CN109080234B - High-strength lightweight concrete prefabricated slab - Google Patents

High-strength lightweight concrete prefabricated slab Download PDF

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CN109080234B
CN109080234B CN201810946129.XA CN201810946129A CN109080234B CN 109080234 B CN109080234 B CN 109080234B CN 201810946129 A CN201810946129 A CN 201810946129A CN 109080234 B CN109080234 B CN 109080234B
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layer
parts
precast slab
concrete
reinforced concrete
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CN109080234A (en
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田建冬
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Hezhou University
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Hezhou University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/02—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/14—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0246—Acrylic resin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires

Abstract

The invention discloses a light high-strength precast slab, which comprises protective layers, a fireproof layer, a heat preservation layer, a sound insulation layer and a reinforced concrete layer, wherein the protective layers are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the precast slab; the fireproof layer is formed by coating an asbestos powder layer with a tributyl phosphate layer; the heat-insulating layer is formed by coating a perlite powder layer on a polyurethane foam layer; the sound insulation layer is formed by covering a beta type semi-hydrated gypsum powder layer with a polyester fiber cotton layer; the reinforced concrete layer is composed of a frame made of concrete coated aramid fiber guide rods and a metal grid. The invention takes the industrial waste materials such as fly ash, industrial waste residue, tailing slag and the like as raw materials, utilizes the waste materials, reduces the material cost, realizes prefabrication according to the required customized size and shortens the construction period. The prefabricated slab has good bearing capacity, and the fire resistance, the heat preservation effect and the sound insulation effect are improved.

Description

High-strength lightweight concrete prefabricated slab
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab.
Background
The design target of industrial and civil buildings in China is specified, and the service life of a concrete structure is 50 years under the conditions of normal design, normal construction and normal use. In theory, however, the concrete component has almost infinite life under the conditions of correct design, correct construction and correct use. Therefore, when the building structure reaches the design service life, the structural performance is not greatly reduced, the demolition and reconstruction cost is high, the building structure can still be normally used after being reinforced, a structural reinforcement method can be adopted to maintain and reinforce the structure, and the bearing capacity of the concrete structure is ensured to meet the national standard requirement. The common structure reinforcing method is a section enlarging method and a concrete replacement method, both adopt concrete pouring, and although the construction process is simple and has strong adaptability, the construction period is long. In addition, the concrete structure is cracked in the using process, so that air and moisture are easy to invade, and the reinforcing steel bars are corroded to cause potential safety hazards. The bonding and wrapping steel reinforcing method and the bonding steel plate reinforcing method have higher requirements on high-temperature places and shockproof places.
Patent 201510740523.4 discloses a high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab. The high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab comprises the following components: 20-40 parts of portland cement, 6-9 parts of coal ash, 2-8 parts of calcium oxide, 1-4 parts of bone glue powder, 3-4 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 1-5 parts of chitosan, 2-6 parts of sodium aluminate, 3-7 parts of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 1-6 parts of lithium carbonate, 2-4 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 3-8 parts of polypropylene fiber, 2-5 parts of sepiolite, 6-8 parts of water glass, 1-6 parts of diethylenetriamine, 2-5 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, 3-6 parts of an anionic surfactant type foaming agent, 2-7 parts of lecithin, 2-5 parts of triethanolamine and 1-3 parts of polycarboxylate. Although the concrete precast slab has good strength performance, the used materials are expensive, the fireproof performance of the materials is poor, and the sound insulation effect is poor.
Patent 201510742586.3 discloses a prefabricated panel. The material comprises the following components: cement, fly ash, expanded perlite, a stone forming agent and water. The mass ratio of the cement to the fly ash is 2.0-3.5: 1.0; the mass ratio of water to cement and fly ash is 1.1: 1.0; the mass ratio of the cement and the fly ash to the expanded perlite is 2.2: 1.0; the stone forming agent is a mixture and comprises the components of alkyl sulfonate, dodecanol, starch, sodium cellulose, gypsum and sodium sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of cement, fly ash and the stone forming agent is 1.0: 0.03 to 0.05; the concrete precast slab has good bearing capacity, heat preservation performance and fire resistance, but has low strength, weak compression resistance and tensile strength and heavy weight.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab, which not only reduces the material cost and shortens the construction period, but also increases the compression resistance and tensile resistance, improves the heat preservation effect and sound insulation effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab.
A high-strength light concrete precast slab comprises a protective layer, a fire-proof layer, a heat-insulating layer, a sound-insulating layer and a reinforced concrete layer. The protective layers are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the precast slab, and a fireproof layer, a heat insulation layer, a sound insulation layer, a reinforced concrete layer, a sound insulation layer, a heat insulation layer and a fireproof layer are sequentially arranged between the upper protective layer and the lower protective layer from bottom to top; the fireproof layer is formed by coating an asbestos powder layer with a tributyl phosphate layer; the heat-insulating layer is formed by coating a perlite powder layer on a polyurethane foam layer; the sound insulation layer is formed by covering a beta type semi-hydrated gypsum powder layer with a polyester fiber cotton layer; the reinforced concrete layer is composed of a frame and a metal grid, wherein the frame is made of concrete coated aramid fiber guide rods, and the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of quartz sand, 20-35 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of industrial waste residue, 10-20 parts of tailing slag and 3-8 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber.
The protective layer is carbon fiber mesh cloth.
The mass ratio of the asbestos powder to the tributyl phosphate in the fireproof layer is as follows: 2.0-3.5: 1.0; the mass ratio of the perlite to the polyurethane foam in the heat-insulating layer is as follows: 2.0-3.0: 1.0; the mass ratio of the beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum to the polyester cellucotton in the sound insulation layer is as follows: 1.5-2.5: 1.0; the thickness of the reinforced concrete layer accounts for 2/3-3/4 of the thickness of the whole concrete precast slab.
The metal grid in the reinforced concrete layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: al: 92%, Cu: 1.18%, Zn: 0.43%, Fe: 0.86%, Mn: 0.89%, Ni: 0.68, Sn: 0.62%, Si: 0.63%, C: 0.76 percent, less than or equal to 0.017 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.011 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.007 percent of H, less than or equal to 0.009 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.012 percent of Cs, less than or equal to 0.009 percent of Ge and the balance of inevitable impurities.
The industrial waste residue is one or more of iron slag, copper slag, zinc slag, waste gypsum and blast furnace slag; the tailing slag is one or more of magnesium iron silicate tailings, calcium aluminum silicate tailings and calcium carbonate tailings.
Preferably, the raw materials of the concrete material in the reinforced concrete layer also comprise 10-25 parts of amphibole.
Preferably, the raw material of the concrete material in the reinforced concrete layer further comprises 5-8 parts of poly tetraglycidyl m-xylene diamine.
Preferably, the raw materials of the concrete material in the reinforced concrete layer also comprise 5-8 parts of monocalcium hexaaluminate.
The preparation method of the high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight portion, 20-35 portions of cement, 20-30 portions of quartz sand, 20-35 portions of fly ash, 10-20 portions of industrial waste residue, 10-20 portions of tailing slag and 3-8 portions of polyacrylonitrile fiber are put into a ball mill for dry grinding to obtain a mixed dry material;
(2) adding water which accounts for 0.5-2.0 times of the weight of the mixed dry materials, adding the components into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 30min at the stirring speed of 600r/min, taking out, and wet-grinding to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) pouring the mixed slurry into a template, molding by using a hydraulic molding machine to obtain a green body, and drying the green body;
(4) and (3) respectively coating a sound insulation layer, a heat insulation layer and a fireproof layer material on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank in sequence, and arranging a protective layer to obtain the high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab.
10-25 parts of waste glauconite powder ore are also added in the step (1).
5-8 parts of tetraglycidyl m-xylene diamine or 5-8 parts of monocalcium hexaaluminate are also added in the step (2).
The drying temperature in the step (3) is as follows: room temperature to 150 ℃; the temperature rise rate in the drying process is controlled as follows: 5 ℃/min; the drying time is 3-6 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the light high-strength prefabricated slab prepared by the invention takes the industrial waste materials such as the fly ash, the industrial waste residue, the tailing slag and the like as raw materials, the waste materials are utilized, the material cost is reduced, the size is customized according to the requirement, the prefabrication is realized, and the construction period is shortened. The prefabricated slab has good bearing capacity, and the fire resistance, the heat preservation effect and the sound insulation effect are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
1-protective layer, 2-fire-proof layer, 3-heat-insulating layer, 4-sound-insulating layer, 5-reinforced concrete layer, 6-tributyl phosphate layer, 7-polyurethane foam layer, 8-polyester fiber cotton layer, and 9-frame and metal grid made of aramid fiber guide rod.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the light high-strength precast slab of the invention comprises a protective layer 1, a fire-proof layer 2, a heat-insulating layer 3, a sound-insulating layer 4 and a reinforced concrete layer 5, wherein the protective layer 1 is arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the precast slab, and the fire-proof layer 2, the heat-insulating layer 3, the sound-insulating layer 4, the reinforced concrete layer 5, the sound-insulating layer 4, the heat-insulating layer 3 and the fire-proof layer 2 are sequentially arranged between the upper and lower protective layers 1 from bottom to top; the fireproof layer 2 is formed by coating an asbestos powder layer with a tributyl phosphate layer 6; the heat-insulating layer 3 is formed by coating a polyurethane foam layer 7 with a perlite powder layer; the sound insulation layer 4 is formed by coating a beta type semi-hydrated gypsum powder layer with a polyester fiber cotton layer 8; the reinforced concrete layer 5 is composed of a frame made of concrete-coated aramid fiber guide rods and a metal grid 9.
Example 1
A light high-strength prefabricated plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium-iron-silicate tailing slag, 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 11kg of asbestos powder, 4kg of tributyl phosphate, 11kg of perlite powder, 4kg of polyurethane foam, 10kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder and 5kg of polyester fiber cotton.
The preparation method of the green building refractory material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium-iron silicate tailing slag and 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber are put into a ball mill for dry grinding to obtain a mixed dry material;
(2) adding water which is 1 time of the weight of the mixed dry materials, adding the components into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 30min at a stirring speed of 600r/min, taking out, and wet-grinding to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) pouring the mixed slurry into a template, molding by using a hydraulic molding machine to obtain a green body, and drying the green body;
(4) 5.5kg of asbestos powder serving as a sound insulation layer material, 2kg of tributyl phosphate, 5.5kg of perlite powder serving as a heat insulation layer material, 2kg of polyurethane foam, 5kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder serving as a fireproof layer material and 2.5kg of polyester fiber cotton are sequentially and respectively coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank body in a scraping mode, and a protective layer is arranged to obtain the precast slab.
Example 2
A light high-strength prefabricated plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20kg of cement, 20kg of quartz sand, 20kg of fly ash, 10kg of iron slag, 10kg of calcium-aluminum silicate tailing slag, 3kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 9kg of asbestos powder, 4kg of tributyl phosphate, 9kg of perlite powder, 4kg of polyurethane foam, 8kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder and 5kg of polyester fiber cotton.
The preparation method of the green building refractory material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 20kg of cement, 20kg of quartz sand, 20kg of fly ash, 10kg of iron slag, 10kg of calcium aluminosilicate tailing slag and 3kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber are put into a ball mill for dry grinding to obtain a mixed dry material;
(2) adding water which accounts for 0.5 time of the weight of the mixed dry materials, adding the components into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 30min at a stirring speed of 600r/min, taking out, and wet-grinding to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) pouring the mixed slurry into a template, molding by using a hydraulic molding machine to obtain a green body, and drying the green body;
(4) 4.5kg of asbestos powder serving as a sound insulation layer material, 2kg of tributyl phosphate, 4.5kg of perlite powder serving as a heat insulation layer material, 2kg of polyurethane foam, 4kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder serving as a fireproof layer material and 2.5kg of polyester fiber cotton are sequentially and respectively coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank body in a scraping mode, and a protective layer is arranged to obtain the precast slab.
Example 3
A light high-strength prefabricated plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35kg of cement, 30kg of quartz sand, 35kg of fly ash, 20kg of iron slag, 20kg of calcium-aluminum silicate tailing slag, 8kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 12kg of asbestos powder, 4kg of tributyl phosphate, 12kg of perlite powder, 4kg of polyurethane foam, 11kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder and 5kg of polyester fiber cotton.
The preparation method of the green building refractory material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 20kg of cement, 20kg of quartz sand, 20kg of fly ash, 10kg of iron slag, 10kg of calcium aluminosilicate tailing slag and 3kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber are put into a ball mill for dry grinding to obtain a mixed dry material;
(2) adding water 2 times the weight of the dry mixed materials, adding the components into a high-speed mixer, mixing at a stirring speed of 600r/min for 30min, taking out, and wet-grinding to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) pouring the mixed slurry into a template, molding by using a hydraulic molding machine to obtain a green body, and drying the green body;
(4) 6kg of asbestos powder and 2kg of tributyl phosphate serving as sound insulation layer materials, 6kg of perlite powder and 2kg of polyurethane foam serving as heat insulation layer materials, 5.5kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder serving as a fireproof layer material and 2.5kg of polyester fiber cotton are sequentially and respectively coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank body in a scraping mode, and a protective layer is arranged to obtain the precast slab.
Example 4
A light high-strength prefabricated plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium-iron-silicate tailing slag, 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 15kg of amphibole, 11kg of asbestos powder, 4kg of tributyl phosphate, 11kg of perlite powder, 4kg of polyurethane foam, 10kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder and 5kg of polyester fiber cotton.
The preparation method of the green building refractory material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium iron silicate tailing slag, 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 15kg of hornblende are put into a ball mill for dry grinding to obtain a mixed dry material;
(2) adding water which is 1 time of the weight of the mixed dry materials, adding the components into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 30min at a stirring speed of 600r/min, taking out, and wet-grinding to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) pouring the mixed slurry into a template, molding by using a hydraulic molding machine to obtain a green body, and drying the green body;
(4) 5.5kg of asbestos powder serving as a sound insulation layer material, 2kg of tributyl phosphate, 5.5kg of perlite powder serving as a heat insulation layer material, 2kg of polyurethane foam, 5kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder serving as a fireproof layer material and 2.5kg of polyester fiber cotton are sequentially and respectively coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank body in a scraping mode, and a protective layer is arranged to obtain the precast slab.
Example 5
A light high-strength prefabricated plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium-iron-silicate tailing slag, 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 6kg of poly tetraglycidyl m-xylene diamine, 11kg of asbestos powder, 4kg of tributyl phosphate, 11kg of perlite powder, 4kg of polyurethane foam, 10kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder and 5kg of polyester fiber cotton.
The preparation method of the green building refractory material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium iron silicate tailing slag, 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 6kg of polytetraglycidyl m-xylene diamine are put into a ball mill for dry grinding to obtain a mixed dry material;
(2) adding water which is 1 time of the weight of the mixed dry materials, adding the components into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 30min at a stirring speed of 600r/min, taking out, and wet-grinding to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) pouring the mixed slurry into a template, molding by using a hydraulic molding machine to obtain a green body, and drying the green body;
(4) 5.5kg of asbestos powder serving as a sound insulation layer material, 2kg of tributyl phosphate, 5.5kg of perlite powder serving as a heat insulation layer material, 2kg of polyurethane foam, 5kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder serving as a fireproof layer material and 2.5kg of polyester fiber cotton are sequentially and respectively coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank body in a scraping mode, and a protective layer is arranged to obtain the precast slab.
Example 6
A light high-strength prefabricated plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium-iron-silicate tailing slag, 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 6kg of monocalcium hexaluminate, 11kg of asbestos powder, 4kg of tributyl phosphate, 11kg of perlite powder, 4kg of polyurethane foam, 10kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder and 5kg of polyester fiber cotton.
The preparation method of the green building refractory material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium-iron silicate tailing slag, 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 6kg of mono-calcium hexaaluminate are put into a ball mill for dry grinding to obtain a mixed dry material;
(2) adding water which is 1 time of the weight of the mixed dry materials, adding the components into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 30min at a stirring speed of 600r/min, taking out, and wet-grinding to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) pouring the mixed slurry into a template, molding by using a hydraulic molding machine to obtain a green body, and drying the green body;
(4) 5.5kg of asbestos powder serving as a sound insulation layer material, 2kg of tributyl phosphate, 5.5kg of perlite powder serving as a heat insulation layer material, 2kg of polyurethane foam, 5kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder serving as a fireproof layer material and 2.5kg of polyester fiber cotton are sequentially and respectively coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank body in a scraping mode, and a protective layer is arranged to obtain the precast slab.
Example 7
A light high-strength prefabricated plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium-iron-silicate tailing slag, 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 15kg of anorthite, 11kg of asbestos powder, 4kg of tributyl phosphate, 11kg of perlite powder, 4kg of polyurethane foam, 10kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder and 5kg of polyester fiber cotton.
The preparation method of the green building refractory material comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the weight parts, 27kg of cement, 25kg of quartz sand, 27kg of fly ash, 15kg of copper slag, 15kg of magnesium-iron silicate tailing slag, 5kg of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 15kg of anorthite are put into a ball mill for dry grinding to obtain a mixed dry material;
(2) adding water which is 1 time of the weight of the mixed dry materials, adding the components into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 30min at a stirring speed of 600r/min, taking out, and wet-grinding to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) pouring the mixed slurry into a template, molding by using a hydraulic molding machine to obtain a green body, and drying the green body;
(4) 5.5kg of asbestos powder serving as a sound insulation layer material, 2kg of tributyl phosphate, 5.5kg of perlite powder serving as a heat insulation layer material, 2kg of polyurethane foam, 5kg of beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder serving as a fireproof layer material and 2.5kg of polyester fiber cotton are sequentially and respectively coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank body in a scraping mode, and a protective layer is arranged to obtain the precast slab.
Experimental example:
test pieces having the dimensions of 200mm × 100mm × 50mm were prepared according to the preparation methods of examples 1 to 7, and after the test pieces were naturally dried for 24 hours, room-temperature flexural strength and compressive strength were measured, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001770263450000101
Figure BDA0001770263450000111
Note: represents P <0.05 compared to the example 1 group.
As can be seen from table 1, the flexural strengths of examples 1-4, example 7 are comparable, with no significant difference, and the flexural strengths of the materials of examples 5-6 are significantly higher than example 1. The compressive strengths of examples 1-3 and 5 were comparable without significant difference, and the compressive strengths of examples 4 and 6 were significantly higher than those of example 1.
The samples of examples 1-7 were subjected to bulk density and thermal conductivity measurements, the results of which are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001770263450000112
Note: represents P <0.05 compared to the example 1 group.
It can be seen from table 2 that the bulk densities of the samples of examples 1-4, 6-7 are comparable without significant difference, and the bulk density of the sample of example 5 is significantly lower than that of example 1; the samples of examples 1-4 had comparable thermal conductivities, with no significant difference, and the samples of examples 5-6 had significantly higher thermal conductivities than example 1.
The samples of examples 1 to 7 were subjected to measurement of sound insulating quality and apparent porosity, and the measurement results are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0001770263450000121
Note: represents P <0.05 compared to the example 1 group.
As can be seen from table 3, the sound insulation qualities of the samples of examples 1 to 4 and 6 to 7 are equivalent without significant difference, and the sound insulation quality of the sample of example 5 is significantly lower than that of example 1; the apparent porosities of the samples of examples 1-4 were comparable without significant difference, and the apparent porosities of the samples of examples 5-6 were significantly higher than those of example 1.

Claims (7)

1. A high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab comprises a protective layer, a fire-proof layer, a heat-insulating layer, a sound-insulating layer and a reinforced concrete layer, and is characterized in that the protective layer is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the precast slab, and the fire-proof layer, the heat-insulating layer, the sound-insulating layer, the reinforced concrete layer, the sound-insulating layer, the heat-insulating layer and the fire-proof layer are sequentially arranged between the upper protective layer and the lower protective layer from bottom to top; the fireproof layer is formed by coating an asbestos powder layer with a tributyl phosphate layer; the heat-insulating layer is formed by coating a perlite powder layer on a polyurethane foam layer; the sound insulation layer is formed by covering a beta type semi-hydrated gypsum powder layer with a polyester fiber cotton layer; the reinforced concrete layer is composed of a frame and a metal grid, wherein the frame is made of concrete coated aramid fiber guide rods, and the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of quartz sand, 20-35 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of industrial waste residue, 10-20 parts of tailing slag and 3-8 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber; the industrial waste residue is more than one of iron residue, copper residue, zinc residue, waste gypsum and blast furnace slag; the tailing slag is more than one of magnesium-iron silicate tailings, calcium-aluminum silicate tailings and calcareous carbonate tailings;
the raw materials of the concrete material in the reinforced concrete layer also comprise 5-8 parts of monocalcium hexaaluminate.
2. The high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab according to claim 1, wherein the protective layer is a carbon fiber mesh.
3. The high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the asbestos powder to the tributyl phosphate in the fire-proof layer is as follows: 2.0-3.5: 1.0; the mass ratio of the perlite to the polyurethane foam in the heat-insulating layer is as follows: 2.0-3.0: 1.0; the mass ratio of the beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum to the polyester cellucotton in the sound insulation layer is as follows: 1.5-2.5: 1.0; the thickness of the reinforced concrete layer accounts for 2/3-3/4 of the thickness of the whole concrete precast slab.
4. The high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab according to claim 1, wherein the metal grid in the reinforced concrete layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: al: 92%, Cu: 1.18%, Zn: 0.43%, Fe: 0.86%, Mn: 0.89%, Ni: 0.68%, Sn: 0.62%, Si: 0.63%, C: 0.76 percent, less than or equal to 0.017 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.011 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.007 percent of H, less than or equal to 0.009 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.012 percent of Cs, less than or equal to 0.009 percent of Ge and the balance of inevitable impurities.
5. The high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab according to claim 1, wherein the raw material of the concrete material in the reinforced concrete layer further comprises hornblende 10-25 parts.
6. The method for preparing a high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab according to claim 1, which comprises the steps of:
(1) according to the weight portion, 20-35 portions of cement, 20-30 portions of quartz sand, 20-35 portions of fly ash, 10-20 portions of industrial waste residue, 10-20 portions of tailing slag, 3-8 portions of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 5-8 portions of calcium hexaaluminate are put into a ball mill for dry grinding to obtain a mixed dry material;
(2) adding water which accounts for 0.5-2.0 times of the weight of the mixed dry materials, adding the components into a high-speed mixer, mixing for 30min at the stirring speed of 600r/min, taking out, and wet-grinding to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) pouring the mixed slurry into a template, molding by using a hydraulic molding machine to obtain a green body, and drying the green body;
(4) and respectively coating sound insulation layers, heat insulation layers and fireproof layer materials on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank body in a scraping mode, and arranging a protective layer to obtain the high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab.
7. The method for preparing a high-strength lightweight concrete precast slab according to claim 6, wherein the drying temperature in the step (3) is as follows: room temperature to 150 ℃; the temperature rise rate in the drying process is controlled as follows: 5 ℃/min; the drying time is 3-6 h.
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