CN105332096A - 一种功能无纺布的制备方法以及由此获得的无纺布 - Google Patents
一种功能无纺布的制备方法以及由此获得的无纺布 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种包含相变微胶囊的纳米海藻纤维无纺布基材,通过在无纺布上整理纳米级竹炭粉0.1-0.3份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐0.2-0.3份、茶多酚改性粉末0.3-0.5份、酸枣仁0.1-0.3份、远志0.2-0.4份、合欢皮0.1-0.5份、龙齿0.1-0.2份、薰衣草0.5份、苦豆子提取粉0.3-0.5份、过硫酸铵0.2-0.4份、甜菜碱0.1-0.5份、乙二醇苯醚0.1-0.5份、苯甲酸苄酯0.2份、葡萄糖1份、酒石酸2份、木糖醇1份、壳聚糖3份,获得功能无纺布。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织材料技术领域,具体涉及一种功能无纺布的制备方法以及由此获得的无纺布。
背景技术
无纺布具有表面光滑、手感柔软、耐折耐磨、遮光透气性能好、尺寸稳定性好、易于加工,便于回收利用等诸多优点。目前,我国已经成为无纺布生产大国,但产业低层次、常规品的竞争异常激烈,很多无纺布企业的产品利润已经很低,而随着社会的进步,人民生活水平的提高,市场对具有特殊功能的无纺布的需求越来越大,因此业内研发人员已经将新型无纺布的开发摆上议事日程。
现有技术中多采用浸渍法,将功能性整理助剂通过浸渍法整理到无纺布上,然而该方法的缺点就是各种有效成分与纤维结合的不够紧密,因此无纺布的功能效果不够理想、不够持久。
也有采用将功能性母料添加在无纺布的生产原料中,熔融后经过喷丝板再进行纺丝的方式生产功能性无纺布。在上述方法中,由于功能性母料对于无纺布的生产原料来说属于异体成分,有可能造成喷丝板中的丝孔堵塞,并且采用添加功能性母料的方式生产功能性无纺布的成本较高,而效果也并不理想。
茶多酚主要提取于茶叶水中多酚类化合物的总称,主要由儿茶素类、黄酮类、酚酸类和花色素类4大类物质组成,其中儿茶素类化合物为茶多酚的主要成分,包括儿茶素、表儿茶素、表棓儿茶素、表儿茶素棓酸酯等。经茶多酚整理过的产品色泽宁静柔和、气味清香淡雅,而且亲肤防过敏,抗菌消臭,特别适用于婴幼儿用品、床上用品、内衣及装饰织物。单宁酸是具有多酚羟基结构的一种水解类单宁,具有独特的化学特性和生理活性,在医药、食品、轻化纺织等方面具有广泛的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种功能无纺布的制备方法,以克服现有技术的不足。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种功能无纺布的制备方法,所述无纺布的基材为具有功能材料的海藻纤维。
进一步,所述功能材料包括相变微胶囊。
进一步,所述方法包括以下步骤:
①制取质量百分比为3%~6%的海藻酸钠溶液;
②在上述海藻酸钠溶液中加入相变微胶囊作为调温添加剂,制取纺丝混合液;
③将上述纺丝混合液采用常规湿法纺丝工艺制取相变调温海藻纤维;
④将步骤③制得的相变调温海藻纤维制成无纺布基布;
其中所述相变微胶囊平均粒径为0.2μm,囊芯部分的相变物质为C16~C21的直链烷烃,囊材为聚脲型树脂或环氧树脂为囊壁,并采用界面聚合法制取;
所述功能无纺布的方法还包括以下步骤:
进一步,在上述无纺布基材上整理抗菌整理剂,所述抗菌整理剂包括第一组分纳米级竹炭粉、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐,第二组分,第二组分茶多酚改性粉末、酸枣仁、远志、合欢皮、龙齿、薰衣草、苦豆子提取粉、过硫酸铵、甜菜碱、乙二醇苯醚、苯甲酸苄酯,以及第三组分葡萄糖、酒石酸、木糖醇、壳聚糖;
步骤⑤通过高压喷嘴以0.9~1.0MPa的压力将第一组分纳米级竹炭粉、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐喷射到无纺布基布上;
步骤⑥通过高压喷嘴以0.8~0.9MPa的压力将第二组分茶多酚改性粉末、苯酚硫酸锌、酒石酸钾钠3-甲基环十五酮、柏子仁、夜交藤喷射到⑤制得的无纺布基布上;
步骤⑦将第三组分葡萄糖、酒石酸、木糖醇、壳聚糖按照1:2:1:3的质量比混合,然后将其整理到⑥制得的无纺布基布上,并且将其放置在40-50℃的恒温箱中,恒温12小时以上;
步骤⑧将步骤⑦制备的无纺布基材在80-100℃下进行压烫,时间为10-15min,然后放入焙烘机中采用110-115℃的温度焙烘8-10min;
步骤⑤和⑥中高压喷嘴的压力之比为9:8;
其中,茶多酚改性粉末是由下述方法制得的:
(1)将茶叶梗在75-85℃条件下烘干30-60min,然后进行粉碎,并将由此获得的超细粉末置于复合酶处理液中,该复合酶处理液中纤维素酶含量为200-1000U/mL,漆酶含量为10-200U/mL,在pH=5.0-8.0,温度20-40℃条件下处理60-240min;
(2)将步骤(1)处理得到的材料置以质量比1:10-30的比例加入浓度为50-90%的乙醇和10-50%丙酮溶液中,加热50-60℃保温30-60min,过滤浓缩后得到茶多酚浓缩液;
(3)将茶多酚浓缩液中,加入0.1-2g/L维生素C,0.2-5g/L十六烷基聚氧乙烯醚,20-500g/L磷酸二氢钠-柠檬酸,50-500g/L氯化铵的提取液中,料液比为1∶5-30,超声处理5-90min,然后在温度75-100℃下,加热回流提取0.5-5h,冷却,抽滤,
(4)加入0.5-2g/L的葡萄糖、0.5-2g/L柠檬酸、0.5-2g/LEDTA(乙二胺四乙酸)、0.5-2g/L维生素C、0.5-2g/L焦磷酸钠、0.5-2g/L六偏磷酸钠和0.5-5g/L渗透剂JFC,高速搅拌5-30min进行匀浆,然后超声脱气处理5-30min,再高速搅拌5-30min;
(5)冷冻干燥,得到改性茶多酚粉末。
进一步,所述抗菌整理剂的组合物的质量份数分别为:第一组分纳米级竹炭粉0.1-0.3份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐0.2-0.3份,第二组分茶多酚改性粉末0.3-0.5份、酸枣仁0.1-0.3份、远志0.2-0.4份、合欢皮0.1-0.5份、龙齿0.1-0.2份、薰衣草0.5份、苦豆子提取粉0.3-0.5份、过硫酸铵0.2-0.4份、甜菜碱0.1-0.5份、乙二醇苯醚0.1-0.5份、苯甲酸苄酯0.2份,以及第三组分葡萄糖1份、酒石酸2份、木糖醇1份、壳聚糖3份。
本发明还提供一种由如上述方法获得的功能无纺布。
本发明有以下有益效果:
1、本发明的基布中加入了相变微胶囊,使基布保持在一定的温度范围内。
2、纳米级竹炭粉、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐作为防冻疮组合物的第一组分被高压喷嘴喷射到无纺布上,纳米竹炭粉通过高分子结构的聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐被“构陷”在海藻纤维无纺布和聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐中,稳定存在,而且纳米竹炭粉具有独特抗菌作用;
3、本发明,第二组分茶多酚改性粉末0.3-0.5份、酸枣仁0.1-0.3份、远志0.2-0.4份、合欢皮0.1-0.5份、龙齿0.1-0.2份、薰衣草0.5份、苦豆子提取粉0.3-0.5份、过硫酸铵0.2-0.4份、甜菜碱0.1-0.5份、乙二醇苯醚0.1-0.5份、苯甲酸苄酯0.2份,进行组合,获得了预料不到的抗菌效果和安神效果;同时采用了独特的方法制备茶多酚改性粉末,有效的保留了茶多酚的抗菌效果。
4、第三组分葡萄糖、酒石酸、木糖醇、壳聚糖,均为多羟基化合物,其中酒石酸、木糖醇是成膜凝胶组合物的交联剂,防止皮肤与无纺布发生粘连,而葡萄糖和壳聚糖是无任何附加作用,且有利于成膜,提高功能无纺布的耐久性。
5、抗菌整理剂组合物的第一、第二组分通过高压喷嘴以不同的压力喷射,使其在无纺布中的分布产生层状效果,再利用第三组分成膜,三者组合对功能无纺布功能的发挥以及耐久性的保持起到显著效果。
具体实施方式
首先制备茶多酚改性粉末:(1)将茶叶梗在70℃条件下烘干60min,然后进行粉碎,并将由此获得的超细粉末置于复合酶处理液中,该复合酶处理液中纤维素酶含量为1000U/mL,漆酶含量为200U/mL,在pH=7.0,温度30℃条件下处理120min;
(2)将步骤(1)处理得到的材料置以质量比1::30的比例加入浓度为50%的乙醇和20%丙酮溶液中,加热60℃保温60min,过滤浓缩后得到茶多酚浓缩液;
(3)将茶多酚浓缩液中,加入2g/L维生素C,5g/L十六烷基聚氧乙烯醚,20g/L磷酸二氢钠-柠檬酸,50g/L氯化铵的提取液中,料液比为1∶30,超声处理90min,然后在温度100℃下,加热回流提取3h,冷却,抽滤,
(4)加入2g/L的葡萄糖、2g/L柠檬酸、2g/LEDTA(乙二胺四乙酸)、2g/L维生素C、2g/L焦磷酸钠、0.5g/L六偏磷酸钠和0.5g/L渗透剂JFC,高速搅拌30min进行匀浆,然后超声脱气处理30min,再高速搅拌30min;
(5)冷冻干燥,得到改性茶多酚粉末。
实施例1
通过洁面聚合法制备相变微胶囊,囊材为聚脲型树脂,囊芯部分的相变物质为C16的直链烷烃,相变微胶囊平均粒径为0.2μm;制取质量百分比为3%的海藻酸钠溶液;在上述海藻酸钠溶液中加入相变微胶囊作为调温添加剂,制取纺丝混合液;将上述纺丝混合液采用常规湿法纺丝工艺制取相变调温海藻纤维;选用老姜,将其切片,冷冻干燥,然后通过气流粉碎机将其粉碎;将制得的相变调温海藻纤维制成无纺布基布;通过高压喷嘴以0.9MPa的压力将第一组分纳米级竹炭粉0.3份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐0.3份喷射到无纺布基布上;通过高压喷嘴以0.8MPa的压力将第二组分茶多酚改性粉末0.3份、酸枣仁0.1份、远志0.2份、合欢皮0.1份、龙齿0.1份、薰衣草0.5份、苦豆子提取粉0.3份、过硫酸铵0.2份、甜菜碱0.1份、乙二醇苯醚0.1份、苯甲酸苄酯0.2份,喷射到⑤制得的无纺布基布上;将第三组分葡萄糖1份、酒石酸2份、木糖醇1份、壳聚糖3份混合,然后将其整理到⑥制得的无纺布基布上,并且将其放置在40-50℃的恒温箱中,恒温12小时以上;将上述制备的无纺布基材在80℃下进行压烫,时间为15min,然后放入焙烘机中采用110℃的温度焙烘10min。即得本发明的功能无纺布。
实施例2
通过洁面聚合法制备相变微胶囊,囊材为聚脲型树脂,囊芯部分的相变物质为C21的直链烷烃,相变微胶囊平均粒径为0.2μm;制取质量百分比为3%的海藻酸钠溶液;在上述海藻酸钠溶液中加入相变微胶囊作为调温添加剂,制取纺丝混合液;将上述纺丝混合液采用常规湿法纺丝工艺制取相变调温海藻纤维;选用老姜,将其切片,冷冻干燥,然后通过气流粉碎机将其粉碎;将制得的相变调温海藻纤维制成无纺布基布;通过高压喷嘴以0.9MPa的压力将第一组分纳米级竹炭粉0.1份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐0.2份喷射到无纺布基布上;通过高压喷嘴以0.8MPa的压力将,第二组分茶多酚改性粉末0.5份、酸枣仁0.3份、远志0.4份、合欢皮0.5份、龙齿0.2份、薰衣草0.5份、苦豆子提取粉0.5份、过硫酸铵0.4份、甜菜碱0.5份、乙二醇苯醚0.5份、苯甲酸苄酯0.2份,喷射到⑤制得的无纺布基布上;将第三组分葡萄糖1份、酒石酸2份、木糖醇1份、壳聚糖3份混合,然后将其整理到⑥制得的无纺布基布上,并且将其放置在40-50℃的恒温箱中,恒温12小时以上;将上述制备的无纺布基材在100℃下进行压烫,时间为10min,然后放入焙烘机中采用115℃的温度焙烘8min。即得本发明的功能无纺布。
实施例3
通过洁面聚合法制备相变微胶囊,囊材为聚脲型树脂,囊芯部分的相变物质为C18的直链烷烃,相变微胶囊平均粒径为0.2μm;在上述海藻酸钠溶液中加入相变微胶囊作为调温添加剂,制取纺丝混合液;将上述纺丝混合液采用常规湿法纺丝工艺制取相变调温海藻纤维;选用老姜,将其切片,冷冻干燥,然后通过气流粉碎机将其粉碎;将制得的相变调温海藻纤维制成无纺布基布;通过高压喷嘴以0.9MPa的压力将第一组分纳米级竹炭粉0.2份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐0.25份喷射到无纺布基布上;通过高压喷嘴以0.8MPa的压力将,第二组分茶多酚改性粉末0.4份、酸枣仁0.4份、远志0.3份、合欢皮0.3份、龙齿0.1份、薰衣草0.5份、苦豆子提取粉0.4份、过硫酸铵0.3份、甜菜碱0.3份、乙二醇苯醚0.3份、苯甲酸苄酯0.2份,喷射到⑤制得的无纺布基布上;将第三组分葡萄糖1份、酒石酸2份、木糖醇1份、壳聚糖3份混合,然后将其整理到⑥制得的无纺布基布上,并且将其放置在40-50℃的恒温箱中,恒温12小时以上;将上述制备的无纺布基材在90℃下进行压烫,时间为12min,然后放入焙烘机中采用112℃的温度焙烘10min。即得本发明的功能无纺布。
由上述实施例1-3所获得的功能无纺布具有如下抗菌指标:对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌的抑菌率均大于99.2%,且有显著的镇静安神效果。
实施例4
通过洁面聚合法制备相变微胶囊,囊材为聚脲型树脂,囊芯部分的相变物质为C16的直链烷烃,相变微胶囊平均粒径为0.2μm;在上述海藻酸钠溶液中加入相变微胶囊作为调温添加剂,制取纺丝混合液;将上述纺丝混合液采用常规湿法纺丝工艺制取相变调温海藻纤维;将制得的相变调温海藻纤维制成无纺布基布;通过高压喷嘴以0.9MPa的压力将第一组分纳米级竹炭粉0.3份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐0.3份喷射到无纺布基布上;通过高压喷嘴以0.9MPa的压力将第二组分茶多酚改性粉末0.3份、酸枣仁0.1份、远志0.2份、合欢皮0.1份、龙齿0.1份、薰衣草0.5份、苦豆子提取粉0.3份、过硫酸铵0.2份、甜菜碱0.1份、乙二醇苯醚0.1份、苯甲酸苄酯0.2份喷射到⑤制得的无纺布基布上;将第三组分葡萄糖1份、酒石酸2份、木糖醇1份、壳聚糖3份混合,然后将其整理到⑥制得的无纺布基布上,并且将其放置在40-50℃的恒温箱中,恒温12小时以上;将上述制备的无纺布基材在80℃下进行压烫,时间为15min,然后放入焙烘机中采用110℃的温度焙烘10min。即得本发明的功能无纺布。
实施例5
通过洁面聚合法制备相变微胶囊,囊材为聚脲型树脂,囊芯部分的相变物质为C16的直链烷烃,相变微胶囊平均粒径为0.2μm;在上述海藻酸钠溶液中加入相变微胶囊作为调温添加剂,制取纺丝混合液;将上述纺丝混合液采用常规湿法纺丝工艺制取相变调温海藻纤维;将制得的相变调温海藻纤维制成无纺布基布;通过高压喷嘴以0.9MPa的压力将第一组分纳米级竹炭粉0.3份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐0.3份喷射到无纺布基布上;通过高压喷嘴以1.0MPa的压力将第二组分茶多酚改性粉末0.3份、酸枣仁0.1份、远志0.2份、合欢皮0.1份、龙齿0.1份、薰衣草0.5份、苦豆子提取粉0.3份、过硫酸铵0.2份、甜菜碱0.1份、乙二醇苯醚0.1份、苯甲酸苄酯0.2份喷射到⑤制得的无纺布基布上;将第三组分葡萄糖1份、酒石酸2份、木糖醇1份、壳聚糖3份混合,然后将其整理到⑥制得的无纺布基布上,并且将其放置在40-50℃的恒温箱中,恒温12小时以上;将上述制备的无纺布基材在80℃下进行压烫,时间为15min,然后放入焙烘机中采用110℃的温度焙烘10min。即得本发明的功能无纺布。
将实施例1、4、5所获得的功能无纺布进行30次平行水洗,再次测量其抑菌指数,用
(洗涤前的抑菌指数-洗涤后的抑菌指数)/洗涤后的抑菌指数
计算所得结果即为功能无纺布的耐洗性,其中实施例1的耐洗性为97.2%,实施例4为86%,实施例5为71%。由此可见,第二组分和第三组分的喷射压力保持在9:8可以获得显著提高的耐洗效果。
如无特殊说明,本申请中的比例、份数、配比等均是指的重量。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理,而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释,本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式,这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种功能无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,所述无纺布的基材是采用包含功能材料的海藻纤维制备而成的。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述功能材料包括相变微胶囊。
3.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
步骤①制取质量百分比为3%~6%的海藻酸钠溶液;
步骤②在上述海藻酸钠溶液中加入相变微胶囊作为调温添加剂,制取纺丝混合液;
步骤③将上述纺丝混合液采用常规湿法纺丝工艺制取相变调温海藻纤维;
其中所述相变微胶囊平均粒径为0.2μm,囊芯部分的相变物质为C16~C21的直链烷烃,囊材为聚脲型树脂或环氧树脂为囊壁,并采用界面聚合法制取;
步骤④将步骤③制得的相变调温海藻纤维制成无纺布基材;
进一步,在上述无纺布基材上整理抗菌整理剂,所述抗菌整理剂包括第一组分纳米级竹炭粉、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐,第二组分茶多酚改性粉末、苯酚硫酸锌、酒石酸钾钠3-甲基环十五酮、柏子仁、夜交藤,以及第三组分葡萄糖、酒石酸、木糖醇、壳聚糖;
步骤⑤通过高压喷嘴以0.9~1.0MPa的压力将第一组分纳米级竹炭粉、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐喷射到无纺布基布上;
步骤⑥通过高压喷嘴以0.8~0.9MPa的压力将第二组分茶多酚改性粉末、酸枣仁、远志、合欢皮、龙齿、薰衣草、苦豆子提取粉、过硫酸铵、甜菜碱、乙二醇苯醚、苯甲酸苄酯喷射到⑤制得的无纺布基布上;
步骤⑦将第三组分葡萄糖、酒石酸、木糖醇、壳聚糖按照1:2:1:3的质量比混合,然后将其整理到⑥制得的无纺布基布上,并且将其放置在40-50℃的恒温箱中,恒温12小时以上;
步骤⑧将步骤⑦制备的无纺布基材在80-100℃下进行压烫,时间为10-15min,然后放入焙烘机中采用110-115℃的温度焙烘8-10min;
步骤⑤和⑥中高压喷嘴的压力之比为9:8;
其中,茶多酚改性粉末是由下述方法制得的:
(1)将茶叶梗在75-85℃条件下烘干30-60min,然后进行粉碎,并将由此获得的超细粉末置于复合酶处理液中,该复合酶处理液中纤维素酶含量为200-1000U/mL,漆酶含量为10-200U/mL,在pH=5.0-8.0,温度20-40℃条件下处理60-240min;
(2)将步骤(1)处理得到的材料置以质量比1:10-30的比例加入浓度为50-90%的乙醇和10-50%丙酮溶液中,加热50-60℃保温30-60min,过滤浓缩后得到茶多酚浓缩液;
(3)将茶多酚浓缩液中,加入0.1-2g/L维生素C,0.2-5g/L十六烷基聚氧乙烯醚,20-500g/L磷酸二氢钠-柠檬酸,50-500g/L氯化铵的提取液中,料液比为1∶5-30,超声处理5-90min,然后在温度75-100℃下,加热回流提取0.5-5h,冷却,抽滤,
(4)加入0.5-2g/L的葡萄糖、0.5-2g/L柠檬酸、0.5-2g/LEDTA(乙二胺四乙酸)、0.5-2g/L维生素C、0.5-2g/L焦磷酸钠、0.5-2g/L六偏磷酸钠和0.5-5g/L渗透剂JFC,高速搅拌5-30min进行匀浆,然后超声脱气处理5-30min,再高速搅拌5-30min;
(5)冷冻干燥,得到改性茶多酚粉末。
4.如权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,抗菌整理剂的组合物的质量份数分别为:第一组分纳米级竹炭粉0.1-0.3份、聚二甲基硅氧烷二季胺盐0.2-0.3份,第二组分茶多酚改性粉末0.3-0.5份、酸枣仁0.1-0.3份、远志0.2-0.4份、合欢皮0.1-0.5份、龙齿0.1-0.2份、薰衣草0.5份、苦豆子提取粉0.3-0.5份、过硫酸铵0.2-0.4份、甜菜碱0.1-0.5份、乙二醇苯醚0.1-0.5份、苯甲酸苄酯0.2份,以及第三组分葡萄糖1份、酒石酸2份、木糖醇1份、壳聚糖3份。
5.一种由如上述权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法获得的功能无纺布。
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