CN108994135A - A kind of quenching integrated manufacturing process of hot forming - Google Patents
A kind of quenching integrated manufacturing process of hot forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN108994135A CN108994135A CN201810758943.9A CN201810758943A CN108994135A CN 108994135 A CN108994135 A CN 108994135A CN 201810758943 A CN201810758943 A CN 201810758943A CN 108994135 A CN108994135 A CN 108994135A
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- manufacturing process
- thermoforming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming, for shaping to sheet alloy, comprising: Step 1: shaping dies is mounted on hot-embossing equipment, shaping dies is heated to hardening heat；Step 2: the type that taking-up plate is fixed on lower die is intracavitary after plate is heated to hardening heat in heating furnace；Step 3: opening hot-embossing equipment, during shaping dies gradually molds hot formed to plate progress, shaping dies and plate are cooled down using cooling device, control the temperature decline of plate to complete to quench；Mold to be formed molds completely, and hot forming is completed；Step 4: carrying out ageing treatment to shaped sheet.The present invention after thermo forming immediately quenches sheet alloy, and fine grained texture under high temperature is retained while processing hardening, the strength of materials has been effectively ensured；Quenching process occurs in mold cavity, and formation of parts has been effectively ensured and has not been deformed by thermal stress, and forming accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming, belong to accurate sheet metal processing field.
Background technique
The forming property of sheet alloy at room temperature is poor, the method shaped using traditional cold pressure processing or welding,
Low precision, resistance of deformation are big, and are difficult the part of shaping form complexity.At present using hot formed method gradually instead of tradition
Technique, such as drop stamping, superplasticforming, hot Hydroforming, thermal state metal gas pressure compacting technology etc. are by improving material
Deformation performance, reduce material resistance of deformation, to achieve the purpose that forming.But with the development of Lightweight Technology, on the one hand
Structure design gradually simplifies, and the light alloys such as another aspect aluminium alloy substitute heavy metal, therefore in order to guarantee the rigidity of structure, shapes
The intensity requirement of part is also higher and higher.In heat forming processes, processing hardening and recovery and recrystallization are carried out inside alloy simultaneously
Soften two opposite processes, thermoformed parts may occur intensity decline, influence its use.For this purpose, after thermoforming often
It needs individually to carry out heat treatment reinforcement to alloy again.But due to being influenced by thermal stress, uneven in temperature etc. during heat treatment reinforcement,
Even with mold tooling, formed material also be easy deforms once again, cause this mode is costly, energy consumption is high, week
Phase is long and precision is low.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: in place of overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, giving one kind can be improved forming zero
Part intensity guarantees its dimensional accuracy, and the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming that can reduce the technological process of production.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a kind of quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming, for sheet alloy into
Row shapes, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: shaping dies is mounted in the rack of hot-embossing equipment；
Step 2: take out the plate after the plate is heated to hardening heat in heating furnace, be fixed on it is described at
In shape mold；
Step 3: opening the hot-embossing equipment, hot forming is carried out to the plate using the shaping dies, to institute
It states shaping dies to mold completely, hot forming is completed；
Step 4: completed to hot forming, immediately using cooling device to the shaping dies and the shaped sheet into
Row cooling, controls the temperature of the shaped sheet with the speed of 2~3 DEG C/s and drops to room temperature, to be quenched；Quenching process
In, using the shaping dies to the shaped sheet pressure maintaining；
Step 5: opening the shaping dies, shaped sheet is taken out, ageing treatment is carried out to the shaped sheet.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, the shaping dies includes upper die and lower die.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 3, the finishing die is utilized
During tool is hot formed to plate progress, the speed that the upper mold is moved to the lower die is 50~200mm/s.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, the shaping dies has lower die, using gas
Body medium carries out flexible load.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 3, the finishing die is utilized
During tool is hot formed to plate progress, the on-load pressure of the gas medium is 0.1~100MPa.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 3, the cooling device packet
Sink, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and supply equipment are included, the sink is formed in inside the lower die, and is located at the type of the lower die
On rear side of chamber, the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe run through the lower die, are connected to the sink, the supply equipment with it is described
Inlet valve is provided on the connection water route of water inlet pipe；The water inlet speed of the sink is adjusted by adjusting the aperture of the inlet valve
Degree, and then control the decrease speed of the temperature of the plate.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 3, the cooling device packet
Include cool air hose and air compressor, wherein the outlet of the cool air hose is directed at the cavity positions of the lower die；Described in adjusting
The wind-force of air compressor controls the decrease speed of the temperature of the plate.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, before the step 1, following step is also executed
It is rapid: according to the part developed dimension prefabricated panels that need to be shaped, polishing and pickling to be carried out to the plate, smear lubricant；According to
The drag chamber of shaping dies described in the part shape and profile arrangement that need to be shaped, wherein the cavity dimension of the lower die
Relative to the spare part outside measurement amplification that need to be shaped, amplification quantity is 3 ‰~the 7 ‰ of the spare part outside measurement that need to be shaped, further according to
The lower die cavity design upper mold.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 1, also to the finishing die
Tool is preheated, and heating temperature is 100~200 DEG C lower than the hardening heat of the plate.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 5, to the shaped sheet
Ageing treatment is carried out, detailed process includes: to place the shaped sheet at 3~4 days progress natrual ageing at room temperature
Reason, or it is placed on 5~20 hours progress ageing treatments in the incubator of setting at a certain temperature.
The invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
(1) present invention after thermo forming immediately quenches sheet alloy, retains high temperature while processing hardening
Lower fine grained texture, has been effectively ensured the strength of materials.
(2) present invention after thermo forming immediately quenches sheet alloy, and quenching process occurs in mold cavity,
Formation of parts is effectively ensured not deformed by thermal stress, forming accuracy is high.
(3) present invention after thermo forming immediately quenches sheet alloy, heating method and quenching mode multiplicity,
It can be selected according to production, flexible design.
(4) present invention after thermo forming directly quenches sheet alloy, compared to conventional hot forming~quenching
Process flow, process cycle is short, high-efficient, low energy consumption.
(5) present invention quenches sheet alloy in heat forming processes, compared to conventional hot forming~quencher
Skill process reduces tooling required for quenching, at low cost.
(6) present invention is suitable for processing and want to forming dimension precision, type face precision, surface quality and material mechanical performance
Higher heat-treatable strengthened alloy part is sought, use scope is extensive.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of shaping dies in one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is A~A cross section view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the front schematic view of lower mold in one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the reverse side schematic diagram of lower mold in one embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, below in conjunction with attached drawing to this hair
Bright specific embodiment is described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming, for being shaped to sheet alloy,
The following steps are included:
Step 1: shaping dies (structure of the shaping dies of one embodiment is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2) is mounted on heat
In pressing formation equipment.
Step 2: take out the plate after the plate is heated to hardening heat in heating furnace, be fixed on it is described at
In shape mold.
Step 3: opening the hot-embossing equipment, hot forming is carried out to the plate using the shaping dies, to institute
It states shaping dies to mold completely, hot forming is completed.
Step 4: completed to hot forming, immediately using cooling device to the shaping dies and the shaped sheet into
Row cooling, controls the temperature of the shaped sheet with the speed of 2~3 DEG C/s and drops to room temperature, to be quenched；Quenching process
In, using the shaping dies to the shaped sheet pressure maintaining.
The present invention immediately quenches sheet alloy after completing hot forming, retains high temperature while processing hardening
Lower fine grained texture, has been effectively ensured the strength of materials；Moreover, quenching process occurs in mold cavity, forming zero has been effectively ensured
Part is not deformed by thermal stress, and forming accuracy is high.Meanwhile in quenching process directly using shaping dies to shaped sheet into
Row pressure maintaining, pressure maintaining carries out simultaneously with cooling, to promote shaped sheet sufficiently to quench.
Step 5: opening the shaping dies, shaped sheet is taken out, ageing treatment is carried out to the shaped sheet.Through when
Effect processing, the hardness and strength of shaped sheet significantly improve.
The present invention directly quenches sheet alloy, i.e., quenching process is completed on hot-embossing equipment, without
Hot forming workpiece is taken out into hot-embossing equipment, is reloaded into quenching apparatus set in addition, process cycle greatly shortens, and adds
Work efficiency rate increases substantially, and significantly reduces energy consumption, reduces tooling required for quenching, reduces processing cost.
The present invention is suitable for processing to the requirement of forming dimension precision, type face precision, surface quality and material mechanical performance
Higher heat-treatable strengthened alloy part.Signified sheet alloy of the invention includes that aluminium alloy, Steel material etc. can be heat-treated by force
The sheet alloy of change.
In one embodiment, when using aluminum alloy materials as sheet alloy, due to the solid solution temperature of aluminum alloy materials
Degree quenches sensitivity interval with it and differs only by tens degrees Celsius, and radiating rate is fast, and the temperature of material is easily varied, therefore turn of plate
Shifting and forming should be completed within a short period of time as far as possible.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, the shaping dies includes upper mold 1 and described
Lower die 2 (as depicted in figs. 1 and 2).When shaping dies is made of upper mold 1 and lower die 2, shaping dies is being set to hot forming
It, need to be to upper and lower mould be positioned and is adjusted to corresponding position height, to mold when standby upper installation.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 3, the shaping dies is utilized
During hot formed to plate progress, the speed that the upper mold 1 is moved to the lower die 2 is 50~200mm/s.Upper mold
1 molds completely with lower die 2, and 3 hot forming of plate is completed.
Upper mold determines the hot forming speed of plate to the movement velocity of lower die.Such as the hot forming excessive velocities of plate, then
The quenching process that will lead to plate can not be completed, and the intensity of material is inadequate；Hot forming speed such as plate is excessively slow, it is also possible to lead
Cause the intensity of material inadequate.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, the shaping dies has lower die, using gas
Medium carries out flexible load.Flexibility load is suitable for shaping complex profile plate.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 3, the shaping dies is utilized
During hot formed to plate progress, the on-load pressure of the gas medium is 0.1~100MPa.
The on-load pressure of gas medium determines the hot forming speed of plate.Such as the hot forming excessive velocities of plate, then can
Leading to the quenching process of plate can not complete, and the intensity of material is inadequate；Hot forming speed such as plate is excessively slow, it is also possible to cause
The intensity of material is inadequate.
Specifically, gas pressure is controlled by PLC pressure-control valve, setting time~pressure curve adds plate
Pressure.
Look at Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, it is preferable that in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 3, institute
Stating cooling device includes sink 7, water inlet pipe 6, outlet pipe 8 and supply equipment, and the sink 7 is formed in inside the lower die 2, and
Positioned at 5 rear side of type chamber of the lower die, the water inlet pipe 6 and the outlet pipe 8 run through the lower die 2, are connected to the water
Inlet valve is provided on the connection water route of slot 7, the supply equipment and the water inlet pipe；By the aperture for adjusting the inlet valve
To adjust the water intake velocity of the sink, and then the decrease speed of the temperature of the control plate.
There is radiating fin, in order to promote the temperature of shaping dies and plate to decline in sink 7.Sink passes through sealing welding
Fishplate bar 4 seals.
During carrying out hot formed using shaping dies, i.e., mould moves upper mold gradually downward, or is added by gas
During load, inlet valve is opened, is passed through cooling water into the sink of lower die, to reduce the extremely internal plate of shaping dies
Temperature, thus make plate in heat forming processes rapid drop in temperature to completing quenching process.Wherein, pass through regulating water inlet valve
Aperture, the water intake velocity of sink is adjusted, and then control the temperature drop rate of plate, to control the quenching process of plate.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 3, the cooling device includes
Cool air hose and air compressor, wherein the outlet of the cool air hose is directed at the cavity positions of the lower die；By adjusting the sky
The wind-force of air compressor controls the decrease speed of the temperature of the plate.
In another embodiment, it can also be quenched by the way of air-cooled.Pacify on hot-embossing equipment in advance
Cool air hose and air compressor are filled, and guarantees that the outlet of cool air hose is directed at the cavity positions of the lower die, cool air hose installation site
Suitable distance should be kept with mold, avoid damaging because of high temperature.
During carrying out hot formed using shaping dies, i.e., mould moves upper mold gradually downward, or is added by gas
During load, open air compressor, so that cold air is circulated around shaping dies or plate, reach quickly reduce mold and
The purpose of plate temperature, rapid drop in temperature in plate heat forming processes, to complete to quench.Wherein, by adjusting air pressure
The wind-force of contracting machine controls the temperature drop rate of plate, to control the quenching process of plate.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, before the step 1, following step is also executed
It is rapid: according to the part developed dimension prefabricated panels that need to be shaped, polishing and pickling to be carried out to the plate, smear lubricant；According to
The drag chamber of shaping dies described in the part shape and profile arrangement that need to be shaped, wherein the cavity dimension of the lower die
Relative to the spare part outside measurement amplification that need to be shaped, amplification quantity is 3 ‰~the 7 ‰ of the spare part outside measurement that need to be shaped, further according to
The lower die cavity design upper mold.
Polishing and pickling can prevent plate surface from aoxidizing in the above process.Lubricant is preferably graphite.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 1, also to the shaping dies
It is preheated, heating temperature is 100~200 DEG C lower than the hardening heat of the plate.When plate is put into shaping dies, once
The temperature of shaping dies is too low, and the temperature decline that may result in plate is too fast, and then influences forming and thermal effectiveness.Cause
This, preheats shaping dies, to eliminate the harmful effect.
Specifically, thermocouple coil is installed around shaping dies, mold can be heated by turning on the switch, and be led to
Cross the temperature of temperature-measuring gun measurement shaping dies.It, need to be by thermocouple coil before carrying out hot forming to plate using shaping dies
Switch close.
When processing to aluminum alloy plate materials, the pre-heating temperature range of shaping dies is 300~400 DEG C；To steel board
When being processed, the pre-heating temperature range of shaping dies is 500~600 DEG C.
Preferably, in the quenching integrated manufacturing process of the thermoforming, in the step 5, to the shaped sheet into
Row ageing treatment, detailed process include: the shaped sheet is placed into 3~4 days progress natural aging treatments at room temperature, or
Person is placed on 5~20 hours progress ageing treatments in the incubator of setting at a certain temperature.
Embodiment presented below, to be illustrated to technical solutions according to the invention are further.
Embodiment one
The 2A12 duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy plate thickness that the present embodiment uses is 2mm, drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm
× 70mm, required precision ± 0.2mm, height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, required precision is ±
0.1mm。
Specifically carried out by following processing step:
(1) carry out planar development: according to aluminium alloy plate shape relative position, designing plate thickness needed for hot forming is
2mm, board dimension are 114mm × 70mm.Polishing and pickling are carried out to plate, smear lubricant.
(2) shaping dies is designed:, be according to aluminum alloy plate materials part most when designing and producing aluminium alloy plate hot forming mold
Whole size amplifies processing, and amplification coefficient is chosen for 5 ‰.The water inlet pipe of cooling device and the hole of outlet pipe are designed in lower die
Diameter, cloth set sink, lower die apply square plate to be welded on lower die sealing bottom surface sink after completing, and the water trough design of shaping dies is answered
Meet the effect that mold and plate are quickly cooled down in mould strength and forming process simultaneously.
(3) the 2A12 duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy plate of step 1 design preparation plate hot forming and Cooling Quenching: is heated to 500
℃.The shaping dies of step 2 preparation is positioned and is mounted on hot-embossing equipment, upper and lower model cavity distance is 100mm.It will
Shaping dies is heated to 400 DEG C.Assembling die, connecting line keep inlet valve to close.Plate is mounted on to the type chamber of lower die
Interior, upper mold downlink, speed 100mm/s, plate shapes in hot forming mold.
(4) hot forming is completed, opens inlet valve immediately, water flow makes shaping dies and plate cool down with the speed of 2 DEG C/s, complete
The Cooling Quenching of pairs of plate.In quenching process, shaping dies carries out pressure maintaining to shaped sheet, and pressure is set as 50 tons.
(5) natrual ageing: upper mold uplink takes out shaped sheet, when shaped sheet is placed 4 days progress natures at room temperature
Effect, to obtain required part.
Drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm × 70mm that the present embodiment is processed, precision reach ± 0.2mm；
Height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, each dimensional accuracy reach ± 0.1mm.Aluminium alloy drip molding is T4
State.The drip molding that the present embodiment is processed is carried out to cut sample tension test analysis, yield strength reaches 250MPa or more, resists
Tensile strength reaches 400MPa or more.
Embodiment two
The 2A12 duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy plate thickness that the present embodiment uses is 2mm, drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm
× 70mm, required precision ± 0.2mm, height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, required precision is ±
0.1mm。
Specifically carried out by following processing step:
(1) carry out planar development: according to aluminium alloy plate shape relative position, designing plate thickness needed for hot forming is
2mm, board dimension are 114mm × 70mm.Polishing and pickling are carried out to plate, smear lubricant.
(2) shaping dies is designed:, be according to aluminum alloy plate materials part most when designing and producing aluminium alloy plate hot forming mold
Whole size amplifies processing, and amplification coefficient is chosen for 3 ‰.The water inlet pipe of cooling device and the hole of outlet pipe are designed in lower die
Diameter, cloth set sink, lower die apply square plate to be welded on lower die sealing bottom surface sink after completing, and the water trough design of shaping dies is answered
Meet the effect that mold and plate are quickly cooled down in mould strength and forming process simultaneously.
(3) plate of step 1 design preparation plate hot forming and Cooling Quenching: is heated to 500 DEG C.Step 2
The shaping dies of preparation is positioned and is mounted on hot-embossing equipment, and upper and lower model cavity distance is 100mm.By shaping dies into
Row is heated to 300 DEG C.Assembling die, connecting line keep inlet valve to close.The type that plate is mounted on lower die is intracavitary, upper mold
Downlink, speed 50mm/s, plate shape in hot forming mold.
(4) hot forming is completed, opens inlet valve immediately, water flow makes shaping dies and plate cool down with the speed of 3 DEG C/s, complete
The Cooling Quenching of pairs of plate.In quenching process, shaping dies carries out pressure maintaining to shaped sheet, and pressure is set as 50 tons.
(5) natrual ageing: upper mold uplink takes out shaped sheet, when shaped sheet is placed 3 days progress natures at room temperature
Effect, to obtain required part.
Drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm × 70mm that the present embodiment is processed, precision reach ± 0.2mm；
Height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, each dimensional accuracy reach ± 0.1mm.Aluminium alloy drip molding is T4
State.The drip molding that the present embodiment is processed is carried out to cut sample tension test analysis, yield strength reaches 250MPa or more, resists
Tensile strength reaches 400MPa or more.
Embodiment three
The 2A12 duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy plate thickness that the present embodiment uses is 2mm, drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm
× 70mm, required precision ± 0.2mm, height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, required precision is ±
0.1mm。
Specifically carried out by following processing step:
(1) carry out planar development: according to aluminium alloy plate shape relative position, designing plate thickness needed for hot forming is
2mm, board dimension are 114mm × 70mm.Polishing and pickling are carried out to plate, smear lubricant.
(2) shaping dies is designed:, be according to aluminum alloy plate materials part most when designing and producing aluminium alloy plate hot forming mold
Whole size amplifies processing, and amplification coefficient is chosen for 7 ‰.The water inlet pipe of cooling device and the hole of outlet pipe are designed in lower die
Diameter, cloth set sink, lower die apply square plate to be welded on lower die sealing bottom surface sink after completing, and the water trough design of shaping dies is answered
Meet the effect that mold and plate are quickly cooled down in mould strength and forming process simultaneously.
(3) plate of step 1 design preparation plate hot forming and Cooling Quenching: is heated to 500 DEG C.Step 2
The shaping dies of preparation is positioned and is mounted on hot-embossing equipment, and upper and lower model cavity distance is 100mm.Assembling die, connection
Pipeline keeps inlet valve to close.The type that plate is mounted on lower die is intracavitary, and upper mold downlink, speed 200mm/s, plate is in warm
It is shaped in pressing formation mold.
(4) hot forming is completed, opens inlet valve immediately, water flow makes shaping dies and plate cool down with the speed of 2 DEG C/s, complete
The Cooling Quenching of pairs of plate.In quenching process, shaping dies carries out pressure maintaining to shaped sheet, and pressure is set as 50 tons.
(5) natrual ageing: upper mold uplink takes out shaped sheet, and shaped sheet is placed on the guarantor of setting at a certain temperature
5 hours carry out ageing treatment in incubator, to obtain required part.
Drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm × 70mm that the present embodiment is processed, precision reach ± 0.2mm；
Height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, precision reach ± 0.1mm.Aluminium alloy drip molding is T4 state.To this
The drip molding that embodiment is processed has carried out cutting sample tension test analysis, and yield strength reaches 250MPa or more, tensile strength
Reach 400MPa or more.
Example IV
The 2A12 duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy plate thickness that the present embodiment uses is 2mm, drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm
× 70mm, required precision ± 0.2mm, height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, required precision is ±
0.1mm.Specifically carried out by following processing step:
(1) carry out planar development: according to aluminium alloy plate shape relative position, designing plate thickness needed for hot forming is
2mm, board dimension are 114mm × 70mm.Polishing and pickling are carried out to plate, smear lubricant.
(2) shaping dies is designed:, be according to aluminum alloy plate materials part most when designing and producing aluminium alloy plate hot forming mold
Whole size amplifies processing, and amplification coefficient is chosen for 5 ‰.The cool air hose and air compressor of cooling device are installed, wherein institute
The outlet for stating cool air hose is directed at the cavity positions of the lower die.
(3) plate of step 1 design preparation plate hot forming and Cooling Quenching: is heated to 500 DEG C.Step 2
The shaping dies of preparation is positioned and is mounted on hot-embossing equipment.Shaping dies is carried out to be heated to 400 DEG C.Plate is installed
It is intracavitary in the type of lower die, using gas medium flexibility load, on-load pressure 0.1MPa, plate in hot forming mold at
Shape.
(4) hot forming is completed, opens air compressor immediately, cold air makes shaping dies and plate with the speed of 2 DEG C/s
The Cooling Quenching to plate is completed in cooling.In quenching process, shaping dies carries out pressure maintaining to shaped sheet, and pressure is set as 50
Ton.
(5) natrual ageing: taking out shaped sheet, and shaped sheet is placed 3 days progress natrual ageing at room temperature, thus
To required part.
Drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm × 70mm that the present embodiment is processed, precision reach ± 0.2mm；
Height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, each dimensional accuracy reach ± 0.1mm.Aluminium alloy drip molding is T4
State.The drip molding that the present embodiment is processed is carried out to cut sample tension test analysis, yield strength reaches 250MPa or more, resists
Tensile strength reaches 400MPa or more.
Embodiment five
The 2A12 duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy plate thickness that the present embodiment uses is 2mm, drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm
× 70mm, required precision ± 0.2mm, height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, required precision is ±
0.1mm。
Specifically carried out by following processing step:
(1) carry out planar development: according to aluminium alloy plate shape relative position, designing plate thickness needed for hot forming is
2mm, board dimension are 114mm × 70mm.Polishing and pickling are carried out to plate, smear lubricant.
(2) shaping dies is designed:, be according to aluminum alloy plate materials part most when designing and producing aluminium alloy plate hot forming mold
Whole size amplifies processing, and amplification coefficient is chosen for 3 ‰.The cool air hose and air compressor of cooling device are installed, wherein institute
The outlet for stating cool air hose is directed at the cavity positions of the lower die.
(3) plate of step 1 design preparation plate hot forming and Cooling Quenching: is heated to 500 DEG C.Step 2
The shaping dies of preparation is positioned and is mounted on hot-embossing equipment.Shaping dies is carried out to be heated to 300 DEG C.Plate is installed
It is intracavitary in the type of lower die, using gas medium flexibility load, on-load pressure 100MPa, plate in hot forming mold at
Shape.
(4) hot forming is completed, opens air compressor immediately, cold air makes shaping dies and plate with the speed of 3 DEG C/s
The Cooling Quenching to plate is completed in cooling.In quenching process, shaping dies carries out pressure maintaining to shaped sheet, and pressure is set as 50
Ton.
(5) natrual ageing: taking out shaped sheet, and shaped sheet is placed 4 days progress natrual ageing at room temperature, thus
To required part.
Drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm × 70mm that the present embodiment is processed, precision reach ± 0.2mm；
Height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, each dimensional accuracy are reached for ± 0.1mm.Aluminium alloy drip molding is T4
State.The drip molding that the present embodiment is processed is carried out to cut sample tension test analysis, yield strength reaches 250MPa or more, resists
Tensile strength reaches 400MPa or more.
Embodiment six
The 2A12 duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy plate thickness that the present embodiment uses is 2mm, drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm
× 70mm, required precision ± 0.2mm, height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, required precision is ±
0.1mm.Aluminium alloy drip molding is T4 state, yield strength 250MPa, tensile strength 400MPa or more.Specifically press following processing step
It carries out:
(1) carry out planar development: according to aluminium alloy plate shape relative position, designing plate thickness needed for hot forming is
2mm, board dimension are 114mm × 70mm.Polishing and pickling are carried out to plate, smear lubricant.
(2) shaping dies is designed:, be according to aluminum alloy plate materials part most when designing and producing aluminium alloy plate hot forming mold
Whole size amplifies processing, and amplification coefficient is chosen for 7 ‰.The cool air hose and air compressor of cooling device are installed, wherein institute
The outlet for stating cool air hose is directed at the cavity positions of the lower die.
(3) plate of step 1 design preparation plate hot forming and Cooling Quenching: is heated to 500 DEG C.Step 2
The shaping dies of preparation is positioned and is mounted on hot-embossing equipment.The type that plate is mounted on lower die is intracavitary, is situated between using gas
The load of matter flexibility, on-load pressure 100MPa, plate shapes in hot forming mold, and gas-loaded while opens air pressure
Contracting machine, cold air make shaping dies cool down rapidly with plate, complete the Cooling Quenching to plate.Until molding is completely, i.e. plate
Hot forming finishes.
(4) hot forming is completed, opens air compressor immediately, cold air makes shaping dies and plate with the speed of 3 DEG C/s
The Cooling Quenching to plate is completed in cooling.In quenching process, shaping dies carries out pressure maintaining to shaped sheet, and pressure is set as 50
Ton.
(5) natrual ageing: taking out shaped sheet, and shaped sheet is placed on 5 in the incubator of setting at a certain temperature
~20 hours carry out ageing treatment, to obtain required part.
Drawing and forming part outer dimension lower end surface 70mm × 70mm that the present embodiment is processed, precision reach ± 0.2mm；
Height 15mm, the long 10mm in upper surface, fillet center line R3, precision are reached for ± 0.1mm.Aluminium alloy drip molding is T4 state.It is right
The drip molding that the present embodiment is processed has carried out cutting sample tension test analysis, and yield strength reaches 250MPa or more, and tension is strong
Degree reaches 400MPa or more.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the present invention, any this field skill
Art personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification, therefore, guarantor of the invention
Shield range should be subject to the range that the claims in the present invention are defined.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming, which is characterized in that including to sheet alloy shaped with
Lower step:
Step 1: shaping dies is mounted in the rack of hot-embossing equipment；
Step 2: taking out the plate after the plate is heated to hardening heat in heating furnace, it is fixed on the finishing die
In tool；
Step 3: open the hot-embossing equipment, hot forming is carried out to the plate using the shaping dies, to it is described at
Shape mold molds completely, and hot forming is completed；
Step 4: being completed to hot forming, the shaping dies and the shaped sheet are carried out using cooling device immediately cold
But, it controls the temperature of the shaped sheet and room temperature is dropped to the speed of 2~3 DEG C/s, to be quenched；In quenching process, benefit
With the shaping dies to the shaped sheet pressure maintaining；
Step 5: opening the shaping dies, shaped sheet is taken out, ageing treatment is carried out to the shaped sheet.
2. the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the shaping dies includes upper
Mould and lower die.
3. the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step 3, utilize
The shaping dies to the plate carry out it is hot formed during, speed that the upper mold move to the lower die for 50~
200mm/s。
4. the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that under the shaping dies has
Mould carries out flexible load using gas medium.
5. the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that in the step 3, utilize
During the shaping dies is hot formed to plate progress, the on-load pressure of the gas medium is 0.1~100MPa.
6. the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid three, the cooling device includes sink, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe and supply equipment, and the sink is formed in the lower die
Portion, and be located on rear side of the type chamber of the lower die, the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe run through the lower die, are connected to the water
Inlet valve is provided on the connection water route of slot, the supply equipment and the water inlet pipe；By the aperture for adjusting the inlet valve
To adjust the water intake velocity of the sink, and then the decrease speed of the temperature of the control plate.
7. the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid three, the cooling device includes cool air hose and air compressor, wherein the outlet of the cool air hose is directed at the lower die
Cavity positions；The decrease speed of the temperature of the plate is controlled by adjusting the wind-force of the air compressor.
8. the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the step
Before rapid one, also execution following steps: according to the part developed dimension prefabricated panels that need to be shaped, to the plate carry out polishing and
Lubricant is smeared in pickling；According to the drag chamber of shaping dies described in the part shape and profile arrangement that need to shape,
In, for the cavity dimension of the lower die relative to the spare part outside measurement amplification that need to be shaped, amplification quantity is the External Shape that need to be shaped
The 3 ‰ of size~7 ‰, further according to the lower die cavity design upper mold.
9. the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that also right in the step 1
The shaping dies is preheated, and heating temperature is 100~200 DEG C lower than the hardening heat of the plate.
10. the quenching integrated manufacturing process of thermoforming as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 5, to institute
It states shaped sheet and carries out ageing treatment, detailed process includes: to place the shaped sheet to carry out certainly within 3~4 days at room temperature
Right ageing treatment, or it is placed on 5~20 hours progress ageing treatments in the incubator of setting at a certain temperature.
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| CN112453096A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-03-09 | 重庆至信实业集团有限公司 | Processing technology and equipment for sheet with different thicknesses |
| WO2021121343A1 (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-24 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | 7xxx series aluminum alloy or plate, manufacturing method therefor, processing method therefor, and application thereof |
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| CN108994135B (en) | 2020-01-21 |
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