CN109261974B - Multi-element pseudo alloy composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Multi-element pseudo alloy composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109261974B CN109261974B CN201810968539.4A CN201810968539A CN109261974B CN 109261974 B CN109261974 B CN 109261974B CN 201810968539 A CN201810968539 A CN 201810968539A CN 109261974 B CN109261974 B CN 109261974B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F3/26—Impregnating
Abstract
The invention provides a multi-element pseudo alloy composite material which comprises a first metal, a second metal and a third metal, wherein the melting point of the first metal is greater than that of the second metal, and the melting point of the second metal is greater than that of the third metal. The multi-element pseudo alloy composite material takes the first metal as a blank body, can flexibly set the distribution positions of the second metal and the third metal according to the purpose requirement, has various combined structural forms, has better compactness, does not generate chemical reaction between the metals, can comprehensively utilize the performance characteristics of a plurality of metals, and can meet the application in a larger field by the comprehensive performance generated by the composite material except the original characteristics of 3 metals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal composite materials, and particularly relates to a multi-element pseudo alloy composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Pseudoalloys, meaning that the elements of the constituent alloy do not chemically interact with each other, but rather are mechanically compounded together. Binary pseudo alloys, such as copper-tungsten pseudo alloys, have a wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, nuclear engineering, mechanical manufacturing, electronic components and the like because of the properties of high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, low contact resistance of copper, high melting point, high hardness, low thermal expansion coefficient of tungsten and the like.
CN107584127A discloses a method for bonding an interface between a binary pseudo alloy and an alloy containing a transition metal, and a bonding member, in which the binary pseudo alloy and the alloy containing a transition metal are pressed together under a predetermined pressure to form a pressed member, and then the pressed member is sintered at a predetermined temperature, so that a metal element with a lower melting point in the binary pseudo alloy migrates and diffuses into the interface between the binary pseudo alloy and the alloy containing a transition metal, so that the metal element with a lower melting point forms a solid solution with the metal element in the alloy containing a transition metal. CN105543780B discloses a superhard cutter surface composite hard coating and a preparation method thereof, the invention is characterized in that a pseudo-alloy AB bonding layer, a functional layer and an antifriction layer are arranged from the surface of a cutter substrate to the outside in sequence, wherein the pseudo-alloy AB bonding layer is formed by physical vapor deposition of a pseudo-alloy AB with good conductivity on the surface of the cutter substrate under a vacuum condition, A, B is respectively selected from natural metal elements in groups IV B, V B and VI B in a periodic table of elements, A is not equal to B. CN104384737B discloses a liquid-solid connection method of a copper-tungsten pseudo alloy and a stainless steel special-shaped piece, which comprises the steps of removing a passive film on the surface of stainless steel by acid washing, corroding the surface of the copper-tungsten pseudo alloy into a plurality of holes, placing a layer of amorphous/fine-grain low-chromium copper thin strip between the copper-tungsten pseudo alloy and the stainless steel, and placing the amorphous/fine-grain low-chromium copper thin strip and the stainless steel together in a graphite crucible to be welded in a microcomputer program-controlled high-temperature sintering furnace.
In summary, the currently common pseudo alloy composite material is mainly an alloy composite material of 2 metal elements, on one hand, the alloy composite material containing only 2 metal elements can only realize the comprehensive effect of the performance of 2 metals, and the application field is narrow; on the other hand, the existing pseudo alloy composite material has a complex preparation method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the binary pseudo alloy composite material is narrow in application field and limited in application range in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multi-element pseudo alloy composite material.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material.
The invention also aims to provide application of the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-element pseudoalloy composite material comprises
A first metal, a second metal and a third metal, the melting point of the first metal being greater than the melting point of the second metal, the melting point of the second metal being greater than the melting point of the third metal;
preferably, the first metal, the second metal and the third metal form a first metal layer, a second metal layer and a third metal layer, respectively, and the first metal layer is wrapped by the second metal layer and the third metal layer.
Further preferably, the second metal layer is disposed adjacent to the third metal layer.
Further preferably, the second metal layer is disposed in the middle of the multi-element pseudoalloy composite material, and the third metal layers are disposed on two sides of the second metal layer.
Further preferably, the third metal layer is disposed in the middle of the multi-element pseudoalloy composite material, and the second metal layers are disposed on two sides of the third metal layer.
Preferably, the first metal includes at least one of tungsten, molybdenum, and nickel.
Preferably, the second metal includes at least one of copper and silver.
Preferably, the third metal includes at least one of aluminum and magnesium.
The preparation method of the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) pressurizing and molding the first metal powder to obtain a first metal layer blank body with pores inside;
(2) respectively melting the second metal and the third metal, and infiltrating into the first metal layer blank body in the step (1)
In the step (1), considering that the die can be damaged, the pressure is less than or equal to 10 tons/cm2Although the internal pores of the blank body cannot disappear when the pressure is larger than the limit value, the pressure is too large, the die can crack and explode, the forming effect of the blank body is influenced, and the operation safety is reduced;
the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material is applied to electronic packaging products.
The invention has the advantages of
1. The multi-element pseudo alloy composite material takes the first metal as a blank body, can flexibly set the distribution positions of the second metal and the third metal according to the purpose requirement, and has various combined structural forms;
2. the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material has good compactness, does not generate chemical reaction among metals, can comprehensively utilize the performance characteristics of a plurality of metals, and can meet the application in a larger field by the comprehensive performance generated by the composite material besides the original characteristics of 3 metals;
3. the preparation method of the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process steps and non-harsh conditions, and is beneficial to popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multicomponent pseudoalloy composite with a second metal layer disposed adjacent to a third metal layer.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a process for preparing a multicomponent pseudoalloy composite having a second metal layer disposed adjacent to a third metal layer.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a multicomponent pseudoalloy composite with a second metal layer on both sides of a third metal layer.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a process for preparing a multicomponent pseudoalloy composite material having a second metal layer on both sides of a third metal layer.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a multicomponent pseudoalloy composite with a third metal layer on both sides of a second metal layer.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a process for preparing a multicomponent pseudoalloy composite material having a third metal layer on both sides of a second metal layer.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example 1
A multi-component pseudoalloy composite comprising a first metal, a second metal, and a third metal, the first metal having a melting point greater than the melting point of the second metal, the second metal having a melting point greater than the melting point of the third metal;
the first metal, the second metal and the third metal respectively form a first metal layer 1, a second metal layer 2 and a third metal layer 3, and the first metal layer 1 is wrapped by the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3.
The second metal layer 2 is arranged adjacent to the third metal layer 3, as shown in fig. 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) pressing and molding the first metal to obtain a first metal layer blank;
(2) and (3) infiltrating a small amount of second metal, cooling, solidifying the second metal layer in the first metal layer blank, infiltrating a third metal, and completely filling the area which is not completely filled with the second metal layer to obtain the multi-element pseudo-alloy composite material shown in the figure 1, wherein the preparation flow is shown in the figure 2.
Example 2
A multi-component pseudoalloy composite comprising a first metal, a second metal, and a third metal, the first metal having a melting point greater than the melting point of the second metal, the second metal having a melting point greater than the melting point of the third metal;
the first metal, the second metal and the third metal respectively form a first metal layer 1, a second metal layer 2 and a third metal layer 3, and the first metal layer 1 is wrapped by the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3.
The third metal layer 3 is disposed in the middle of the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material, and the second metal layers 2 are disposed on two sides of the third metal layer 3, as shown in fig. 3.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) pressing and molding the first metal powder to obtain a first metal layer blank;
(2) firstly, infiltrating a small amount of second metal into the blank obtained in the step (1) to obtain a blank infiltrated with a small amount of second metal;
(3) and (3) adjacently placing two blanks obtained in the step (2) on the surfaces which are not infiltrated with the second metal powder, and further infiltrating a third metal between the two blanks to obtain the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material shown in the figure 2, wherein the upper area and the lower area of the composite material are the first metal layer coated by the second metal layer, the middle area is the first metal layer coated by the third metal layer, and the preparation process is shown in figure 4.
Example 3
A multi-component pseudoalloy composite comprising a first metal, a second metal, and a third metal, the first metal having a melting point greater than the melting point of the second metal, the second metal having a melting point greater than the melting point of the third metal;
the first metal, the second metal and the third metal respectively form a first metal layer 1, a second metal layer 2 and a third metal layer 3, and the first metal layer 1 is wrapped by the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3.
The second metal layer 2 is disposed in the middle of the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material, and the third metal layers 3 are disposed on two sides of the second metal layer 2, as shown in fig. 5.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) pressing and molding the first metal powder to obtain a first metal layer blank;
(2) stacking the two first metal blanks obtained in the step (1), and infiltrating a small amount of second metal in the middle part to obtain a blank with a small amount of second metal infiltrated in the middle part, wherein no metal is infiltrated on the outer surface of the blank;
(3) and (3) further infiltrating a third metal on the upper outer surface and the lower outer surface of the blank obtained in the step (2) to obtain the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material shown in the figure 5, wherein the upper area and the lower area of the composite material are respectively a first metal layer coated by a third metal layer, the middle area is a first metal layer coated by a second metal layer, and the preparation process is shown in figure 6.
Claims (1)
1. A multicomponent pseudoalloy composite, comprising:
a first metal, a second metal and a third metal, the melting point of the first metal being greater than the melting point of the second metal, the melting point of the second metal being greater than the melting point of the third metal;
the first metal, the second metal and the third metal respectively form a first metal layer, a second metal layer and a third metal layer, and the first metal layer is wrapped by the second metal layer and the third metal layer;
the second metal layer is arranged in the middle of the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material, and the third metal layers are arranged on two sides of the second metal layer;
the preparation method of the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) pressing and molding the first metal powder to obtain two first metal layer blanks;
(2) stacking the two first metal layer blanks obtained in the step (1), and infiltrating a small amount of second metal in the middle part to obtain a blank with a small amount of second metal infiltrated in the middle part, wherein no metal is infiltrated on the outer surface of the blank;
(3) and (3) further infiltrating a third metal on the upper outer surface and the lower outer surface of the blank obtained in the step (2), thus obtaining the multi-element pseudo alloy composite material.
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| KR100332513B1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2002-04-13 | 니시무로 타이죠 | Contact material for vacuum valve and method for fabricating the same |
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