CN109220680B - Layout method for field test of tobacco varieties and layout drawing making method thereof - Google Patents
Layout method for field test of tobacco varieties and layout drawing making method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a layout method of tobacco variety field test and a layout drawing making method thereof, which are characterized in that seedlings of the tobacco variety are marked by hanging tags with different colors according to the classification of comparison varieties and test materials, the number of repetition of the comparison varieties in a block is determined according to the number of the test materials in the block during field layout, the comparison varieties are randomly and uniformly arranged, the test materials are randomly arranged in a blank area, the same bar codes are printed and pasted on a ground inserting board after the bar codes of the seedlings are moved and scanned, the seedling marks correspond to the cell marks one by one to complete layout, and then the layout drawing of the field variety test is made through code scanning, output and checking. The layout mode of the tobacco variety experiment can meet the demand of assembly line operation of field planting under the condition of large-scale breeding, improves the efficiency and the accuracy of field plot layout, realizes the digital management of the breeding process, and is suitable for large-scale field layout of tobacco varieties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco breeding, and particularly relates to a layout method of a tobacco variety field test and a layout drawing making method thereof.
Background
The tobacco planting is to form ridge and moisture as row cultivation, the tobacco variety field plot is generally divided according to the row direction, the block intervals are divided by middle ditches, the traditional field layout mode is to check on the field, combine the tobacco variety of the experiment, design the field layout chart according to the classic field experiment requirement, and then implement the plot planting according to the field layout chart. Because the tobacco varieties planted on the rows of the residential area are preset, a large amount of time is needed to check the seedlings and the transplanting positions thereof in the transplanting process, particularly when the varieties exceed more than 20, the working strength is increased, the transplanting planting efficiency is influenced, the error rate is extremely high, the general matching between the field layout and the ground can be realized only by repeatedly revising the field layout for many times, and obviously, the traditional tobacco variety layout mode needs to be improved.
Therefore, it is necessary to invent a layout method for field test of tobacco varieties and a layout drawing making method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a layout method for a tobacco variety field test, and aims to provide a layout drawing making method for the tobacco variety field test.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps of seedling marking and field plot variety marking:
A. seedling marking: firstly, marking seedlings of tobacco varieties by using hanging plates with different colors according to categories of comparison varieties and test varieties, namely marking the categories by using the hanging plates with different colors, distinguishing each variety by using different bar codes or two-dimensional codes with the same color in the categories marked by different colors, and sticking the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes on the hanging plates;
B. marking the variety of the field plot: when the field layout is carried out, the number of the repetition of the comparison varieties in the block is determined according to the number of the tested varieties in the block, then the comparison varieties are uniformly arranged randomly, after the positions of the comparison varieties are confirmed and the seedlings are placed in the field, the tested varieties are placed in the rest blank areas randomly, finally, the corresponding bar codes or two-dimensional codes containing variety information on the seedling hanging boards of each variety are copied and then are pasted on the field inserting boards, the color consistency of the seedling hanging boards and the field plot field inserting boards is ensured, and the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the layout can be completed.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by that the manufacturing method is that a layout chart of a tobacco variety field test is manufactured and formed in the field with the layout completed through code scanning, output and checking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the experimental layout method for the tobacco varieties, provided by the invention, through the application of technologies such as label plate color marking, bar code labels, handheld terminal equipment and the like, the assembly line operation requirement of field planting under a large-scale breeding condition can be met, the efficiency and the accuracy of field cell layout are improved, the digital management of a breeding process is realized, the labor intensity of breeding workers is reduced, and the experimental layout method is suitable for large-scale field layout of the tobacco varieties.
2. The invention is especially suitable for field tests with more than 20 varieties, not only effectively saves the time for checking the seedlings and the transplanting positions, reduces the working strength, effectively improves the transplanting efficiency and reduces the error rate, but also can adopt the existing equipment to output the information of the layout diagram in sequence through the arrangement of the bar codes to match the diagram with the ground, thereby greatly shortening the drawing time and improving the accuracy.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The layout method for the tobacco variety field test comprises the following steps of seedling marking and field plot variety marking:
A. seedling marking: firstly, marking seedlings of tobacco varieties by using hanging plates with different colors according to categories of comparison varieties and test varieties, namely marking the categories by using the hanging plates with different colors, distinguishing each variety by using different bar codes or two-dimensional codes with the same color in the categories marked by different colors, and sticking the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes on the hanging plates;
B. marking the variety of the field plot: when the field layout is carried out, the number of the repetition of the comparison varieties in the block is determined according to the number of the tested varieties in the block, then the comparison varieties are uniformly arranged randomly, after the positions of the comparison varieties are confirmed and the seedlings are placed in the field, the tested varieties are placed in the rest blank areas randomly, finally, the corresponding bar codes or two-dimensional codes containing variety information on the seedling hanging boards of each variety are copied and then are pasted on the field inserting boards, the color consistency of the seedling hanging boards and the field plot field inserting boards is ensured, and the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the layout can be completed.
Further, the large category in the step A is that the reference variety and the test variety are respectively used as a large category; or the reference variety is subdivided into a plurality of large categories, and the test variety is taken as one large category; or the reference variety is taken as a large class, and the test variety is subdivided into a plurality of large classes; or the reference variety and the test variety are respectively subdivided into a plurality of large categories.
Further, the large category of the hang tag marks with different colors in the step A is specifically the color hang tag marks the contrast variety, and the white hang tag corresponds to the test variety.
Further, the step A, marking the large types of the hang tags with different colors, specifically, dark hang tags with different colors, and marking the comparison varieties with light hang tags with different colors, wherein the light hang tags correspond to the varieties to be tested; the dark color is any one of blue, coffee, gold, black, red and purple; the light color is any one of white, gray, pink, silver and yellow.
Further, the tobacco variety field test is any one of tobacco variety strain screening, strain comparison and variety resistance identification.
Furthermore, the number of the test varieties is 20-500.
Further, the layout in the step B also comprises a tobacco seedling transplanting layout, wherein the transplanting of a reference variety and a test variety is carried out according to the variety marks of the field subdistricts, 20-24 tobacco plants are planted in each subdistrict of each variety, 2 protection rows are respectively arranged at the head of the field, the protection rows are not arranged at the two ends of the field, the experimental variety is directly cultivated, 4 tobacco plants at the end are removed during investigation, and the 4 tobacco plants to be removed are used as 2 protection rows.
The layout drawing making method for the field test of the tobacco varieties comprises the step of making a layout drawing of the field test of the tobacco varieties in a field which is completely laid out through code scanning, outputting and checking.
Further, the method specifically comprises the steps of drawing a field area group outline map according to the direction and landmarks within 1-3 days after tobacco seedlings are transplanted in a community, wherein the landmarks are field roads, ditches and trees, respectively scanning bar codes or two-dimensional codes of the inserted ground plates by adopting a handheld code scanner with storage and output functions according to the field direction sequence grouping recording line numbers of the zones and storing the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes in the code scanner, then sequentially exporting information groups of the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes on a computer, and additionally marking each distribution of the area groups on the outline map to form a field layout sketch, randomly selecting 5-8 varieties according to the zones and respectively checking, and repeatedly checking if the varieties are wrong until the varieties are checked to be correct, and then manufacturing the field variety test layout map for standby.
Example 1 tobacco Alternaria alternata field resistance identification experiment plot layout
The method is carried out in Yuxi base No. 12 and No. 14 of tobacco agricultural science research institute in Yunnan province in 2018. The tobacco variety to be tested is 58 portions of the test variety in the whole country, province and self-breeding area; resistant control varieties are of 3 types: susceptible variety G140, Xiaohuangjin 1025, resistant variety G28, Changqiu yellow, disease resistant variety Jinghart 1000-1. The sowing time is 3 months and 6 days, and the transplanting time is 4 months and 12 days. 20-24 cigarettes are planted in each cell of each variety, the test is carried out in 2 plots, 2 replicates are arranged in each plot, 2 protection rows are respectively arranged at the head of a field, the protection rows are not arranged at two ends of the field, the experimental variety is directly cultivated, and 4 tobacco plants at the end are removed during investigation (the 4 tobacco plants to be removed are used as 2 protection rows).
The layout of the experimental plot comprises three steps of (A) seedling marking, (B) field plot variety marking, and (C) field variety layout drawing making, and the layout comprises the following steps:
(A) seedling marking: the seedlings of the tobacco variety are classified and marked by labels with different colors: contrasting a susceptible variety G140 and a small golden bell 1025 in the variety, and marking by a red label; medium resistant variety G28, long neck yellow, marked with blue label; disease-resistant varieties of leaf-cleaning yellow and Beiinhart 1000-1 are marked by yellow labels; the varieties to be tested are marked by white labels;
(B) marking the variety of the field plot: when the field layout is carried out, the number of the test materials in the block group is 58, the number of the repetition of the comparison varieties in the block group is 2, then the comparison varieties are uniformly arranged randomly, after the positions of the comparison varieties are confirmed and the seedlings are placed in the field, the test varieties are placed in the rest blank areas randomly, finally, the corresponding bar codes or two-dimensional codes containing variety information on the seedling hanging plates of all varieties are copied and then are pasted on the field inserting plate, the color consistency of the seedling hanging plates and the field plot field inserting plate is ensured, and the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the layout can be completed;
(C) making a field variety layout: making a field variety test layout by scanning, storing and checking; on the 3 rd day after the transplanting of the plot, drawing a contour map of the plot of the field area according to the position and landmarks such as the field roads, ditches, trees and the like, then respectively scanning and storing the bar codes of the inserting ground plates in the code scanner by adopting a handheld code scanner with storage and output functions according to the sequence of the position of the plot field in groups, sequentially leading out the bar codes on a computer according to the groups, additionally marking the distribution of each plot on the contour map to form a field layout sketch, randomly taking 8 varieties according to the plots, respectively checking the varieties if the varieties are wrong, repeatedly checking the varieties until the varieties are checked to be correct, and then manufacturing the field variety test layout map for standby.
The average working hour for transplanting and distributing seedlings of the layout method is 8 working hours per mu, compared with the conventional method, the working hour is reduced by 4 working hours per mu, and the error rate is 0%; the average working hour of the working hour used for making the layout chart is 3 per mu, compared with the conventional method, the working hour is shortened by 3, and the layout chart can be directly checked for standby after one-time check.
Example 2
In 2018, a field test of tobacco variety strain screening was performed at Yuxi base, a institute of tobacco agricultural science and science, Yunnan province. The layout method of the tobacco variety field test comprises seedling marking and field plot variety marking, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. seedling marking: firstly, marking seedlings of tobacco varieties by using hanging plates with different colors according to categories of comparison varieties and test varieties, namely marking the categories by using the hanging plates with different colors, distinguishing each variety by using different bar codes or two-dimensional codes with the same color in the categories marked by different colors, and sticking the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes on the hanging plates;
the number of the test varieties is 20; the large category is that the reference variety and the test variety are respectively used as one large category; the large category of the hang tag marks with different colors is specifically a colored hang tag mark contrast variety, and a white hang tag corresponds to a test variety.
B. Marking the variety of the field plot: when the field layout is carried out, the number of the repetition of the comparison varieties in the block is determined according to the number of the tested varieties in the block, then the comparison varieties are uniformly arranged randomly, after the positions of the comparison varieties are confirmed and the seedlings are placed in the field, the tested varieties are placed in the rest blank areas randomly, finally, the corresponding bar codes or two-dimensional codes containing variety information on the seedling hanging boards of each variety are copied and then are pasted on the field inserting boards, the color consistency of the seedling hanging boards and the field plot field inserting boards is ensured, and the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the layout can be completed. The layout also comprises a tobacco seedling transplanting layout, wherein the transplanting of a reference variety and a test variety is carried out according to the variety marks of the field districts, 20 tobacco plants are planted in each district of each variety, 2 protection rows are respectively arranged at the head of the field, the protection rows are not arranged at the two ends of the field, the experimental variety is directly cultivated, 4 tobacco plants at the end are removed during investigation, and the 4 tobacco plants to be removed serve as 2 protection rows.
A layout drawing making method for field test of tobacco variety includes such steps as scanning, outputting and checking to form a layout drawing for field test of tobacco variety, the method specifically comprises the steps of firstly drawing a field block contour map according to the direction and landmarks within 1 day after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted in a cell, the landmarks are field roads, ditches and trees, then the hand-held code scanner with storage and output functions is adopted to respectively scan the bar codes or two-dimensional codes of the insert ground plates according to the grouping record line number of the field position sequence of the zone group and store the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes in the code scanner, then the information of the bar code or the two-dimensional code is exported by groups in sequence on a computer, the distribution of each block is additionally marked on the outline drawing to form a field layout sketch, 6 varieties are randomly selected according to the block groups to be respectively checked, if the error exists, the check is repeated until the error does not exist, and then a field variety test layout can be manufactured and formed for future use.
The average working hour for transplanting and distributing seedlings of the layout method is 8 working hours per mu, compared with the conventional method, the working hour is reduced by 4 working hours per mu, and the error rate is 0%; the average working hour of the working hour used for making the layout chart is 3 per mu, compared with the conventional method, the working hour is shortened by 3, and the layout chart can be directly checked for standby after one-time check.
Example 3
In 2018, field tests of strain screening, strain comparison and variety resistance identification of tobacco varieties are carried out in Yuxi base of tobacco agricultural science research institute in Yunnan province, and the layout method of the field test of the tobacco varieties comprises seedling marking and field community variety marking, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. seedling marking: firstly, marking seedlings of tobacco varieties by using hanging plates with different colors according to categories of comparison varieties and test varieties, namely marking the categories by using the hanging plates with different colors, distinguishing each variety by using different bar codes or two-dimensional codes with the same color in the categories marked by different colors, and sticking the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes on the hanging plates; the number of the test varieties is 500. The large category is that the reference variety and the test variety are respectively subdivided into 5 large categories;
the hang tags with different colors are used for marking a large variety, specifically, the hang tags with deep color are used for marking a comparison variety, and the hang tags with light color correspond to a test variety; the dark color is blue, coffee, red, black or purple; the light color is white, gray, pink, silver or yellow.
B. Marking the variety of the field plot: when the field layout is carried out, the number of the repetition of the comparison varieties in the block is determined according to the number of the tested varieties in the block, then the comparison varieties are uniformly arranged randomly, after the positions of the comparison varieties are confirmed and the seedlings are placed in the field, the tested varieties are placed in the rest blank areas randomly, finally, the corresponding bar codes or two-dimensional codes containing variety information on the seedling hanging boards of each variety are copied and then are pasted on the field inserting boards, the color consistency of the seedling hanging boards and the field plot field inserting boards is ensured, and the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the layout can be completed. The layout also comprises a tobacco seedling transplanting layout, wherein the transplanting of a reference variety and a test variety is carried out according to the variety marks of the field districts, 24 tobacco plants are planted in each district of each variety, 2 protection rows are respectively arranged at the head of the field, the protection rows are not arranged at the two ends of the field, the experimental variety is directly cultivated, 4 tobacco plants at the end are removed during investigation, and the 4 tobacco plants to be removed serve as 2 protection rows.
A layout drawing making method for field test of tobacco variety includes such steps as scanning, outputting and checking to form a layout drawing for field test of tobacco variety, the method specifically comprises the steps of firstly drawing a field block contour map according to the direction and landmarks within 2 days after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted in a cell, the landmarks are field roads, ditches and trees, then the hand-held code scanner with storage and output functions is adopted to respectively scan the bar codes or two-dimensional codes of the insert ground plates according to the grouping record line number of the field position sequence of the zone group and store the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes in the code scanner, then the information of the bar code or the two-dimensional code is exported by groups in sequence on a computer, the distribution of each block is additionally marked on the outline drawing to form a field layout sketch, 5 varieties are randomly selected according to the block groups to be respectively checked, if the error exists, the check is repeated until the error does not exist, and then a field variety test layout can be manufactured and formed for future use.
The average working hour for transplanting and distributing seedlings of the layout method is 8 working hours per mu, compared with the conventional method, the working hour is reduced by 4 working hours per mu, and the error rate is 0%; the average working hour of the working hour used for making the layout chart is 3 per mu, compared with the conventional method, the working hour is shortened by 3, and the layout chart can be directly checked for standby after one-time check.
Example 4
In 2018, field tests of strain screening, strain comparison and variety resistance identification of tobacco varieties are carried out in Yuxi base of tobacco agricultural science research institute in Yunnan province, and the layout method of the field test of the tobacco varieties comprises seedling marking and field community variety marking, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. seedling marking: firstly, marking seedlings of tobacco varieties by using hanging plates with different colors according to categories of comparison varieties and test varieties, namely marking the categories by using the hanging plates with different colors, distinguishing each variety by using different bar codes or two-dimensional codes with the same color in the categories marked by different colors, and sticking the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes on the hanging plates; the number of the test varieties is 100.
The large category is that the reference variety is taken as one large category, and the test variety is subdivided into 4 large categories. The hang tags with different colors are used for marking a large variety, specifically, the hang tags with deep color are used for marking a comparison variety, and the hang tags with light color correspond to a test variety; the dark color is red; the light color is white, gray, pink or silver.
B. Marking the variety of the field plot: when the field layout is carried out, the number of the repetition of the comparison varieties in the block is determined according to the number of the tested varieties in the block, then the comparison varieties are uniformly arranged randomly, after the positions of the comparison varieties are confirmed and the seedlings are placed in the field, the tested varieties are placed in the rest blank areas randomly, finally, the corresponding bar codes or two-dimensional codes containing variety information on the seedling hanging boards of each variety are copied and then are pasted on the field inserting boards, the color consistency of the seedling hanging boards and the field plot field inserting boards is ensured, and the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the layout can be completed.
The layout also comprises a tobacco seedling transplanting layout, wherein the transplanting of a reference variety and a test variety is carried out according to the variety marks of the field districts, 22 tobacco plants are planted in each district of each variety, 2 protection rows are respectively arranged at the head of the field, the protection rows are not arranged at the two ends of the field, the experimental variety is directly cultivated, 4 tobacco plants at the end are removed during investigation, and the 4 tobacco plants to be removed serve as 2 protection rows.
A layout drawing making method for field test of tobacco variety includes such steps as scanning, outputting and checking to form a layout drawing for field test of tobacco variety, the method specifically comprises the steps of firstly drawing a field block contour map according to the direction and landmarks within 3 days after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted in a cell, the landmarks are field roads, ditches and trees, then the hand-held code scanner with storage and output functions is adopted to respectively scan the bar codes or two-dimensional codes of the insert ground plates according to the grouping record line number of the field position sequence of the zone group and store the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes in the code scanner, then the information of the bar code or the two-dimensional code is exported by groups in sequence on a computer, the distribution of each block is additionally marked on the outline drawing to form a field layout sketch, 7 varieties are randomly selected according to the block groups to be respectively checked, if the error exists, the check is repeated until the error does not exist, and then a field variety test layout can be manufactured and formed for future use.
The average working hour for transplanting and distributing seedlings of the layout method is 8 working hours per mu, compared with the conventional method, the working hour is reduced by 4 working hours per mu, and the error rate is 0%; the average working hour of the working hour used for making the layout chart is 3 per mu, compared with the conventional method, the working hour is shortened by 3, and the layout chart can be directly checked for standby after one-time check.
Claims (7)
1. A layout method for field tests of tobacco varieties is characterized by comprising a seedling mark and a field plot variety mark, and comprises the following steps:
A. seedling marking: firstly, marking seedlings of tobacco varieties by using hanging plates with different colors according to categories of comparison varieties and test varieties, namely marking the categories by using the hanging plates with different colors, distinguishing each variety by using different bar codes or two-dimensional codes with the same color in the categories marked by different colors, and sticking the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes on the hanging plates; the number of the tested varieties is 20-500;
B. marking the variety of the field plot: when the field layout is carried out, the number of the repetition of the comparison varieties in the block is determined according to the number of the tested varieties in the block, then the comparison varieties are uniformly arranged randomly, after the positions of the comparison varieties are confirmed and the seedlings are placed in the field, the tested varieties are placed in the rest blank areas randomly, finally, the corresponding bar codes or two-dimensional codes containing variety information on the seedling hanging boards of all varieties are copied and then are pasted on the field inserting boards, the color consistency of the seedling hanging boards and the field plot field inserting boards is ensured, and the layout is finished after the bar codes or the two-dimensional codes are in one-to-one correspondence.
2. The layout method for field trials of tobacco varieties according to claim 1, wherein the large category in step a is a large category of the control variety and the test variety; or the reference variety is subdivided into a plurality of large categories, and the test variety is taken as one large category; or the reference variety is taken as a large class, and the test variety is subdivided into a plurality of large classes; or the reference variety and the test variety are respectively subdivided into a plurality of large categories.
3. The layout method for field trials of tobacco varieties according to claim 1, wherein in step a, the cards with different colors are used to mark the general varieties, specifically, the colored cards are used to mark the control varieties, and the white cards correspond to the varieties to be tested.
4. The layout method for the field test of tobacco varieties according to claim 1, wherein in the step A, the hang tags with different colors are used for marking a large variety, specifically, dark hang tags are used for marking a reference variety, and light hang tags correspond to a test variety; the dark color is any one of blue, coffee, gold, black, red and purple; the light color is any one of white, gray, pink, silver and yellow.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the tobacco variety field trial is any one of tobacco variety strain screening, strain comparison, and variety resistance identification.
6. The layout method for the field test of the tobacco varieties according to claim 1, wherein the layout in the step B further comprises a tobacco seedling transplanting layout, the transplanting of the control varieties and the test varieties is carried out according to the variety marks of the field cells, 20-24 tobacco plants are planted in each cell of each variety, 2 protection rows are respectively arranged at the head of the field, no protection row is arranged at the two ends of each variety, the experimental varieties are directly cultivated, 4 tobacco plants at the ends are removed during the investigation, and 4 tobacco plants to be removed are taken as 2 protection rows.
7. A layout drawing making method for a tobacco variety field test according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the making method comprises making a layout drawing for forming the tobacco variety field test by scanning, outputting and checking in a field with the layout completed, and specifically, within 1 to 3 days after completion of tobacco seedling transplantation in a cell, drawing a field block outline drawing according to orientation and landmarks, wherein the landmarks are field roads, ditches and trees, then respectively scanning and storing a bar code or a two-dimensional code of an inserting ground plate in a code scanner by a handheld code scanner with storage and output functions according to the block field orientation sequence grouping recording line number, then sequentially exporting the information of the bar code or the two-dimensional code in groups on a computer, and additionally marking each block distribution on the outline drawing to form a field layout sketch, randomly taking 5 to 8 varieties according to the groups for respective checking, if the error exists, the check is repeated until the error does not exist, and then a field variety test layout can be manufactured and formed for future use.
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