CN109061323A - A kind of near field antenna measurements method using spherical surface amplitude scan - Google Patents
A kind of near field antenna measurements method using spherical surface amplitude scan Download PDFInfo
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- CN109061323A CN109061323A CN201810813317.5A CN201810813317A CN109061323A CN 109061323 A CN109061323 A CN 109061323A CN 201810813317 A CN201810813317 A CN 201810813317A CN 109061323 A CN109061323 A CN 109061323A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
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Abstract
The invention belongs to Microwave Measurement Technique fields, a kind of near field antenna measurements method using spherical surface amplitude scan is specifically provided, this method is a kind of spherical surface near field without Method for Phase Difference Measurement, the electric field amplitude information of two spherical surfaces of antenna to be measured is surrounded in measurement, electro magnetic dipole is distributed on the primary radiation face of antenna, establish the excitation of dipole and the equation of spherical surface field distribution relationship, pass through the iterative calculation between two spherical surfaces, to obtain the dipole equivalent model with radiation characteristic identical as antenna to be measured, based on this model, the nearly far-field distribution of antenna to be measured in space can be calculated, and the precision with higher in the different spherical radius apart from antenna.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Microwave Measurement Technique fields, specifically provide a kind of near field antenna measurements using spherical surface amplitude scan
Method.
The prior art
Antenna is converted as energy, and directed radiation or the important equipment for receiving energy, antenna measurement is Antenna Design process
In important step；In antenna measurement field, two methods of near-field test, far field test are mainly used, compares far field test, closely
Field measurement mainly measures within the scope of the near region of antenna, not by far field test distant effect and external environment influenced, day
Line Near-far fields transfer, day radiodiagnosis x, electromagnetic interference prediction and the calculating of near field shield effectiveness have important meaning.Amplitude is swept
Data processing is retouched, conventional method uses integral equation method, is iterated calculating to integral equation, however this method can only guarantee
Measuring surface precision with higher, when inspection surface is far from inspection surface, precision can accordingly decline, it cannot be guaranteed that apart from antenna difference
The electric field data in the space of spherical radius is reliably, cannot to obtain reliable directional diagram.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of near field antenna measurements methods using spherical surface amplitude scan, and this method is one
Kind spherical surface near field is without Method for Phase Difference Measurement, and only the electric field amplitude information of two spherical surfaces of antenna to be measured is surrounded in measurement, by electro magnetic idol
Extremely son is distributed on the primary radiation face of antenna, establishes the excitation of dipole and the equation of spherical surface field distribution relationship, then pass through two
The iterative calculation of a spherical surface to obtain the dipole equivalent model with radiation characteristic identical as antenna to be measured, and then calculates
Obtain the field distribution and far-field pattern characteristic in space.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of near field antenna measurements method using spherical surface amplitude scan, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: collecting and recording two measurement spherical surface electric field amplitude signals of antenna to be measured, wherein 1 electric field amplitude of spherical surface letter
Number are as follows:WithThe electric field amplitude signal of spherical surface 2 are as follows:With
Step 2: equivalent model being constructed using dipole, the dipole in equivalent model is uniformly distributed the radiators such as antenna
On radiation port face, X-direction includes [(Lx/ 0.2 λ)+1] a location point, Y-direction includes [(Ly/ 0.2 λ)+1] a location point, each
Location point place 4 doublet units, respectively the electric dipole of X-direction, the magnetic dipole of X-direction, Y-direction electric dipole
With the magnetic dipole of Y-direction；Wherein, Lx、LyThe respectively size of aerial radiation mouth face X and Y-direction, λ are the operating wave of antenna
It is long；
Step 3: setting the initial phase of 1 measured value of spherical surface as 0, then the field distribution of spherical surface 1 is
Step 4: the radiated electric field of each dipole being used into Spherical wave expansion under local coordinate system, local coordinate will be located at
Spherical wave mode conversion be global coordinate system under Spherical wave expansion, obtain transformation matrix
Step 5: the field distribution by spherical surface 1 isSubstitute into formulaCalculate to obtain dipole excitationBy dipole
Son excitationSubstitute into formulaCalculate spherical surface 2 field distribution Wherein, k, η are certainly respectively
By the wave number and admittance in space,For the spherical function matrix of spherical surface 1,For the spherical function matrix of spherical surface 2；
Step 6: usingWithIt replaces electric field amplitude in 2 field distribution of spherical surface and keeps phase invariant, obtain:
Step 7: willSubstitute into formulaDipole excitation is calculated to obtain againAgain willSubstitute into formulaCalculate spherical surface 1 field distribution
Step 8: usingWithIt replaces electric field amplitude in 1 field distribution of spherical surface and keeps phase invariant, obtain:
Step 9: with RMS (root-mean-square error) judge two spherical surfaces whether and meanwhile meet the error requirements of setting, if discontented
Foot, then return step 5, if meet, if export dipole excitation
Further, two measurement spherical radius spacing are 5~8 operation wavelengths.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention provides a kind of near field antenna measurements method using spherical surface amplitude scan, and the two of antenna to be measured are surrounded in measurement
The electric field amplitude information of a spherical surface, electro magnetic dipole is distributed on the primary radiation face of antenna, establishes excitation and the ball of dipole
The equation of face field distribution relationship, by the iterative calculation between two spherical surfaces, to obtain that there is radiation identical as antenna to be measured
The dipole equivalent model of characteristic can accurately calculate the nearly far-field distribution of antenna to be measured in space, and apart from antenna
Different spherical radius on precision with higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of present invention building dipole equivalent model structure.
Fig. 2 is the scale diagrams in aerial radiation mouth face in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is dipole distributed architecture in embodiment.
Fig. 4 is that antenna spherical surface near field measurement connects block diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 5 is antenna spherical surface near field amplitude measurement schematic diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 6 is electric field amplitude distribution map at antenna to be measured in embodiment and equivalent model 3m.
Fig. 7 is electric field phase distribution map at antenna to be measured in embodiment and equivalent model 3m.
Fig. 8 is the relative error magnitudes of antenna and each spherical radius of equivalent model to be measured in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to example, attached drawing, the invention will be further described:
The present invention provides a kind of near field antenna measurements method using spherical surface amplitude scan, and process signal is as shown in Figure 1；
In the present invention, measuring device is as shown in Figure 4；Antenna to be measured is placed on turntable, is connect, is mentioned with signal source by test cable
For pumping signal, antenna to be measured is to space radiation field；Near-field measurement probe is mounted on spherical scanning frame, test is passed through
Cable is connect with antenna range signal acquisition device, and probe moves on near-field scan spherical surface, and sampled point is that ball surface space is equal
The several points of even distribution collect and record the spherical surface electric field amplitude signal that two spacing are 5~8 operation wavelengths, 1 electricity of spherical surface
Field amplitude signal are as follows:WithThe electric field amplitude signal of spherical surface 2 are as follows:WithAt follow-up data
Reason；Wherein, θ indicates that pitching angular direction, φ indicate direction angular direction； N is sampling number；
In the present embodiment, antenna to be measured is unit microstrip antenna or array antenna of the main radiation direction towards Z-direction；Between sampling
Being interposed between the direction θ and φ all is 5 °.
Dipole equivalent model construction algorithm with radiation characteristic identical as antenna to be measured is as follows:
Step 1: as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the dipole in equivalent model is uniformly distributed the radiation port face of the radiators such as antenna
On, X-direction includes [(Lx/ 0.2 λ)+1] a location point, Y-direction includes [(Ly/ 0.2 λ)+1] a location point, each location point puts
Set 4 doublet units, the respectively electric dipole of X-direction, the magnetic dipole of X-direction, the electric dipole of Y-direction and Y-direction
Magnetic dipole；Wherein, Lx、LyThe respectively size of aerial radiation mouth face X and Y-direction, λ are the operation wavelength of antenna, [] table
The downward rounding operation of registration value；
Step 2: setting the initial phase of 1 measured value of spherical surface as 0, then the field distribution of spherical surface 1 is
Step 3: the radiated electric field of each dipole being used into Spherical wave expansion under local coordinate system, local coordinate will be located at
Spherical wave mode conversion be global coordinate system under Spherical wave expansion, obtain transformation matrix
Step 4: the field distribution by spherical surface 1 isSubstitute into formulaCalculate to obtain dipole excitationBy dipole
Son excitationSubstitute into formulaCalculate spherical surface 2 field distribution Wherein, k, η are certainly respectively
By the wave number and admittance in space,For the spherical function matrix of spherical surface 1,For the spherical function matrix of spherical surface 2；
Step 5: usingWithIt replaces electric field amplitude in 2 field distribution of spherical surface and keeps phase invariant, obtain:
Step 6: willSubstitute into formulaDipole excitation is calculated to obtain againAgain willSubstitute into formulaCalculate spherical surface 1 field distribution
Step 7: usingWithIt replaces electric field amplitude in 1 field distribution of spherical surface and keeps phase invariant, obtain:
Step 8: with RMS (root-mean-square error) judge two spherical surfaces whether and meanwhile meet the error requirements of setting, if discontented
Foot, then return step 4, if meet, if export dipole excitation
RMS is expressed as follows:
I=1 or 2
It is illustrated in figure 5 antenna spherical surface near field amplitude measurement schematic diagram, micro-strip paster antenna work 2.45GHz to be measured,
Using FEKO Software simulation calculation；Wherein aerial ground center to be measured is located at coordinate (0,0,0), and near-field scan probe is surrounding day
The radius of line be 1m and 1.615m spherical surface on, the sampling interval is all 5 ° in the direction θ and φ, solution obtain radius be 1m and
1.615m, 5 ° of the sampling interval of two spherical surface electric field amplitude Near-field Datas, using the method that this patent is proposed to Near-field Data
Processing solves the excitation of equivalent model dipole, to establish the dipole equivalent model with the identical radiation characteristic of antenna.
The dipole equivalent model established by the near field amplitude information of two spherical surfaces, thus the direction of an electric field figure being calculated
With directly by emulating the direction of an electric field figure comparison of antenna to be measured it is as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, wherein Fig. 6 be antenna to be measured with it is equivalent
Electric field amplitude distribution map at model 3m, Fig. 7 are electric field phase distribution map at antenna to be measured and equivalent model 3m；Antenna to be measured with etc.
The relative error magnitudes for imitating each spherical radius of model are as shown in Figure 8；As seen from the figure, on the spherical surface of different radii, the dipole etc.
Effect model possesses higher precision, can effectively calculate field distribution of the antenna to be measured on different spherical surfaces.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, any feature disclosed in this specification, except non-specifically
Narration, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purpose；Disclosed all features or all sides
Method or in the process the step of, other than mutually exclusive feature and/or step, can be combined in any way.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of near field antenna measurements method using spherical surface amplitude scan, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: collecting and recording two measurement spherical surface electric field amplitude signals of antenna to be measured, wherein 1 electric field amplitude signal of spherical surface
Are as follows:WithThe electric field amplitude signal of spherical surface 2 are as follows:With
Step 2: equivalent model being constructed using dipole, the dipole in equivalent model is uniformly distributed the radiation of the radiators such as antenna
On mouth face, X-direction includes [(Lx/ 0.2 λ)+1] a location point, Y-direction includes [(Ly/ 0.2 λ)+1] a location point, each position
Point place 4 doublet units, respectively the electric dipole of X-direction, the magnetic dipole of X-direction, Y-direction electric dipole and Y
The magnetic dipole in direction；Wherein, Lx、LyThe respectively size of aerial radiation mouth face X and Y-direction, λ are the operation wavelength of antenna；
Step 3: setting the initial phase of 1 measured value of spherical surface as 0, then the field distribution of spherical surface 1 is
Step 4: the radiated electric field of each dipole being used into Spherical wave expansion under local coordinate system, the ball of local coordinate will be located at
Surface wave mode conversion is the Spherical wave expansion under global coordinate system, obtains transformation matrix
Step 5: the field distribution by spherical surface 1 isSubstitute into formulaCalculate to obtain dipole excitationDipole is swashed
It encouragesSubstitute into formulaCalculate spherical surface 2 field distribution Wherein, k, η are free sky respectively
Between in wave number and admittance,For the spherical function matrix of spherical surface 1,For the spherical function matrix of spherical surface 2；
Step 6: usingWithIt replaces electric field amplitude in 2 field distribution of spherical surface and keeps phase invariant, obtain:
Step 7: willSubstitute into formulaDipole excitation is calculated to obtain againAgain willSubstitute into formula
Calculate spherical surface 1 field distribution
Step 8: usingWithIt replaces electric field amplitude in 1 field distribution of spherical surface and keeps phase invariant, obtain:
Step 9: with RMS (root-mean-square error) judge two spherical surfaces whether and meanwhile meet the error requirements of setting, if be unsatisfactory for, if
Return step 5, if meet, if export dipole excitation
2. by the near field antenna measurements method for using spherical surface amplitude scan described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1
In, two measurement spherical radius spacing are 5~8 operation wavelengths.
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| CN110456170A (en) * | 2019-07-13 | 2019-11-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Based on the scanning beam antenna of evolution iterative Fourier transform algorithm without phase measuring method |
| CN110470914A (en) * | 2019-07-13 | 2019-11-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | It is a kind of based on iterative Fourier transform algorithm without phase near field antenna measurements method |
| CN110988499A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉大学 | Antenna radiation characteristic obtaining method based on phase-free near field measurement |
| CN112100789A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-18 | 北京邮电大学 | Spherical near-field sampling point phase restoration method and system based on mode expansion |
| CN112526225A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-19 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Conformal antenna full-period testing method |
| CN113609705A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-05 | 上海交通大学 | Method and equipment for rapidly detecting parasitic electromagnetic radiation of electronic system in shielding box |
| CN113671269A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-11-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Spherical near-far field method based on scattering matrix principle |
| CN113868888A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2021-12-31 | 电子科技大学 | Method for analytically solving axial ratio of multi-section bent dipole array |
| CN116840576A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-10-03 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | In-situ evaluation method for uncertainty of radio frequency system in spherical near-field measurement |
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Cited By (13)
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| CN112100789A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-18 | 北京邮电大学 | Spherical near-field sampling point phase restoration method and system based on mode expansion |
| CN110456170A (en) * | 2019-07-13 | 2019-11-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Based on the scanning beam antenna of evolution iterative Fourier transform algorithm without phase measuring method |
| CN110470914A (en) * | 2019-07-13 | 2019-11-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | It is a kind of based on iterative Fourier transform algorithm without phase near field antenna measurements method |
| CN110988499A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉大学 | Antenna radiation characteristic obtaining method based on phase-free near field measurement |
| CN110988499B (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-11-03 | 武汉大学 | Antenna radiation characteristic obtaining method based on phase-free near field measurement |
| CN112526225B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-11-11 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Conformal antenna full-period testing method |
| CN112526225A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-19 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Conformal antenna full-period testing method |
| CN113671269A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-11-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Spherical near-far field method based on scattering matrix principle |
| CN113609705A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-05 | 上海交通大学 | Method and equipment for rapidly detecting parasitic electromagnetic radiation of electronic system in shielding box |
| CN113609705B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2024-05-03 | 上海交通大学 | Method and equipment for rapidly detecting parasitic electromagnetic radiation of electronic system in shielding box |
| CN113868888A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2021-12-31 | 电子科技大学 | Method for analytically solving axial ratio of multi-section bent dipole array |
| CN113868888B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2024-05-07 | 电子科技大学 | Method for resolving and solving axial ratio of multi-section bent dipole array |
| CN116840576A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-10-03 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | In-situ evaluation method for uncertainty of radio frequency system in spherical near-field measurement |
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