CN115259823B - Lightweight high-strength low-thermal-conductivity aerated concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Lightweight high-strength low-thermal-conductivity aerated concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115259823B
CN115259823B CN202210858207.7A CN202210858207A CN115259823B CN 115259823 B CN115259823 B CN 115259823B CN 202210858207 A CN202210858207 A CN 202210858207A CN 115259823 B CN115259823 B CN 115259823B
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aerated concrete
aggregate
quicklime
light
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CN115259823A (en
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李阳
王丽娜
张思慧
吴卫平
田宇
刘晓琴
卢胜强
刘吉红
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Wuhan Building Material Industry Design & Research Institute Co Ltd
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Wuhan Building Material Industry Design & Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
    • C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
    • C04B40/0245—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave including a pre-curing step not involving a steam or autoclave treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

The invention provides light high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of lime, 20-35 parts of quartz sand tailings, 10-15 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum powder paste, 0.1-0.3 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 20-30 parts of aggregate C; the aggregate C is prepared from light xonotlite whisker, cement, quicklime, silica fume, fly ash and water glass through granulation and high-temperature maintenance, and the bulk density of the light xonotlite whisker is 0.045-0.065 g/cm 3 . The invention consumes a large amount of solid wastes such as fly ash, quartz sand tailings, waste aerated concrete and the like, the building block is light, high in strength, good in freezing resistance, high in volume stability and low in heat conductivity coefficient, and the condition that the traditional B04-level gas adding block is severely limited in application range due to insufficient strength is overcome; meanwhile, the aggregate C is added, so that the structure of the aerated concrete block is improved, and the freezing resistance, the compressive strength, the volume stability and the like are obviously improved.

Description

Lightweight high-strength low-thermal-conductivity aerated concrete and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to light high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The aerated concrete is a porous light silicate building product which is made up by using siliceous material and calcareous material as main raw materials, adding air-entraining agent and other regulating materials and adopting the processes of proportioning pouring, air-entraining still hearing, cutting and autoclaved curing (non-autoclaved curing), etc. and has the characteristics of light weight, heat-insulating and incombustible, etc.
At present, most aerated concrete products on the market have absolute dry densities of B05 and B06, high strength (more than or equal to 3.5 MPa), large volume weight and heat conductivity coefficient of 0.14-0.16W/(m.K), can not meet the 75% energy-saving requirement of a single material, and meanwhile, the absolute dry densities of B03 and B04 are low in heat conductivity coefficient of 0.10-0.12W/(m.K), but the compressive strength is generally low only about 2-3.5 MPa, so that the strength of filling materials used for certain building structures can not reach the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete, which can obviously reduce the volume weight and the heat conductivity coefficient of the building blocks and greatly improve the comprehensive properties of the aerated concrete, such as the strength, the volume stability, the freezing resistance and the like on the basis of meeting the requirements of energy conservation, environmental protection, strength and the like of the building.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of lime, 20-35 parts of quartz sand tailings, 10-15 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum powder paste, 0.1-0.3 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 20-30 parts of aggregate C; the aggregate C is prepared from light xonotlite whisker, cement, quicklime, silica fume, fly ash and water glass through granulation and high-temperature curing, and the bulk density of the light xonotlite whisker is 0.045-0.065 g/cm 3 。
Preferably, the content of calcium oxide in the lime is more than or equal to 75%, and the content of silicon dioxide in the quartz sand tailings is more than or equal to 75%.
Preferably, the waste aerated concrete is subjected to nanocrystallization treatment, wherein the median particle size is 350nm.
Preferably, the moisture content of the desulfurized gypsum is less than or equal to 10 percent.
Preferably, the length of the polyacrylonitrile fiber is 1-3 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the aggregate C is 1-3 mm.
Preferably, the lightweight xonotlite whisker in the aggregate C is prepared by dynamic hydrothermal synthesis of lime milk, silica micropowder and a catalyst, wherein the lime milk is obtained by digestion of industrial-grade quicklime, the molar ratio of the industrial-grade quicklime to the silica micropowder is 0.9:1, the water-solid ratio is 35-45, and the hydrothermal synthesis temperature is 230-240 ℃.
Preferably, the calcium oxide content in the technical grade quicklime is 70-80%; the silicon micropowder is 800 meshes, and the silicon dioxide content in the silicon micropowder is more than or equal to 90%; the catalyst adopts ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O and the mass of the catalyst is 1 percent of the total mass of the industrial grade quicklime and the silicon micropowder.
Preferably, the aggregate C comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of light xonotlite whisker, 5-10 parts of cement, 4-8 parts of quicklime, 5-10 parts of silica fume, 3-5 parts of fly ash and 3-4 parts of water glass.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete, which comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of aggregate C
a. Preparing light xonotlite whisker, weighing industrial quick lime and silicon micropowder according to the molar ratio of the industrial quick lime to the silicon micropowder of 0.9:1, adding water in advance to digest the industrial quick lime to prepare lime milk, mixing the lime milk, the silicon micropowder and a catalyst together, pouring the mixture into a dynamic kettle with a stirring device for hydrothermal synthesis reaction, wherein the water-solid ratio of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction is 35-45, and the hydrothermal synthesis temperature is 230-240 ℃;
b. mixing cement, quicklime and fly ash according to a designed proportion, and putting the mixture A into a ball mill for treatment, wherein the screen residue of the mixture A passing through 800 meshes is less than or equal to 10%;
c. stirring and mixing the prepared light xonotlite whisker, the mixture A, the micro silicon powder and the water glass, granulating the mixture by a granulator to form a semi-finished aggregate B, and curing the semi-finished aggregate B at 80 ℃ under the curing conditions of RH not less than 95% and 24 hours to obtain a finished aggregate C;
2) Nanocrystallization of waste aerated concrete
Crushing the waste aerated concrete by a crusher, adding water, and pouring the crushed waste aerated concrete into a ball mill for wet grinding treatment to obtain nanocrystallized waste aerated concrete;
3) Weighing cement, lime, quartz sand tailings, waste aerated concrete, desulfurized gypsum, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, aluminum powder paste, polyacrylonitrile fibers and aggregate C according to a designed proportion, adding water, and uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 800-1380 rpm to obtain mixed slurry D;
4) Pouring the mixed slurry D into a mould, pre-curing for 4 hours at 45-57 ℃, demoulding and cutting to obtain a blank body with fixed specification, placing the blank body into a steam curing kettle for steam curing, wherein the steam curing time is 7.5-10 hours, the temperature is 180-190 ℃, the pressure is 1-1.3 MPa, and removing the aerated block after the steam curing is completed from the steam curing kettle to obtain the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete.
In the invention, in the raw material of the aggregate C, the light xonotlite whisker is fibrous crystal which can be used as crystal nucleus in a reaction system and intertwined to form a nest-shaped structure, and has extremely low heat conductivity, good heat resistance, good volume stability and high strength; the silica fume is amorphous silica, has high volcanic ash activity, and can react with cement in a system to generate hydrated calcium silicate gel under a high-temperature condition, so that each component in the aggregate is connected to ensure the integrity of the aggregate; the vitreous silica and the aluminum oxide in the fly ash can also partially react with cement under the high temperature condition to form hydrated calcium silicate and hydrated calcium aluminate so as to further improve the early strength; meanwhile, under the condition of post-steaming, the light xonotlite whisker can be used as crystal nucleus to further promote products such as hydrated calcium silicate and the like to form crystals with higher crystallinity such as tobermorite and the like, so that the aggregate C prepared by the invention has the advantages of high strength, light weight, low heat conductivity coefficient, good volume stability and the like; by adding the aggregate C, the structure, compressive strength, heat conductivity, freezing resistance, volume stability and other performances of the autoclaved aerated concrete are improved, so that the finally prepared aerated concrete has the advantages of light weight, high strength, low heat conductivity and the like.
In the formula design of the aerated concrete, the surfactant (namely sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate) and aluminum powder paste are adopted to form composite foaming with good grading, so that surface bubbles can be provided with double-wall films, the bubbles can exist stably, and the polyacrylonitrile fiber has the characteristics of good dispersibility, excellent ageing resistance and adaptability, excellent cracking resistance, freezing and thawing resistance and the like, and the synergistic effect of a proper amount of surfactant and a small amount of polyacrylonitrile fiber can reduce the density of the aerated concrete product and improve the comprehensive properties of the product such as strength, cracking resistance, freezing resistance and the like.
In addition, the invention adopts the nano waste aerated concrete as the raw material, which can be used as crystal nucleus to promote the reaction and can be used for filling part of micropores, thereby bringing the waste into play with excellent performance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete block of the B04 level is prepared through the optimal design of the formula, the volume weight and the heat conductivity of the block are obviously reduced on the premise of meeting the requirements of energy conservation, environmental protection, strength and the like of a building, the comprehensive performances of strength, volume stability, freezing resistance and the like of the aerated concrete are greatly improved, and a large amount of solid wastes such as waste aerated concrete, fly ash, quartz sand tailings and the like are adopted as raw materials, so that the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete block meets the requirements of the state-favored green environmental protection, and the waste materials are reasonably utilized.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides light high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 to 15 parts of cement, 20 to 30 parts of lime, 20 to 35 parts of quartz sand tailings, 10 to 15 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum powder paste, 0.1 to 0.3 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber,20-30 parts of aggregate C; wherein the aggregate C is prepared from light xonotlite whisker, cement, quicklime, silica fume, fly ash and water glass through granulation and high-temperature maintenance, and the bulk density of the light xonotlite whisker is 0.045-0.065 g/cm 3 。
Preferably, the calcium oxide content in the lime is more than or equal to 75%, the silicon dioxide content in the quartz sand tailings is more than or equal to 75%, the waste aerated concrete is subjected to nanocrystallization treatment, the median particle size is 350nm, the water content of the desulfurized gypsum is less than or equal to 10%, the length of the polyacrylonitrile fiber is 1-3 mm, and the diameter of the aggregate C is 1-3 mm. The aggregate C comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of light xonotlite whisker, 5-10 parts of cement, 4-8 parts of quicklime, 5-10 parts of silica fume, 3-5 parts of fly ash and 3-4 parts of water glass.
The light-weight xonotlite whiskers in the aggregate C can be prepared by the following method: the light xonotlite whisker prepared by the method has a fibrous microstructure, is composed of porous spherical agglomerates composed of xonotlite fiber crystals, has a porosity of more than 95% and a bulk density of only 0.045-0.065 g/cm, and is prepared by a dynamic hydrothermal synthesis method, wherein the lime milk is obtained by digestion of industrial-grade quicklime, the molar ratio of the industrial-grade quicklime to the silicon micropowder is 0.9:1, the water-solid ratio is 35-45, and the hydrothermal synthesis temperature is 230-240 ℃ 3 The xonotlite has high purity, good crystallinity, extremely low heat conductivity coefficient, good volume stability and strength.
Wherein, preferably, the calcium oxide content in the industrial grade quicklime is 70-80%; the silicon micropowder is 800 meshes, and the silicon dioxide content in the silicon micropowder is more than or equal to 90%; the catalyst adopts ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O and the mass of the catalyst is 1 percent of the total mass of the industrial grade quicklime and the silicon micropowder.
The following describes the properties of the lightweight high-strength low thermal conductivity aerated concrete of the present invention by means of specific examples.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides light high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of cement, 30 parts of lime, 35 parts of quartz sand tailings, 10 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum powder paste, 0.1 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 30 parts of aggregate C.
Wherein the aggregate C consists of the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of light xonotlite whisker, 5 parts of cement, 8 parts of quicklime, 8 parts of micro silicon powder, 5 parts of fly ash and 3 parts of water glass.
The preparation process of the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, weighing industrial quicklime and silicon micropowder according to the molar ratio of 0.9:1 of the industrial quicklime to the silicon micropowder, adding water into the quicklime in advance to digest the quicklime to prepare lime milk, mixing the lime milk, the silicon micropowder and a small amount of catalyst together, pouring the mixture into a dynamic kettle with a stirring device, and carrying out hydrothermal synthesis, wherein the catalyst adopts ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O, the mass of the catalyst is 1 percent of the total mass of the industrial-grade quicklime and the silicon micropowder, the water-solid ratio is 35, the hydrothermal synthesis temperature is 230 ℃, and the stacking density of the prepared light-weight xonotlite whisker is 0.065g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, 5 parts of cement, 8 parts of quicklime and 5 parts of fly ash are mixed according to a proportion, and the mixture A is processed in a ball mill for 120min, and the screen residue of the mixture A is less than or equal to 10% after passing through a 800-mesh screen; mixing 50 parts of light xonotlite whisker obtained by hydrothermal synthesis, the mixture A, 8 parts of micro silicon powder and 3 parts of water glass, and granulating by a granulator to form a semi-finished aggregate B; and finally, the semi-finished aggregate B is subjected to a curing system of 80 ℃ RH not less than 95% for 24 hours to obtain the finished aggregate C.
(2) Crushing the waste aerated concrete by a crusher, adding water into the crushed waste aerated concrete, and then, adding water into a ball mill, and wet-milling for 120min to obtain the waste aerated concrete with the median particle size of 350nm.
(3) The weight ratio is as follows: 15 parts of cement, 30 parts of lime, 35 parts of quartz sand tailings, 10 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum paste, 0.1 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 30 parts of aggregate C are respectively weighed into raw materials, the water consumption is 65% of the total material mass, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed at a stirring rotation speed of 1380rpm to obtain mixed slurry D; pouring the mixed slurry D into a die, pre-curing for 4 hours at 45 ℃, and demolding and cutting to obtain a blank body with fixed specification; and then placing the green body into a steam curing kettle for steam curing, wherein the steam curing time is 7.5h, the temperature is 190 ℃, the pressure is 1.3MPa, and removing the aerated block after the steam curing is finished from the steam curing kettle to obtain the B04-level lightweight aerated concrete block with high strength and low thermal conductivity.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides light high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13 parts of cement, 25 parts of lime, 27 parts of quartz sand tailings, 13 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum powder paste, 0.3 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 24 parts of aggregate C.
Wherein the aggregate C consists of the following components in parts by weight: 58 parts of light xonotlite whisker, 10 parts of cement, 6 parts of quicklime, 10 parts of micro silicon powder, 3 parts of fly ash and 4 parts of water glass.
The preparation process of the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, weighing industrial quicklime and silicon micropowder according to the molar ratio of 0.9:1 of the industrial quicklime to the silicon micropowder, adding water into the quicklime in advance to digest the quicklime to prepare lime milk, mixing the lime milk, the silicon micropowder and a small amount of catalyst together, pouring the mixture into a dynamic kettle with a stirring device, and carrying out hydrothermal synthesis, wherein the catalyst adopts ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O, the mass of the catalyst is 1 percent of the total mass of the industrial-grade quicklime and the silicon micropowder, the water-solid ratio is 40, the hydrothermal synthesis temperature is 235 ℃, and the stacking density of the prepared light-weight xonotlite whisker is 0.055g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, 10 parts of cement, 6 parts of quicklime and 3 parts of fly ash are mixed according to a proportion, and the mixture A is processed in a ball mill for 120min, and the screen residue of the mixture A is less than or equal to 10% through a 800-mesh screen; mixing 58 parts of light xonotlite whisker obtained by hydrothermal synthesis, the mixture A, 10 parts of micro silicon powder and 4 parts of water glass, and granulating by a granulator to form a semi-finished aggregate B; and finally, the semi-finished aggregate B is subjected to a curing system of 80 ℃ RH not less than 95% for 24 hours to obtain the finished aggregate C.
(2) Crushing the waste aerated concrete by a crusher, adding water into the crushed waste aerated concrete, and then, adding water into a ball mill, and wet-milling for 120min to obtain the waste aerated concrete with the median particle size of 350nm.
(3) The weight ratio is as follows: 13 parts of cement, 25 parts of lime, 27 parts of quartz sand tailings, 13 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum paste, 0.3 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 24 parts of aggregate C, respectively weighing raw materials, wherein the water consumption is 60% of the total material mass, and uniformly mixing the raw materials at a stirring speed of 1100rpm to obtain mixed slurry D; pouring the mixed slurry D into a die, pre-curing for 4 hours at 57 ℃, and demolding and cutting to obtain a blank body with fixed specification; and then placing the green body into a steam curing kettle for steam curing, wherein the steam curing time is 9h, the temperature is 180 ℃, the pressure is 1.0MPa, and removing the aerated block after the steam curing is finished from the steam curing kettle to obtain the B04-level lightweight aerated concrete block with high strength and low heat conductivity.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides light high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of cement, 20 parts of lime, 25 parts of quartz sand tailings, 10 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum powder paste, 0.2 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 20 parts of aggregate C.
Wherein the aggregate C consists of the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of light xonotlite whisker, 8 parts of cement, 4 parts of quicklime, 5 parts of micro silicon powder, 4 parts of fly ash and 4 parts of water glass.
The preparation process of the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, weighing industrial quicklime and silicon micropowder according to the molar ratio of 0.9:1 of the industrial quicklime to the silicon micropowder, adding water into the quicklime in advance to digest the quicklime to prepare lime milk, mixing the lime milk, the silicon micropowder and a small amount of catalyst together, pouring the mixture into a dynamic kettle with a stirring device, and carrying out hydrothermal synthesis, wherein the catalyst adopts ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O and the mass of the catalyst is the total mass of the technical grade quicklime and the silicon micropowder1 percent, the water-solid ratio is 45, the hydrothermal synthesis temperature is 240 ℃, and the stacking density of the prepared light xonotlite whisker is 0.045g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then 8 parts of cement, 4 parts of quicklime and 4 parts of fly ash are mixed according to a proportion, and the mixture A is processed in a ball mill for 120min, and the residue of the mixture A is less than or equal to 10% after passing through a 800-mesh sieve; then 70 parts of light xonotlite whisker obtained by hydrothermal synthesis, the mixture A, 5 parts of micro silicon powder and 4 parts of water glass are stirred and mixed, and then granulated by a granulator together to form semi-finished aggregate B; and finally, the semi-finished aggregate B is subjected to a curing system of 80 ℃ RH not less than 95% for 24 hours to obtain the finished aggregate C.
(2) Crushing the waste aerated concrete by a crusher, adding water into the crushed waste aerated concrete, and then, adding water into a ball mill, and wet-milling for 120min to obtain the waste aerated concrete with the median particle size of 350nm.
(3) The weight ratio is as follows: 10 parts of cement, 20 parts of lime, 25 parts of quartz sand tailings, 10 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum paste, 0.2 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 20 parts of aggregate C, respectively weighing raw materials, wherein the water consumption is 50% of the total material mass, and uniformly mixing the raw materials at a stirring rotation speed of 800rpm to obtain mixed slurry D; pouring the mixed slurry D into a die, pre-curing for 4 hours at 48 ℃, and demolding and cutting to obtain a blank body with fixed specification; and then placing the green body into a steam curing kettle for steam curing, wherein the steam curing time is 10 hours, the temperature is 185 ℃, the pressure is 1.1MPa, and removing the aerated block after the steam curing is finished from the steam curing kettle to obtain the B04-level lightweight aerated concrete block with high strength and low heat conductivity.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides light high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of cement, 25 parts of lime, 20 parts of quartz sand tailings, 15 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum powder paste, 0.2 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 25 parts of aggregate C.
Wherein the aggregate C consists of the following components in parts by weight: 66 parts of light xonotlite whisker, 7 parts of cement, 4 parts of quicklime, 6 parts of micro silicon powder, 3 parts of fly ash and 4 parts of water glass.
The preparation process of the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, weighing industrial quicklime and silicon micropowder according to the molar ratio of 0.9:1 of the industrial quicklime to the silicon micropowder, adding water into the quicklime in advance to digest the quicklime to prepare lime milk, mixing the lime milk, the silicon micropowder and a small amount of catalyst together, pouring the mixture into a dynamic kettle with a stirring device, and carrying out hydrothermal synthesis, wherein the catalyst adopts ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O, the mass of the catalyst is 1 percent of the total mass of the industrial quicklime and the silicon micropowder, the water-solid ratio is 45, the hydrothermal synthesis temperature is 240 ℃, and the stacking density of the prepared light xonotlite whisker is 0.045g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then, mixing 7 parts of cement, 4 parts of quicklime and 3 parts of fly ash according to a proportion, putting the mixture into a ball mill for treatment for 120min, and sieving the mixture A with a 800-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A with the residue less than or equal to 10%; then 66 parts of light xonotlite whisker obtained by hydrothermal synthesis, the mixture A, 6 parts of micro silicon powder and 4 parts of water glass are stirred and mixed, and then granulated by a granulator together to form semi-finished aggregate B; and finally, the semi-finished aggregate B is subjected to a curing system of 80 ℃ RH not less than 95% for 24 hours to obtain the finished aggregate C.
(2) Crushing the waste aerated concrete by a crusher, adding water into the crushed waste aerated concrete, and then, adding water into a ball mill, and wet-milling for 120min to obtain the waste aerated concrete with the median particle size of 350nm.
(3) The weight ratio is as follows: 15 parts of cement, 25 parts of lime, 20 parts of quartz sand tailings, 15 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum paste, 0.2 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 25 parts of aggregate C, respectively weighing raw materials, wherein the water consumption is 58% of the total material mass, and uniformly mixing the raw materials at a stirring rotation speed of 1380rpm to obtain mixed slurry D; pouring the mixed slurry D into a die, pre-curing for 4 hours at 50 ℃, and demolding and cutting to obtain a blank body with fixed specification; and then placing the green body into a steam curing kettle for steam curing, wherein the steam curing time is 8.5h, the temperature is 185 ℃, the pressure is 1.1MPa, and removing the aerated block after the steam curing is finished from the steam curing kettle to obtain the B04-level lightweight aerated concrete block with high strength and low thermal conductivity.
Example 5:
in the embodiment, the influence of quicklime and silica micropowder with different molar ratios on the performance of the prepared lightweight xonotlite whisker and the aerated concrete prepared subsequently is examined, and in order to reflect the effect difference brought by the use of the quicklime and the silica micropowder with different molar ratios in the aerated concrete, three groups of experiments of A groups, B groups and C groups are designed for comparison, wherein the molar ratio of the raw material components for preparing the lightweight xonotlite in the embodiment 3 is adopted in the A group, namely, the molar ratio of the quicklime in the A group to the silica micropowder is 0.9:1; the molar ratio of the quicklime of the group B to the silicon micropowder is 0.8:1; the molar ratio of the quicklime of the group C to the silicon micropowder is 1.05:1. The aerated concrete preparation process of group A, group B and group C in this example was identical to that of example 3 above.
Experimental detection results show that the hydrothermal synthesis product of the group A has only xonotlite and has higher crystallinity and the bulk density is only 0.045g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The B group hydrothermal synthesis product comprises tobermorite, tobermorite and silicon dioxide, and has a bulk density of 0.150g/cm 3 The hydrothermal synthesis product of group C contains tobermorite, xonotlite, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate hexahydrate and the like, and has bulk density of 0.188g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Meanwhile, the aerated concrete prepared by the group A can reach the density B04 level, the compressive strength A5.0, the densities of the group B and the group C are both B05 level, and the compressive strength A3.5. In addition, the freezing resistance, the volume stability and the heat conductivity coefficient performance of the prepared aerated concrete are detected, and the group A aerated concrete is superior to the group B aerated concrete and the group C aerated concrete.
Example 6:
in the embodiment, the influence of different hydrothermal temperatures on the prepared lightweight tobermorite whisker and the subsequently prepared aerated concrete is examined, and in order to reflect the effect difference brought by the different hydrothermal temperatures in the aerated concrete, an experiment of a group A and an experiment of a group B are designed for comparison, wherein the hydrothermal temperature of tobermorite prepared in the embodiment 1 is adopted in the group A, namely, the hydrothermal temperature of the group A is 230 ℃; the hydrothermal temperature of group B is 220 ℃. The aerated concrete preparation process of the A group and the B group in this example is identical to that of the above example 1.
Experimental results show that only the group A hydro-thermal synthesis productsXonotlite has high crystallinity, and bulk density of only 0.065g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The B group hydrothermal synthesis product comprises tobermorite, xonotlite, silicon dioxide and calcium carbonate, and has bulk density of 0.167g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Meanwhile, the aerated concrete prepared by the group A can reach the density B04 level, the compressive strength A5.0, the density of the group B is B05 level, and the compressive strength A3.5. In addition, the freezing resistance, the volume stability and the heat conductivity coefficient performance of the prepared aerated concrete are detected, and the group A is superior to the group B aerated concrete; if the hydrothermal temperature is too high, the resource is wasted, the temperature is too high, the pressure is high, and the safety coefficient is low, so that the hydrothermal synthesis temperature of the lightweight xonotlite whisker is 230-240 ℃.
Example 7:
in the embodiment, the influence of different water-solid ratios on the performance of the prepared light xonotlite whisker and the aerated concrete prepared subsequently is examined, and in order to reflect the effect difference brought by the different water-solid ratios in the aerated concrete, two groups of experiments of A group and B group are designed for comparison, wherein the water-solid ratio of the light xonotlite prepared in the embodiment 1 is adopted in the A group, namely the water-solid ratio of the A group is 35; the water-solid ratio of the group B is 30. The aerated concrete preparation process of the A group and the B group in this example is identical to that of the above example 1.
Experimental detection results show that the hydrothermal synthesis product of the group A has only xonotlite and has higher crystallinity and the bulk density is only 0.065g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The B group hydrothermal synthesis product comprises tobermorite, tobermorite and silicon dioxide, and has a bulk density of 0.142g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Meanwhile, the aerated concrete prepared by the group A can reach the density B04 level, the compressive strength A5.0, the density of the group B is B05 level, and the compressive strength A3.5. In addition, the freezing resistance, the volume stability and the heat conductivity coefficient performance of the prepared aerated concrete are detected, and the group A is superior to the group B aerated concrete; if the water-solid ratio is too high, the resource waste is obviously caused, and the efficiency and the safety are reduced, so that the water-solid ratio in the hydrothermal synthesis process of the lightweight tobermorite whisker is 35-45.
Example 8:
in the embodiment, the influence of the catalyst on the prepared light xonotlite whisker and the subsequently prepared aerated concrete is examined, and in order to reflect the effect difference of the catalyst in the aerated concrete, two groups of experiments of A group and B group are designed for comparison, wherein the A group adopts the catalyst for preparing the xonotlite in the embodiment 3, namely the A group contains the catalyst; group B was free of catalyst. The aerated concrete preparation process of the A group and the B group in this example is identical to that of the above example 3.
Experimental detection results show that the hydrothermal synthesis product of the group A has only xonotlite and has higher crystallinity and the bulk density is only 0.045g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The B group hydrothermal synthesis product comprises tobermorite, tobermorite and silicon dioxide, and has a bulk density of 0.195g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Meanwhile, the aerated concrete prepared by the group A can reach the density B04 level, the compressive strength A5.0, the density of the group B is B05 level, and the compressive strength A3.5. In addition, the freezing resistance, the volume stability and the heat conductivity coefficient performance of the prepared aerated concrete are detected, and the group A is superior to the group B aerated concrete.
The foregoing examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all designs that are the same or similar to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of lime, 20-35 parts of quartz sand tailings, 10-15 parts of waste aerated concrete, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 0.005 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 0.0012 part of aluminum powder paste, 0.1-0.3 part of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 20-30 parts of aggregate C; the aggregate C is prepared from light xonotlite whisker, cement, quicklime, silica fume, fly ash and water glass through granulation and high-temperature curing, and the bulk density of the light xonotlite whisker is 0.045-0.065 g/cm 3 ；
The aggregate C comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of light xonotlite whisker, 5-10 parts of cement, 4-8 parts of quicklime, 5-10 parts of silica fume, 3-5 parts of fly ash and 3-4 parts of water glass.
2. The lightweight high strength low thermal conductivity aerated concrete of claim 1, wherein: the content of calcium oxide in the lime is more than or equal to 75 percent, and the content of silicon dioxide in the quartz sand tailings is more than or equal to 75 percent.
3. The lightweight high strength low thermal conductivity aerated concrete of claim 1, wherein: the waste aerated concrete is subjected to nanocrystallization treatment, and the median particle size is 350nm.
4. The lightweight high strength low thermal conductivity aerated concrete of claim 1, wherein: the moisture content of the desulfurized gypsum is less than or equal to 10 percent.
5. The lightweight high strength low thermal conductivity aerated concrete of claim 1, wherein: the length of the polyacrylonitrile fiber is 1-3 mm.
6. The lightweight high strength low thermal conductivity aerated concrete of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the aggregate C is 1-3 mm.
7. The lightweight high strength low thermal conductivity aerated concrete of claim 1, wherein: the lightweight xonotlite whisker in the aggregate C is prepared by dynamic hydrothermal synthesis of lime milk, silica micropowder and a catalyst, wherein the lime milk is obtained by digestion of industrial quicklime, the molar ratio of the industrial quicklime to the silica micropowder is 0.9:1, the water-solid ratio is 35-45, and the hydrothermal synthesis temperature is 230-240 ℃.
8. The lightweight high strength low thermal conductivity aerated concrete of claim 7, wherein: the calcium oxide content in the industrial grade quicklime is 70-80%; the silicon micropowder is 800 meshes, and the silicon dioxide content in the silicon micropowder is more than or equal to 90%; the catalyst adopts ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O and the mass of the catalyst is 1 percent of the total mass of the industrial grade quicklime and the silicon micropowder.
9. The method for preparing the lightweight high-strength low-thermal-conductivity aerated concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
1) Preparation of aggregate C
a. Preparing light xonotlite whisker, weighing industrial quick lime and silicon micropowder according to the molar ratio of the industrial quick lime to the silicon micropowder of 0.9:1, adding water in advance to digest the industrial quick lime to prepare lime milk, mixing the lime milk, the silicon micropowder and a catalyst together, pouring the mixture into a dynamic kettle with a stirring device for hydrothermal synthesis reaction, wherein the water-solid ratio of the hydrothermal synthesis reaction is 35-45, and the hydrothermal synthesis temperature is 230-240 ℃;
b. mixing cement, quicklime and fly ash according to a designed proportion, and putting the mixture into a ball mill for treatment to obtain a mixture A, wherein the screen residue of the mixture A passing through 800 meshes is less than or equal to 10%;
c. stirring and mixing the prepared light xonotlite whisker, the mixture A, the micro silicon powder and the water glass, granulating the mixture by a granulator to form a semi-finished aggregate B, and curing the semi-finished aggregate B at 80 ℃ under the curing conditions of RH not less than 95% and 24 hours to obtain a finished aggregate C;
2) Nanocrystallization of waste aerated concrete
Crushing the waste aerated concrete by a crusher, adding water, and pouring the crushed waste aerated concrete into a ball mill for wet grinding treatment to obtain nanocrystallized waste aerated concrete;
3) Weighing cement, lime, quartz sand tailings, waste aerated concrete, desulfurized gypsum, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, aluminum powder paste, polyacrylonitrile fibers and aggregate C according to a designed proportion, adding water, and uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 800-1380 rpm to obtain mixed slurry D;
4) Pouring the mixed slurry D into a mould, pre-curing for 4 hours at 45-57 ℃, demoulding and cutting to obtain a blank body with fixed specification, placing the blank body into a steam curing kettle for steam curing, wherein the steam curing time is 7.5-10 hours, the temperature is 180-190 ℃, the pressure is 1-1.3 MPa, and removing the aerated block after the steam curing is completed from the steam curing kettle to obtain the lightweight high-strength low-heat-conductivity aerated concrete.
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