CN109292868A - Solar energy distillation device - Google Patents
Solar energy distillation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109292868A CN109292868A CN201811107648.3A CN201811107648A CN109292868A CN 109292868 A CN109292868 A CN 109292868A CN 201811107648 A CN201811107648 A CN 201811107648A CN 109292868 A CN109292868 A CN 109292868A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- photothermal conversion
- solar energy
- distillation device
- liquid
- condensation
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
The application provides a kind of solar energy distillation device.The solar energy distillation device includes liquid containing structure, photothermal conversion structure, condensation structure and liquid collection structure.The liquid containing structure includes a receiving cavity.The receiving cavity is for holding liquid to be distilled.The photothermal conversion structure setting is in the liquid containing mechanism.The photothermal conversion structure is multi-layer helical cone structure.The photothermal conversion structure includes permeable base layer and the optothermal material layer that is stacked with the permeable base layer.The liquid heating evaporation steam to be distilled that the optothermal material layer absorbs the permeable base layer to absorb luminous energy.The condensation structure is set on the steam flow direction, the steam is condensed into distilled water.The liquid collection structure is disposed adjacent with the condensation structure.The liquid collection structure is to collect the distilled water.
Description
Technical field
This application involves photothermal conversion field more particularly to a kind of solar energy distillation devices.
Background technique
With the development of economy, water pollution is got worse.Shortage of fresh water has become global most stern challenge at present
One of.Sea water desalination obtains the concern of people as a kind of cleaning, the sustainable mode for obtaining fresh water.It is direct using solar energy
Evaporation seawater is a kind of method of effective seawater desalination desalination, and this method does not need additional energy resource supply, meets energy conservation
Emission reduction, sustainable development requirement.
But in traditional water distillation, since sunlight cannot be fully absorbed and photothermal conversion structure by photothermal conversion structure
There are certain thermal loss, therefore photothermal conversion efficiency and vapor generation rate are generally lower.
Summary of the invention
Based on the above, providing a kind of sun it is necessary to the problem low for photothermal conversion efficiency and vapor generation rate
It can distilling apparatus.
The application provides a kind of solar energy distillation device.The solar energy distillation device includes liquid containing structure, photo-thermal
Transferring structure, condensation structure and liquid collection structure.The liquid containing structure includes a receiving cavity.The receiving cavity is used
In holding liquid to be distilled.The photothermal conversion structure setting is in the liquid containing mechanism.The photothermal conversion structure is
Multi-layer helical cone structure.The photothermal conversion structure includes permeable base layer and is stacked with the permeable base layer
Optothermal material layer.The liquid to be distilled that the optothermal material layer absorbs the permeable base layer to absorb luminous energy
Body heating evaporation is steam.The condensation structure is set on the steam flow direction, the steam is condensed into steaming
Distilled water.The liquid collection structure is disposed adjacent with the condensation structure.The liquid collection structure is to collect the distillation
Water.
The cone apex angle of the photothermal conversion structure 20 is 30 ° -150 ° in one of the embodiments,.
The cone apex angle of the photothermal conversion structure is 90 ° in one of the embodiments,.
The vertical height of the photothermal conversion structure is 2cm-8cm in one of the embodiments,
The optothermal material layer is that graphite, ink powder, graphene, graphene oxide or carbon are received in one of the embodiments,
One of mitron.
The permeable base layer is non-woven fabrics in one of the embodiments,.
The optothermal material layer is layer of toner in one of the embodiments,.
In one of the embodiments, the optothermal material layer with a thickness of 10 μm -300 μm.
The photothermal conversion structure setting is in the condensation structure and the liquid containing knot in one of the embodiments,
In the cavity that structure surrounds.
The solar energy distillation device further includes annular groove in one of the embodiments, the annular groove setting
In the bottom of the condensation structure, to collect the liquid formed after condensation structure condensation.
In solar energy distillation device provided by the present application, under the conditions of solar irradiation, in the photothermal conversion structure
The optothermal material layer will absorb luminous energy and be converted to thermal energy, so as to be absorbed by the permeable base layer
The liquid heating to be distilled, makes its evaporation form steam.It is more since the photothermal conversion structure is multi-layer helical cone structure
The photothermal conversion structure of layer screw cone structure has more water service duct, can supply in this way to the optothermal material layer
More water to be distilled are answered, so as to improve the evaporation efficiency of the water to be distilled.In addition, the photothermal conversion structure
Surface temperature be lower than the liquid to be distilled temperature.The heat radiation due to caused by temperature and convection losses can be pressed down in this way
System.There is also photothermal conversion structure-air-liquid to be distilled knots for the photothermal conversion structure of multi-layer helical cone structure
Structure, therefore inside can have reverse heat transfer, to have preferable evaporation effect.The light of multi-layer helical cone structure
The surface temperature of hot-cast socket structure is lower than ambient temperature, and the energy of such external environment can be by heat transfer by multilayer spiral shell
The photothermal conversion structure of spiral cone structure absorbs, so that extraneous energy supply is achieved over, so as to further mention
High water vapor generation rate and solar energy conversion efficiency.A large amount of water to be distilled will be had in this way in the photothermal conversion structure
Steam is evaporated under effect, for a large amount of steam on the condensation structure, cooling is condensed into distilled water, is then collected by the liquid
Structure is collected, to realize the purification to the water to be distilled, collect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the solar energy distillation device structural schematic diagram that one embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view for the photothermal conversion structure that one embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 3 is the top view for the photothermal conversion structure that one embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 4 is the evaporated quantity of water comparison diagram of the photothermal conversion structure for the different angle that one embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 5 is that the evaporation rate for the photothermal conversion structure that one embodiment of the application provides is illustrated with the variation of cycle-index
Figure；
Fig. 6 is the low power scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph for the photothermal conversion structure that one embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 7 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph for the photothermal conversion structural section that one embodiment of the application provides.
Description of symbols
10: liquid containing structure
11: receiving cavity
20: photothermal conversion structure
21: permeable base layer
22: optothermal material layer
30: condensation structure
40: liquid collection structure
50: annular groove
100: solar energy distillation device
Specific embodiment
In order to which the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the application are more clearly understood, by the following examples, and combine attached
Figure, is further elaborated the solar energy distillation device of the application.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein
Only to explain the application, it is not used to limit the application.
Attached drawing 1-3 is referred to, the application provides a kind of solar energy distillation device 100.The solar energy distillation device 100 wraps
Include liquid containing structure 10, photothermal conversion structure 20, condensation structure 30 and liquid collection structure 40.The liquid containing structure 10
Including a receiving cavity 11.The receiving cavity 11 is for holding liquid to be distilled.The photothermal conversion structure 20 is set to institute
It states in liquid containing mechanism 10.The photothermal conversion structure 10 is multi-layer helical cone structure.The photothermal conversion structure 20 is wrapped
The optothermal material layer 22 for including permeable base layer 21 and being stacked with the permeable base layer 21.The optothermal material layer 22
It is set to the outer surface of the photothermal conversion structure of the multi layer spiral structure, makes the permeable base to absorb luminous energy
The liquid heating evaporation to be distilled that body layer 21 absorbs is steam.The condensation structure 30 is set to the steam flow direction
On, the steam is condensed into distilled water.The liquid collection structure 40 is disposed adjacent with the condensation structure 30.It is described
Liquid collection structure 40 is to collect the distilled water.
The optothermal material layer 22 can be metal nanoparticle, aeroge and carbon-based material, it is not limited here.Institute
Stating permeable base layer 21 can be hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile, hydrophilic porous paper, polystyrene foam, Kynoar and poly- ammonia
Ester foam etc., it is not limited here.
In the present embodiment, liquid to be distilled can be absorbed in the permeable base layer 21.Under the conditions of solar irradiation, institute
The optothermal material layer 22 stated in photothermal conversion structure 20 will absorb luminous energy and be converted to thermal energy, so as to will be by institute
The liquid heating to be distilled that permeable base layer 21 is absorbed is stated, its evaporation is made to form steam.Due to the photothermal conversion
Structure 20 is multi-layer helical cone structure, and the photothermal conversion structure 20 of multi-layer helical cone structure has the supply of more water logical
Road can supply more water to be distilled, to the optothermal material layer 22 in this way so as to improve the water to be distilled
Evaporation efficiency.In addition, the surface temperature of the photothermal conversion structure 20 is lower than the temperature of the liquid to be distilled.In this way due to
Heat radiation caused by temperature and convection losses can be suppressed.The photothermal conversion structure 20 of multi-layer helical cone structure there is also
Photothermal conversion structure-air-liquid to be distilled structure, therefore inside can have reverse heat transfer, to have preferable
Evaporation effect.The surface temperature of the photothermal conversion structure 20 of multi-layer helical cone structure is lower than ambient temperature, in this way
The energy of external environment can be absorbed by heat transfer by the photothermal conversion structure 20 of multi-layer helical cone structure, thus real
It is more than now extraneous energy supply, so as to further increase vapor generation rate and solar energy conversion efficiency.In this way will
There are a large amount of water to be distilled to be evaporated to steam under the action of the photothermal conversion structure, a large amount of steam are in the condensation structure
On 30, cooling is condensed into distilled water, is then collected by the liquid collection structure 40, to realize to the water to be distilled
Purification is collected.
In one embodiment, the cone apex angle of the photothermal conversion structure 20 is 30 ° -150 °.
The photothermal conversion structure 20 is multi-layer helical cone structure.The cone apex angle angle of the multi-layer helical cone structure
Degree is the cone apex angle of the photothermal conversion structure.With the reduction of the cone apex angle, the light of the photothermal conversion structure 20
Product of showing up is gradually increased.When the angle of the multi-layer helical cone structure is 30 ° -150 °, the photothermal conversion structure 20 has
Biggish illuminating area.Moreover, when the angle of the multi-layer helical cone structure is 30 ° -150 °, the photothermal conversion
The vertical height size of structure 20 is conducive to supply of the transfusion fluid to be passed to the optothermal material layer 22, can guarantee in this way
There is the timely supply of sufficient liquid to be distilled.In addition, the angle of the multi-layer helical cone structure can be with when being 30 ° -150 °
The angle too small of the multi-layer helical cone structure is avoided to cause transmission excessive height, the solar energy distillation device 100 described in this way
Height it is also higher, biggish space may be occupied in practical applications, brought using upper inconvenience.
In one embodiment, the cone apex angle of the photothermal conversion structure is 90 °.
With the reduction of the cone apex angle, the illuminating area of the photothermal conversion structure 20 is gradually increased.When described more
The photothermal conversion structure 20 not only has biggish illuminating area when the angle of layer screw cone structure is 90 °, but also described
The vertical height size of photothermal conversion structure 20 is conducive to supply of the transfusion fluid to be passed to the optothermal material layer 22, in this way
It can guarantee the timely supply for having sufficient liquid to be distilled.The photothermal conversion structure 20 described so not only has biggish illumination
Area but also can be the permeable base layer 21 supply moisture in time, the photothermal conversion structure 50 of different angle
Evaporated quantity of water comparison diagram is as shown in Fig. 4, and the liquid to be distilled has biggish evaporation in the photothermal conversion structure 20
Rate, and there is maximum water evaporation rate when cone apex angle is 90 °.
In one embodiment, the vertical height of the photothermal conversion structure is 2cm-8cm.
It in the present embodiment, can be to avoid the photo-thermal when vertical height of the photothermal conversion structure 20 is 2cm-8cm
Moisture caused by the vertical height of transferring structure 20 is excessive cannot supply in time and reduce the water evaporation effect of the photothermal conversion structure
Rate.
In one embodiment, the optothermal material layer 22 is graphite, ink powder, graphene, graphene oxide or carbon nanometer
One of pipe.
Photothermal conversion refers to that the energy that sunlight is radiated by reflection, absorption or other modes is put together, then
It is converted into the process of high enough temp, effectively to meet the requirement of different loads.The optothermal material layer 22 includes graphite, ink
One of powder, graphene, graphene oxide or carbon nanotube.The performance of the optothermal material layer 22 can in this way stablized,
It is not easily susceptible to the influence of external environment.
In one embodiment, the permeable base layer 21 is non-woven fabrics.
In one embodiment, the permeable base layer 21 is non-woven fabrics.The non-woven fabrics has preferable water imbibition,
And it is still able to maintain stable structure when soaking completely, the multiple circulation of the photothermal conversion structure 20 may be implemented in this way
It uses.In addition, the Non-woven fabrics like a kind of multifilament paper, are easier to be printed upon ink powder using laser printer in this way
Face, so as to realize the mass production of the permeable base layer 21, so as to improve the photothermal conversion structure 20
Preparation efficiency.
In one embodiment, optothermal material layer 22 is layer of toner.
The main component of ink powder (also known as carbon dust) is made of resin and carbon black, charge agent, magnetic powder etc..In the present embodiment
In, the optothermal material layer 22 is layer of toner.The layer of toner converts light energy into thermal energy for absorbing luminous energy.Work as use
When the layer of toner is as optothermal material layer 22, ink powder can be made to be attached to by modes such as laser printing, chemical deposition, sprayings
The surface of the permeable base layer 21, herein preferred laser printing.Ink powder is printed upon using the method for laser printing described
When permeable 21 surface of base layer forms layer of toner, such operating process is simple and is easily achieved industrialization preparation.In addition,
When using ink powder as optothermal material layer 22, the ink powder can firmly be incorporated into the permeable base layer 21, pass through
Repeatedly test after stable structure can still be maintained, find no it is any fall off, with the layer of toner as optothermal material layer
When 22, evaporation rate of the liquid to be distilled on 20 surface of photothermal conversion structure is as shown in Fig. 5 with the variation of cycle-index, from
It can be seen that the increase with cycle-index in figure, water evaporation efficiency is almost unchanged, it is seen that the knot of the photothermal conversion structure 20
Structure is more stable, can recycle.
Refer to attached drawing 6,7, in one embodiment, the optothermal material layer 22 with a thickness of 10 μm -300 μm.
In the present embodiment, the optothermal material layer 22 with a thickness of 10 μm -300 μm.The optothermal material layer 22 described in this way
Carbon dust can be uniformly distributed in the permeable base layer 21 as far as possible, to keep the surface of the permeable base layer 21 flat
It is whole.The thickness of the optothermal material layer 22 can not be excessive, the excessive hole blocking that will lead to the permeable base layer 21, shadow
Xiangshui County's transport.On the one hand the thickness of the optothermal material layer 22 can guarantee enough light absorptions, simultaneously in 10 μm -300 μm
Water transport is not influenced again, preferable water evaporation effect may be implemented in this way.
In one embodiment, the photothermal conversion structure 20 is set to the condensation structure 30 and the liquid containing knot
In the cavity that structure 10 surrounds.
The receiving cavity of the liquid containing structure 10 is surrounded by the condensation structure 30.The liquid containing structure described in this way
All liquid to be distilled in 10 will contact the condensation after being evaporated to steam under the action of photothermal conversion structure 20
The surface of structure 30 is simultaneously condensed into liquid under the action of condensation structure 30, so as to realize subsequent process to described cold
The collection of lime set body can guarantee that all steam can be in 30 surface condensation of condensation structure so as to mentioning significantly in this way
The collection efficiency of high condensed liquid.Further, the top of the condensation structure 30 is inclined surface, in this way in the work of gravity
Under, the droplet of surrounding and top condensation liquefaction can be collected by the annular groove, then flow into the liquid again
In collection structure 40.During the solar energy distillation device 100 work, it can persistently be supplied water by water supply side.In addition, described
Solar energy distillation device 100 be in the way of natural condensation, therefore do not need it is extraneous additional energy is provided, more save
Can, while the effect for collecting condensed fluid automatically may be implemented again.
In one embodiment, the solar energy distillation device 100 further includes annular groove 50, and the annular groove 50 is set
It is placed in the bottom of the condensation structure 30, to collect the liquid formed after the condensation structure 30 condensation.
In the present embodiment, the annular groove 50 is set to the liquid containing structure 10 and the photothermal conversion structure
The surface surrounding of 20 contacts.The surrounding of the liquid containing structure 10 is surrounded by the condensation structure 30, and the annular groove
50 are set to the surrounding of the receiving cavity 11.All liquid to be distilled in the liquid containing structure 10 described in this way are in the light
The surface of the condensation structure 30 will be contacted and in the condensation structure by being evaporated to after steam under the action of thermal transition structure 20
Liquid is condensed under the action of 30.Around the condensation structure 30 and the droplet of top condensation liquefaction under gravity may be used
It to be collected by the annular groove 50, then flows into the liquid collection structure 40, can greatly improve so described again
The collection efficiency of condensed fluid.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can carry out any combination, to keep description clean and tidy, not to above-mentioned implementation
The all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example is all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not present
Contradiction all should be considered as described in this specification.
The several embodiments of the application above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
The limitation to the application the scope of the patents therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the concept of this application, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the application
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection shall be subject to the appended claims for the application patent.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of solar energy distillation device (100) characterized by comprising
Liquid containing structure (10), including a receiving cavity (11), the receiving cavity (11) is for holding liquid to be distilled；
Photothermal conversion structure (20) is set in the liquid containing mechanism (10), and the photothermal conversion structure (20) is multilayer
Screw cone structure, the photothermal conversion structure (20) include permeable base layer (21) and with the permeable base layer (21)
The optothermal material layer (22) being stacked, the optothermal material layer (22) make the permeable base layer to absorb luminous energy
(21) the liquid heating evaporation to be distilled absorbed is steam；
Condensation structure (30) is set on the steam flow direction, the steam is condensed into distilled water；
Liquid collection structure (40) is disposed adjacent, to collect the distilled water with the condensation structure (30).
2. solar energy distillation device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cone apex angle of the photothermal conversion structure is
30°-150°。
3. solar energy distillation device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the cone apex angle of the photothermal conversion structure is
90°。
4. solar energy distillation device as described in any one of claims 1-3, which is characterized in that the photothermal conversion structure is hung down
Straight height is 2cm-8cm.
5. solar energy distillation device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the optothermal material layer (22) is graphite, ink
One of powder, graphene, graphene oxide or carbon nanotube.
6. solar energy distillation device as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the permeable base layer (21) is nonwoven
Cloth.
7. such as solar energy distillation device described in claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the optothermal material layer (22) is ink powder
Layer.
8. solar energy distillation device as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the optothermal material layer (22) with a thickness of 10
μm-300μm。
9. solar energy distillation device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the photothermal conversion structure (20) is set to institute
State condensation structure (30) and cavity that the liquid containing structure (10) surrounds in.
10. solar energy distillation device as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that further include annular groove (50), the annular
Groove (50) is set to the bottom of the condensation structure (30), to collect the liquid formed after the condensation structure (30) condensation
Body.
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| CN201811107648.3A CN109292868B (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | Solar energy distillation device |
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| CN201811107648.3A CN109292868B (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | Solar energy distillation device |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110316894A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Sewage water treatment method and device based on luminous energy |
| CN112897617A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Pyramid-shaped solar photo-thermal evaporator and preparation method thereof |
| US11639297B1 (en) | 2022-10-12 | 2023-05-02 | United Arab Emirates University | Direct solar desalination system with enhanced desalination |
| US11772988B1 (en) | 2022-10-13 | 2023-10-03 | United Arab Emirates University | Solar dome desalination system with enhanced evaporation |
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