CN109122127A - Have both the intercropping and interplanting implantation methods of prevention and control of aphids Yu heavy metal-polluted soil prevention and treatment function - Google Patents
Have both the intercropping and interplanting implantation methods of prevention and control of aphids Yu heavy metal-polluted soil prevention and treatment function Download PDFInfo
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- CN109122127A CN109122127A CN201810940635.8A CN201810940635A CN109122127A CN 109122127 A CN109122127 A CN 109122127A CN 201810940635 A CN201810940635 A CN 201810940635A CN 109122127 A CN109122127 A CN 109122127A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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Abstract
A kind of intercropping and interplanting implantation methods having both prevention and control of aphids Yu heavy metal-polluted soil prevention and treatment function comprising: First Year arranges between winter wheat and overwintering herbage and makees that overwintering herbage is heavy metal accumulation plant or heavy metal super-enriched plant；The Pediobius foveolatus of aphid and the aphid of feeding habits preference herbage are fond of in second year early spring, indoor culture；In the period of temperature is increased to guarantee ladybug and aphid field is survived, ladybug and aphid are discharged on herbage；Then, the wheat aphid that wheat is fond of in field starts natural breed and increases, ladybug hereafter also feeding wheat aphid；When wheat aphid quantity reaches index for control, herbage is cradled, ladybug is forced to be transferred completely into feeding wheat aphid on winter wheat, interplants enriching plant on cradling the soil after herbage.After winter wheat falls Huang, ladybug migrates to enriching plant；After winter wheat harvest, summer corn or summer soybean are sowed.The productions such as Biological control of aphid, heavy metal prevention and treatment, winter wheat and summer corn, the production of intercropping and interplanting industrial crops may be implemented in the present invention.
Description
Technical field
Technical fields, the in particular to one kind such as the present invention relates to crop-planting, aphids to prevent, soil pollution reparation have both aphid
The intercropping and interplanting implantation methods of worm prevention and treatment and heavy metal pollution of soil repair function.
Background technique
There are the heavy metal pollution soils of larger area for our times.In addition, there are also many agricultures in order to increase farmland fertility
Field brings the heavy metals such as more copper zinc arsenic cadmium into feces of livestock and poultry also Tanaka, will cause heavy metals in farmland pollution.How economical and efficient
Repairing heavy metal pollution soil in the industry cycle more research.Crops intercropping and interplanting heavy metal (super) enriching plant (can be referred to as rich
Collect plant), it may be implemented to repair while producing, be a kind of ideal reparation mode.
Secondly, winter wheat summer corn multiple cropping is the field planting mode that North China area is generally carried out.Some researches show that
It can be very good prevention and treatment wheat aphid using ladybug, reduce pesticide dosage, improve crop quality.If can be by heavy metal pollution
Repair and Prevention Technique, winter wheat summer corn plantation, biological prevention combine, will have good economical benefit and
Ecological benefits.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of intercropping and interplanting plantations for having both prevention and control of aphids and heavy metal-polluted soil prevention and treatment function
Method, to solve the problems, such as that heavy metal pollution of soil reparation of the existing technology, prevention and control of aphids etc. can not combine.
To achieve the goals above, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of intercropping and interplanting implantation methods having both prevention and control of aphids Yu heavy metal-polluted soil prevention and treatment function comprising following steps:
Make between First Year, winter wheat, overwintering herbage, overwintering herbage be enriching plant, enriching plant include heavy metal accumulation plant or
Heavy metal super-enriched plant；The aphid of indoor culture ladybug and the overwintering herbage of feeding habits preference, and increased in second year spring temperature
To the period for guaranteeing the survival of aphid field, aphid is discharged on overwintering herbage；Reach index for control in winter wheat Aphed population
When, herbage is cradled, ladybug is forced to be transferred to feeding wheat aphid on winter wheat, realizes biological control；If herbage is that can cradle
Aftergrowth, which then applies fertilizer, promotes its regeneration, plants enriching plant again if herbage cannot regenerate；After winter wheat falls Huang, part
Ladybug migrates on enriching plant；After winter wheat harvest, summer corn or summer soybean are sowed；Multiple or single cradles enrichment and plants
Object removes heavy metal.
Preferably, the overwintering herbage made between winter wheat and the enriching plant made between summer corn or summer soybean are all enrichment
The excellent ecotype of plant.
Preferably, overwintering herbage is the annual excellent ecotype of enriching plant rye grass, and rear stubble enriching plant is annual
Enriching plant castor-oil plant or the excellent ecotype of piemarker.
Preferably, when overwintering herbage is rye grass, the sowing line-spacing of First Year is 20cm, winter wheat, overwintering herbage difference
Three rows are sowed, rear stubble enriching plant Tong fiber crops or castor-oil plant sow a line, line-spacing 60cm on ground after rye grass harvests；Succession crop
Summer corn or summer soybean sow a line, line-spacing 60cm on ground after winter wheat harvests.
Preferably, after completing a multiple cropping period, the soil of cereal crops wheat and corn soybean and intercropping and interplanting enriching plant
Exchange.
Preferably, whole strain harvesting enriching plant Tong fiber crops or castor-oil plant, Tong hemp skin are used for fibrous material, and stalk adds for carbon black
Work；Castor bean is used for iundustrial oil, and cauline leaf is eaten for non-people and animals and non-returning to the field purposes.
Preferably, overwintering herbage is the perennial excellent ecotype of enriching plant alfalfa.
Preferably, in First Year autumn sowing kind, the sowing of alfalfa August, the sowing of winter wheat early October.
Preferably, succession crop summer corn or summer soybean seedling stage cradle alfalfa 1 time, in favor of plant growth.
Preferably, in autumn grain crops corn and soybean harvest phase, alfalfa gathers in removal together with crop material or separately.
Analysis is it is found that manually cultivating ladybug by making overwintering herbage, field between winter wheat, forcing ladybug to migrate wheat to reach
Biological control, plantation heavy metal super-enriched plant, multiple cropping simultaneously harvest the technological means such as summer corn and summer soybean, provided by the invention
Biological control of aphid, heavy metal pollution reparation, Production of Winter Wheat, Summer Maize Production, Xia great may be implemented in the efficient Multiple Cropping Patterns
Beans production, grass industry, enriching heavy metal plant resources such as utilize at six purposes, have high economic benefit and Ecological Effect
Benefit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details With reference to embodiment.
Embodiment one:
Probably implement to make between the overwintering herbage of winter wheat in October in First Year autumn, such as rye grass, the sowing line-spacing of First Year
For 20cm, winter wheat, overwintering herbage sow three rows respectively, and rear stubble enriching plant Tong fiber crops or castor-oil plant are after rye grass harvests on ground
Sow a line, line-spacing 60cm；Succession crop summer corn or summer soybean sow a line, line-spacing on ground after winter wheat harvests
60cm.It, can also be according to breediness, the overdue, mechanical work of output etc. to the line-spacing of winter wheat, rye grass in actual implementation
It is adjusted with line number.Winter-spring season cultivates the aphid of ladybug and feeding habits preference rye grass, then in second year spring indoors
Temperature is increased to the period that can guarantee field survival, and the two is discharged on rye grass.Cultivate the aphid of feeding habits preference rye grass
Worm mainly when wheat aphid is not able to satisfy ladybug and needs, provides enough food to ladybug.Enriching plant can be used for ladybug training
It supports, specifically the enriching plant can be a certain type aphid, acarid, sarcoptic mite feeding, and these aphids, acarid, sarcoptic mite can
Think Pediobius foveolatus feeding, realizes and the field of ladybug is bred and discharged.
When winter wheat aphid (wheat aphid) quantity reaches index for control, rye grass is cradled, ladybug is forced to be transferred to the winter
Feeding wheat aphid on wheat realizes the biological control of wheat aphid.
Then, copper zinc lead super enriching plant -- castor-oil plant is sowed on cradling the soil after rye grass, castor-oil plant is suitble to Huang-Huai-Hai
It sows in spring in area.
In may when part or so, winter wheat falls Huang, and part ladybug migrates on castor-oil plant, and castor-oil plant plays the role of Eco-Island.
After winter wheat harvest, summer corn is sowed.
Castor-oil plant is harvested by the end of September, later harvesting corn.
Embodiment two:
As in the first embodiment, implementing to make between winter wheat, the overwintering herbage such as rye grass first in First Year.
Then, the aphid of ladybug and feeding habits preference rye grass is cultivated indoors, and field can be guaranteed by being increased in spring temperature
Between period for surviving, be discharged on rye grass.
When winter wheat Aphed population reaches index for control, rye grass is cradled, ladybug is forced to be transferred on winter wheat
Feeding wheat aphid.
Lead bronze zinc enriching plant is sowed on cradling the soil after rye grass -- Tong fiber crops, similarly, Tong fiber crops are suitble to Huang-Huai-Hai
It sows in spring in area.
After winter wheat falls Huang, part ladybug is migrated on Tong fiber crops, and piemarker plays the role of Eco-Island.
After winter wheat harvest, summer corn is sowed, makees Tong fiber crops between formation summer corn.
Harvest Tong is numb by the end of September, later harvesting corn.
In embodiment one, two, overwintering herbage and heavy metal accumulation plant are different plants, according to the spy of different plants
Property, it also can choose overwintering herbage and heavy metal accumulation plant be identical plant, such as following embodiments three.
In above-mentioned two embodiment, whole strain harvesting enriching plant Tong fiber crops or castor-oil plant, Tong hemp skin are used for fibrous material, and stalk is used for
Carbon black processing；Castor bean is used for iundustrial oil, and cauline leaf is eaten for non-people and animals and non-returning to the field purposes.
Embodiment three:
In First Year, implement to make between winter wheat alfalfa, wherein the autumn sowing of alfalfa August (can be interplanted in first crop
In summer corn), winter wheat early October sowing, planting density ratio can require to determine according to prevention and treatment is expected with mechanical work.
The aphid of indoor culture ladybug and feeding habits preference alfalfa, being increased in spring temperature can guarantee that field is survived
Period, be discharged into alfalfa.Similarly, the aphid of feeding habits preference alfalfa is also in the early stage in order to provide to ladybug
Enough food.
(mid or late April is generally present in) when winter wheat aphid (wheat aphid) quantity reaches index for control, cradles purple
Russian fenugreek herb forces ladybug to be transferred to feeding wheat aphid on winter wheat, realizes biological control wheat aphid.
After winter wheat falls Huang, ladybug is migrated in alfalfa.
After winter wheat harvest, summer corn is sowed.
Early July late June-(other areas that Huang-Huai-Hai or weather for China are similar to this), in the summer
Maize at Seedling Stage cradles alfalfa 1 time, to guarantee the seedling growth of cereal crops.
In the various embodiments described above, the enriching plant made between winter wheat and the enriching plant made between summer corn or summer soybean
It is all the excellent ecotype of enriching plant.And after completing a multiple cropping period, cereal crops wheat and corn soybean and intercropping and interplanting
The soil of enriching plant preferably swaps.Also, no matter enriching plant is once cradled or is repeatedly cradled, after harvesting
It should not be used or straw-returning as people and animals.
To sum up, the present invention is by making the interplanting (later period) of (early period), overwintering herbage summer corn between the overwintering herbage of winter wheat
Planting patterns, multipurpose may be implemented: Biological control of aphid, heavy metal pollution of soil reparation and winter wheat, summer corn,
Herbage, production of super enrichment (enrichment) huge sum of money platymiscium etc..
As known by the technical knowledge, the present invention can pass through the embodiment party of other essence without departing from its spirit or essential feature
Case is realized.Therefore, embodiment disclosed above, in all respects are merely illustrative, not the only.Institute
Have within the scope of the present invention or is included in the invention in the change being equal in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of intercropping and interplanting implantation methods for having both prevention and control of aphids Yu heavy metal-polluted soil prevention and treatment function, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
Make between First Year, winter wheat, overwintering herbage, overwintering herbage is enriching plant, and enriching plant includes that heavy metal accumulation is planted
Object or heavy metal super-enriched plant；
The aphid of indoor culture ladybug and the overwintering herbage of feeding habits preference, and be increased in second year spring temperature and guarantee aphid field
Aphid is discharged on overwintering herbage by the period of survival；
When winter wheat Aphed population reaches index for control, herbage is cradled, ladybug is forced to be transferred to feeding wheat on winter wheat
Aphid realizes biological control；
It applies fertilizer if herbage is that can cradle aftergrowth and promotes its regeneration, plantation enrichment is planted again if herbage cannot regenerate
Object；
After winter wheat falls Huang, part ladybug is migrated on enriching plant；
After winter wheat harvest, summer corn or summer soybean are sowed；
Multiple or single cradles enriching plant, removes heavy metal.
2. intercropping and interplanting implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the overwintering herbage that makees between winter wheat and with
The enriching plant made between summer corn or summer soybean is all the excellent ecotype of enriching plant.
3. intercropping and interplanting implantation methods according to claim 2, which is characterized in that overwintering herbage is that annual enriching plant is black
The excellent ecotype of wheat straw, rear stubble enriching plant are annual enriching plant castor-oil plant or the excellent ecotype of piemarker.
4. intercropping and interplanting implantation methods according to claim 3, which is characterized in that when overwintering herbage is rye grass, First Year
Sowing line-spacing be 20cm, winter wheat, overwintering herbage sow three rows respectively, and rear stubble enriching plant Tong fiber crops or castor-oil plant are received in rye grass
It obtains and sows a line on rear ground, line-spacing 60cm；Succession crop summer corn or summer soybean sow one on ground after winter wheat harvests
Row, line-spacing 60cm.
5. intercropping and interplanting implantation methods according to claim 4, which is characterized in that after completing a multiple cropping period, grain is made
The cambium reale of object wheat and corn soybean and intercropping and interplanting enriching plant.
6. intercropping and interplanting implantation methods according to claim 5, which is characterized in that whole strain harvesting enriching plant Tong fiber crops or castor
Fiber crops, Tong hemp skin are used for fibrous material, and stalk is processed for carbon black；Castor bean is used for iundustrial oil, and cauline leaf is edible for non-people and animals
With non-returning to the field purposes.
7. intercropping and interplanting implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that overwintering herbage is that perennial enriching plant is purple
The excellent ecotype of russian fenugreek herb.
8. intercropping and interplanting implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in First Year autumn sowing kind, alfalfa 8
Moon sowing, the sowing of winter wheat early October.
9. intercropping and interplanting implantation methods according to claim 8, which is characterized in that succession crop summer corn or summer soybean seedling stage
It cradles alfalfa 1 time, in favor of plant growth.
10. intercropping and interplanting implantation methods according to claim 9, which is characterized in that purple in autumn grain crops corn and soybean harvest phase
Russian fenugreek herb gathers in removal together with crop material or separately.
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| CN201810940635.8A CN109122127B (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2018-08-17 | Intercropping planting method with aphid control and soil heavy metal control functions |
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| CN201810940635.8A CN109122127B (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2018-08-17 | Intercropping planting method with aphid control and soil heavy metal control functions |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102601105A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-07-25 | 西安科技大学 | Method for removing heavy metal copper in soil by using plants |
| CN103947441A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for relay intercropping silage corn in single-culture alfalfa field in summer |
| US20150126364A1 (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2015-05-07 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 1,3-diaryl-substituted heterocyclic pesticides |
| CN106613227A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-10 | 西南科技大学 | Crop rotation planting method for forage crops and grain crops |
| CN105993264B (en) * | 2016-05-28 | 2017-10-17 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of newly-ploughed sloping upland of Ili River Valley prevents the tillage system reform of the soil erosion |
-
2018
- 2018-08-17 CN CN201810940635.8A patent/CN109122127B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102601105A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-07-25 | 西安科技大学 | Method for removing heavy metal copper in soil by using plants |
| US20150126364A1 (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2015-05-07 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | 1,3-diaryl-substituted heterocyclic pesticides |
| CN103947441A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for relay intercropping silage corn in single-culture alfalfa field in summer |
| CN105993264B (en) * | 2016-05-28 | 2017-10-17 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of newly-ploughed sloping upland of Ili River Valley prevents the tillage system reform of the soil erosion |
| CN106613227A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-10 | 西南科技大学 | Crop rotation planting method for forage crops and grain crops |
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