CN109050516A - 车辆的控制装置 - Google Patents
车辆的控制装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109050516A CN109050516A CN201810455356.2A CN201810455356A CN109050516A CN 109050516 A CN109050516 A CN 109050516A CN 201810455356 A CN201810455356 A CN 201810455356A CN 109050516 A CN109050516 A CN 109050516A
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- Prior art keywords
- gear
- vehicle
- speed
- engaging
- combustion engine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/50—Control strategies for responding to system failures, e.g. for fault diagnosis, failsafe operation or limp mode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
- B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
- B60W10/113—Stepped gearings with two input flow paths, e.g. double clutch transmission selection of one of the torque flow paths by the corresponding input clutch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W50/08—Interaction between the driver and the control system
- B60W50/14—Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/006—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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- F16H2061/1256—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected
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Abstract
本发明提供一种车辆的控制装置,即便变速用齿轮产生卡合解除不良也进行能行驶那样的控制。车辆的控制装置(10)具备车辆(1)及ECU(11),所述车辆(1)具有发动机(2)及主电机(3)以及变速器(4),所述变速器(4)具备第一、第二输入轴(IMS、SS),分别经由第一、第二离合器(C1、C2)连接于发动机(2)、向驱动轮(WR、WL)输出动力的输出轴(CS)、分别包含选择性地连结于第一、第二输入轴(IMS、SS)的多个变速用齿轮的第一、第二变速机构(G1、G2),且ECU(11)在主电机(3)驱动时且发动机(2)停止时,在产生了变速机构(G1、G2)中的一者的变速用齿轮的卡合不脱开的卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用另一变速机构的变速用齿轮利用发动机(2)的动力使车辆(1)行驶。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车辆的控制装置,此车辆的控制装置具备附带至少两个变速机构的变速器。
背景技术
除了内燃机(发动机(engine))以外具备电动机(电机(motor))作为动力源的混合动力(hybrid)型车辆已为人所知。作为此种混合动力型车辆中所用的变速器,有双离合器(twin clutch)式变速器,此双离合器式变速器具备能使由奇数档(1速档、3速档、5速档等)的变速档构成的第一变速机构的第一输入轴与内燃机离合的奇数档离合器、及能使由偶数档(2速档、4速档、6速档等)的变速档构成的第二变速机构的第二输入轴与所述内燃机离合的偶数档离合器,通过使这些两个离合机构交替地接合而进行变速。另外,此种双离合器式变速器中,有将电动机的旋转轴连结于第一变速机构的第一输入轴的构成的变速器(例如参照专利文献1)。
此外,关于此种混合动力车辆,也可想到以下情况:在未预料到的事态下,第一变速机构或第二变速机构中的一个变速机构的脱开齿轮(off gear)失效。此时,即便在另一变速机构的脱开齿轮正常工作的情况下,若无法进行用于使用另一变速机构的适当控制,则控制装置不得不判断为无法行驶。因此,以前在其中一个变速机构的脱开齿轮失效的情况下,车辆无法行驶。
[现有技术文献]
[专利文献]
[专利文献1]日本专利特开2016-013732号公报
发明内容
[发明所要解决的问题]
本发明是鉴于所述方面而成,其目的在于提供一种车辆的控制装置,此车辆的控制装置进行仅利用两个变速机构中的一个变速机构也能行驶那样的控制。
[解决问题的技术手段]
为了解决所述问题,本发明的车辆的控制装置10的特征在于具备:车辆1,具有作为动力源的内燃机(发动机2)及电动机(主电机3)、以及变速器4,此变速器4具备连接于电动机3并且经由第一动力传递元件(第一离合器C1)选择性地连接于内燃机2的第一输入轴IMS、经由第二动力传递元件(第二离合器C2)选择性地连接于内燃机2的第二输入轴SS、向驱动轮WL、WR输出动力的输出轴CS、包含选择性地连结于第一输入轴IMS的多个变速用齿轮(行星齿轮机构50、3速驱动齿轮73、5速驱动齿轮75、7速驱动齿轮77)的第一变速机构G1、及包含选择性地连结于第二输入轴SS的其他多个变速用齿轮(2速驱动齿轮72、4速驱动齿轮74、6速驱动齿轮76)的第二变速机构G2;以及控制部(ECU 11),执行第一变速机构G1及第二变速机构G2的变速用齿轮50、72、73、74、75、76、77的选择、第一动力传递元件C1及第二动力传递元件C2的操作、以及内燃机2及电动机3的运转控制;并且控制部11在电动机3驱动时且内燃机2停止时,在产生了第一变速机构G1的变速用齿轮的卡合不脱开的卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用第二变速机构G2的变速用齿轮利用内燃机2的动力使车辆1行驶,且在产生了第二变速机构G2的变速用齿轮的卡合不脱开的卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用第一变速机构G1的变速用齿轮利用内燃机2的动力使车辆1行驶。
如此,在电动机驱动时且内燃机停止时,即便在第一变速机构或第二变速机构中的一者的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,控制部也决定使用第一变速机构或第二变速机构中另一者的变速用齿轮且使用内燃机的动力使车辆行驶,由此能避免车辆无法行驶。由此,即便在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,车辆也能行驶。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:控制部11在第一变速机构G1的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用第二变速机构G2的最低档的变速用齿轮使车辆1行驶,且在第二变速机构G2的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用第一变速机构G1的最低档的变速用齿轮使车辆1行驶。如此,在使用未产生卡合解除不良的一个变速机构的变速齿轮使车辆行驶时,使用最低档的变速用齿轮,由此能可靠地行驶。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:车辆1还具备检测车速的车速检测部34,控制部11在产生了卡合解除不良时车速检测部34的值为规定速度(VL)以上的情况下,在车辆1的行驶中使内燃机2启动。如此,在车速为规定速度以上的情况下在车辆的行驶中使内燃机启动,由此即便在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,也能使车辆不停止而继续行驶。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:控制部11在产生了卡合解除不良时车速检测部34的值为较规定速度(VL)大的规定高速度(VH)以上的情况下,在车速检测部34的值变得低于规定高速度(VH)之前,将第一动力传递元件C1及第二动力传递元件C2设定为中立状态。如此,在车辆高速行驶的情况下,在达到适于使用规定的变速用齿轮的速度之前阻断动力传递元件,不传递内燃机的动力,由此能抑制急剧的减速而顺利地行驶。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:控制部11在产生了卡合解除不良时判断出用于启动内燃机2的变速档为规定变速档以上的情况下,在车辆1的行驶中使内燃机2启动。如此,在产生了卡合解除不良时在用于启动内燃机的变速档为规定变速档以上的情况下,在车辆的行驶中使内燃机启动,由此即便在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下也能继续行驶。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:控制部11在车辆1的行驶中使内燃机2启动的情况下,利用输出轴CS的旋转动力使内燃机2启动。如此,在车辆1的行驶中使内燃机2启动,由此即便在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,也能通过有效利用行驶中的输出轴CS的旋转动力,使车辆不停止而继续行驶。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:车辆1还包括显示车辆1的状况的显示部38,控制部11在产生了卡合解除不良时在车辆1的行驶中使内燃机2启动的情况下,在显示部38中显示产生了故障。如此,在产生了卡合解除不良时在显示部中显示产生了故障,由此能对车辆的驾驶员告知车辆1有故障。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:车辆1还包括检测车速的车速检测部34,控制部11在产生了卡合解除不良时车速检测部34的值低于规定速度(VL)的情况下,使车辆1停止后使内燃机2启动。如此,在车速低于规定速度的情况下,首先使车辆停止,由此在低速行驶的情况下不会让驾驶员感到由利用低速用的变速用齿轮继续行驶所致的急剧的加减速。另外,在车辆停止后使内燃机启动而设定为能行驶的状况,由此车辆能行驶。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:控制部11在产生了卡合解除不良时判断出用于启动内燃机2的变速档小于规定变速档的情况下,使车辆1停止后使内燃机2启动。如此,另外在产生了卡合解除不良时在用于启动内燃机2的变速档小于规定变速档的情况下,首先使车辆停止,由此不会让驾驶员感到由利用低速用的变速用齿轮继续行驶所致的急剧的加减速。另外,在车辆停止后使内燃机启动而设定为能行驶的状况,由此车辆能行驶。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:车辆1还具备使内燃机2启动的启动用电机17,控制部11在使车辆1停止后使内燃机2启动的情况下,利用启动用电机17的旋转动力使内燃机2启动。如此,使用启动用电机的旋转动力使内燃机可靠地启动,由此能使车辆行驶。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:车辆1还具备用于启动车辆1的启动开关ST,控制部11在使车辆1停止后输入了来自启动开关ST的信号的情况下,使内燃机2启动。如此,通过来自启动开关的信号的输入而决定车辆的启动时机,由此能让驾驶员决定车辆的启动时机。
另外,所述车辆的控制装置10中也可设定为:车辆1还具备显示车辆1的状况的显示部38,控制部11在产生了卡合解除不良时使车辆1停止后使内燃机2启动的情况下,在显示部38中显示停止指示,并在车辆1停止后显示使内燃机2启动的指示。如此,在车辆停止后使内燃机启动的情况下,在显示部中显示车辆的停止指示或车辆的启动指示,由此驾驶员能把握停止时机或使车辆启动的时机。
此外,所述括号内的符号表示后述实施方式的对应构成元件的符号作为本发明的一例。
[发明的效果]
根据本发明的车辆的控制装置,能进行仅利用两个变速机构中的一个变速机构也能行驶那样的控制。
附图说明
图1为表示具备车辆的控制装置的混合动力车辆的构成例的概略图。
图2为图1所示的变速器的框架图。
图3为表示在第一变速机构产生了卡合解除不良的情况下使用第二变速机构使发动机启动时的动力传递路径的框架图。
图4为表示在第一变速机构的卡合解除不良时使用第二变速机构的变速用齿轮利用发动机的动力使车辆行驶的情况下的动力传递路径的框架图。
图5为表示在第二变速机构产生了卡合解除不良的情况下使用第一变速机构使发动机启动时的动力传递路径的框架图。
图6为表示在第二变速机构的卡合解除不良时使用第一变速机构的变速用齿轮利用发动机的动力使车辆行驶的情况下的动力传递路径的框架图。
图7为对与车速相应的控制时机的差异进行说明的流程图。
符号的说明
1:车辆
2:发动机(内燃机)
2a:发动机输出轴
3:主电机(电动机)
3a:转子
4:变速器
5:差速机构
6R:驱动轴(左驱动轴)
6L:驱动轴(右驱动轴)
10:控制装置
11:ECU(控制部)
12:PDU
13:高压电池
14:变压器
15:低压电池
16:辅机
17:启动用电机
31:加速踏板传感器
32:制动踏板传感器
33:换档位置传感器
34:车速传感器(车速检测部)
35:蓄电量传感器
36:同步位置传感器
37:转矩传感器
38:显示部
50:行星齿轮机构
51:恒星齿轮
52:小齿轮
53:齿轮架
55:环形齿轮
72:2速驱动齿轮
73:3速驱动齿轮
74:4速驱动齿轮
75:5速驱动齿轮
76:6速驱动齿轮
77:7速驱动齿轮
78、97:齿轮
81:1速同步啮合机构
82:2-6速同步啮合机构
83:3-7速同步啮合机构
84:4速同步啮合机构
85:5速同步啮合机构
89:倒车同步啮合机构
91:第一输出齿轮
92:第二输出齿轮
93:第三输出齿轮
95:空转齿轮
98:倒车驱动齿轮
AP:加速踏板
C1:第一离合器(第一动力传递元件)
C2:第二离合器(第二动力传递元件)
CS:输出轴
G1:第一变速机构
G2:第二变速机构
GR:倒车变速机构
IDS:空转轴
IMS:第一输入轴
OMS:外侧主轴
RVS:倒车轴
S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S8、S11、S12、S13、S14、S21、S22、S23、S24、S25、S26:步骤
SS:第二输入轴
ST:启动开关
WR:驱动轮(左驱动轮)
WL:驱动轮(右驱动轮)
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。图1为表示具备本实施方式的混合动力车辆的控制装置10的混合动力车辆的构成例的概略图。如图1所示,本实施方式的车辆1为具备作为动力源的发动机2及主电机3的混合动力汽车的车辆。
车辆1还具备用于控制主电机3的动力驱动单元(Power Drive Unit,PDU)12、高压电池13、变速器4、差速(differential)机构5、左驱动轴(driveshaft)6R及右驱动轴6L、以及左驱动轮WR及右驱动轮WL。另外,发动机2包含柴油发动机或涡轮增压发动机(turboengine)等。发动机2和主电机3的旋转驱动力经由变速器4、差速机构5及驱动轴6R、驱动轴6L而传递到左驱动轮WR、右驱动轮WL。
车辆1中,在PDU 12及高压电池13上经由变压器14(直流-直流(Direct Current-Direct Current,DC-DC)转换器)连接着12V的低压电池15。低压电池15的电力被供给于搭载在车辆上的车载音响(Car Audio)或照明类等低压系的辅机16。另外,低压电池15也对用于在紧急时启动发动机2的启动用电机17提供电力。
车辆1具有具备电子控制单元(Electronic Control Unit,ECU)11的控制装置10。ECU 11对发动机2、主电机3、启动用电机17、变速器4、差速机构5及PDU 12等进行控制。
ECU 11不仅能以一个单元的形式构成,而且也可由例如用于控制发动机2的发动机ECU、用于控制主电机3或PDU 12的电动发电机(motor generator)ECU、用于控制高压电池13的电池ECU、及用于控制变速器4的自动变速器电子控制单元(AutomaticTransmission-Electronic Control Unit,AT-ECU)等多个ECU构成。本实施方式的ECU 11根据加速踏板(accelerator pedal)AP的操作,不仅发出向发动机2提供燃料的指令,也发出向主电机3的输出等指令。另外,即便在未进行加速踏板AP的操作的情况下,ECU 11也视需要发出启动发动机2的指令。详细情况将在下文中描述。
发动机2为内燃机,其根据加速踏板AP的操作而执行喷射燃料的指令,通过将燃料与空气混合并进行燃烧而产生用于使车辆1行驶的驱动力。在发动机2与主电机3的协作行驶或仅主电机3的单独行驶时,主电机3利用高压电池13的电能而产生用于使车辆1行驶的驱动力。另外,在车辆1的减速时,通过主电机3的再生而发出电力,使主电机3具有发电机的功能。在主电机3的再生时,利用由主电机3发出的电力(再生能源)将高压电池13充电,在高压电池13与主电机3之间进行电力的交接。
ECU 11中输入有多个控制参数的各种控制信号。控制信号例如有通过按下用于启动车辆1的启动开关ST所发出的启动指令信号、来自检测加速踏板AP的踩踏量的加速踏板传感器31的加速踏板开度、来自检测制动踏板的踩踏量的制动踏板传感器32的制动踏板开度、来自检测齿轮档(变速档)的换档位置传感器33的换档位置、来自检测车速的车速传感器34的车速、来自测定高压电池13的蓄电量(荷电状态(State of Charge,SOC))的蓄电量传感器35的蓄电量、来自同步位置传感器36的各同步啮合机构的位置、配置在旋转轴上且测量动力的转矩传感器37的检测值等。ECU 11根据来自这些传感器的信息进行控制。
控制装置10具有显示ECU 11所获得的信息的显示部38(多功能信息显示器(Multi-Information Display,MID))。显示部38将应传递到驾驶员的信息可视化并显示。由此,在产生了应引起驾驶员注意的事态的情况下,例如通过显示车辆的故障信息、警告、与驾驶有关的指令等而引起驾驶员注意。
然后,对本实施方式的车辆1具备的变速器4的构成进行说明。图2为图1所示的变速器4的框架(skeleton)图。本实施方式的变速器4为前进7速、后退1速的平行轴式变速器(transmission),且为干式的双离合器式变速器(Dual Clutch Transmission,DCT)。
变速器4具有:第一输入轴IMS,经由第一离合器C1选择性地连接于发动机2的发动机输出轴2a;第二输入轴SS,经由第二离合器C2选择性地连接于发动机2的发动机输出轴2a;以及输出轴CS,经由变速齿轮机构而连接于第一输入轴IMS及第二输入轴SS。
在第一输入轴IMS上配置有奇数档(1速、3速、5速、7速)用的齿轮,在第二输入轴SS上配置有偶数档(2速、4速、6速)用的齿轮。输出轴CS连接于差速机构5,对驱动轮WR、驱动轮WL产生与所选择的变速档对应的旋转输出的驱动力。
另外,在第一输入轴IMS的其中一端侧配置有行星齿轮机构50。在第一输入轴IMS上连接着主电机3的转子3a,主电机3的转子3a是以围绕在行星齿轮机构50的周围的方式构成。通过此种构成,变速器4将发动机2及主电机3作为车辆1的动力源,作为混合动力车辆的变速器发挥功能。
在第二离合器C2的输出侧连接着外侧主轴OMS,此外侧主轴OMS是以形成第一输入轴IMS的外筒的方式与第一输入轴IMS配置成同心状。外侧主轴OMS经由空转轴(idleshaft)IDS而与倒车轴(reverse shaft)RVS及第二输入轴SS一直卡合,将第二离合器C2的旋转输出传递到倒车轴RVS及第二输入轴SS。各轴互相平行。
对用于实现奇数档的变速档的第一变速机构G1进行说明。在第一输入轴IMS上,将3速驱动齿轮73、7速驱动齿轮77、5速驱动齿轮75分别以能相对旋转的方式配置成同心状。在3速驱动齿轮73与7速驱动齿轮77之间以在轴向上能滑动的方式设有3-7速同步啮合机构83,且与5速驱动齿轮75对应地以在轴向上能滑动的方式设有5速同步啮合机构85。
通过这种构成,当选择所需的奇数变速档用齿轮(作为1速驱动齿轮的行星齿轮机构50、3速驱动齿轮73、5速驱动齿轮75、7速驱动齿轮77)中的任一个时,使配置在第一输入轴IMS上的一个或多个第一同步卡合部(1速同步啮合机构81、3-7速同步啮合机构83、5速同步啮合机构85)移动。由此将所选择的所需的变速档连结于第一输入轴IMS。
第一变速机构G1的各驱动齿轮与设置在输出轴CS上的输出齿轮中的对应齿轮啮合。具体而言,3速驱动齿轮73与第一输出齿轮91啮合,7速驱动齿轮77与第二输出齿轮92啮合,5速驱动齿轮75与第三输出齿轮93啮合。通过如此这样啮合而将输出轴CS旋转驱动。
对用于实现偶数档的变速档的第二变速机构G2进行说明。在第二输入轴SS上,将2速驱动齿轮72、6速驱动齿轮76、4速驱动齿轮74分别以能相对旋转的方式配置成同心状。在2速驱动齿轮72与6速驱动齿轮76之间以在轴向上能滑动的方式设有2-6速同步啮合机构82,且与4速驱动齿轮74对应地以能在轴向上滑动的方式设有4速同步啮合机构84。
通过这种构成,当选择所需的偶数变速档用齿轮(2速驱动齿轮72、4速驱动齿轮74、6速驱动齿轮76)中的任一个时,使配置在第二输入轴SS上的一个或多个第二同步卡合部(2-6速同步啮合机构82、4速同步啮合机构84)移动。由此将所选择的变速档连结于第二输入轴SS。
第二变速机构G2的各驱动齿轮与设置在输出轴CS上的输出齿轮中的对应齿轮啮合。具体而言,2速驱动齿轮72与第一输出齿轮91啮合,6速驱动齿轮76与第二输出齿轮92啮合,4速驱动齿轮74与第三输出齿轮93啮合。通过如此这样啮合而将输出轴CS旋转驱动。
在第一输入轴IMS的靠近主电机3的一端配置着行星齿轮机构50。行星齿轮机构50具备恒星齿轮(sun gear)51、小齿轮(pinion gear)52及环形齿轮(ring gear)55,恒星齿轮51被固定在第一输入轴IMS上,与第一输入轴IMS及主电机3一体旋转。环形齿轮55被固定在变速器4的箱体(case)上,以从小齿轮52的齿轮架(carrier)53产生变速输出的方式构成。
在行星齿轮机构50的齿轮架53与第一输入轴IMS上的3速驱动齿轮73之间,设有1速同步啮合机构81。此1速同步啮合机构81对应于1速齿轮档的选择而接通(ON),由此将齿轮架53与第一输入轴IMS上的3速驱动齿轮73连接。于是,齿轮架53的旋转驱动力经由3速驱动齿轮73及第一输出齿轮91而将输出轴CS旋转驱动。
对用于实现倒档的倒车变速机构GR进行说明。在倒车轴RVS上固定着与空转轴IDS的空转齿轮95卡合的齿轮97。进而,在倒车轴RVS的外周,设有用于使倒车轴RVS与第一输入轴IMS选择性地结合的倒车齿轮档。倒车齿轮档是由以能相对地旋转的方式与倒车轴RVS同心地设置的倒车驱动齿轮98、及用于使倒车驱动齿轮98与倒车轴RVS选择性地结合的倒车同步啮合机构89所构成。倒车驱动齿轮98与固定在第一输入轴IMS上的齿轮78啮合。
倒车同步啮合机构89在倒车轴RVS的轴向上能滑动。当前进行驶时,倒车同步啮合机构89不将倒车轴RVS与倒车驱动齿轮98卡合。另一方面,当后退行驶时,倒车同步啮合机构89将倒车轴RVS与倒车驱动齿轮98卡合。
接着,对本实施方式的车辆1所具有的发动机2的启动方法进行说明。本实施方式中,作为发动机2的启动方法,除了将主电机3的动力传递到发动机输出轴2a而使发动机2驱动的通常启动模式以外,还有以下两个启动模式。具体而言有第一启动模式和第二启动模式,所述第一启动模式将行驶中的输出轴CS的动力传递到发动机输出轴2a而使发动机2驱动,所述第二启动模式通过在车辆1的停止时按下启动开关ST而使用启动用电机17的动力使发动机2驱动。
所述那样的构成的车辆1中,在不使用发动机2而仅利用主电机3行驶(电动汽车(Electric Vehicle,EV)行驶)时,可能会产生第一变速机构G1或第二变速机构G2中的一者的变速用齿轮的卡合不脱开的故障(卡合解除不良)。在产生了此种卡合解除不良的情况下,本实施方式的ECU 11将第一变速机构G1或第二变速机构G2中另一者的变速用齿轮中未产生卡合解除不良的变速用齿轮卡合,设定为能行驶的状况。另外,ECU 11决定:为了使车辆1行驶而使用所述第一启动模式或第二启动模式使发动机2启动,利用发动机2的动力使车辆1行驶。以下进行详细说明。
使用图3及图4,对在第一变速机构G1产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,使用第二变速机构G2的变速用齿轮继续行驶的情况进行说明。图3为表示在第一变速机构G1产生了卡合解除不良的情况下使用第二变速机构G2使发动机2启动时的动力传递路径的框架图。图3中例示以下情况进行说明:在第一变速机构G1中3速驱动齿轮73产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,使用第二变速机构G2中的4速驱动齿轮74使发动机2启动。
在车辆1利用3速驱动齿轮73的EV行驶中,在如图3所示那样产生了3-7速同步啮合机构83无法从3速驱动齿轮73侧移动到中立状态的卡合解除不良的情况下,ECU 11检测卡合解除不良(脱开齿轮不良)。卡合解除不良的检测能通过获得同步位置传感器36的信息等而进行,但不限于此。
然后,在第二变速机构G2侧的4速同步啮合机构84预移位(preshift)到4速驱动齿轮74侧的情况等,通过经由4速驱动齿轮74将输出轴CS的动力传递到发动机2而ECU 11判断出能启动发动机2的情况下,ECU 11进行使用第二变速机构G2的变速用齿轮的第一启动模式。本实施方式的情况下,在使4速同步啮合机构84移动到4速驱动齿轮74侧的状态下,紧扣第二离合器C2。由此将输出轴CS的动力传递到发动机2,发动机2启动。
此外,在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,解除第一离合器C1。因此,产生了卡合解除不良的第一变速机构G1侧的驱动轴即第一输入轴IMS的动力并未传递到发动机输出轴2a。因此,第一输入轴IMS附带的主电机3的动力并未传递到发动机输出轴2a。
然后,对第一变速机构G1的卡合解除不良的情况下利用发动机2的动力使车辆1行驶的状态进行说明。图4为表示在第一变速机构G1的卡合解除不良时使用第二变速机构G2的变速用齿轮利用发动机2的动力使车辆行驶的情况的动力传递路径的框架图。在第一变速机构G1的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,ECU 11使用第二变速机构G2的最低档的变速用齿轮使车辆1行驶。本实施方式中,使用第二变速机构G2的最低档即2速驱动齿轮72使车辆1行驶。
发动机2启动后,暂且解除第二离合器C2,使2-6速同步啮合机构82移动到2速驱动齿轮72侧,且使4速同步啮合机构84从4速驱动齿轮74侧移动到中立状态。于是,2速驱动齿轮72为扣合齿轮(in gear),4速驱动齿轮74为脱开齿轮(off gear)。
然后,若紧扣第二离合器C2,则发动机2的动力如图4所示那样,从外侧主轴OMS经由空转轴IDS传递到第二输入轴SS。然后,动力经由2-6速同步啮合机构82传递到2速驱动齿轮72,进而传递到与2速驱动齿轮72啮合的第一输出齿轮91,由此传递到输出轴CS。经传递到输出轴CS的动力经由差速机构5而传递到驱动轮WR、驱动轮WL,车辆1行驶。此外,当紧扣第二离合器C2时,为了避免急剧加减速而优选缓慢紧扣。
使用图5及图6,对在第二变速机构G2产生了卡合解除不良的情况下使用第一变速机构G1的变速用齿轮继续行驶的情况进行说明。图5为表示在第二变速机构G2产生了卡合解除不良的情况下使用第一变速机构G1使发动机2启动时的动力传递路径的框架图。图5中例示以下情况进行说明:在第二变速机构G2中的4速驱动齿轮74产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,使用第一变速机构G1中的3速驱动齿轮73使发动机2启动。
在车辆1利用4速驱动齿轮74的EV行驶中,在如图5所示那样产生了4速同步啮合机构84无法从4速驱动齿轮74侧移动到中立状态的卡合解除不良的情况下,ECU 11检测卡合解除不良。
然后,在通过经由第一变速机构G1侧的3速驱动齿轮73将输出轴CS的动力传递到发动机2而ECU 11判断出能启动发动机2的情况下,ECU 11进行使用第一变速机构G1的变速用齿轮的第一启动模式。本实施方式的情况下,在使3-7速同步啮合机构83移动到3速驱动齿轮73侧的状态下,紧扣第一离合器C1。由此将输出轴CS的动力传递到发动机2,发动机2启动。
此外,在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,解除第二离合器C2。因此,产生了卡合解除不良的第二变速机构G2侧的驱动轴即外侧主轴OMS的动力并未传递到发动机输出轴2a。另一方面,通过第一离合器C1的紧扣,第一输入轴IMS附带的主电机3的动力能传递到发动机输出轴2a。因此,在发动机2启动时,不仅有输出轴CS的动力,也能增加主电机3的动力。
然后,对在第二变速机构G2的卡合解除不良的情况下利用发动机2的动力使车辆1行驶的状态进行说明。图6为表示在第二变速机构G2的卡合解除不良时使用第一变速机构G1的变速用齿轮利用发动机2的动力使车辆行驶的情况的动力传递路径的框架图。在第二变速机构G2的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,ECU 11使用第一变速机构G1的最低档的变速用齿轮使车辆1行驶。本实施方式中,使用第一变速机构G1的最低档即3速驱动齿轮73使车辆1行驶。
发动机2启动后,暂且解除第一离合器C1,使1速同步啮合机构81移动到行星齿轮机构50侧,且使3-7速同步啮合机构83从3速驱动齿轮73侧移动到中立状态。于是,行星齿轮机构50为扣合齿轮,3速驱动齿轮73为脱开齿轮。
然后,若紧扣第一离合器C1,则发动机2的动力如图6所示那样,从第一输入轴IMS传递到行星齿轮机构50。进而,动力经由1速同步啮合机构81传递到第一输出齿轮91,由此传递到输出轴CS。经传递到输出轴CS的动力经由差速机构5而传递到驱动轮WR、驱动轮WL,车辆1行驶。此外,当紧扣第一离合器C1时,为了避免急剧加减速而优选缓慢紧扣。
如上文所述那样,ECU 11在其中一个变速机构产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,利用另一变速机构的最低档的变速用齿轮使车辆1行驶。此情况下,ECU 11为了适当进行所述控制,根据车辆1的车速而使进行所述控制的时机不同。接下来进行详细说明。图7为对与车速相应的控制时机的差异进行说明的流程图。
本实施方式中,将产生了卡合解除不良时决定是否保持车辆1继续行驶的状态使发动机2启动的阈值设定为规定速度VL。另外,将产生了卡合解除不良时决定是否立即使发动机2启动的阈值设定为规定高速度VH。规定高速度VH高于规定速度VL。
在EV行驶中第一变速机构G1或第二变速机构G2中的一个变速机构产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,如图7所示,首先ECU 11确认车速传感器34的值(步骤S1)。
首先,对产生了卡合解除不良时车速为规定高速度VH以上的情况进行说明。在车速传感器34的值为规定高速度VH以上的情况下(步骤S2),ECU 11在显示部38中显示产生了故障(步骤S3)。由此,驾驶员能获知车辆产生了卡合解除不良等故障。
然后,ECU 11一面继续行驶一面以利用输出轴CS的动力使发动机2启动的第一启动模式启动发动机2(步骤S4)。此处,在为规定高速度VH以上的情况下,若利用未产生卡合解除不良的另一变速机构的最低档立即行驶,则会产生急剧减速等不良状况。因此,ECU 11在车速传感器34的值变得低于规定高速度VH之前,设定为不紧扣第一离合器C1及第二离合器C2的空档(neutral)状态(步骤S5)。然后,在车速传感器34的值变得低于规定高速度VH的情况下(步骤S6),将另一变速机构的变速用齿轮设定为最低档(步骤S7)。
然后,紧扣离合器,由此对另一变速机构的变速用齿轮传递发动机2的动力。由此使车辆1行驶(步骤S8)。此时,离合器紧扣优选缓慢进行。
接下来,对产生了卡合解除不良时车速低于规定高速度VH且为规定速度VL以上的情况进行说明。在车速传感器34的值低于规定高速度VH且为规定速度VL以上的情况下(步骤S11),ECU 11在显示部38中显示产生了故障(步骤S12)。由此,驾驶员能获知车辆产生了卡合解除不良等故障。
然后,ECU 11一面继续行驶一面以利用输出轴CS的动力使发动机2启动的第一启动模式启动发动机2(步骤S13),将另一变速机构的变速用齿轮设定为最低档(步骤S14)。然后,使用另一变速机构的变速用齿轮使车辆1行驶(步骤S8)。
最后,对产生了卡合解除不良时车速低于规定速度VL的情况进行说明。在车速传感器34的值低于规定速度VL的情况下,若保持继续行驶的状态以第一启动模式启动发动机2,则可能减速比大而行驶变得不稳定。因此,此情况下,ECU 11在显示部38中显示无法继续行驶,并且显示停止车辆1的指示(步骤S21)。例如在显示部38中显示“无法继续行驶。请把车停到安全的地方。”那样的消息(message)。由此,能使驾驶员获知应暂且停止车辆1。此外,显示部38中指示的显示不仅为停止指示,也可同时显示在停止后应启动发动机2的指示。
此时,ECU 11设定为不紧扣第一离合器C1及第二离合器C2的空档状态(步骤S22)等,以促使车辆1减速。然后,在车辆1停止的情况下(步骤S23),ECU 11在显示部38中显示“请踩制动并且按下开关。”等促使驾驶员按下启动开关ST那样的指示(步骤S24)。此外,在车辆1停止的情况下,ECU 11若视需要进行包括驻车制动(parking brake)的控制,则能使车辆1可靠且安全地停止,因此优选。
若驾驶员按照来自ECU 11的指示按下启动开关ST,则ECU 11以利用启动用电机17的动力使发动机2启动的第二启动模式启动发动机2(步骤S25)。然后,ECU 11将另一变速机构的变速用齿轮设定为最低档(步骤S26),使用另一变速机构的变速用齿轮使车辆1行驶(步骤S8)。
此外,本实施方式中,在产生了卡合解除不良时,以规定速度VL等车速作为阈值,判断是否一面使车辆1继续行驶一面启动发动机2,但不限于此。例如,作为本实施方式的变形例,也可在产生了卡合解除不良时,在判断出使发动机2启动的变速用齿轮的变速档为规定变速档以上的情况下,在车辆1的行驶中使发动机2启动,且在判断出变速用齿轮的变速档小于规定变速档的情况下,使车辆1停止后使发动机2启动。
具体而言,将规定变速档设定为2速齿轮档,在低速的EV行驶时第二变速机构G2产生了卡合解除不良,且启动发动机2应使用的第一变速机构G1侧的同步位置传感器36检测出1速齿轮档的情况下,ECU 11也可在显示部38中指示停止车辆1。此情况下,在EV行驶时第二变速机构G2产生了卡合解除不良,且启动发动机2应使用的第一变速机构G1侧的同步位置传感器36检测出3速齿轮档的情况下,ECU 11在显示部38中显示故障,并保持车辆1继续行驶的状态使用3速驱动齿轮73以第一启动模式启动发动机2。
如以上所说明那样,本实施方式中,即便在主电机3驱动时且发动机2停止时,第一变速机构G1或第二变速机构G2中的一者的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,也由ECU 11决定使用第一变速机构G1或第二变速机构G2中另一者的变速用齿轮且使用发动机2的动力使车辆1行驶,由此能避免车辆1无法行驶。由此,即便在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,车辆1也能行驶。
另外,本实施方式中,ECU 11在第一变速机构G1的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用第二变速机构G2的最低档即2速齿轮档使车辆1行驶,且在第二变速机构G2的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用第一变速机构G1的最低档的1速齿轮档使车辆1行驶。如此,在使用未产生卡合解除不良的其中一个变速机构的变速齿轮使车辆行驶时,使用最低档的变速用齿轮,由此能使车辆可靠地行驶。
另外,本实施方式中,在车速为规定速度VL以上的情况下在车辆1的行驶中使发动机2启动。由此,在车速为规定速度VL以上的情况下,即便在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,也能不使车辆1停止而使车辆1继续行驶。
另外,本实施方式中,在车速为规定高速度VH以上的情况下,在车速传感器34的值变得低于规定高速度VH之前,将第一离合器C1及第二离合器C2设为中立状态。如此,在车辆1高速行驶的情况下,在达到适于使用规定的变速用齿轮的速度之前阻断离合器,不传递发动机2的动力,由此能抑制急剧的减速而顺利地行驶。
另外,本实施方式的变形例中,在产生了卡合解除不良时用于启动发动机2的变速档为规定变速档(例如2速齿轮档)以上的情况下,在车辆1的行驶中使发动机2启动。如此,也可将规定的变速用齿轮作为阈值而在行驶中使发动机2启动。由此,即便在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下也能继续行驶。
另外,本实施方式中,在车辆1的行驶中使发动机2启动的情况下,利用输出轴CS的旋转动力使发动机2启动。如此,通过有效利用行驶中的输出轴CS的旋转动力,即便在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,也能使车辆1不停止而继续行驶。
另外,本实施方式中,在产生了卡合解除不良时,ECU 11在显示部38中显示产生了故障。由此,能使车辆1的驾驶员获知车辆1有故障。
另外,本实施方式中,在车速低于规定速度VL的情况下,首先使车辆1停止。由此,在低速行驶的情况下不会让驾驶员感到由利用低速用的变速用齿轮继续行驶所致的急剧的加减速。另外,在车辆1停止后使发动机2启动而设定为能行驶的状况,由此车辆1能行驶。
另外,本实施方式中,在使车辆1停止后使发动机2启动的情况下,利用启动用电机17的旋转动力使发动机2启动。由此,使用启动用电机17的旋转动力将发动机2可靠地启动,由此能使车辆1行驶。
另外,本实施方式中,ECU 11在使车辆1停止后输入了来自启动开关ST的信号的情况下,使发动机2启动。由此,能由驾驶员决定车辆1的启动时机。
另外,本实施方式中,ECU 11在产生了卡合解除不良时使车辆1停止后使发动机2启动的情况下,在显示部38中显示停止指示,并在车辆1停止后显示使发动机2启动的指示。如此,在车辆1停止后使发动机2启动的情况下,在显示部38中显示车辆1的停止指示或车辆1的启动指示,由此驾驶员能把握停止时机或使车辆启动的时机。
另外,本实施方式中,ECU 11在产生了卡合解除不良时车速传感器34的值为规定速度VL以上的情况下,若在车辆1的行驶中利用输出轴CS的旋转动力使发动机2启动,则即便在产生了卡合解除不良的情况下也能继续行驶。另一方面,在小于规定速度VL的情况下,若使车辆1停止后利用主电机3等电动机的旋转动力使发动机2启动,则在低速行驶的情况下不会让驾驶员感到由利用最低档的变速用齿轮继续行驶所致的急剧的加减速。另外,在车辆1停止后使发动机2启动而设定为能行驶的状况,由此车辆1能行驶。
另外,本实施方式中,ECU 11在产生了卡合解除不良时车速传感器34的值为规定高速度VH以上的情况下,在变得低于规定高速度VH之前,将第一离合器C1及第二离合器C2设定为中立状态。如此,在车辆1高速行驶的情况下,在达到适于使用最低档的变速用齿轮的速度之前阻断离合器,不传递发动机2的动力,由此能顺利地行驶。
另外,本实施方式中,ECU 11也可在产生了卡合解除不良时判断出用于启动发动机2的变速档为规定变速档以上的情况下,在车辆1的行驶中使发动机2启动,并且在产生了卡合解除不良时判断出用于启动发动机2的变速档小于规定变速档的情况下,使车辆1停止后使发动机2启动。
另外,本实施方式中,ECU 11在产生了卡合解除不良时在车辆1的行驶中使发动机2启动的情况下,在显示部38中显示产生了故障,且在产生了卡合解除不良时使车辆停止后使发动机2启动的情况下,在显示部38中显示停止指示,并在车辆停止后显示使发动机2启动的指示。如此,通过在产生了卡合解除不良时在显示部38中显示产生了故障,能对车辆1的驾驶员立即告知车辆1有故障。另外,在车辆1的停止后使发动机2启动的情况下,通过显示车辆1的停止指示,能对车辆1的驾驶员立即告知应停车。
以上,对本发明的实施方式进行了说明,但本发明不限定于所述实施方式,可在权利要求及说明书与附图所记载的技术思想的范围内进行各种变形。
Claims (12)
1.一种车辆的控制装置,其特征在于,包括:
车辆,具有作为动力源的内燃机及电动机、以及变速器,所述变速器具备:
第一输入轴,连接于所述电动机并且经由第一动力传递元件选择性地连接于所述内燃机,
第二输入轴,经由第二动力传递元件选择性地连接于所述内燃机,
输出轴,向驱动轮输出动力,
第一变速机构,包含选择性地连结于所述第一输入轴的多个变速用齿轮,及
第二变速机构,包含选择性地连结于所述第二输入轴的其他多个变速用齿轮;以及
控制部,执行所述第一变速机构及所述第二变速机构的变速用齿轮的选择、所述第一动力传递元件及所述第二动力传递元件的操作、以及所述内燃机及所述电动机的运转控制;并且
所述控制部在所述电动机驱动时且所述内燃机停止时,
在产生了所述第一变速机构的变速用齿轮的卡合不脱开的卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用所述第二变速机构的变速用齿轮,利用所述内燃机的动力使所述车辆行驶,
在产生了所述第二变速机构的变速用齿轮的卡合不脱开的卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用所述第一变速机构的变速用齿轮,利用所述内燃机的动力使所述车辆行驶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:所述控制部在所述第一变速机构的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用所述第二变速机构的最低档的变速用齿轮使所述车辆行驶,
在所述第二变速机构的变速用齿轮产生了卡合解除不良的情况下,决定使用所述第一变速机构的最低档的变速用齿轮使所述车辆行驶。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:所述车辆还包括检测车速的车速检测部,
在产生了所述卡合解除不良时所述车速检测部的值为规定速度以上的情况下,所述控制部在所述车辆的行驶中使所述内燃机启动。
4.根据权利要求3所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:在产生了所述卡合解除不良时所述车速检测部的值为较所述规定速度大的规定高速度以上的情况下,所述控制部在所述车速检测部的值变得低于所述规定高速度之前,将所述第一动力传递元件及所述第二动力传递元件设定为中立状态。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:所述控制部在产生了所述卡合解除不良时判断出用于启动所述内燃机的变速档为规定变速档以上的情况下,在所述车辆的行驶中使所述内燃机启动。
6.根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:在所述车辆的行驶中使所述内燃机启动的情况下,所述控制部利用所述输出轴的旋转动力使所述内燃机启动。
7.根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:所述车辆还包括显示所述车辆的状况的显示部,
所述控制部在产生了所述卡合解除不良时,在所述车辆的行驶中使所述内燃机启动的情况下,在所述显示部中显示产生了故障。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:所述车辆还包括检测车速的车速检测部,
在产生了所述卡合解除不良时所述车速检测部的值低于规定速度的情况下,所述控制部使所述车辆停止后使所述内燃机启动。
9.根据权利要求1至6及8中任一项所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:所述控制部在产生了所述卡合解除不良时判断出用于启动所述内燃机的变速档小于规定变速档的情况下,使所述车辆停止后使所述内燃机启动。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:所述车辆还包括使所述内燃机启动的启动用电机,
所述控制部在使所述车辆停止后使所述内燃机启动的情况下,利用所述启动用电机的旋转动力使所述内燃机启动。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:所述车辆还包括用于启动所述车辆的启动开关,
所述控制部在使所述车辆停止后输入了来自所述启动开关的信号的情况下,使所述内燃机启动。
12.根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的车辆的控制装置,其特征在于:所述车辆还包括显示所述车辆的状况的显示部,
所述控制部在产生了所述卡合解除不良时使所述车辆停止后使所述内燃机启动的情况下,在所述显示部中显示停止指示,并在所述车辆停止后显示使所述内燃机启动的指示。
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CN111033092B (zh) * | 2017-08-10 | 2021-06-15 | 加特可株式会社 | 自动变速器的互锁判定装置及判定方法 |
SE543783C2 (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-07-20 | Scania Cv Ab | A method for driving at least one power consumer connected to a powertrain |
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JP3216501B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-13 | 2001-10-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ハイブリッド駆動装置 |
JP3129204B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-18 | 2001-01-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ハイブリッド駆動装置 |
JP3255012B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-02 | 2002-02-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ハイブリッド車 |
JP2002051407A (ja) * | 2000-08-03 | 2002-02-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | パワートレーンの制御装置 |
JP2002256921A (ja) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | 車両の制御装置 |
JP4549738B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-27 | 2010-09-22 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 車両の制御システム及び制御システム並びに制御方法 |
JP3705290B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-04 | 2005-10-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 複数の原動機を備えた車両の制御装置 |
US7544140B2 (en) * | 2006-01-03 | 2009-06-09 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Control device for vehicular drive system |
JP4328974B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-06 | 2009-09-09 | 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 | ハイブリッド電気自動車の制御装置 |
JP4328976B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-20 | 2009-09-09 | 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 | ハイブリッド電気自動車の制御装置 |
WO2009036211A2 (en) * | 2007-09-11 | 2009-03-19 | Hydro-Gear Limited Partnership | Electric drive vehicle control system |
DE102009004023B4 (de) * | 2009-01-08 | 2018-07-12 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Start-Stop-Betriebs eines Fahrzeugs mit Hybridantrieb und ein entsprechendes Fahrzeug |
JP5310055B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-12 | 2013-10-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ハイブリッド車両 |
JP2011235706A (ja) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-24 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 車両用駆動装置の制御装置及び制御方法 |
JP2013180696A (ja) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-12 | Daimler Ag | ハイブリッド電気自動車の制御装置 |
JP5899018B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-27 | 2016-04-06 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | ハイブリッド車両の制御装置 |
JP6108313B2 (ja) | 2014-07-01 | 2017-04-05 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | ハイブリッド車両におけるエンジン始動制御装置 |
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