CN107338642A - A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107338642A
CN107338642A CN201710456937.3A CN201710456937A CN107338642A CN 107338642 A CN107338642 A CN 107338642A CN 201710456937 A CN201710456937 A CN 201710456937A CN 107338642 A CN107338642 A CN 107338642A
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woven cloth
desalinization
carbon material
functionalization
preparation
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CN201710456937.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李大伟
魏取福
吕鹏飞
周惠敏
汪帝
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Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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Publication of CN107338642A publication Critical patent/CN107338642A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D04H1/4258—Regenerated cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application, for the material using non-woven cloth as matrix material, area load has carbon material as absorber of light.Functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material internal chopped fiber of the present invention has core sucting action to seawater, there is provided Water Transportation passage, and pore structure therein is advantageous to vapor and passed through；Material of the present invention has good heat-insulating property, avoids the sun loss of energy, and is used as absorber of light, and the utilization rate of solar energy is higher, thus vapor generation efficiency is high；Material durable of the present invention, is readily transported；(4) preparation method cost of the present invention is low, technique is simple.

Description

A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to photothermal deformation field, is related to a kind of functional material, specially a kind of functionalization non-woven cloth seawater Desalinate material and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Scarcity of fresh water resources turns into one of this epoch global challenge.Seawater is directly evaporated using solar energy is A kind of method of effective seawater desalination desalination, and this method does not need extra energy resource supply, meet energy-saving and emission-reduction, sustainable The requirement of development, the remote districts fallen behind especially suitable for some infrastructure.
The emissivity and refractive index of seawater are all higher, it is impossible to produce vapor using solar energy well.In order to improve The utilization rate of solar energy and the generation efficiency of vapor, researcher absorb sunshine using the higher material of absorptance, then will Luminous energy is converted to heat energy and is delivered to water body generation water vapour.
Absorber of light material used in research directly swims in seawater surface at present, but due to absorber of light directly with sea Water is contacted, and without thermal insulation layer, a big chunk heat energy is directly opened by seawater transmission, it is impossible to is played the purpose of local heating, is made It is low into photo-thermal conversion efficiency.
The content of the invention
The technical problem of solution：The defects of in order to overcome prior art, photothermal deformation can efficiently be carried out by obtaining one kind, will Heat energy is delivered to the method that water body produces vapor, the invention provides a kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its Preparation method and application.
Technical scheme：A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, the material using non-woven cloth as matrix material, Area load has carbon material as absorber of light.
Preferably, the non-woven cloth is polyester, polypropylene or viscose.
Preferably, the carbon material is at least one of graphite, CNT, graphene oxide and graphene.
The preparation method of any functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, is comprised the steps of：
(1) carbon material dispersion liquid is prepared：Carbon material is scattered in deionized water, is ultrasonically treated 1~5h, obtains carbon material Dispersion liquid；
(2) functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material is prepared：By carbon material dispersion liquid made from step (1) by taking out The mode of filter, dipping or coating is fixed on substrate material surface, is made after drying.
Application of any material in desalinization.
Beneficial effect：(1) functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material internal chopped fiber of the present invention has to seawater Core sucting action, there is provided Water Transportation passage, and pore structure therein is advantageous to vapor and passed through；(2) material of the present invention With good heat-insulating property, the sun loss of energy is avoided, and is used as absorber of light, the utilization rate of solar energy is higher, thus water steams Gas generation efficiency is high；(3) material durable of the present invention, is readily transported；(4) preparation method cost of the present invention it is low, Technique is simple.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization materials application of the present invention in the schematic diagram of desalinization；
Wherein, 1 carbon material layer, 2 be base material layer, and 3 be seawater, and 4 be vapor, and 5 be the sun.
Embodiment
Following examples further illustrate present disclosure, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.Without departing substantially from In the case of spirit and essence of the invention, the modification and replacement made to the inventive method, step or condition, the present invention is belonged to Scope.Unless otherwise specified, the conventional meanses that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, the material is using non-woven cloth as matrix material, area load There is carbon material as absorber of light.
The non-woven cloth is polyester, and specification is diameter 100mm, aperture 0.08mm.
The carbon material is graphene oxide.
The preparation method of any functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, is comprised the steps of：
(1) carbon material dispersion liquid is prepared：0.6g graphene oxides are scattered in 200mL deionized waters, are ultrasonically treated 1h, Obtain carbon material dispersion liquid；
(2) functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material is prepared：Carbon material dispersion liquid 60mL made from step (1) is taken to pass through The mode of suction filtration is fixed on substrate material surface, is made after drying.It is 0.1MPa wherein to filter pressure, is done for 60 DEG C after suction filtration terminates It is dry.
Embodiment 2
A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, the material is using non-woven cloth as matrix material, area load There is carbon material as absorber of light.
The non-woven cloth is polypropylene, and specification is diameter 120mm, aperture 0.06mm.
The carbon material is graphene oxide and CNT.
The preparation method of any functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, is comprised the steps of：
(1) carbon material dispersion liquid is prepared：0.4g graphene oxides and 0.2g CNTs are scattered in 200mL deionized waters In, 1.5h is ultrasonically treated, obtains carbon material dispersion liquid；
(2) functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material is prepared：Carbon material dispersion liquid 80mL made from step (1) is taken to pass through The mode of suction filtration is fixed on substrate material surface, is made after drying.It is 0.1MPa wherein to filter pressure, is done for 60 DEG C after suction filtration terminates It is dry.
Embodiment 3
A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, the material is using non-woven cloth as matrix material, area load There is carbon material as absorber of light.
The non-woven cloth is viscose, and specification is breadth 200mm, length 800mm, aperture 0.09mm.
The carbon material is CNT.
The preparation method of any functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, is comprised the steps of：
(1) carbon material dispersion liquid is prepared：3g CNTs are scattered in 1000mL deionized waters, 5h is ultrasonically treated, obtains Obtain carbon material dispersion liquid；
(2) functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material is prepared：Carbon material dispersion liquid 500mL made from step (1) is taken to lead to The mode for crossing coating is fixed on substrate material surface, is made after drying.Wherein application rate is 8cm/s, and coating terminates latter 60 DEG C Dry.
Embodiment 4
A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, the material is using non-woven cloth as matrix material, area load There is carbon material as absorber of light.
The non-woven cloth is polypropylene, and specification is breadth 180mm, length 900mm, aperture 0.07mm.
The carbon material is CNT.
The preparation method of any functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, is comprised the steps of：
(1) carbon material dispersion liquid is prepared：By 2g CNTs and 1g graphene dispersions in 1000mL deionized waters, ultrasound 4h is handled, obtains carbon material dispersion liquid；
(2) functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material is prepared：Carbon material dispersion liquid 600mL made from step (1) is taken to lead to The mode for crossing coating is fixed on substrate material surface, is made after drying.Wherein application rate is 6cm/s, and coating terminates latter 60 DEG C Dry.
As shown in figure 1, by any functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization materials application prepared of embodiment 1~4 in Desalinization, it is specific as follows：Material is laid on seawater 3, wherein base material layer 2 directly contacts with seawater, carbon material layer 1 Upward.Using the core sucting action of the chopped fiber in nonwoven layer by seawater " transport " to carbon material layer 1, carbon material layer 1 is utilized Collection heat effect convert light energy into energy heats seawater and produce vapor 4 and can readily pass through the concrete dynamic modulus knot of non-woven cloth Structure.Water vapor condensation is collected to the desalination for completing seawater again.

Claims (5)

  1. A kind of 1. functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material, it is characterised in that the material using non-woven cloth as matrix material, Area load has carbon material as absorber of light.
  2. 2. a kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described non-woven Cloth is polyester, polypropylene or viscose.
  3. A kind of 3. functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the carbon material For at least one of graphite, CNT, graphene oxide and graphene.
  4. 4. the preparation method of any functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that bag Containing following steps：
    (1) carbon material dispersion liquid is prepared：Carbon material is scattered in deionized water, is ultrasonically treated 1~5h, carbon material is obtained and disperses Liquid；
    (2) functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material is prepared：By carbon material dispersion liquid made from step (1) by filtering, soaking Stain or the mode of coating are fixed on substrate material surface, are made after drying.
  5. 5. application of any material of claims 1 to 3 in desalinization.
CN201710456937.3A 2017-06-16 2017-06-16 A kind of functionalization non-woven cloth desalinization material and its preparation method and application Pending CN107338642A (en)

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CN108085823A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-05-29 东华大学 Loop construction collection thermal evaporation filling fabric and its preparation, application method and purposes
CN108383190A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-08-10 清华大学 A kind of device that clean water is obtained using solar energy based on functional material
CN108793298A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-13 苏州大学 A kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus based on candle ash
CN109336207A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-02-15 华中科技大学 A kind of suspension type distilling apparatus based on nano material and solar energy
CN109505117A (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-03-22 南京信息工程大学 A kind of composite modifying method of porous fibrous structure
CN110184859A (en) * 2019-05-16 2019-08-30 西安石油大学 A kind of multi-layer graphene fibrous paper and preparation method thereof
CN110316894A (en) * 2019-07-22 2019-10-11 北京航空航天大学 Sewage water treatment method and device based on luminous energy
CN110791884A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-02-14 东华大学 Device and method for preparing photo-thermal water evaporation nanofiber composite membrane
CN110846752A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-02-28 东华大学 Device and method for preparing efficient light hot water evaporation material
CN110846896A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-28 南通大学 Preparation method of textile material for photo-thermal seawater desalination
CN110873473A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-03-10 云南大学 Photo-thermal conversion material, preparation method thereof and solar photo-thermal conversion device
CN110924194A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-03-27 南通大学 Preparation method of efficient photo-thermal steam conversion material
CN111336699A (en) * 2020-03-11 2020-06-26 西北师范大学 Preparation of flax fiber-based photothermal conversion material and application of flax fiber-based photothermal conversion material in seawater desalination
CN111453801A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-07-28 哈尔滨工业大学 Bio-based photo-thermal conversion material and preparation method and application thereof
WO2021017353A1 (en) * 2019-07-30 2021-02-04 清华大学 Flexible photothermal conversion material, preparation method therefor, and use in sea water desalination
CN112609469A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-06 广东金发科技有限公司 Graphene melt-blown non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof
CN112624241A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-09 江苏恒力化纤股份有限公司 Photo-thermal body for solar steam generation and preparation and application thereof
CN112877903A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-06-01 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 Oriented water-guiding non-woven material with photo-thermal conversion function and preparation method thereof
CN112897618A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-06-04 浙江大学 Three-dimensional photothermal conversion material capable of efficiently treating saline water and wastewater, device and method
CN113005628A (en) * 2021-02-25 2021-06-22 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Carbon nano tube bionic tree braided fabric and preparation method and application thereof
CN114457584A (en) * 2022-01-18 2022-05-10 苏州大学 Preparation and application of carbon material single-side coating fabric for interface photo-thermal water evaporation
US11958308B1 (en) 2023-05-31 2024-04-16 G13 Innovation In Production Ltd Thermal paper, and methods and systems for forming the same

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