CN109122732A - 一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物 - Google Patents

一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物 Download PDF

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CN109122732A
CN109122732A CN201710646368.9A CN201710646368A CN109122732A CN 109122732 A CN109122732 A CN 109122732A CN 201710646368 A CN201710646368 A CN 201710646368A CN 109122732 A CN109122732 A CN 109122732A
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姜玉松
李会合
廖钦洪
刘奕清
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Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，包括以下重量份数的组份，5～10份的碳酸钠、1～2份的亚磷酸钠、1～2份的氢氧化钾、2～5份的4，5‑二氯‑2‑甲基吡啶、2～3份的4‑氯二苯醚、5～8份的2，4‑二甲基噻唑‑5‑羧酸乙酯、15～18份的皂角、3～8份的柠檬油、10～12份的冰片、1～3份的辣椒素、4～5份的苍术。本发明可以解决现有技术的不足，提高了对于姜瘟病的防治效果。

Description

一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及农药技术领域，尤其是一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物。
背景技术
姜瘟病即为姜的腐烂病，是一种细菌性病害。主要为害与地表交接的茎基部和块茎。病部初期表现为黄褐色的水渍状，病部逐渐扩大变为暗褐色，姜块组织软化，腐烂。用手一挤组织便溃化，变为一股白色粘稠状具恶臭气味的液体。严重时变褐腐烂后仅留下一层表皮，地上部则失水变黄，变褐枯死。姜瘟病是生姜的主要病害之一，严重时可以造成生姜绝收。现有的防治手段普遍是使用常见的多菌灵等农药进行喷洒和灌根，虽然在病害初期可以起到一定的防治效果，但是当出现较严重的姜瘟病时效果不明显。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，能够解决现有技术的不足，提高了对于姜瘟病的防治效果。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采取的技术方案如下。
一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，包括以下重量份数的组份，
5～10份的碳酸钠、1～2份的亚磷酸钠、1～2份的氢氧化钾、2～5份的4，5-二氯-2-甲基吡啶、2～3份的4-氯二苯醚、5～8份的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯、15～18份的皂角、3～8份的柠檬油、10～12份的冰片、1～3份的辣椒素、4～5份的苍术。
作为优选，包括1～2份的硫酸锌。
作为优选，包括5～10份的氯化亚铁。
作为优选，包括1～2份的***钠。
作为优选，包括1～2份的硫酸锰。
作为优选，包括2～5份的氧化钙。
作为优选，包括5～6份的5-咖啡酰奎宁酸
采用上述技术方案所带来的有益效果在于：本发明可以有效的防治姜瘟病，尤其是对于中重度的姜瘟病有明显的防治效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，包括以下重量份数的组份，
7份的碳酸钠、1份的亚磷酸钠、1份的氢氧化钾、3份的4，5-二氯-2-甲基吡啶、3份的4-氯二苯醚、7份的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯、15份的皂角、7份的柠檬油、12份的冰片、1份的辣椒素、4份的苍术。
使用上述组合物与多菌灵分别对姜瘟病的致病菌一青枯假单胞菌的抑制效果进行实验室实验。
分别在1号培养皿和2号培养皿中加入营养液，并注入等量的青枯假单胞菌菌种，然后在1号培养皿中加入本实施例的组合物，在2号培养皿中加入多菌灵，使其浓度均保持在0.5％。然后将培养皿放入培养箱，保持30℃恒温24小时，然后分别观察两个培养皿中的菌落数量，结果如下：
菌落数量(CFU)
1号培养皿 24
2号培养皿 187
将本实施例组合物与多菌灵进行大田实验。在同一试验田中分出三等份的区域，栽种生姜。在1号区域内不施加任何药物，在2号区域内施加多菌灵，在3号区域内施加本实施例组合物，在生姜成熟前1个月对三个区域内的植株发病率进行统计，结果如下：
发病率(％)
1号区域 68
2号区域 31
3号区域 9
经过发明人研究，发现本实施例的组合物对于青枯假单胞菌产生有效抑制效果的有效成主要为4-氯二苯醚和2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯。4-氯二苯醚和2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯的混合物在碱性环境下可以对青枯假单胞菌的氧化酶进行抑制，由于青枯假单胞菌是一种好氧细菌，通过呼吸代谢获取能量，当其细胞中氧化酶的活性受到抑制时，会直接导致细胞死亡。为了验证上述判断，发明人进行了以下实验：
实验例：本实施例组合物；
对比例1：将本实施例组合物中的4-氯二苯醚组份删除后的对比组合物；
对比例2：将本实施例组合物中的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯组份删除后的对比组合物；
对比例3：将本实施例组合物中的氢氧化钾组份删除后的对比组合物；
利用上述实验室实验的过程检测上述4种组合物对青枯假单胞菌的抑制效果，结果如下：
菌落数量(CFU)
实验例 25
对比例1 98
对比例2 112
对比例3 78
实施例2
一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，包括以下重量份数的组份，
7份的碳酸钠、1份的亚磷酸钠、1份的氢氧化钾、3份的4，5-二氯-2-甲基吡啶、3份的4-氯二苯醚、7份的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯、15份的皂角、7份的柠檬油、12份的冰片、1份的辣椒素、4份的苍术、1份的硫酸锌。
实施例3
一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，包括以下重量份数的组份，
7份的碳酸钠、1份的亚磷酸钠、1份的氢氧化钾、3份的4，5-二氯-2-甲基吡啶、3份的4-氯二苯醚、7份的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯、15份的皂角、7份的柠檬油、12份的冰片、1份的辣椒素、4份的苍术、1份的硫酸锌、6份的氯化亚铁。
实施例4
一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，包括以下重量份数的组份，
7份的碳酸钠、1份的亚磷酸钠、1份的氢氧化钾、3份的4，5-二氯-2-甲基吡啶、3份的4-氯二苯醚、7份的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯、15份的皂角、7份的柠檬油、12份的冰片、1份的辣椒素、4份的苍术、1份的硫酸锌、6份的氯化亚铁、2份的***钠。
实施例5
一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，包括以下重量份数的组份，
7份的碳酸钠、1份的亚磷酸钠、1份的氢氧化钾、3份的4，5-二氯-2-甲基吡啶、3份的4-氯二苯醚、7份的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯、15份的皂角、7份的柠檬油、12份的冰片、1份的辣椒素、4份的苍术、1份的硫酸锌、6份的氯化亚铁、2份的***钠、2份的硫酸锰。
实施例6
一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，包括以下重量份数的组份，
7份的碳酸钠、1份的亚磷酸钠、1份的氢氧化钾、3份的4，5-二氯-2-甲基吡啶、3份的4-氯二苯醚、7份的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯、15份的皂角、7份的柠檬油、12份的冰片、1份的辣椒素、4份的苍术、1份的硫酸锌、6份的氯化亚铁、2份的***钠、2份的硫酸锰、5份的氧化钙。
实施例7
一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，包括以下重量份数的组份，
7份的碳酸钠、1份的亚磷酸钠、1份的氢氧化钾、3份的4，5-二氯-2-甲基吡啶、3份的4-氯二苯醚、7份的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯、15份的皂角、7份的柠檬油、12份的冰片、1份的辣椒素、4份的苍术、1份的硫酸锌、6份的氯化亚铁、2份的***钠、2份的硫酸锰、5份的氧化钙、6份的5-咖啡酰奎宁酸。
将上述7个实施例进行实施例1中所述的大田实验，结果如下：
由上述实验结果可知，5-咖啡酰奎宁酸可以有效提高组合物对于姜瘟病的防治效果。
但是，由于5-咖啡酰奎宁酸呈酸性，在呈碱性的组合物中会导致其抑菌效果下降。为了解决这个问题，发明人经过研究，在组合物中加入了1份的苯并***和3份的4-溴-2，5-二氟苯磺酰胺，通过苯并***和4-溴-2，5-二氟苯磺酰胺对5-咖啡酰奎宁酸进行缓释，提高了5-咖啡酰奎宁酸的抑菌效果。
对加入了苯并***和4-溴-2，5-二氟苯磺酰胺的优选例和未加入苯并***和4-溴-2，5-二氟苯磺酰胺的实施例7进行土壤中5-咖啡酰奎宁酸有效成分的浓度检测实验，结果如下：
优选例(‰) 实施例7(‰)
1小时 3.2 6.5
2小时 3.1 3.7
5小时 2.9 0.2
12小时 2.1 0
24小时 1.2 0
由此可见，本发明的优选例中5-咖啡酰奎宁酸的有效成分释放均匀，可以得到最佳的防治姜瘟病的效果。
上述描述仅作为本发明可实施的技术方案提出，不作为对其技术方案本身的单一限制条件。

Claims (7)

1.一种防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，其特征在于：包括以下重量份数的组份，
5～10份的碳酸钠、1～2份的亚磷酸钠、1～2份的氢氧化钾、2～5份的4，5-二氯-2-甲基吡啶、2～3份的4-氯二苯醚、5～8份的2，4-二甲基噻唑-5-羧酸乙酯、15～18份的皂角、3～8份的柠檬油、10～12份的冰片、1～3份的辣椒素、4～5份的苍术。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，其特征在于：包括1～2份的硫酸锌。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，其特征在于：包括5～10份的氯化亚铁。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，其特征在于：包括1～2份的***钠。
5.根据权利要求1所述的防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，其特征在于：包括1～2份的硫酸锰。
6.根据权利要求1所述的防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，其特征在于：包括2～5份的氧化钙。
7.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的防治生姜姜瘟病复配杀菌组合物，其特征在于：包括5～6份的5-咖啡酰奎宁酸。
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