CN109279986A - A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof for improveing salt-soda soil - Google Patents

A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof for improveing salt-soda soil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109279986A
CN109279986A CN201811237520.9A CN201811237520A CN109279986A CN 109279986 A CN109279986 A CN 109279986A CN 201811237520 A CN201811237520 A CN 201811237520A CN 109279986 A CN109279986 A CN 109279986A
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China
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parts
fertilizer
soda soil
soil
straw
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CN201811237520.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
齐绍武
吴俊�
吴朝晖
刘建兵
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Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center
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Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center
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Priority to CN201811237520.9A priority Critical patent/CN109279986A/en
Publication of CN109279986A publication Critical patent/CN109279986A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02Superphosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to fertilizer fields, and in particular to a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof for improveing salt-soda soil.A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention is made of the raw material of following mass parts: 30-50 parts of animal wastes;25-47 parts of straw;20-42 parts of soybean cake;15-30 parts of wheatfeed;10-20 parts of turf;5-10 parts of calcium superphosphate;3-8 parts of copper sulphate;1-10 parts of bamboo charcoal;10-20 parts of complex enzyme formulation.The fertilizer makes full use of the agricultural residues such as straw, animal wastes, natural material, it is low in cost, nutrition is balanced, belongs to a kind of environmentally protective fertilizer, can reduce soil pH, the content of the organic matter in soil can also be significantly improved, ventilative, the infiltration situation for improving soil, increase the soil quality in salt-soda soil, are a kind of fertilizer in economic and practical, environmentally friendly effective improvement salt-soda soil.

Description

A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof for improveing salt-soda soil
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertilizer fields, and in particular to a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof for improveing salt-soda soil.
Background technique
With the growth of population and the development of social economy, cultivated area is gradually reduced, and land quality is also declining, the world Soil salt-soda soil problem is increasingly severe in range.Salt-soda soil is a kind of available resource, and improvement has become with utilization Ensure China realize agricultural sustainable development important measure, promote saline alkali land resource ecological use and industrialization development for It promotes a conservation culture, Green Development is pushed to be of great significance.
Salt-soda soil refers to that groundwater level increases, salinity enhances, in addition drought and evaporation are strong, leads to deep soil The phenomenon that earth salinity is migrated to surface soil, and surface soil salinization or alkalization degree aggravate.The essence that saline-alkali soil is formed is that solubility salt exists It is redistributed in soil, salinity has been more than normal value in upper soll layer accumulation.The growth of salt-soda soil damage to crops hinders agricultural The development of production, makes soil physico-chemical property be deteriorated, and the life condition of crop, forest and herbage degenerates, and not only soil can be made organic Matter content relative reduction can also make Soil nutritional condition variation physical behavior bad;In addition, the soil liquid in salt-soda soil is direct Crop cell is poisoned, makes plant growth is bad cause to be short of seedling, is the underproduction, even dead.
In China, there is more than 9,900 ten thousand hectares of salt-soda soil, this also one and its soil resource abundant.It is current to use It is most of effectively to play the role of salt reduction drop alkali while improve soil activation in the fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil, very Into fertilizer, improperly ingredient can also allow soil to receive secondary injury, it is now desired to a kind of comprehensive and efficient alkaline land improving Fertilizer effectively eradicates these problems, has the function that improve salt-soda soil comprehensively.
Summary of the invention
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil that the purpose of the present invention provides in view of the above problems, the organic fertilizer Soil pH can be effectively reduced, increase the nutriment content in soil, improve the situation that moisture is bad in salt-soda soil, and at low cost It is honest and clean, it is pollution-free, it is a kind of fertilizer of green high-efficient, there is good popularization and application foreground.
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, is made of the raw material of following mass parts: 30-50 parts of animal wastes; 25-47 parts of straw;20-42 parts of soybean cake;15-30 parts of wheatfeed;10-20 parts of turf;5-10 parts of calcium superphosphate;Copper sulphate 3-8 parts;1-10 parts of bamboo charcoal;10-20 parts of complex enzyme formulation.
Preferably, a kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, is made: animal wastes of the raw material of following mass parts 35-42 parts;30-40 parts of straw;25-37 parts of soybean cake;18-26 parts of wheatfeed;12-17 parts of turf;Calcium superphosphate 6-8 Part;4-7 parts of copper sulphate;3-9 parts of bamboo charcoal;12-19 parts of complex enzyme formulation.
Preferably, a kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, is made: animal wastes of the raw material of following mass parts 40 parts;34 parts of straw;30 parts of soybean cake;20 parts of wheatfeed;15 parts of turf;7 parts of calcium superphosphate;6 parts of copper sulphate;Bamboo charcoal 5 Part;17 parts of complex enzyme formulation.
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, the animal wastes are selected from one of pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung The above substance.
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, the straw are selected from cotton stalk, oat straw, rice One or more of stalk, corn stover, wheat stalk, Barley straw, sugarcane stalk substance.
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, the complex enzyme formulation include amylase, lipase, albumen Enzyme, cellulase, maltose, invertase, urase, with mass ratio 1:1.6-1.9:1.4-1.8:2-2.6:0.8-1.1:0.6- The composition of proportions of 1:1-1.8.
Preferably, a kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, the complex enzyme formulation composition are as follows: amylase, Lipase, protease, cellulase, maltose, invertase, urase, with mass ratio 1:1.8:1.6:2.3:1:0.8:1.4's Composition of proportions.
A kind of preparation method of the fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) straw, soybean cake, wheatfeed are put into pulverizer, mixing speed is adjusted to 250rpm, stirred 10min, crushing it is the particle of 1-3cm;
(2) mixing speed is transferred to 350rpm, animal wastes is added, stir 10min, crushing it is the particle of 1-3cm;
(3) pulverized particles in (1), (2) step are mixed, and calcium superphosphate, copper sulphate, bamboo charcoal, turf, compound is added Tap water is added in enzyme preparation, and after mixing, adjusting its moisture content is 63%, at room temperature, is forced using static heap Ventilation combines the mode of turning to carry out fermentation process to animal wastes, and 10d carries out ventilation treatment before composting process, and ventilatory capacity is 1.2m3·h-1·t-1, stop ventilation after 10d, carry out turning, every 2d turning is primary, total fermentation time 15d;
(4) fertilizer for completing fermentation is freeze-dried, retains nutrition, finally enters pelletizer and obtain the fertilizer of diameter 2mm Particle.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
(1) it uses animal wastes, straw, wheatfeed for raw material, can not only prevent and remedy pollution, moreover it is possible to keep agricultural useless Expect that huge profit is used, save the input cost of chemical fertilizer, changes soil hardening caused by long-term single administration chemical fertilizer and fertility decline Status, the agricultural resources after realizing agricultural residue harmless treatment utilize.
(2) it uses calcium superphosphate, copper sulphate for raw material, the loss of nitrogen source in animal wastes can be reduced, improve nitrogen Utilization rate.Bamboo charcoal is added, the loss of nitrogen can be reduced with forced fermentation effect, enhance the passivation effect of heavy metal.
(3) complex enzyme formulation is used, fermentation time can be reduced, enhances fermentation efficiency, is difficult to be bioavailable by all kinds of Macromolecular substances resolve into small-molecule substance, enhance the utilization rate of fertilizer.
(4) addition turf is raw material, can restore and improve the ability of the water holding of soil, ventilation and fertilizer conservation, and can increase Nutrition, so that agricultural product quality is improved, up to cause more preferably economic benefit.
(5) the present invention provides a kind of improvement salt-soda soil fertilizer can not only be effectively improved soil physical properties, change Soil porosity improves soil water storage ability, moreover it is possible to bring nutriment abundant for soil, improve soil buffer performance, be A kind of organic fertilizer of economic and practical environmental protection, is handled by Freeze Drying Technique, is readily transported, and transportation cost is saved, and is had good Good popularization and application foreground.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, below with specific example come the technical solution that the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, is made of the raw material of following mass parts: 30 parts of animal wastes;Plant 47 parts of stalk;20 parts of soybean cake;30 parts of wheatfeed;10 parts of turf;10 parts of calcium superphosphate;3 parts of copper sulphate;1 part of bamboo charcoal;Complex enzyme 10 parts of preparation.
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, the complex enzyme formulation include amylase, lipase, albumen Enzyme, cellulase, maltose, invertase, urase, with the composition of proportions of mass ratio 1:1.6:1.4:2.6:1.1:0.6:1.
Animal wastes, straw, soybean cake, wheatfeed, turf, calcium superphosphate, copper sulphate, bamboo charcoal are crushed as 1- The particle of 3cm carries out fermentation process to animal wastes by the way of static heap forced ventilation combination turning, passes through ventilating technology With turning technology, fermentation is completed at room temperature, and the fertilizer for completing fermentation is freeze-dried, retains nutrition, finally enters pelletizer Obtain the fertiliser granulates of diameter 2mm.
Experimental result shows that after the fertilizer for applying a kind of improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, soil pH is had dropped under 1.2, SAR 94.6% is dropped, organic matter is 15 times for compareing soil, and soil enzyme activities is aobvious to be increased, and wherein dehydrogenase DHA increases 24%, urea Enzyme increases 40%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, is made of the raw material of following mass parts: 50 parts of animal wastes;Plant 25 parts of stalk;42 parts of soybean cake;15 parts of wheatfeed;20 parts of turf;5 parts of calcium superphosphate;8 parts of copper sulphate;10 parts of bamboo charcoal;Complex enzyme 20 parts of preparation.
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, the complex enzyme formulation include amylase, lipase, albumen Enzyme, cellulase, maltose, invertase, urase, with the composition of proportions of mass ratio 1:1.9:1.8:2:0.8:1:1.8.
Animal wastes, straw, soybean cake, wheatfeed, turf, calcium superphosphate, copper sulphate, bamboo charcoal are crushed as 1- The particle of 3cm carries out fermentation process to animal wastes by the way of static heap forced ventilation combination turning, passes through ventilating technology With turning technology, fermentation is completed at room temperature, and the fertilizer for completing fermentation is freeze-dried, retains nutrition, finally enters pelletizer Obtain the fertiliser granulates of diameter 2mm.
Experimental result shows that after the fertilizer for applying a kind of improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, soil pH is had dropped under 1.5, SAR 94.9% has been dropped, organic matter is 19 times for compareing soil, and soil enzyme activities is aobvious to be increased, and wherein dehydrogenase DHA increases 24.9%, Urase increases 41.3%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, is made of the raw material of following mass parts: 35 parts of animal wastes;Plant 30 parts of stalk;37 parts of soybean cake;26 parts of wheatfeed;12 parts of turf;8 parts of calcium superphosphate;7 parts of copper sulphate;3 parts of bamboo charcoal;Complex enzyme 12 parts of preparation.
Preferably, a kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, the optimal composition of the complex enzyme formulation are as follows: form sediment Powder enzyme, lipase, protease, cellulase, maltose, invertase, urase, with mass ratio 1:1.8:1.6:2.3:1:0.8: 1.4 composition of proportions.
Animal wastes, straw, soybean cake, wheatfeed, turf, calcium superphosphate, copper sulphate, bamboo charcoal are crushed as 1- The particle of 3cm carries out fermentation process to animal wastes by the way of static heap forced ventilation combination turning, passes through ventilating technology With turning technology, fermentation is completed at room temperature, and the fertilizer for completing fermentation is freeze-dried, retains nutrition, finally enters pelletizer Obtain the fertiliser granulates of diameter 2mm.
Experimental result shows that after the fertilizer for applying a kind of improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, soil pH is had dropped under 1.3, SAR 94.1% is dropped, organic matter is 20 times for compareing soil, and soil enzyme activities is aobvious to be increased, and wherein dehydrogenase DHA increases 25%, urea Enzyme increases 43%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, is made of the raw material of following mass parts: 42 parts of animal wastes;Plant 40 parts of stalk;25 parts of soybean cake;18 parts of wheatfeed;17 parts of turf;6 parts of calcium superphosphate;4 parts of copper sulphate;9 parts of bamboo charcoal;Complex enzyme 19 parts of preparation.
Preferably, a kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, the optimal composition of the complex enzyme formulation are as follows: form sediment Powder enzyme, lipase, protease, cellulase, maltose, invertase, urase, with mass ratio 1:1.7:1.7:2.4:1:0.7: 1.6 composition of proportions.
Animal wastes, straw, soybean cake, wheatfeed, turf, calcium superphosphate, copper sulphate, bamboo charcoal are crushed as 1- The particle of 3cm carries out fermentation process to animal wastes by the way of static heap forced ventilation combination turning, passes through ventilating technology With turning technology, fermentation is completed at room temperature, and the fertilizer for completing fermentation is freeze-dried, retains nutrition, finally enters pelletizer Obtain the fertiliser granulates of diameter 2mm.
Experimental result shows that after the fertilizer for applying a kind of improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, soil pH is had dropped under 1.3, SAR 93.4% is dropped, organic matter is 13 times for compareing soil, and soil enzyme activities is aobvious to be increased, and wherein dehydrogenase DHA increases 23%, urea Enzyme increases 45%.
Embodiment 5
Preferably, a kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, is made: animal wastes of the raw material of following mass parts 40 parts;34 parts of straw;30 parts of soybean cake;20 parts of wheatfeed;15 parts of turf;7 parts of calcium superphosphate;6 parts of copper sulphate;Bamboo charcoal 5 Part;17 parts of complex enzyme formulation.
Preferably, a kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, the optimal composition of the complex enzyme formulation are as follows: form sediment Powder enzyme, lipase, protease, cellulase, maltose, invertase, urase, with mass ratio 1:1.8:1.6:2.3:1:0.8: 1.4 composition of proportions.
Animal wastes, straw, soybean cake, wheatfeed, turf, calcium superphosphate, copper sulphate, bamboo charcoal are crushed as 1- The particle of 3cm carries out fermentation process to animal wastes by the way of static heap forced ventilation combination turning, passes through ventilating technology With turning technology, fermentation is completed at room temperature, and the fertilizer for completing fermentation is freeze-dried, retains nutrition, finally enters pelletizer Obtain the fertiliser granulates of diameter 2mm.
Experimental result shows that after the fertilizer for applying a kind of improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, soil pH is had dropped under 1.9, SAR 97.1% is dropped, organic matter is 21 times for compareing soil, and soil enzyme activities is aobvious to be increased, and wherein dehydrogenase DHA increases 28%, urea Enzyme increases 45%.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of fertilizer in improvement salt-soda soil of the invention, which is characterized in that be made of the raw material of following mass parts: animal wastes 30-50 parts;25-47 parts of straw;20-42 parts of soybean cake;15-30 parts of wheatfeed;10-20 parts of turf;Calcium superphosphate 5-10 Part;3-8 parts of copper sulphate;1-10 parts of bamboo charcoal;10-20 parts of complex enzyme formulation.
2. a kind of fertilizer for improveing salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by the raw material system of following mass parts At: 35-42 parts of animal wastes;30-40 parts of straw;25-37 parts of soybean cake;18-26 parts of wheatfeed;12-17 parts of turf;It crosses 6-8 parts of calcium phosphate;4-7 parts of copper sulphate;3-9 parts of bamboo charcoal;12-19 parts of complex enzyme formulation.
3. a kind of fertilizer for improveing salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by the raw material system of following mass parts At: 40 parts of animal wastes;34 parts of straw;30 parts of soybean cake;20 parts of wheatfeed;15 parts of turf;7 parts of calcium superphosphate;Sulfuric acid 6 parts of copper;5 parts of bamboo charcoal;17 parts of complex enzyme formulation.
4. a kind of fertilizer for improveing salt-soda soil according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the animal excreta Just one or more of pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung substance are selected from.
5. a kind of fertilizer for improveing salt-soda soil according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the plant straw Stalk is selected from one of cotton stalk, oat straw, rice straw, corn stover, wheat stalk, Barley straw, sugarcane stalk The above substance.
6. a kind of fertilizer for improveing salt-soda soil according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the complex enzyme Preparation includes amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase, maltose, invertase, urase, with mass ratio 1:1.6-1.9: The composition of proportions of 1.4-1.8:2-2.6:0.8-1.1:0.6-1:1-1.8.
7. a kind of fertilizer for improveing salt-soda soil according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the complex enzyme The composition of preparation are as follows: amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase, maltose, invertase, urase, with mass ratio 1: The composition of proportions of 1.8:1.6:2.3:1:0.8:1.4.
8. preparing a kind of preparation method for the fertilizer for improveing salt-soda soil described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step It is rapid:
(1) straw, soybean cake, wheatfeed are put into pulverizer, mixing speed are adjusted to 250rpm, stirs 10min, Crushing it is the particle of diameter 1-3cm;
(2) mixing speed is transferred to 350rpm, animal wastes is added, stir 10min, crushing it is the particle of diameter 1-3cm;
(3) pulverized particles in (1), (2) step are mixed, and calcium superphosphate, copper sulphate, bamboo charcoal, turf, complex enzyme system is added Tap water is added in agent, and after mixing, adjusting its moisture content is 63%, at room temperature, using static heap forced ventilation Fermentation process is carried out to animal wastes in conjunction with the mode of turning, 10d carries out ventilation treatment before composting process, and ventilatory capacity is 1.2m3·h-1·t-1, stop ventilation after 10d, carry out turning, every 2d turning is primary, total fermentation time 15d;
(4) fertilizer for completing fermentation is freeze-dried, retains nutrition, finally enters pelletizer and obtain the fertiliser granulates of diameter 2mm.
CN201811237520.9A 2018-10-23 2018-10-23 A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof for improveing salt-soda soil Pending CN109279986A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112166987A (en) * 2020-08-25 2021-01-05 中国农业科学院草原研究所 Mixed cultivation method of alfalfa, semen cassiae and honeysuckle

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104380866A (en) * 2014-10-30 2015-03-04 宁夏乙征生物工程有限公司 Method for improving saline alkali soil with enzymic method
CN106187581A (en) * 2016-07-02 2016-12-07 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 A kind of salt-soda soil improvement fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107244990A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-10-13 滨州市科学技术情报研究所 A kind of method for preparing alkaline land improving bio-organic fertilizer special material using extra large terrestrial resource
CN107324926A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-07 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Suitable for the improving fertilizer and its production method in salt-soda soil
CN107353138A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-17 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Suitable for the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and its production method of alkaline land improving
CN107915519A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-17 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 Salt-soda soil growth-promoting improvement organic fertilizer
CN108083916A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-29 潍坊友容实业有限公司 Alkaline land improvement organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104380866A (en) * 2014-10-30 2015-03-04 宁夏乙征生物工程有限公司 Method for improving saline alkali soil with enzymic method
CN106187581A (en) * 2016-07-02 2016-12-07 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 A kind of salt-soda soil improvement fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107244990A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-10-13 滨州市科学技术情报研究所 A kind of method for preparing alkaline land improving bio-organic fertilizer special material using extra large terrestrial resource
CN107324926A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-07 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Suitable for the improving fertilizer and its production method in salt-soda soil
CN107353138A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-17 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Suitable for the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and its production method of alkaline land improving
CN107915519A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-17 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 Salt-soda soil growth-promoting improvement organic fertilizer
CN108083916A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-29 潍坊友容实业有限公司 Alkaline land improvement organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112166987A (en) * 2020-08-25 2021-01-05 中国农业科学院草原研究所 Mixed cultivation method of alfalfa, semen cassiae and honeysuckle

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Application publication date: 20190129