CN109302146A - A kind of transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator - Google Patents
A kind of transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator Download PDFInfo
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- CN109302146A CN109302146A CN201811347522.3A CN201811347522A CN109302146A CN 109302146 A CN109302146 A CN 109302146A CN 201811347522 A CN201811347522 A CN 201811347522A CN 109302146 A CN109302146 A CN 109302146A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1228—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device the amplifier comprising one or more field effect transistors
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator.The transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator includes: the first voltage controlled oscillator, the second voltage controlled oscillator, first voltage controlled oscillator is associated with by the primary coil for four transformers being connected in its circuit with secondary coil with second voltage controlled oscillator, realizes orthogonal four phase signals output.The present invention uses passive transformer coupled technology, both extra electric current will not be consumed, output voltage swing space will not be sacrificed, due to not introducing additional parasitic capacitance, so frequency tuning range will not be affected, it is very suitable to current low-voltage, low-power consumption, high performance development trend.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technology field of voltage-controlled oscillator, and in particular to a kind of transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator.
Background technique
As Mobile Communication Chip is towards low cost, low-power consumption, the development in small size direction, mirror image inhibits, Low Medium Frequency and
Zero-intermediate-frequency architecture is more and more used by rf chip, and therefore, high-precision I/Q quadrature oscillator more seems heavy
It wants.
Realize the i/q signal of orthogonal four phase, there are many methods, such as: SCL frequency-halving circuit, RC-RC phase shifter, ring
Shape oscillator and active transistor injection circuit and passive coupling circuit.
SCL frequency-halving circuit, needs work at doubled frequency, therefore the power consumption generated is larger.RC-RC phase shifter technology
The shortcomings that be passive network generate signal decaying and R/C value due to technique deviation bring i/q signal phase and amplitude
It mismatches.The ring oscillator of even level can directly generate orthogonal signalling, but phase noise is too big, limit it in product
And application.
Transistor injects oscillator due to its outstanding phase noise, biggish tuning range, is applied by Product-level
Favor.Implementation method is that two identical voltage controlled oscillators (VCO) are injected by transistor and coupled, and four are exported
The circuit node of signal is clamped down on by force in tetra- phases of I+, I-, Q+ and Q-.Transistor injection is coupled with two ways: parallel
And tandem.
Fig. 1 is a kind of composition schematic diagram of traditional parallel transistor injection quadrature oscillator.As shown in Figure 1, in parallel
There are two disadvantages for formula transistor injecting structure: the additional electric current of the transistor dissipation of 1. injections in parallel generates additional power consumption；
2. four nodes that transistor in parallel is exported in signal, generate parasitic capacitance, these parasitic capacitances will limit voltage controlled oscillator
Frequency tuning range.
In order to overcome the congenital defect of parallel structure, people have also been proposed a kind of new tandem transistor injection knot
Structure.Fig. 2 is a kind of composition schematic diagram of traditional tandem transistor injection quadrature oscillator.As shown in Fig. 2, this method uses
Transistor superimposing technique generates orthogonal four phase in the transistor for generating negative resistance to an electric current injection transistor is superimposed again above
Position signal output.Two defects of the parallel structure that the structure of this tandem avoids, as soon as but introduce a new problem,
It is the superposition due to transistor, needs to consume extra pressure drop, is reduced in the output voltage swing that signal output node generates, it is right
Late-class circuit module, such as the driving voltage of frequency mixer reduce, and gain reduction, noise coefficient increase etc. can be caused to late-class circuit
Problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the embodiment of the present invention is quasi- to provide a kind of new transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrators, comprising: the first voltage controlled oscillator,
Second voltage controlled oscillator, first voltage controlled oscillator and second voltage controlled oscillator are by be connected in its circuit four
The primary coil of transformer is associated with secondary coil, realizes orthogonal four phase signals output.
Further, first voltage controlled oscillator includes: the first transformer, and one end connects power supply；First
Transistor, drain electrode connect the other end of first transformer；Third transformer, one end connection described in
Power supply；Third transistor, drain electrode connect the other end of the third transformer；Second transformer secondary coil, one
End connects the drain electrode of the first transistor；The other end connects the grid of the third transistor；4th transformer secondary coil,
One end connects the drain electrode of the third transistor；The other end connects the grid of the first transistor；First capacitor device, one end connect
Connect the drain electrode in the first transistor, other end connection control voltage；First capacitor device, one end are connected to the first crystal
The drain electrode of pipe, the other end connect the control voltage；First current source, one end connect the source level of the first transistor and described
The source electrode of third transistor, the other end connect power ground.
Further, second voltage controlled oscillator includes: the second transformer, and one end connects power supply；Second
Transistor, drain electrode connect the other end of second transformer；4th transformer, one end connection described in
Power supply；4th transistor, drain electrode connect the other end of the 4th transformer；Third transformer secondary coil, one
End connects the drain electrode of the second transistor；The other end connects the grid of the 4th transistor；First transformer secondary coil,
One end connects the drain electrode of the 4th transistor；The other end connects the grid of the second transistor；Third capacitor, one end connect
Connect the drain electrode in the second transistor, other end connection control voltage；4th capacitor, one end are connected to the 4th crystal
The drain electrode of pipe, the other end connect the control voltage；Second current source, one end connect the source level of the second transistor and described
The source electrode of 4th transistor, the other end connect power ground.
Further, the first transistor, the second transistor, the third transistor, the 4th transistor
It is NMOS tube.
Further, the first capacitor device, the second capacitor, third capacitor, the 4th capacitor include fixed capacity
Device or variodenser.
Further, the first capacitor device, the second capacitor, third capacitor, the capacitance of the 4th capacitor are equal.
Further, the capacitance of the variodenser is changed based on the control for controlling voltage, carries out output signal
Frequency modulation(PFM).
Further, the primary coil of the transformer and the capacitor resonant tank.
Further, the voltage that can change the transistor gate of its connection by changing the coefficient of coup of the transformer
Phase and amplitude.
Further, pass through coupling of the coil than can change the transformer with laminated construction of the change transformer
Coefficient.
The transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator of one kind provided in an embodiment of the present invention, using passive transformer coupled
Technology will not both consume extra electric current, will not sacrifice output voltage swing space, due to not having to introduce additional parasitism electricity
Hold, so frequency tuning range will not be affected, is very suitable to current low-voltage, low-power consumption, high performance development become
Gesture.
Detailed description of the invention
To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of composition schematic diagram of traditional parallel transistor injection quadrature oscillator；
Fig. 2 is a kind of composition schematic diagram of traditional tandem transistor injection quadrature oscillator；
Fig. 3 is a kind of composition schematic diagram for transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 4 is a kind of circuit model for transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 5 is the transistor gate voltage polar plot of the circuit model of Fig. 4.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below with reference to drawings and examples,
The specific embodiment progress of technical solution of the present invention in further detail, is clearly illustrated.However, specific implementations described below
Mode and embodiment are for illustrative purposes only, rather than limiting the invention.It only contains a part of the invention and implements
Example, instead of all the embodiments, the other embodiments that those skilled in the art obtain various change of the invention all belong to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Although it should be understood that the first, second, third, etc. term can be used in this article be used to describe various elements or
Component, but these elements or component should not be limited by these terms.These terms only to distinguish an element or component with
Another element or component.Therefore, the first element or component of following the discussion, holds within the present invention not departing from, is referred to alternatively as
Second element or the second component.
Fig. 3 is a kind of composition schematic diagram for transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator that one embodiment of the invention provides.
The transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator includes the first voltage controlled oscillator, the second voltage controlled oscillator, the first voltage controlled oscillator
It is associated with the second voltage controlled oscillator by the primary coil and secondary coil for four transformers being connected in its circuit,
Realize orthogonal four phase signals output (I+, I-, Q+, Q-).
First voltage controlled oscillator includes: the first transformer T1, p, the first transistor M1, third primary
Coil T3, p, third transistor M3, the second transformer secondary coil T2, s, the 4th transformer secondary coil T4, s, first capacitor
Device C1, the second capacitor C2.
One end of first transformer T1, p connects power supply, at the beginning of the drain electrode of the first transistor connects the first transformer
The other end of grade coil T1, p.One end of third transformer T3, p connect power supply, and the drain electrode of third transistor M3 connects
Connect the other end of third transformer T3, p.One end of second transformer secondary coil T2, s connects the first transistor M1
Drain electrode；The grid of other end connection third transistor M3.One end of 4th transformer secondary coil T4, s connect third crystal
The drain electrode of pipe M3；The grid of other end connection the first transistor M1.One end of first capacitor device C1 is connected to the first transistor M1
Drain electrode, the other end connection control voltage Vct；One end of second capacitor C2 is connected to the drain electrode of third transistor M3, another
End connection control voltage Vct.The source level of one end connection the first transistor M1 of first current source Is1 and the source of third transistor M3
Pole, the other end connect power ground.
Second voltage controlled oscillator includes: the second transformer T2, p, second transistor M2, the 4th primary
Coil T4, p, the 4th transistor M4, the first transformer secondary coil T1, s, third transformer secondary coil T3, s, third capacitor
Device C3, the 4th capacitor C4.
One end of second transformer T2, p connects power supply, and the drain electrode of second transistor M2 connects the second transformer
The other end of primary coil T2, p.One end of 4th transformer T4, p connect power supply, the drain electrode of the 4th transistor M4
Connect the 4th transformer T4, the other end of p.One end of third transformer secondary coil T3, s connect second transistor
The drain electrode of M2, the other end connect the grid of the 4th transistor M4.One end connection the 4th of first transformer secondary coil T1, s is brilliant
The drain electrode of body pipe M4, the other end connect the grid of second transistor M2.One end of third capacitor C3 is connected to second transistor
The drain electrode of M2, other end connection control voltage Vct.One end of 4th capacitor C4 is connected to the drain electrode of the 4th transistor M4, separately
One end connection control voltage Vct.The source level and the 4th transistor M4 of one end connection second transistor M2 of the second current source Is2
Source electrode, the other end connect power ground.
The first transistor M1, second transistor M2, third transistor M3, the 4th transistor M4 are NMOS tube.
First capacitor device C1, the second capacitor C2, third capacitor C3, the 4th capacitor C4 include fixed capacitor or change
Container.First capacitor device C1, the second capacitor C2, third capacitor C3, the capacitance of the 4th capacitor C4 are equal.
The transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator uses two identical voltage controlled oscillators and four transformers
Come realize four phases signal output, injected using phase coupling estimation, pressure two groups of phases are clamped down on mutually, be locked in four phases
Position.When four capacitor selection variodensers, the capacitance of variodenser is changed based on the control of control voltage Vct, for realizing
Frequency tuning carries out the frequency modulation(PFM) of output signal.Generation and electric current of the four NMOS transistors for negative resistance are heavy.Four transformations
The primary coil (T1, p, T2, p, T3, p and T4, p) of device, while inductance and capacitor resonant tank as oscillator, transformer
Secondary coil (T1, s, T2, s, T3, s and T4, s) be series at the transistor gate of another transistors cross couple pair.
Fig. 4 is a kind of circuit model for transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator that one embodiment of the invention provides.
As shown in figure 4, wherein Rp is the equivalent parallel resistance of oscillator ,-Gm, M1~-Gm, M4 is NMOS cross-coupled pair
The negative transconductance of generation, the negative resistance (negative transconductance) compensate for the equivalent parasitic resistance Rp of LC tank network, which are continued
DC electric current is constantly converted into RF oscillator signal, the signal that RF oscillation generates passes through the frequency-selecting of LC tank, exports us and wish
The frequency of prestige.Wherein, T1, p and-Gm, M2 coupling, T2, p and-Gm, M3 coupling, T3, p and-Gm, M4 coupling, T4, p and-Gm, M1
Coupling.
Fig. 5 is the transistor gate voltage polar plot of the circuit model of Fig. 4.
As shown in figure 5, Q+ signal by it is transformer coupled arrive transistor M1 gate electrodes, and with I+ Signal averaging.Crystal
Pipe drain voltage polar plotTransformer coupled signalAnd the new polar plot generated after couplingCouple it
The phase of grid voltage polar plot afterwardsAnd amplitudeThe coefficient of coup depending on transformer.By changing transformer
The coefficient of coup of the coil than can change transformer with laminated construction.The coefficient of coup by changing transformer can change its company
The phase and amplitude of the voltage of the transistor gate connect.
By optimizing coil ratio, the laminated construction of transformer, optimal stiffness of coupling can be designed, maximum tuning model is reached
It encloses, minimum phase noise.
It should be noted that each embodiment above by reference to described in attached drawing is only to illustrate the present invention rather than limits this
The range of invention, those skilled in the art should understand that, it is right under the premise without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
The modification or equivalent replacement that the present invention carries out, should all cover within the scope of the present invention.In addition, signified unless the context
Outside, the word occurred in the singular includes plural form, and vice versa.In addition, unless stated otherwise, then any embodiment
All or part of in combination with any other embodiment all or part of come using.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator, comprising: the first voltage controlled oscillator, the second voltage controlled oscillator, it is described
First voltage controlled oscillator and second voltage controlled oscillator by the primary coil of four transformers that is connected in its circuit and
Orthogonal four phase signals output is realized in secondary coil association.
2. orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator according to claim 1, wherein first voltage controlled oscillator includes:
First transformer, one end connect power supply；
The first transistor, drain electrode connect the other end of first transformer；
Third transformer, one end connect the power supply；
Third transistor, drain electrode connect the other end of the third transformer；
Second transformer secondary coil, one end connect the drain electrode of the first transistor；The other end connects the third transistor
Grid；
4th transformer secondary coil, one end connect the drain electrode of the third transistor；The other end connects the first transistor
Grid；
First capacitor device, one end are connected to the drain electrode of the first transistor, other end connection control voltage；
First capacitor device, one end are connected to the drain electrode of the first transistor, and the other end connects the control voltage；
First current source, one end connect the source level of the first transistor and the source electrode of the third transistor, other end connection
Power ground.
3. orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator according to claim 2, wherein second voltage controlled oscillator includes:
Second transformer, one end connect power supply；
Second transistor, drain electrode connect the other end of second transformer；
4th transformer, one end connect the power supply；
4th transistor, drain electrode connect the other end of the 4th transformer；
Third transformer secondary coil, one end connect the drain electrode of the second transistor；The other end connects the 4th transistor
Grid；
First transformer secondary coil, one end connect the drain electrode of the 4th transistor；The other end connects the second transistor
Grid；
Third capacitor, one end are connected to the drain electrode of the second transistor, other end connection control voltage；
4th capacitor, one end are connected to the drain electrode of the 4th transistor, and the other end connects the control voltage；
Second current source, one end connect the source level of the second transistor and the source electrode of the 4th transistor, other end connection
Power ground.
4. orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator according to claim 3, wherein the first transistor, the second transistor, institute
State third transistor, the 4th transistor is NMOS tube.
5. orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator according to claim 4, wherein the first capacitor device, the second capacitor, third electricity
Container, the 4th capacitor include fixed capacitor or variodenser.
6. orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator according to claim 5, wherein the first capacitor device, the second capacitor, third electricity
Container, the capacitance of the 4th capacitor are equal.
7. orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator according to claim 6, wherein the capacitance of the variodenser is based on the control electricity
The control of pressure and change, carry out the frequency modulation(PFM) of output signal.
8. orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator according to claim 7, wherein the primary coil of the transformer and the capacitor
Resonance.
9. orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator according to claim 8, wherein the coefficient of coup by changing the transformer can be with
Change the phase and amplitude of the voltage of the transistor gate of its connection.
10. orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator according to claim 9, wherein by changing the coil ratio of the transformer and folding
Layer structure can change the coefficient of coup of the transformer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811347522.3A CN109302146A (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | A kind of transformer coupled orthogonal voltage-controlled vibrator |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110380707A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江大学 | A kind of on piece Vector Modulation phase shifter |
| CN111969953A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-20 | 华南理工大学 | Low-power-consumption oscillator based on transformer resonator |
| CN112054769A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-08 | 台湾积体电路制造股份有限公司 | Voltage controlled oscillator |
| CN112165303A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Broadband quadrature phase generation network based on stacked transformer |
| CN113037217A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 南京邮电大学 | 10MHZ crystal oscillator working at ultra-low phase noise |
-
2018
- 2018-11-13 CN CN201811347522.3A patent/CN109302146A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Y. . -H. CHUANG, S. . -H. LEE, R. . -H. YEN, S. . -L. JANG AND M. . -H. JUANG: "A Low-Voltage Quadrature CMOS VCO Based on Voltage-Voltage Feedback Topology", IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS, pages 696 - 698 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112054769A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-08 | 台湾积体电路制造股份有限公司 | Voltage controlled oscillator |
| CN112054769B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2024-05-28 | 台湾积体电路制造股份有限公司 | Voltage controlled oscillator, differential oscillator, band-pass filter and method for generating oscillation signal |
| CN110380707A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江大学 | A kind of on piece Vector Modulation phase shifter |
| CN111969953A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-20 | 华南理工大学 | Low-power-consumption oscillator based on transformer resonator |
| CN112165303A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Broadband quadrature phase generation network based on stacked transformer |
| CN113037217A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 南京邮电大学 | 10MHZ crystal oscillator working at ultra-low phase noise |
| CN113037217B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-11-08 | 南京邮电大学 | 10MHZ crystal oscillator working at ultra-low phase noise |
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