CN109001663B - High-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix insertion loss calibration system and method - Google Patents
High-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix insertion loss calibration system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for calibrating insertion loss of a high-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix, which comprises the following steps: a four-port vector network analyzer and an attenuation adjustable matrix; the four-port vector network analyzer comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port which are arranged in sequence; each port is configured with three groups of jumpers consisting of a measurement receiver input and output signal, a source input and output signal and a reference receiver input and output signal. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the multi-channel parallel calibration is realized, and the overall calibration speed is obviously improved when the number of channels is large and the attenuation range is large. The idea of utilizing an 8-channel receiver of a 4-port vector network analyzer to realize quick calibration of 8 channels in parallel is adopted, and compared with the traditional method adopting a dual-port vector network analyzer, the efficiency is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing, in particular to a system and a method for calibrating insertion loss of a high-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix.
Background
The high-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix mainly comprises several important components such as power divider, electrically tunable attenuation and combiner. For a multi-channel attenuation adjustable matrix, the attenuation matrix can be accurately calibrated only by accurately acquiring attenuation values of each channel under different frequencies and different configuration voltages, so that the functional requirements of the attenuation matrix are met. Taking an 8 × 8 attenuation adjustable matrix as an example, the attenuation adjustable matrix has 8 input ports, 8 output ports and 64 channels, and radio frequency signals are input from the input ports and output from the output ports. The attenuation matrix index requires a working frequency range of 24 GHz-30 GHz, an attenuation range of 0 dB-60 dB and an attenuation step of 0.5 dB. A schematic diagram of an attenuation tunable matrix channel is shown in fig. 1.
According to the existing calibration mode, a dual-port vector network analyzer is adopted to calibrate channels one by one. The core component of the electrically-adjustable attenuation in the attenuation adjustable matrix is an analog voltage attenuator, the attenuation value of the analog voltage attenuator is related to the setting of the voltage value, and the voltage value and the attenuation amount present a monotonous curve in a two-dimensional coordinate. And selecting a section with better linearity in the curve, so that the attenuation in the range of 60dB up and down can be met. Before calibration, the analog voltage attenuator is set to an initial voltage value, and the variation of the attenuation within the range of 60dB is realized by continuously increasing the voltage.
The calibration process is that the vector network analyzer is preheated for half an hour and is subjected to straight-through calibration, then the port 1 of the vector network analyzer is connected to the first input port of the 8 input ports of the attenuation adjustable matrix, and in order to prevent signal leakage in the calibration process, other 7 input ports are also connected with matched loads. Similarly, the port 2 of the vector network analyzer is connected with the first output port of the 8 output ports of the attenuation adjustable matrix, and the other 7 output ports are also connected with the matched load.
And selecting one frequency point every 100MHz within the frequency range of 24 GHz-30 GHz for calibration, wherein the frequency points are 61 frequency points. One point is selected every 0.5dB within the attenuation range of 0dB to 60dB, and 121 attenuation points are selected in total. The attenuation adjustable matrix is set according to the pre-designed voltage step, the attenuation value of the attenuation adjustable matrix meets 121 attenuation point values through continuously increasing the voltage, the error is controlled to be +/-0.05 dB, and meanwhile, the voltage value corresponding to the 121 attenuation point under the frequency point is recorded. And similarly, calibrating the next frequency point until all 61 frequency points are calibrated. Finally, a 121 × 61 voltage calibration value table is obtained, and the calibration of 1 channel is completed. By analogy, the other 63 channels can be calibrated in turn.
The existing scheme has the following defects:
1) the attenuation matrix has a large number of channels, and a method of calibrating channels one by adopting a dual-port vector network analyzer will consume a large amount of time.
2) The dynamic range of the attenuation quantity of the attenuation matrix is large, and the adoption of the fixed intermediate frequency bandwidth in the whole dynamic range brings certain limitation to the calibration process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a calibration system and a calibration method for insertion loss of a high-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix, which do not adopt a traditional two-port vector network analyzer to calibrate channels one by one, but provide an 8-channel parallel calibration technology based on a four-port vector network analyzer, and dynamically configure the intermediate frequency bandwidth of the vector network analyzer according to the attenuation of the attenuation adjustable matrix.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first purpose of the invention is to disclose a four-port vector network analyzer, comprising: the device comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port which are arranged in sequence; each port is configured with three groups of jumpers consisting of a measurement receiver input and output signal, a source input and output signal and a reference receiver input and output signal.
Further, when all the three groups of jumper wires are short-circuited, any one of the four ports can receive the reference receiver input and output signal R and the measurement receiver input and output signal A of the port, and the standing wave of the port can be obtained by calculating A/R.
Furthermore, when two groups of jumper wires of the input and output signals of the measurement receiver and the input and output signals of the reference receiver of the port are disconnected, the input signal interface of the measurement receiver and the input signal interface of the reference receiver can respectively test one path of coherent signals.
The second purpose of the invention is to disclose a calibration system for the insertion loss of a high-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix, which comprises: the four port vector network analyzer of any of claims 1-3; disconnecting a jumper wire between the input and output signals of the measuring receiver and the input and output signals of the reference receiver arranged beside each port, and regarding each input port as an independent receiver to receive signals;
a first port of the four-port vector network analyzer is sequentially connected with an input interface A and an input interface R1 configured on the first port, an input interface B and an input interface R2 configured on the second port, an input interface C and an input interface R3 configured on the third port, and an input interface D and an input interface R4 configured on the fourth port, and normalization calibration is performed;
after calibration is completed, connecting a first path of input port of the attenuation adjustable matrix with a first port in a vector network analyzer, and connecting other 7 paths of input ports of the attenuation adjustable matrix with matched loads; the 8 paths of output signals of the attenuation adjustable matrix are respectively connected with 8 paths of input interfaces of an A input, a B input, a C input, a D input, an R1 input, an R2 input, an R3 input and an R4 input of the four-port vector network analyzer.
Furthermore, after the first path of insertion loss of the attenuation adjustable matrix is calibrated, a second path of input port of the attenuation adjustable matrix is connected with a first port in the vector network analyzer, and other 7 paths of input ports are connected with a matched load, so that a voltage calibration value list of other 8 paths of channels can be obtained at the same time; by analogy, finally, the cycle is repeated for 8 times, the voltage calibration value lists of all 64 channels can be obtained, and the insertion loss calibration of all the channels is completed.
The third purpose of the invention is to disclose a calibration method for the insertion loss of a high-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix, which comprises the following steps:
the vector network analyzer screen is divided into 8 screens for displaying, and the insertion loss of 8 channels is measured respectively;
setting the starting frequency and the terminating frequency of each screen of the four-port vector network analyzer to be 24GHz and the power to be 0 dBm;
the insertion loss of 8 paths of channel signals is measured in parallel, each path of attenuation adjustable matrix is set according to the pre-designed voltage step, the attenuation of each path of signal reaches a 0.5dB attenuation point value by continuously increasing a voltage value, the error is controlled to be +/-0.05 dB, the channel delay which reaches the attenuation point value first waits until all 8 channels reach the 0.5dB attenuation point value, and the voltage calibration value of the 8 paths of channels on the 24GHz frequency point and the 0.5dB attenuation point is recorded;
continuing to increase the voltage value, and recording the next time when the attenuation values of the 8 channels reach the next attenuation point;
sequentially obtaining voltage values of all attenuation points of 8 channels at a 24GHz frequency point;
according to the steps, the starting frequency and the ending frequency of the four-port vector network analyzer are reset to be the next frequency point for calibration again, and finally, all calibration of all 8 channels is completed, and meanwhile, an 8-group 121x61 voltage calibration value list is generated.
Further, for a frequency value not on the voltage calibration value list, the voltage calibration value at this frequency is obtained by linear interpolation.
Further, for a certain attenuation value at a certain frequency, the voltage value of the attenuation adjustable matrix is set by looking up the voltage calibration value list.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the multi-channel parallel calibration is realized, and the overall calibration speed is obviously improved when the number of channels is large and the attenuation range is large. The idea of utilizing an 8-channel receiver of a 4-port vector network analyzer to realize quick calibration of 8 channels in parallel is adopted, and compared with the traditional method adopting a dual-port vector network analyzer, the efficiency is obviously improved.
2) The intermediate frequency bandwidth of the vector network analyzer is dynamically configured according to the attenuation, the calibration precision can reach 0.5dB, and the single-channel calibration efficiency is improved while the calibration precision is met. According to the dynamic range of the attenuation matrix, the intermediate frequency bandwidth of the vector network analyzer is dynamically configured in different regions through manual background investigation in the early stage, so that the calibration precision is met, and the calibration efficiency is greatly improved.
3) The calibration method not only increases the number of calibration channels by times, but also shortens the calibration time of a single channel while ensuring the calibration precision, thereby improving the calibration efficiency from two dimensions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art attenuation tunable matrix channel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a four-port vector network analyzer port and jumper combination according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a four-port vector network analyzer and an attenuation adjustable matrix according to the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Based on the problems of the prior art noted in the background, the present invention discloses a four-port vector network analyzer, as shown in fig. 2, comprising: the port 1, the port 2, the port 3 and the port 4 are arranged in sequence; all 4 ports have 3 groups of jumpers formed by the measurement receiver input output signal (A, B, C, D), the source input output signal and the reference receiver input output signal (R1, R2, R3, R4) in the vicinity. Taking the port 1 of the vector network analyzer as an example, when all the three groups of jumper wires are short-circuited, namely conventional application, the reference receiver input and output signal R and the receiver input and output signal A of the port can be received, and the standing wave of the port 1 can be obtained by calculating A/R. When two groups of jumpers of the input and output signals (A output and A input) of the measurement receiver and the input and output signals (R1 output and R1 input) of the port 1 are disconnected, the A input interface and the R1 input interface can respectively test two paths of coherent signals. Because there are 4 ports in total, 8 signals can be tested simultaneously at a time.
The schematic diagram of the connection of the vector network analyzer and the attenuation adjustable matrix is shown in fig. 3. When calibration is performed, the vector network analyzer is preheated. And then, connecting the port 1 of the vector network analyzer with 8 input interfaces of an input A, an input B, an input C, an input D, an input R1, an input R2, an input R3 and an input R4 in sequence, and carrying out normalization calibration for subsequent measurement of the insertion loss. After calibration is completed, the connecting line is detached, the 1 st input port of the attenuation adjustable matrix is connected with the port 1 in the vector network analyzer, and the input port of the attenuation adjustable matrix can also be connected with the port 2, the port 3 or the port 4 according to the internal structure of the vector network analyzer, wherein only the output signals of the same port of the vector network analyzer can be ensured in the whole calibration process. According to the schematic diagram of fig. 3, 8 lines of jumper wires of the input and output signals of the receiver and the input and output signals of the reference receiver are disconnected, and the connection between the vector network analyzer and the attenuation adjustable matrix is completed. The 8 paths of output signals of the attenuation adjustable matrix are respectively connected with 8 paths of input interfaces of an input A, an input B, an input C, an input D, an input R1, an input R2, an input R3 and an input R4 of the vector network analyzer. Meanwhile, other 7 input ports of the attenuation adjustable matrix are connected with matched loads.
As with the calibration of the dual-port vector network analyzer, one frequency point is selected every 100MHz within the frequency range of 24 GHz-30 GHz for calibration, and the total number of the frequency points is 61. One point is selected every 0.5dB within the attenuation range of 0dB to 60dB, and 121 attenuation points are selected in total. The vector network analyzer screen is divided into 8 screens for displaying, and the insertion loss of 8 channels is measured respectively. First, the start and stop frequencies of each screen are set to be 24GHz and the power is set to be 0 dBm. The method comprises the steps of using automatic calibration software to measure the insertion loss of 8 paths of channel signals in parallel, setting each path of attenuation adjustable matrix according to a pre-designed voltage step, enabling the attenuation of each path of signal to reach a 0.5dB attenuation point value by continuously increasing a voltage value, controlling the error to be +/-0.05 dB, delaying the channel which reaches the attenuation point value first, waiting until all 8 channels reach the 0.5dB attenuation point value, recording the frequency point at 24GHz, and recording the voltage calibration value of the 8 paths of channels on the 0.5dB attenuation point. And continuing to increase the voltage value, and when the attenuation values of the 8 channels reach the next attenuation point, recording the attenuation values again, and sequentially obtaining the voltage values of all the attenuation points of the 8 channels at the frequency point of 24 GHz. According to the step, the start frequency and the end frequency of the vector network analyzer are reset to be the next frequency point for calibration again, and finally, the whole calibration of all 8 channels is completed, and meanwhile, an 8-group 121x61 voltage calibration value list is generated. Also, for frequency values not on the table, the voltage calibration value at this frequency can be obtained by linear interpolation.
TABLE 1 comparison table of medium frequency bandwidth and attenuation array attenuation values of vector network analyzer
| Medium frequency bandwidth | Interval of attenuation value |
| 30KHz | 0dB～10dB |
| 10KHz | 10dB～20dB |
| 3KHz | 20dB～30dB |
| 1KHz | 30dB～40dB |
| 300Hz | 40dB～50dB |
| 100Hz | 50dB～60dB |
Similarly, the 2 nd input port of the attenuation adjustable matrix is connected with the port 1 in the vector network analyzer, the other 7 input ports are connected with the matched load, and the voltage calibration value list of the other 8 channels can also be obtained simultaneously. By analogy, finally, the cycle is repeated for 8 times, the voltage calibration value lists of all 64 channels can be obtained, and the insertion loss calibration of all the channels is completed.
The invention relates to a parallel receiving technology of an 8-channel receiver based on a 4-port vector network analyzer, which comprises the following steps: the single-channel serial calibration is improved to 8-channel parallel calibration, so that the calibration speed of the whole machine is effectively improved; the intermediate frequency bandwidth calibration technology is dynamically configured in intervals based on attenuation: in the software design calibration process, the intermediate frequency bandwidth is dynamically configured, so that the calibration precision can reach 0.5dB, and the calibration efficiency is improved while the calibration precision is met.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Calibration system of high frequency attenuation adjustable matrix insertion loss, characterized by, includes: a four-port vector network analyzer; the four-port vector network analyzer comprises: the device comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port which are arranged in sequence; each port is provided with three groups of jumpers consisting of input and output signals of a measuring receiver, input and output signals of a source and input and output signals of a reference receiver;
disconnecting a jumper wire between the input and output signals of the measuring receiver and the input and output signals of the reference receiver arranged beside each port, and regarding each input port as an independent receiver to receive signals;
a first port of the four-port vector network analyzer is sequentially connected with an input interface A and an input interface R1 configured on the first port, an input interface B and an input interface R2 configured on the second port, an input interface C and an input interface R3 configured on the third port, and an input interface D and an input interface R4 configured on the fourth port, and normalization calibration is performed;
after calibration is completed, connecting a first path of input port of the attenuation adjustable matrix with a first port in a vector network analyzer, and connecting other 7 paths of input ports of the attenuation adjustable matrix with matched loads; the 8 paths of output signals of the attenuation adjustable matrix are respectively connected with 8 paths of input interfaces of an A input, a B input, a C input, a D input, an R1 input, an R2 input, an R3 input and an R4 input of the four-port vector network analyzer.
2. The system for calibrating the insertion loss of the high-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix according to claim 1, wherein after the first path of insertion loss of the attenuation adjustable matrix is calibrated, the second path of input port of the attenuation adjustable matrix is connected with the first port in the vector network analyzer, and other 7 paths of input ports are connected with the matched load, and a voltage calibration value list of other 8 paths of channels can be obtained at the same time; by analogy, finally, the cycle is repeated for 8 times, the voltage calibration value lists of all 64 channels can be obtained, and the insertion loss calibration of all the channels is completed.
3. The system for calibrating insertion loss of a high-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix according to claim 1, wherein the four-port vector network analyzer is capable of receiving a reference receiver input/output signal R and a measurement receiver input/output signal A of any one of the four ports when all three groups of jumper wires are short-circuited, and the standing wave of the port can be obtained by calculating A/R.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the four-port vector network analyzer is capable of testing one path of coherent signal respectively by the measurement receiver input signal interface and the reference receiver input signal interface when two sets of jumpers for the measurement receiver input/output signal and the reference receiver input/output signal of the port are disconnected.
5. The calibration method for the insertion loss of the high-frequency attenuation adjustable matrix is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the vector network analyzer screen is divided into 8 screens for displaying, and the insertion loss of 8 channels is measured respectively;
setting the starting frequency and the terminating frequency of each screen of the four-port vector network analyzer to be 24GHz and the power to be 0 dBm;
the insertion loss of 8 paths of channel signals is measured in parallel, each path of attenuation adjustable matrix is set according to the pre-designed voltage step, the attenuation of each path of signal reaches a 0.5dB attenuation point value by continuously increasing a voltage value, the error is controlled to be +/-0.05 dB, the channel delay which reaches the attenuation point value first waits until all 8 channels reach the 0.5dB attenuation point value, and the voltage calibration value of the 8 paths of channels on the 24GHz frequency point and the 0.5dB attenuation point is recorded;
continuing to increase the voltage value, and recording the next time when the attenuation values of the 8 channels reach the next attenuation point;
sequentially obtaining voltage values of all attenuation points of 8 channels at a 24GHz frequency point;
according to the method, the starting frequency and the ending frequency of the four-port vector network analyzer are reset to be the next frequency point for calibration again, and finally, all calibration of all 8 channels is completed, and meanwhile, an 8-group 121x61 voltage calibration value list is generated.
6. The method for calibrating insertion loss of a high frequency attenuation adjustable matrix according to claim 5, wherein for a frequency value not on the voltage calibration value list, the voltage calibration value at this frequency is obtained by linear interpolation.
7. The method for calibrating insertion loss of a high frequency attenuation tunable matrix according to claim 5, wherein the voltage value of the attenuation tunable matrix is set by looking up the voltage calibration value list for a certain attenuation value at a certain frequency.
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| CN111766425B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2023-03-21 | 深圳市极致汇仪科技有限公司 | Vector network analyzer supporting multi-port parallel test |
| CN112051532A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-12-08 | 中电科仪器仪表有限公司 | Intermediate frequency calibration method based on vector network analyzer |
| CN112804014B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2023-01-31 | 上海创远仪器技术股份有限公司 | Method for realizing high-power range precision calibration of port power for vector network analyzer |
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