CN109169121A - A kind of soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method for arid area - Google Patents
A kind of soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method for arid area Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method for arid area, it is related to field of plant growing technology, including site preparation and fertilization, broadcasts preceding ridging, seed treatment, sowing, field management and harvest.The present invention constructs High ridge wide row in ridging before broadcasting; i.e. the height of ridge body, width etc. are all larger than traditional Bunch planting ridge body; the cooperation of application plant growth regulator and other measures when rational close planting, field management is carried out when sowing by the way of wide-and narrow-row; coordinate the relationship of nutrient growth and reproductive growth; regulating and controlling soybean growth and development stage makes soybean yields improve 15% or more, and the envelope ridge time does sth. in advance 3d~4d; it is suitable for extensive mechanized operation, to reduce production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of soybean wide-and narrow-row cultivation side for arid area
Method.
Background technique
Northeast China San Sheng and Inner Mongol soybean oil plant crop belts are important grain-production areas and commodity food oil base of China
Ground plays an important role in national food and oil safety strategy.Soybean is rich in protein and grease, nutriture value with higher
Value.Its capital consumption mode is that edible (making bean product etc.) and oil expression (produce soya-bean oil and dregs of beans, dregs of beans are the main originals of animal husbandry
Material).As the increase of Chinese population, the development of domestic economy and diet structure gradually tend to high protein, soybean consumption exists
It will keep continuing the trend of steady-state growth in for quite a long time.
Currently, many countries take stringent management measure to genetically engineered soybean in the world, genetically engineered soybean with non-turn
Transgenic soybean will compete with one another in certain phase, long-term co-existence.Non-transgenic and high protein double grading are Chinese soybeans
Exclusive advantage, and Asian eating habit tends to bean product.Therefore, market development prospect both at home and abroad will be very wide
It is wealthy, domestic soybean non-transgenic and high protein advantage are played, implements positive Non-transgenic soybean production, takes product differentiation
Change strategy, increase the promotion efficiency of domestic soybean plantation, development characteristic specialized soybean is produced, promotes Chinese farmers plantation tradition
The enthusiasm and effective levels of soybean are of great significance.
For many years, for research and extension high yield of soybean technology, the Ministry of Agriculture's goalkeeper's corn planting region is advanced to north
Soybean production band to the north of 48 ° of latitude, causes Agricultural Risks to increase.To avoid risk, grain beans bumper harvests are obtained, foundation is with soybean
The scientific rotation system of core is carried out corn-wheat (potato)-beans rotation system and is subtracted to consolidate the status of northeast soybean main producing region
Few remains of pesticide pollution, reduces Agricultural Risks, to improve farmers' income.However, being located in Daxing'an Mountainrange mountain range Southeastern Foot, especially
Its Daxing'an Mountainrange belongs to the continental grassland climate in middle temperate zone on the Black soil zone of song-Nen plain transition, temperature year, monthly error compared with
Greatly, frost-free period is short, and spring arid, wind is big, quick heating, and acutely, summer is very brief, winter very long cold for autumn cooling, and sunshine is abundant,
Rain heat same season.Average annual precipitation 450mm~500mm, frost-free period 90d~130d, >=10 DEG C 1900 DEG C~2350 DEG C of annual accumution, greatly
Beans yield is hovered always in reduced levels.Restrict the principal element of local Soybean production: first is that low output, planting benefit deviation,
Especially with corn, that potatoes and other crops compare benefit is relatively low；Second is that it is suitble to the high quality soybean new varieties of the Regional cultivation less,
Many main breeds have been planted for many years, degradation phenomena occur；Third is that the generations such as interim arid, low temperature are frequent.
Begin from the 80s and 90s in last century, research department of Heilongjiang Province answers in northeast soybean main producing region, emphasis Demonstration And Extension
To bis- (three) the row dense planting Techniques for Super High-yielding Cultivation of big ridge plateau (i.e. traditional ridge two (three) is cultivated), refer in conventional 650mm
Row spacing, equidistant duplicate rows (or three rows) precision point sowing on ridge plant lower side deep fertilizing, obtain good effect.However, for being located at east
Bei San is saved for western and east Inner Mongolia drought-hit area Soybean-planting, since all many conditions such as above-mentioned weather are limited, equidistant duplicate rows
Plant daylighting is poor, and ground temperature is lower, is only difficult to realize by traditional water-fertilizer conditioning, it is necessary to explore a set of suitable for punja
The planting technology that area's Mechanization Technique is combined with other agronomic measures makes full use of local illumination, hydrothermal condition, realizes people
The hope for the commodity oil plant soybean that required yield is high, quality is excellent.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to solve the problems, such as that the culture method for soybea yield of arid area in the prior art can not be obviously improved,
A kind of soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method for arid area is provided, dramatically increases production in the case where guaranteeing soybean quality
Amount, keeps soybean precocity well done, and beanpod is made to concentrate knot beans to realize Fully-mechanized operation.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
The present invention provides a kind of soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method for arid area, including site preparation and fertilization, broadcast before rise
Ridge, seed treatment, sowing, field management and harvest；
It is described broadcast before in ridging, ridge body be it is trapezoidal, the ridge body height is 180mm~200mm, ridge bottom width degree is 1200mm
~1500mm, ridge top width degree are 1000mm~1200mm；
When the sowing, pushed up on ridge and six row seedling bands sowed in the alternate mode of wide-and narrow-row, wide row seedling band spacing be 200mm~
240mm, narrow row seedling band spacing is 120mm~140mm；
Drip irrigation appliance is arranged in the seedling interband, the carry out trickle irrigation from sowing；
The field management includes fertilizing management, weed control, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and cold-proof heats；
The fertilizing management includes imposing urea and brassin lactones to florescence in seedling stage, is urinated in fruiting period foliage-spray
Element and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the six rows seedling band is away from ridge top margin away from for 80mm~95mm.
Preferably, when the sowing, thickness of sowing is 420,000 plants/hectare~450,000 plants/hectare.
Preferably, when the sowing, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is after planting applied, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer dose is
10kg/ mus~20kg/ mus.
Preferably, the water dropper water yield of the drip irrigation appliance be 1.3L/H~1.8L/H, adjacent water dropper distance 300mm~
400mm, the operating pressure of drip irrigation appliance are 0.08MPa~0.12MPa.
Preferably, in the fertilizing management, seedling stage to florescence imposes 5kg/ hectares of urea~10kg/ hectares, brassin
30g/ hectares~60g/ hectares of lactone；In 7kg/ hectares~8kg/ hectares of fruiting period foliage-spray urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg/
Hectare~4kg/ hectares.
Preferably, it is heated by the way that intertillage progress is cold-proof, the intertillage depth is 250mm~300mm.
Preferably, the site preparation and fertilization are as follows: apply base manure after turned over, the depth turned over be 250mm~
300mm；
The base manure includes 60000kg/ hectares~75000kg/ hectares of decomposed manure, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride 75kg/
Hectare~150kg/ hectares, 300kg/ hectares~450kg/ hectares of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 75kg/ hectares~150kg/ hectares of urea.
Preferably, the seed treatment are as follows: handle 35% more good fortune seed coat agents of seed, the seed is cleanliness 99%
Above, 98% or more germination percentage, water content are not higher than 12% soya seeds.
Preferably, the soybean varieties are selected from covering beans 30, cover beans 13, middle yellow 901 or pass the civil service examinations 8.
Compared with prior art, technical solution provided by the invention has the advantage that
The present invention provides a kind of soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method for arid area, including site preparation and fertilization, broadcast before rise
Ridge, seed treatment, sowing, field management and harvest.It is described broadcast before in ridging, ridge body be it is trapezoidal, the ridge body height is 180mm
~200mm, ridge bottom width degree are 1200mm~1500mm, ridge top width degree is 1000mm~1200mm；When the sowing, ridge push up with
The alternate mode of wide-and narrow-row sows six row seedling bands, and wide row seedling band spacing is 200mm~240mm, narrow row seedling band spacing be 120mm~
140mm；Drip irrigation appliance is arranged in the seedling interband, the carry out trickle irrigation from sowing；The field management includes fertilizing management, weeds
It prevents and kill off, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and cold-proof heat；The fertilizing management includes imposing in urea and brassin to florescence in seedling stage
Ester, in fruiting period foliage-spray urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method provided by the invention can simultaneously really
Soybean planting density and soybean quality are protected, is suitable for the plantation of resistance to close type soybean varieties, compared to conventional Bunch planting method
Planting density can increase by 15%~20%, 420,000 plant/hectare of soybean~450,000 plants/hectare.San Sheng and the Inner Mongol in Northeast China
East arid ridge culture area be applicable in, be particularly suitable for the concentration of landholdings in flakes, have been carried out scale circulation soil, large-scale production
Soybean producing region, have the Soybean Field of large and medium-sized mechanical full range operation.
Soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method of the present invention using plant growth regulating substance as means, cooperate High ridge wide row and
The measures such as wide-and narrow-row sowing on ridge, it is ensured that seedlings are uniform and strong, well done precocity, can effectively shorten soybean germination emergence, growth of seedling, flower
Bud differentiation blooms and bears pods, rouses grain and maturity period, and the beanpod of soybean is made to concentrate knot beans, so that suitable for mechanized harvest acts on,
Harvest cost is reduced, planting benefit is improved.Soybean yields can be made to improve 15% or more, the envelope ridge time does sth. in advance 3d~4d.
The ridge body that the present invention is constructed in ridging before broadcasting be it is trapezoidal, the ridge body height be 180mm~200mm, ridge bottom width
Degree is 1200mm~1500mm, ridge top width degree is 1000mm~1200mm.Ridge body relative to traditional Bunch planting ridge body it is higher,
Wider, having many advantages, such as to heat fast, emergence rate, to be up to 95% or more, emergence neat, and knot is sowed on ridge body of the present invention
The application for closing plant growth regulator can influence soybean physiology period, and soya seeds seedling-growing time is made to shift to an earlier date 2d~3d, seal ridge
Time advance 3d~4d, is able to extend the growth period of soybean, increases soybean and bears pods quantity.
The present invention sows six row seedling bands at seeding time, in the alternate mode of wide-and narrow-row, wide row seedling band spacing be 200mm~
240mm, narrow row seedling band spacing is 120mm~140mm；Drip irrigation appliance is arranged in the seedling interband, the carry out trickle irrigation from sowing.This
Invention keeps crop daylighting within entire growth period sufficient, illumination is abundant, and uniformity is high using the mode of wide-and narrow-row sowing.Relatively
The alternate seedling band of six row wide-narrows is arranged on ridge, suitably mentions by the double row sowing mode on ridge in traditional Bunch planting, the present invention
High soybean thickness of sowing can effectively utilize the mild illumination resource in the special ground in arid area, in the feelings for guaranteeing soybean quality
Soybean yields is effectively promoted under condition.
The present invention uses ridge body higher relative to conventional ridge body, broader to plant soybean, is conducive to extensive machinery and is turned into
Industry reduces cost of labor, reduces operating cost, and the operating cost relative to conventional Bunch planting method can reduce by 15%~
20%, average per hectare reduces 270 yuan~300 yuan of operation ingredient, average to increase production per acre relative to traditional Bunch planting method
19.1%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the ridge body schematic diagram in the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method of the present invention for arid area；
S is ridge bottom width degree, and H is ridge body height, and G is ridge top width degree, and L1 is wide row seedling band spacing, and L2 is narrow row seedling interband
Away from.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method for arid area, including site preparation and fertilization, broadcast before rise
Ridge, seed treatment, sowing, field management and harvest.
It is described broadcast before in ridging, ridge body be it is trapezoidal, the ridge body height is 180mm~200mm, ridge bottom width degree is 1200mm
~1500mm, ridge top width degree are 1000mm~1200mm；
When the sowing, pushed up on ridge and six row seedling bands sowed in the alternate mode of wide-and narrow-row, wide row seedling band spacing be 200mm~
240mm, narrow row seedling band spacing is 120mm~140mm；
Drip irrigation appliance is arranged in the seedling interband, the carry out trickle irrigation from sowing；
The field management includes fertilizing management, weed control, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and cold-proof heats；
The fertilizing management includes imposing urea and brassin lactones to florescence in seedling stage, is urinated in fruiting period foliage-spray
Element and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the present invention, the arid area includes the area in the Inner Mongol, northeast and similar climatic environment.
Culture method for soybea of the present invention includes site preparation and fertilization, broadcasts preceding ridging, seed treatment, sowing, field management
With harvest step.
In the present invention, the plot of the soybean culture is preferably the sandy loam or loam that topography is flat, soil layer is deep, should
Plot is that slight alkaline land also may be used.Plot is conducive to extensive mechanized operation in choice set.
In the present invention, the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method for arid area can cooperate using soybean as core
In the crop rotation methods such as corn-wheat (potato)-beans.
In site preparation and fertilization of the present invention, turned over after applying base manure, ploughed depth is preferably 250mm~300mm.
In the present invention, it is described turn over after soil should reach Horizon, soil broken, entropy foot, without stubble sundries and defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower standard.
Cooperation base manure carry out turning over main function being prepared for soybean growth.
Currently preferred, it is soybean growth that the base manure applied in site preparation, which is to increase soil fertility,
Sufficient nutrition is provided.Currently preferred, the base manure includes 60000kg/ hectares of decomposed manure~75000kg/ hectares, sulphur
Sour potassium or 75kg/ hectares~150kg/ hectares of potassium chloride, 300kg/ hectares~450kg/ hectares of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and urea 75kg/
Hectare~150kg/ hectares；It more preferably include 65000kg/ hectares~70000kg/ hectares of decomposed manure, potassium sulfate or chlorine
80kg/ hectares of potassium 90kg/ hectares~120kg/ hectares of change, 350kg/ hectares~400kg/ hectares of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and urea~
100kg/ hectares.
In the present invention, the content of organic matter is not less than 15% in the decomposed manure, and the present invention is for decomposed manure
Source be not particularly limited, using commercial goods or voluntarily what is prepared meets the decomposed manure of above-mentioned condition.The present invention
Preferably, in order to reduce planting cost, decomposed manure made of the decomposed fermentation of farmers''s excrement may be selected.
The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and uric acid, specific using full
The defined fertilizer of sufficient NY/T 496 and GB 6274.
Base manure of the present invention cooperates a small amount of chemical fertilizer based on decomposed manure, be added a small amount of chemical fertilizer purpose be in order to
Energy is provided using its quick-release effect, and decomposed manure then can provide nutrition for soybean growth the long period, promote
Soil-ripening improves ground temperature, eliminates disease pest weeds.
In the present invention, the site preparation and fertilization step is in the area for having irrigation conditions, can also using autumn organic fertilizer,
The above-mentioned site preparation and fertilization step of routine operation substitution on winter remittance ground, early spring top Ling Geng a kind of farm tools, obtains identical effect.
After site preparation and fertilization, the present invention carries out ridging prior to seeding, and the ridge body of ridging is trapezoidal, the ridge body structure such as Fig. 1
Shown: the ridge body height H is 180mm~200mm, ridge bottom width degree S is 1200mm~1500mm, ridge top width G is 1000mm
~1200mm.Ridge body width that the present invention constructs highly is greater than conventional Bunch planting method, heats speed faster, emerges
Uniformity is high, soybean seedling-growing time can be made to do sth. in advance 2d~3d, to extend the growth period of soybean and shorten its germination period.At this
Invent and plant soybean on the ridge body of building, it is abundant to heat fast and illumination using ground temperature so that soybean growth period, go out branch, bloom,
Fruiting period and maturity period more concentrate, and improve the quantity that bears pods of soybean, and then increase yield.
In the present invention, the height H of the ridge body is preferably 190mm；The ridge bottom width degree S be preferably 1300mm~
1400mm；Ridge top width G is preferably 1100mm；The ridge top spacing of the two neighboring ridge body is preferably 90mm~100mm.
The ridge body that the present invention constructs is mentioned than wide one times of ridge body or so of conventional Bunch planting method to push up enterprising line width narrow-row drilling on ridge
For basis.
The present invention is not particularly limited the length of the ridge body, is determined according to the size in plantation area.
Since the ridge body that constructs of the present invention is more tall and big, be convenient for mechanized operation, it is currently preferred using 200 horsepowers with
On tractor and matched large-scale ridger carry out ridging, mechanized operation advantageously reduces ridging cost.It is of the present invention
Site preparation preferably uses machine of working soil to carry out, and depth of soil preparation is preferably no less than 300mm.
The present invention pre-processes soya seeds before soybean planting, mainly to the disease-resistant harm of soya seeds
Reason.
Seed quality used by culture method for soybea of the present invention should meet the regulation of GB4404.0.
Currently preferred 99% or more cleanliness of selection, 98% or more germination percentage, water content are not higher than 12% Soybean Species
The drug of the soya seeds of selection preventing disease and pest is coated or is dressed seed by son, with prevent soybean aphid, thrips, latent root fly,
The root disease and pests such as root rot.It is currently preferred, when preventing and treating root rot, thrips, aphid, more than 35% good fortune gram suspension kind can be selected
Clothing agent is dressed seed with soya seeds；It is furthermore preferred that the pesticide-seeds ratio of more than the 35% good fortune gram suspension seed-coating agent and seed is 1:50
~70, further preferably 1:60.It is currently preferred, when preventing and treating root rot, the suspension kind of 62.5g/L essence first fludioxonil can be selected
Clothing agent is dressed seed or is coated with soya seeds；It is furthermore preferred that the 62.5g/L essence first fludioxonil suspension seed-coating agent and Soybean Species
The pesticide-seeds ratio of son is 1:250~333, further preferably 1:280~300.
After completing soya seeds processing, the present invention pushes up the soya seeds sowing of processing on ridge, pushes up on ridge with wide-and narrow-row phase
Between mode sow six row seedling bands, wide row seedling band spacing is 200mm~240mm, and narrow row seedling band spacing is 120mm~140mm.
In the present invention, in six alternate row seedling bands of the wide-and narrow-row of ridge top sowing, the wide row seedling band spacing L1 is excellent
It is selected as 210mm~230mm, more preferably 220mm；The narrow row seedling band spacing L2 is preferably 125mm~135mm, more preferably
130mm；The seedling band adjacent with ridge top edge is away from ridge top edge 80mm~95mm in the three rows seedling band；More preferably 85mm.
The present invention pushes up sowing using ridge and carries out increasing soybean planting density by the way of wide-and narrow-row sowing, makes Soybean Density 42
Ten thousand plants/hectare~450,000 plants/hectare.The present invention can be improved land utilization ratio by rational close planting, and the cooperation present invention constructs
More high, wide big ridge, can be effectively utilized mild illumination, so that will not influence soybean quality after planting density increase,
Soybean yields is dramatically increased on the basis of ensuring soybean quality.
In the present invention, the sowing opportunity of the soya seeds is preferably that the daily mean temperature of 50mm~100mm soil layer is steady
It is sowed when being scheduled on 8 DEG C~10 DEG C, generally the early and middle ten days in May in arid area.It is currently preferred, when the soya seeds
When kind is late variety, appropriate early sowing is answered；When soya seeds kind of the present invention is early-maturing variety, appropriate evening is answered to broadcast,
To avoid frost damage.The specific sowing time determines according to the growth period of soybean varieties and the regional frost-free period length of plantation.
In the present invention, the seeding method of the soya seeds is preferably bunch planting.In the present invention, the soya seeds
Depth of planting is preferably 30mm~50mm, more preferably 40mm.Specific depth of planting is determining according to weather, edaphic condition, with
Guarantee to fall when sowing seed uniformly, covering it is tight.Every equidistant shattering of row seed.
In the present invention, the application rate of the soya seeds is preferably 85.2kg/ hectares~97.5kg/ hectares, more preferably
It is 88kg/ hectares~95kg/ hectares.The present invention at seeding time, preferably controls between rice shattering 13~16；More preferably 14
Grain~15.
The present invention is in sowing while applying nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied mode by side locating depth and applied
Enter.In the present invention, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is preferably slow release compound fertilizer.In the present invention, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer
In N, P2O5And K2The mass ratio of O is preferably 13~15:19:12.In the present invention, the dose of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer
Preferably 195kg/ mus~225kg/ mus, more preferably 200kg/ mus.In the present invention, it is desirable that when side locating depth is applied, fertilizer application
At seed side-lower 50mm~60mm；When normotopia layered deep placement, fertilizer application 50mm or less immediately below seed, it is desirable that the depth
Unanimously.Specific fertilizer application mode can refer to the requirement of NY/T 496.
The present invention is additionally provided with drip irrigation appliance in the seedling interband of sowing, the carry out trickle irrigation from sowing.It is currently preferred,
The drip irrigation appliance is laid with together while sowing.Currently preferred use can disposably complete to be laid with droping irrigating pipe, apply
Fertile, sowing and earthing operation beans precision planter, the quality and safety of the beans precision planter are used referring to NT/T
The regulation of 1143 and GB 16151.9.
In the present invention, the drip irrigation appliance is preferably water dropper internally-inlaid drip irrigation zone.It is currently preferred, the trickle irrigation dress
The water dropper water yield set is preferably 1.3L/H~1.8L/H, more preferably 1.4L/H~1.6L/H；The water dropper distance is preferably
300mm~400mm, more preferably 340mm~380mm；The operating pressure of the drip irrigation appliance be preferably 0.08MPa~
0.12MPa, more preferably 0.1MPa.The present invention carries out whole trickle irrigation to big bean seedlings band, is conducive to increase soybean yields, and reduce
Water consumption, save the cost.
Field management of the present invention include fertilizing management, weed control, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and it is cold-proof heat, this four
Kind processing has no sequencing limitation between each other.
The fertilizing management preferably includes the top dressing of seedling stage to florescence and fruiting period top dressing.
It is currently preferred, urea and brassin lactones are imposed to soybean to florescence in seedling stage；More preferably impose urine
The amount of element is 5kg/ hectares~10kg/ hectares, and the amount for imposing brassin lactones is 30g/ hectares~60g/ hectares；Most preferably chase after
Urea 6kg/ public affairs~8kg/ hectares are applied, impose 40kg/ hectares~50kg/ hectares of brassin lactones.In the urea and brassin
The method that imposes of ester is preferably watered rear foliage-spray；It is currently preferred that urea is diluted to mass-volume concentration 1.5 with water
~2.0%.
In the present invention, the top dressing number in the seedling stage to florescence is preferably 1 time~2 times.
Brassin lactones are a plant growth regulators, the present invention in seedling stage to florescence when use plant growth regulating
Agent can be effectively increased to cooperate ridge body of the present invention to control soybean growth period and upgrowth situation
The resistance to osmotic pressure ability of soya cells, improves soybean leaves drought-resistant ability and enhances the photosynthetic work of blade the anti-stress ability of enhancing
With cooperation dense planting significantly improves soybean yields, and ensures that soybean yields is stablized at 2250kg/ hectares or more, relative to conventional big
Beans planting type increases 300kg or more, 15% or more rate of growth.
In the present invention, the fruiting period preferred foliage-spray urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate carry out top dressing；It is furthermore preferred that
The urea amount of application is 7kg/ hectares~8kg/ hectares, 2kg/ hectares~4kg/ hectares of potassium dihydrogen phosphate amount of application；Most preferably
It is 7.5kg/ hectares for urea amount of application, 3kg/ hectares of potassium dihydrogen phosphate amount of application.Urea and biphosphate are imposed in fruiting period
Potassium can be such that soybean potassium decomposing quantity increases, and promote accumulation of photosynthate, to increase the grain number and yield of soybean, soybean yields can increase
Add 5% or more.
Fertilizing management of the present invention can preferably be fulfiled assignment by the matched plant protection mechanism of large tractor.
Weed control of the present invention include weeding by machine, soil closing weeding and seedling after stalk leaf weedicide.The present invention for
Weed control is not particularly limited, and using mode well known in the art, it is anti-can preferably to carry out weeds in the following manner
It removes:
In the present invention, the weeding by machine preferably works continuously with sowing, soil evaporation of water in soil when preventing from loosening the soil.The machine
Preferred when tool weeding, 50mm topsoil medium loam bulk density is not more than 1.2g/cm3, clay bulk density is no more than 1.4g/cm3, 0mm~
Soil inflitration in 100mm topsoil should be not less than 10%.
In the present invention, the weeding by machine preferably uses weeder to carry out, improve mechanical work rate, reduce operation at
This.
In the present invention, soil closing weeding be before emerging after soybean planting prevent and kill off annual gramineous weed,
Annual broadleaf weed etc..It is currently preferred, using 50% acetochlor ec when preventing and kill off annual gramineous weed；More preferably
, the dosage of 50% acetochlor ec is 1500ml/ hectares~2100ml/ hectares.It is currently preferred, it prevents and kill off annual
70% metribuzin wettable powder is used when broadleaf weeds；It is furthermore preferred that the dosage of the 70% metribuzin wettable powder is
900g/ hectares~1050g/ hectares.In the present invention, the soil closing weeding preferably uses big-powered tractor mating big
Type fertilising intertillage combined operation device tool is completed.
In the present invention, the stem and leaf treatment after seedling is the stalk leaf weedicide that 1~2 compound leaf phases carry out after soybean emergence
Processing, prevents and kill off annual gramineous weed, annual broadleaf weed etc..It is currently preferred, prevent and kill off annual gramineous weed
10.8% Quizalotop-ethyl emulsion of Shi Caiyong；It is furthermore preferred that the dosage of the 10.8% Quizalotop-ethyl emulsion be 450ml/ hectares~
675ml/ hectares.It is currently preferred, 25% fomesafen aqua is selected when preventing and kill off annual broadleaf weed；It is furthermore preferred that
The dosage of the 25% fomesafen aqua is 1200ml/ hectares~1500ml/ hectares.In the present invention, stem after the seedling
Leaf processing is preferably completed using big-powered tractor and matched large-scale high-clearance fertilization pesticide spraying Work machine.
In the present invention, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mainly includes the prevention and treatment in soybean growth period.Disease pest of the present invention to soybean
Evil controlling mode is not particularly limited, and using conventional method, can preferably be carried out in the following manner:
In the present invention, the soybean diseases and insect pests prevention and treatment, which is coated or dresses seed preferably through soya seeds, completes.For prevention and treatment
More than 35% good fortune gram suspension seed-coating agent, preparation dosage 1:50~70 (pesticide-seeds ratio) can be selected in root rot, thrips, aphid；Prevent and treat root
62.5g/L essence first fludioxonil suspension seed-coating agent, preparation dosage 1:250~333 (pesticide-seeds ratio) can be selected in maize ear rot.
In soybean growth period, 250g/L Fluoxastrobin suspending agent, preparation dosage 600ml/hm is can be selected in control rust2~
900m m2；Leaf spot is prevented and treated, 250g/L pyraclostrobin missible oil, preparation dosage 450m m can be selected2~600m m2；It is anti-
It eliminates aphis, heart-eating worm, 21.5% chlorine cyanogen missible oil of omethoate, preparation dosage 900m m can be selected2~1350m m2It is spraying.Medicine
The regulation that the application method and safety of agent can refer to GB/T8321 and GB4285 executes.
In the present invention, it is described it is cold-proof heat refer to by the surface soil of seedling interband carry out intertillage realize it is cold-proof heat, water storage
Improving soil moisture creates good environmental condition to promote soil nutrient to discharge for root growth, to further promote soybean yields.
In the present invention, it is heated by the way that intertillage progress is cold-proof, the intertillage preferably carries out in seedling stage.In the present invention,
The intertillage number is preferably 2 times, plays the cold-proof heating effect of subsoiling for the first time for seedling stage intertillage, second after branching stage
Cultivation and banking is carried out before florescence, this subjob ridging deep as far as possible is earthed up more, to be completed before sealing ridge.In the present invention, described
The depth of intertillage is preferably 250mm~300mm, more preferably 270mm~270mm.
In the present invention, preferably mating deep soil loosing shovel carries out ridge body interval subsoiling when the first pass is intertilled, thus into one
Step promotes the cold-proof effect heated, promotes nutrient exchange.Currently preferred, the subsoiling to ridge body interval refers to depth of loosening the soil
Degree is not less than 200mm, preferably at 200mm~300mm.
Return circle, grain water content that can harvest when being reduced to 17% or less when the blade of soybean plant strain all falls net, beans, greatly
Beans harvest quality should meet the requirement of NY/T 738.
The ridge body mechanical harvesting preferably of cultural method building of the present invention, more using combined harvester harvesting efficiency
Height saves operating cost.
In the present invention, the soybean varieties of the culture method for soybea of the suitable arid area include but is not limited to cover beans
30, beans 13 are covered, middle yellow 901 and pass the civil service examinations 8, the present invention is not particularly limited this, the soybean varieties planted using suitable arid area
?.
Culture method for soybea of the present invention improves on the basis of conventional cultivation method, with plant growth regulator
Soybean nutritional and reproductive growth relationship can be effectively cooperateed in conjunction with the building of ridge body, the adjustment of planting type for means, is made big
The growth and development period of beans changes towards anticipated orientation and degree, effectively accelerates soybean growth, additionally it is possible to improve soil
Earth fertilizer and water condition.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, technical solution provided by the invention is retouched in detail below with reference to embodiment
It states, but they cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The soybean varieties of this test are illiteracy beans 30, and test area is that Inner Mongol Arong Banner Xin Fa chief of township sends out village's test base
Ground.
1, plot selects
It is black earth that Inner Mongol Arong Banner Xin Fa chief of township, which sends out village proving ground, and experiment area is 2000 mu.This is experimental field whole
Plot in flakes is concentrated in village circulation plot.The preceding stubble in the test soil is potato.
2, site preparation and fertilising
Decomposed cow dung (content of organic matter 40%, moisture content≤30%, N P and K total nutrient content are applied when spring
4.5% or so) 70,000kg/hm2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 350.0kg/hm2, urea 100kg/hm2, potassium chloride 100kg/hm2.It applies
It carries out site preparation after base manure to turn over, ploughed depth 280mm.After ploughing mellow soil, rake a kind of farm tools is smooth, and topsoil soils should reach Horizon, soil
Broken, moisture in the soil foot, without stubble sundries, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower standard.
3, seedbed preparation ridging
There is the plot on subsoiling basis, carries out operation, autumn harvest with big-powered tractor and matched large-scale heavy duty harrow and stubble cleaner
Heavy duty harrow or rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ridging are carried out afterwards；There is no the plot on subsoiling basis, with big-powered tractor and matched large-scale subsoiling plow
Or plough deeply combined soil preparing machine, subsoiling is carried out on the basis of to stalk separating twice or plough deeply combined working soil, depth is not less than
300mm is carried out primary for every 2 years~3 years.Site preparation generally select 360 combined soil preparing machine of Glan, import Glan or thunder agree subsoiling (or
Plough deeply) machine of working soil.
Using 200 horsepowers or more tractors and matched large-scale ridger ridging operation, ridging ridge body height is 200mm,
Ridge bottom width degree 1300mm, top width 1100mm.Push up spacing 90mm~100mm in the ridge of two ridge bodies.
4, seed selection and processing
A. seed treatment: select regular production, maturity is good, germinating energy is strong, germination percentage is high, the kind without disease pest infringement
Son.Physical purity of seed will reach 99% or more, and for germination percentage 98% or more, water content must not be higher than 12%.Soya seeds per acre
It is dressed seed with more than 35% gram of good fortune seed coat agent 60g, the latent root fly of prevention and treatment soybean and root disease.
B. drip irrigation zone selects: selection water dropper internally-inlaid drip irrigation zone, water dropper water yield 1.5L/H, water dropper distance 350mm, work
Pressure is 0.1MPa, and drip irrigation zone quality should meet the regulation of QB/T 2517.
5, it sows
Beans precision drilling (bunch planting) machine that selection can once complete paving drip irrigation pipe, apply seed manure, sowing and earthing operation.It broadcasts
Kind machine (bunch planting) will be debugged in place by all technical, to be installed and be laid with trickle irrigation pipe device, reach safe handling state.It broadcasts
Kind machine (bunch planting) quality and safety uses the regulation referring to NY/T 1143 and GB 16151.9 to execute.
A. it begins sowing in good time: being selected in sowing in 3~20 May (10cm soil layer ground temperature is stablized by 10 degree).
B. depth of planting: depending on depth of planting is because of weather, edaphic condition, depth of planting should be controlled to be advisable in 40mm.Fall seed
Uniformly, covering is tight.
C. seeding method: rational close planting, using six seedling band model of wide-and narrow-row on ridge, rational close planting, wide, narrow row is alternately set
It sets, adjacent two seedlings bandwidth line space 220mm (L1), narrow row spacing is 130mm (L2).420,000 plants/hm of density2~45 ten thousand plants/hm2。
Drip irrigation pipe (band) is laid in the ranks；
D. appropriate sowing: precision drilling amount is 82.5~97.5kg/hm of the amount of broadcasting2。
E. basal dressing: base manure selects granular compound fertilizer or slow-release fertilizer, N, P2O5、K2The ratio of O is 15:19:12, fertilising
Measure 200kg/hm2.Base manure is applied with sowing.Fertilization mode is divided to side position layered deep placement and two kinds of normotopia layered deep placement, and side locating depth is applied
Fertilizer is applied at seed side-lower 50mm~60mm, and positive locating depth applies the 50mm or less immediately below seed, it is desirable that the depth is consistent, fertilizer
Material is executed using the requirement that can refer to NY/T496.
6, field management
A. top dressing
Top dressing mainly in seedling stage, flower pod phase, several critical periods such as podding duration impose.If do not cashed scarce after florescence
The generally no longer top dressing of fertile symptom.
A.1 in seedling stage and florescence, dose: every hm2The green shield 45g (or brassin lactones) of urea 6kg+；
A.2 in fruiting period, every hm2With urea 7.5kg+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3.0kg, foliage-spray.Fertilizer application can refer to
The requirement of NY/T496 executes.
The method of application of above-mentioned urea and brassin lactones, after being generally watered, foliage-spray.Urea diluted concentration 1.5%
~2.0%.
Using the matched plant protection mechanism operation of large tractor.
B. weed control
B.1 weeding by machine
When weeds in field is more, weeding by machine can be carried out by 1d~3d before soybean is broadcast, preferably work continuously, prevent with sowing
The soil evaporation of water in soil after loosening the soil；When weeding by machine, 50mm topsoil medium loam bulk density is not more than 1.2g/cm3, clay bulk density is not more than
1.4g/cm3, the soil inflitration in 0mm~100mm topsoil should be not less than 10%.
B.2 soil closes weeding
Before emerging after soybean planting, annual gramineous weed is prevented and kill off, 50% acetochlor ec, preparation medication can be selected
Measure 1500m m2~2100m m2；Annual broadleaf weed is prevented and kill off, 70% metribuzin wettable powder, preparation dosage can be selected
900g/hm2~1050g/hm2Carry out soil spray pesticide.The application method and safety of medicament can refer to GB/T8321 and GB4285
Regulation execute.
Using big-powered tractor and the large-scale fertilising intertillage combined operation device tool to match.
B.3 stem and leaf treatment after seedling
1~2 compound leaf phases after soybean emergence, annual gramineous weed is prevented and kill off, 10.8% Quizalotop-ethyl can be selected
Aqueous emulsion, preparation dosage 450m m2~675m m2It is spraying to be watered cauline leaf；Annual broadleaf weed is prevented and kill off, 25% fluorine can be selected
Sulfanilamide (SN) grass ether aqua, preparation dosage 1200m m2~1500m m2It is spraying to be watered cauline leaf.The application method of medicament can join with safety
It is executed according to the regulation of GB/T8321 and GB4285.
It is carried out using big-powered tractor and the large-scale high-clearance fertilization pesticide spraying Work machine to match.
C. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Soya seeds should be coated or dress seed.To prevent and treat root rot, thrips, aphid, more than 35% good fortune gram suspended seed coating can be selected
Agent, preparation dosage 1:50~70 (pesticide-seeds ratio)；Root rot is prevented and treated, 62.5g/L essence first fludioxonil suspension seed-coating agent, system can be selected
Agent dosage 1:250~333 (pesticide-seeds ratio).In soybean growth period, 250g/L Fluoxastrobin suspending agent, system is can be selected in control rust
Agent dosage 600ml/hm2~900m m2；Leaf spot is prevented and treated, 250g/L pyraclostrobin missible oil, preparation dosage can be selected
450m m2~600mm2；It is anti-eliminate aphis, heart-eating worm, 21.5% chlorine cyanogen missible oil of omethoate, preparation dosage 900mm can be selected2
~1350m m2It is spraying.The regulation that the application method and safety of medicament can refer to GB/T8321 and GB4285 executes.
D. cold-proof to heat.It is intertilled (in first pass using 120 horsepowers or more tractors and the large-scale cultivator to match
Plough mating deep soil loosing shovel and carry out ridge body interval subsoiling), intertill depth 250mm~300mm, reach it is cold-proof heat, water storage improving soil moisture, promote
The purpose of soil nutrient release, creates a favorable environment condition for root growth.
Step 7: harvest in due course
Blade all falls net, beans and circle, grain water content is returned to be harvested when being down to 17% or less.Harvest quality should meet
The requirement of NY/T738, wheat beans combined harvester operational safety should meet the requirement of GB16151.12.
Comparative example 1
The plantation of village proving ground is sent out in Inner Mongol Arong Banner Xin Fa chief of township using traditional Bunch planting technology and covers beans 30, tool
Body planting type includes: row spacing 65cm, duplicate rows precision point sowing, seedling band 12~13cm of spacing on ridge, the fertilising of seedling interband, fertilization mode
To plant lower side deep fertilizing.
Comparative example 2
The soybean varieties of this test are illiteracy beans 30, and test area is that Inner Mongol Arong Banner Xin Fa chief of township sends out village's test base
Ground.
1, plot selects
It is black earth that Inner Mongol Arong Banner Xin Fa chief of township, which sends out village proving ground, and experiment area is 2000 mu.This is experimental field whole
Plot in flakes is concentrated in village circulation plot.The preceding stubble in the test soil is corn.
2, site preparation and fertilising
Decomposed cow dung (content of organic matter 40%, moisture content≤30%, N P and K total nutrient content are applied when spring
4.5% or so) 70,000kg/hm2, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 350.0kg/hm2, urea 100kg/hm2, potassium chloride 100kg/hm2.It applies
It carries out site preparation after base manure to turn over, ploughed depth 280mm.After ploughing mellow soil, rake a kind of farm tools is smooth, and topsoil soils should reach Horizon, soil
Broken, moisture in the soil foot, without stubble sundries, defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower standard.
3, seedbed preparation ridging
There is the plot on subsoiling basis, carry out operation with 120 horsepowers or more tractors and matched large-scale heavy duty harrow and stubble cleaner,
Heavy duty harrow or rotary tillage stubble-cleaning ridging are carried out after autumn harvest；There is no the plot on subsoiling basis, with 200 horsepowers or more tractors and matched big
Type subsoiling plow ploughs deeply combined soil preparing machine, and subsoiling is carried out on the basis of to stalk separating twice or ploughs deeply combined working soil, depth
Not less than 300mm, carry out within every 2 years~3 years primary.It is deep that site preparation generally selects 360 combined soil preparing machine of Glan, import Glan or thunder to agree
Loose (or ploughing deeply) machine of working soil.
Using 200 horsepowers or more tractors and matched large-scale ridger ridging operation, ridging ridge body height is 180mm,
Ridge bottom width degree 1100mm, top width 650mm.Spacing 450mm is pushed up on the ridge of two ridge bodies, and three seedling bands are equidistant sowing.
4, seed selection and processing
A. seed treatment: select regular production, maturity is good, germinating energy is strong, germination percentage is high, the kind without disease pest infringement
Son.Physical purity of seed will reach 99% or more, and for germination percentage 98% or more, water content must not be higher than 12%.Soya seeds per acre
It is dressed seed with more than 35% gram of good fortune seed coat agent 60g, the latent root fly of prevention and treatment soybean and root disease.
B. drip irrigation zone selects: selection water dropper internally-inlaid drip irrigation zone, water dropper water yield 1.5L/H, water dropper distance 350mm, work
Pressure is 0.1MPa, and drip irrigation zone quality should meet the regulation of QB/T 2517.
5, it sows:
Beans precision drilling (bunch planting) machine that selection can once complete paving drip irrigation pipe, apply seed manure, sowing and earthing operation.It broadcasts
Kind machine (bunch planting) will be debugged in place by all technical, to be installed and be laid with trickle irrigation pipe device, reach safe handling state.It broadcasts
Kind machine (bunch planting) quality and safety uses the regulation referring to NY/T 1143 and GB 16151.9 to execute.
A. it begins sowing in good time: covering beans 30 and be selected in sowing on May 3 to May 8 (10cm soil layer ground temperature is stablized by 10 degree).
B. depth of planting: depending on depth of planting is because of weather, edaphic condition, depth of planting should be controlled to be advisable in 40mm.Fall seed
Uniformly, covering is tight.
C. seeding method: rational close planting, using three seedling band on ridge, adjacent two seedlings band spacing 240mm cropping pattern, density 42
Ten thousand plants/hm2~45 ten thousand plants/hm2.Drip irrigation pipe (band) is laid in the ranks；
D. appropriate sowing: precision drilling amount is the amount of broadcasting 120kg/hm2。
E. basal dressing: base manure selects granular compound fertilizer or slow-release fertilizer, N, P2O5、K2The ratio of O is 22:13:12, fertilising
Measure 200kg/hm2.Base manure is applied with sowing.Fertilization mode is divided to side position layered deep placement and two kinds of normotopia layered deep placement, and side locating depth is applied
Fertilizer is applied at seed side-lower 50mm~60mm, and positive locating depth applies the 50mm or less immediately below seed, it is desirable that the depth is consistent, fertilizer
Material is executed using the requirement that can refer to NY/T496.
6, field management
A. top dressing
In seedling stage to florescence, the per hectare green shield 45g of urea 6kg+.In fruiting period, per hectare urea 7.5kg+ phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium 3.0kg, foliage-spray.The requirement that Fertilizer application can refer to NY/T496 executes.
B. weed control
B.1 weeding by machine
When weeds in field is more, weeding by machine works continuously with sowing, prevents the soil evaporation of water in soil after loosening the soil；When weeding by machine,
50mm topsoil medium loam bulk density is not more than 1.2g/cm3, clay bulk density is no more than 1.4g/cm3, soil in 0mm~100mm topsoil
Relative moisture content should be not less than 10%.
B.2 soil closes weeding
Before emerging after soybean planting, annual gramineous weed is prevented and kill off, selects 50% acetochlor ec, preparation dosage
1500ml/hm2~2100ml/hm2；Annual broadleaf weed is prevented and kill off, 70% metribuzin wettable powder, preparation dosage are selected
900g/hm2~1050g/hm2Carry out soil spray pesticide.The application method and safety of medicament can refer to GB/T 8321 and GB
4285 regulation executes.
B.3 stem and leaf treatment after seedling
1~2 compound leaf phases after soybean emergence, annual gramineous weed is prevented and kill off, selects 10.8% Quizalotop-ethyl cream
Agent, preparation dosage 450m m2~675ml/hm2It is spraying to be watered cauline leaf；Annual broadleaf weed is prevented and kill off, 25% fluorine sulphur can be selected
Amine grass ether aqua, preparation dosage 1200m m2~1500ml/hm2It is spraying to be watered cauline leaf.The application method of medicament can join with safety
It is executed according to the regulation of GB/T8321 and GB4285.
C. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
In soybean growth period, control rust selects 250g/L Fluoxastrobin suspending agent, preparation dosage 600m m2~900m
m2；Leaf spot is prevented and treated, 250g/L pyraclostrobin missible oil, preparation dosage 450m m are selected2~600m m2；It is anti-eliminate aphis,
Heart-eating worm selects 21.5% chlorine cyanogen missible oil of omethoate, preparation dosage 900m m2~1350m m2It is spraying.The user of medicament
The regulation that method and safety can refer to GB/T8321 and GB4285 executes.
D. cold-proof to heat.It is intertilled (in first pass using 120 horsepowers or more tractors and the large-scale cultivator to match
Plough mating deep soil loosing shovel and carry out ridge body interval subsoiling), intertill depth 250mm~300mm, reach it is cold-proof heat, water storage improving soil moisture, promote
The purpose of soil nutrient release, creates a favorable environment condition for root growth.
7, it harvests in due course
Blade all falls net, beans and circle, grain water content is returned to be down to the progress of 17% or less when.Harvest quality should meet NY/
The requirement of T738, wheat beans combined harvester operational safety should meet the requirement of GB16151.12.
It was tested twice according to the method for embodiment 1 and comparative example 1,2 in 2016~2017 years, takes 2 years data flat
Mean value compares embodiment 1 and soybean yields, product quality, the operating cost of comparative example 1 etc., and the results are shown in Table 1:
Table 1 is using culture method for soybea of the present invention compared with the technical benefits of other culture method for soybea
Remarks:
1. traditional planting technology generally refers to current part peasant also in the implantation methods used, seed manure same layer, seed is not
Energy precision point sowing, inter-species shattering is uneven, and thickness of earth covering cannot be consistent.
2. fertilizer is generally 45% content or 48% content Soybean special compound fertilizer material, soya seeds are generally selected according to accumulated temperature
It selects and covers beans 30, covers beans 13, Heihe 43, the middle yellow 901, kinds such as 8 of passing the civil service examinations.
3. input cost rents cost (200 yuan/mu) containing soil folding, 3.50 yuan/kg of soybean price, 100-grain weight is referring to Inner Mongol
100-grain weight calculates throughout the year in ancient Arong Banner area.
4. normal output is obtained by actual production * conversion factor (0.85).
5. table determination data sends out village proving ground from Inner Mongol Arong Banner Xin Fa chief of township.
6. the average value that data are 2 years 2016~2017 years in table.
As can be seen from Table 1, culture method for soybea provided by the invention be suitable for arid area carry out soybean planting, such as
City of Hulun Buir Sandy Land Mo Qi, Arong Banner, Zalantun City, Oroqen's flag and the Daxing'an Mountainrange farm management office and emerging of China
National Union for the Total Independence of Angola concentrate in flakes, the soybean producing region of large-scale production.Culture method for soybea stable yield provided by the invention, relative to conventional skill
15% or more art volume increase, the envelope ridge time does sth. in advance 3d~4d.It is demonstrated experimentally that the method for the invention and traditional soybean cultural method phase
Than planting mechanization degree is high, envelope ridge is early, plant population growth is vigorous, stable yield, operating cost significantly reduce.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method for arid area, including site preparation and fertilization, broadcasts preceding ridging, seed treatment, broadcasts
Kind, field management and harvest, it is characterised in that:
It is described broadcast before in ridging, ridge body be it is trapezoidal, the ridge body height is 180mm~200mm, ridge bottom width degree be 1200mm~
1500mm, ridge top width degree are 1000mm~1200mm；
When the sowing, pushed up on ridge and six row seedling bands sowed in the alternate mode of wide-and narrow-row, wide row seedling band spacing be 200mm~
240mm, narrow row seedling band spacing is 120mm~140mm；
Drip irrigation appliance is arranged in the seedling interband, the carry out trickle irrigation from sowing；
The field management includes fertilizing management, weed control, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and cold-proof heats；
The fertilizing management includes imposing urea and brassin lactones to florescence in seedling stage, in fruiting period foliage-spray urea and
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
2. being used for the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method of arid area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the six rows seedling
Band is away from ridge top margin away from for 80mm~95mm.
3. being used for the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method of arid area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sowing
When, thickness of sowing is 420,000 plants/hectare~450,000 plants/hectare.
4. being used for the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method of arid area according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the sowing
When, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is after planting applied, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer dose is 10kg/ mus~20kg/ mus.
5. being used for the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method of arid area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the trickle irrigation dress
The water dropper water yield set is 1.3L/H~1.8L/H, adjacent water dropper distance 300mm~400mm, and the operating pressure of drip irrigation appliance is
0.08MPa~0.12MPa.
6. being used for the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method of arid area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fertilising pipe
In reason, seedling stage to florescence imposes 5kg/ hectares~10kg/ hectares of urea, 30g/ hectares~60g/ hectares of brassin lactones；?
7kg/ hectares~8kg/ hectares of fruiting period foliage-spray urea, 2kg/ hectares~4kg/ hectares of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
7. the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method according to claim 1 or 6 for arid area, which is characterized in that in
Cultivated progress is cold-proof to be heated, and the intertillage depth is 250mm~300mm.
8. being used for the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method of arid area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the site preparation is applied
Fertilizer are as follows: turned over after applying base manure, the depth turned over is 250mm~300mm；
The base manure includes 60000kg/ hectares~75000kg/ hectares of decomposed manure, potassium sulfate or 75kg/ hectares of potassium chloride
~150kg/ hectares, 300kg/ hectares~450kg/ hectares of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and 75kg/ hectares~150kg/ hectares of urea.
9. being used for the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultural method of arid area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at the seed
Reason are as follows: handle 35% more good fortune seed coat agents of seed, the seed is 99% or more cleanliness, 98% or more germination percentage, aqueous
Amount is not higher than 12% soya seeds.
10. according to claim 1~2, being used for the soybean wide-and narrow-row cultivation side of arid area described in any one of 4,6 and 8~9
Method, which is characterized in that the kind of the soybean is selected from covering beans 30, cover beans 13, middle yellow 901 or pass the civil service examinations 8.
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| JP2021108649A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-08-02 | 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | Fertilizer application amount derivation device and fertilizer application amount derivation method |
| CN113229088A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-10 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所（宁夏回族自治区农作物育种中心） | Drought-resistant cultivation method for spring soybean horizontal cropping furrow seeds |
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Application publication date: 20190111 |