗抗菌墙纸的制备方法，其特征在于，具体制作步骤为：
（1）将聚乳酸、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯置入二氯甲烷中，搅拌均匀，得到纺丝液；
（2）将纺丝液置入静电纺丝装置进行纺丝，干燥4h后得到多孔纳米纤维；
（3）将多孔纳米纤维机织成布，然后通过水刺工艺加固，得到纤维墙纸；
（4）取聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚和去离子水搅拌均匀，得到预处理液，将纤维墙纸置入预处理液中并浸泡30min，得到预处理纤墙纸；
（5）取纳米二氧化钛、十二烷基硫酸钠、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和去离子水混合均匀，超声30min，得到悬浮液，然后将预处理纤墙纸在悬浮液中浸泡30min，得到纤维墙纸；
（6）取聚乙烯醇和去离子水混合并加热，得到聚乙烯醇液，用0.01mol/L盐酸溶液调节聚乙烯醇液的pH至3，得到酸性液；
（7）向酸性液中滴加14mol/L甲醛溶液，然后用氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至8，得到反应液A；
（8）取重铬酸钾、三聚磷酸钠、磷酸三丁酯、聚丙烯酰胺和去离子水混合搅拌，得到反应液B；
（9）取水性氟碳树脂、群青、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、海藻酸钠、去离子水和反应液B，搅拌均匀，得到染色液，用醋酸溶液将染色液pH调节至6，然后对纤维墙纸进行染色，干燥后得到耐擦洗抗菌墙纸。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种耐擦洗抗菌墙纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）所述聚乳酸、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯和二氯甲烷的质量比为2:2:1:5。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种耐擦洗抗菌墙纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（4）所述聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚和去离子水的质量比为1:20。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种耐擦洗抗菌墙纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（5）所述纳米二氧化钛、十二烷基硫酸钠、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和去离子水的质量比为5:1:1:50。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种耐擦洗抗菌墙纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（6）所述聚乙烯醇和去离子水的质量比为1:20。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种耐擦洗抗菌墙纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（7）所述酸性液和甲醛溶液的质量比为8:1。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种耐擦洗抗菌墙纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（8）所述重铬酸钾、三聚磷酸钠、磷酸三丁酯、聚丙烯酰胺和去离子水的质量比为1:2:1:1:20。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种耐擦洗抗菌墙纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（9）所述水性氟碳树脂、群青、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、海藻酸钠、去离子水和反应液B的质量比为20:2:1:2:60:20。
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