CN106583543A - Thermal formation method of component with complex shape through martensitic steel board - Google Patents
Thermal formation method of component with complex shape through martensitic steel board Download PDFInfo
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- CN106583543A CN106583543A CN201611217511.4A CN201611217511A CN106583543A CN 106583543 A CN106583543 A CN 106583543A CN 201611217511 A CN201611217511 A CN 201611217511A CN 106583543 A CN106583543 A CN 106583543A
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- martensite
- steel sheet
- component
- sheet material
- martensite steel
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal formation method of a component with complex shape through a martensitic steel board, and belongs to the field of advanced manufacturing and plastic formation of metal. The thermal formation method comprises the following steps: heating a martensitic steel sheet to reach the temperature of 930 to 950 DEG C in order to realize austenitizing; placing the austenitized steel sheet in a pneumatic formatting device; closing a die, and applying a certain die closing force; performing pulse pneumatic loading formation on the surface of the steel sheet until the surface of the steel sheet clings to a concave die so as to obtain the component with the complex shape; quickly quenching the component through a cooling system which is integrated with the die, so as to completely convert austenite into martensite; and performing laser hole punching and side cutting on the formed component so as to obtain the final martensite component. With the adoption of the thermal formation method, the problem of formation of the component with complex shape through an ultrahigh-strength martensite steel sheet can be effectively solved; the conversion rate of a martensite structure in the component can be further increased; the manufacturing cost of martensite steel can be decreased; and the thermal formation method is high in formation efficiency and high in engineering application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the pulsation air pressure of metal forming technical field, more particularly to super-strength martensitic steel sheet material
Manufacturing process.
Background technology
Under structure loss of weight and lightweight background, the field such as aviation, automobile and track traffic is all to the structure design of material
And performance is put forward higher requirement.On the one hand require that material has higher specific strength, specific stiffness；On the other hand, it is desirable to can
The integral forming of complicated shape is realized, to meet the further loss of weight of functionalized design requirement and structure.
Martensite steel is a kind of unimach based on martensitic structure, and its tensile strength is up to 1500MPa
, there is urgent application demand in fields such as aviation, automobiles in a kind of high performance structures material for receiving much concern in recent years.However,
The application of high-strength steel sheet brings a series of new challenges to the figuration manufacture of existing steel class component.Compared with general steel plate,
High-strength steel sheet has higher yield stress and tensile strength, and hardenability value, the coefficient of normal anisortopy and elongation percentage are relatively low,
Forming property is poor, and springback capacity is difficult to control to greatly, is easily broken.Especially after the intensity of martensite steel is more than 1500MPa, mesh
Front cold forming process cannot almost complete its figuration manufacture.
Martensite steel drop stamping technology is that martensite steel heating is allowed to austenitizing, and subsequently sending into the plate of red heat has
It is stamping in the mould of cooling system, while by the mould Cooling Quenching with Quick uniform cooling system, steel plate tissue by
Austenite is transformed into martensite, the method so as to obtain unimach board member.However, drop stamping technique needs die, convex
The assembling die of mould, and mould loss is big under high temperature, die cost is high；Meanwhile, plastic deformation is carried out to sheet material by rigid mould
When, it is easily caused the failure behaviours such as rupture, it is impossible to increasingly complex shape is shaped, especially in the presence of the component of punching press negative angle；Not only
Although thus, the optimization design for passing through mold cooling system, is still extremely difficult to quick, the uniform hardening of martensite steel, geneva
Body number turnover is low.
The content of the invention
Based on above research background, the present invention proposes to adopt to be carried out at high temperature after pulsation gas pressure compacting soon to martensite steel
The method manufacture super-strength martensitic steel complicated shape of speed quenching, on the one hand, air pressure-loading form replaces tradition by pulsing
Punch in drop stamping, can effectively improve the forming limit of material, using the advantage of flexible media, solve have the negative component of punching press
A forming technique difficult problem；On the other hand, developed using pulsation air pressure-loading process " plus-unloading " dislocation, because common air pressure
After being disposable pressurization, pressure be always maintained at it is constant, until shaping is finished；Pulsation loading is characterized in that and adds pressure, horse back
By discharge degree, in plus-pressure, then unload, be pressurization, a circulation for release；Strain induced martensite phase transformation, improves horse after quenching
Family name's body transformation amount, improves the strength of materials.The fields such as Aero-Space, automobile and track traffic can be met multiple to High-performance martensitic steel
The manufacture demand of miscellaneous component is a kind of low cost and is applied to the big martensite steel sheet material complexity of all kinds of complex structures, deflection
Shape formable and organization optimization method.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Punching：Martensite steel sheet material is selected, by processing request size is punched；
2）Austenitizing：The martensite steel sheet material being punched is heated under nitrogen protection 930 DEG C -950 DEG C so as to austenite
Change；
3）Gas pressure compacting：The steel plate of austenitizing is placed in gas pressure compacting device, Guan Bi mould simultaneously applies certain matched moulds
Power, the KN -300KN of mold clamping force magnitude range 50 carry out air pressure-loading shaping complex component of pulsing to surface of steel plate；
Pulsation air pressure is exactly by the pneumatic control system, under certain pressure amplitude and frequency, output pressure of pulsing；
4）Martensite：By the cooling system integrated with mould, rapid quenching is carried out to component, be fully converted into austenite
Martensite；
5）Bead；
5）Cutting, punching.
Preferably, it is characterized in that：The step（2）In heat time heating time be 50s-300s.
Preferably, the step（3）Applied in air pressure, its frequency is 50n/min-150n/min, and amplitude is
5MPa-30MPa。
Preferably, the step（4）In rapid quenching, its cooldown rate be 60 DEG C/s-100 DEG C/s.
Preferably, the step 4）In bead, selected bullet is cast steel ball or ceramic pellet.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1. the punch loading during the present invention replaces tradition hot press-formed using pulsation air pressure-loading, on the one hand can further improve
The forming limit of high strength martensitic steel, obtains more complicated shape face；On the other hand, air pressure is capable of achieving tool as flexible media
There is the once-forming of punching press negative angle component.Effectively solving martensite steel complex component, particularly with punching press negative angle component into
Shape is manufactured.
2. the present invention will pulse gas pressure compacting in combination with rapid quenching, using pulsation air pressure-loading process " plus-unloading "
Dislocation is developed, and strain induced martensite phase transformation, more simple rapid quenching is remarkably improved the number turnover of martensitic structure, improves
Component strength
3. the rigid punch that the present invention replaces needed for traditional drop stamping using air pressure medium, eliminate the design of punch, processing and
The work such as reparation, effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of martensite steel, and forming efficiency is high, with higher engineering application value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the die assembly schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the process chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the formed parts shape graph of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the formed parts shape graph of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 5 is the formed parts shape graph of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
In Fig. 1,1- atmospheric pressure cavities, 2- martensite steel slabs, 3- forcing press control devices, 4- water-cooled pipelines, 5- dies, 6- arteries and veins
Take offence pressure control system, 7- rapid quenching control systems.
Specific embodiment
In order that one of ordinary skill in the art is better understood on technical scheme, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and
Embodiment is further described to technical scheme.
Embodiment one：Referring to the drawings shown in 1,2,3, a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components,
Comprise the following steps：
1）Punching：0.8mm thickness 40CrNiMo are selected without coating martensite steel sheet material, and is punched to 500mm × 300mm；
2）Austenitizing：930 DEG C are mixed and heated to by 4 subregions electricity, gas, are protected using nitrogen, insulation 60s makes slab austenite
Change；
The present invention is using the advantage of electric hybrid heating：Gas heating cost is low, and temperature control is inaccurate；Electrical heating high cost, but
Temperature control is accurate, because temperature is very crucial to the Forming Quality of austenite, therefore, the present invention adopts the electric Hybrid Heating side of multi partition
Method；By subregion, in front portion, gas heating makes material quickly heat, more energy-conservation；Rear portion electrical heating precise control sheet material
Heating-up temperature, ensures the quality of production, and subregion is more, and energy-saving effect is made an appointment, therefore the planning of 4 subregions is the most reasonable；
3）Gas pressure compacting：The 40CrNiMo steel plates of austenitizing are placed in gas pressure compacting device, Guan Bi mould simultaneously applies to close
Mould power, the KN -300KN of mold clamping force magnitude range 50, control slab does not carry out feed supplement in forming process；
Gas pressure compacting device is typically made up of clamping pressure machine, die, air pressure and cooling control system；
The steel plate of austenitizing is placed in gas pressure compacting device by mechanical hand, by forcing press control device 3 and conjunction
Die device to martensite steel slab matched moulds, by the pulsation pneumatic control system 6 in Fig. 1, to martensite steel plate in atmospheric pressure cavity 1
Base 2 carries out the pulsation air pressure-loading of certain amplitude and frequency, makes martensite steel slab 2 finally be labelled to the surface of die 5 completely, into
Middle rapid quenching control system 7 coordinates water-cooled pipeline 4 to cool and solidify profiled member after type, obtains martensite steel component；
Control board briquette carries out pulsation air pressure-loading when being not less than 750 DEG C to upper surface of steel plate, from amplitude 5MPa, frequency
100n/min to steel plate pastes completely mould, and pressurize 5s；
4）Martensite：Steel plate is quenched by the water cooling plant system in die, rate of cooling is controlled in 80 DEG C/s or so；
5）Bead：100% coverage rate bead is carried out by cast steel ball to component formed thereby, is going removing oxide layer same
When its surface is had more than 50MPa compressive stress layers；
5）Cutting, punching：Trimming, punching are carried out to formed parts using Water Cutting, the final component of martensite steel, such as Fig. 3 is obtained
It is shown.
Embodiment two：Referring to the drawings shown in 1,2,4, a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components,
Comprise the following steps：
1）Punching：Select 1.5mm thickness 30CrMnSiNi2A simultaneously with zinc-nickel coating martensite steel plate, be punched to 600mm ×
200mm；
2）Austenitizing：940 DEG C are mixed and heated to by 6 subregions electricity, gas, are protected using nitrogen, insulation 200s makes slab Ovshinsky
Body；
3）Gas pressure compacting：The 30CrMnSiNi2A steel plates of austenitizing are placed in gas pressure compacting device, Guan Bi mould is simultaneously applied
Plus mold clamping force, the KN -300KN of mold clamping force magnitude range 50, control slab can the part feed supplement in forming process；
Control board briquette carries out pulsation air pressure-loading when being not less than 720 DEG C to upper surface of steel plate, from amplitude 10MPa, frequency
150n/min to steel plate pastes completely mould, and pressurize 6s；
4）Martensite：Steel plate is quenched by the water cooling plant system in die, rate of cooling control is left in 100 DEG C/s
It is right；
5）Cutting, punching：Trimming, punching are carried out to formed parts using cut, the final component of martensite steel is obtained, is such as schemed
Shown in 4.
Embodiment three：Referring to the drawings shown in 1,2,5, a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components,
Comprise the following steps：
1）Punching：Select the 1mm thickness 22MnB5 simultaneously martensite steel sheet materials with aluminum-silicon cladding, and be punched to 700mm ×
500mm；
2）Austenitizing：950 DEG C are mixed and heated to by 6 subregions electricity, gas, are protected using nitrogen, insulation 150s makes slab Ovshinsky
Body；
3）Gas pressure compacting：The 22MnB5 steel plates of austenitizing are placed in gas pressure compacting device, Guan Bi mould simultaneously applies matched moulds
Power, the KN -300KN of mold clamping force magnitude range 50, control slab can feed supplement completely in forming process；
Control board briquette carries out pulsation air pressure-loading when being not less than 750 DEG C to upper surface of steel plate, from amplitude 30MPa, frequency
50n/min to steel plate pastes completely mould, and pressurize 10s；
4）Martensite：Steel plate is quenched by the water cooling plant system in die, rate of cooling is controlled in 60 DEG C/s or so；
5）Cutting, punching：Trimming is carried out to formed parts using cut, the final component of martensite steel is obtained, such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show.
Ultimate principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Change and improvement is both fallen within scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Punching：Martensite steel sheet material is selected, by processing request size is punched；
2）Austenitizing：The martensite steel sheet material being punched is heated under nitrogen protection 930 DEG C -950 DEG C so as to austenite
Change；
3）Gas pressure compacting：The steel plate of austenitizing is put in gas pressure compacting device, Guan Bi mould simultaneously applies certain mold clamping force,
KN-the 300KN of mold clamping force magnitude range 50, air pressure-loading of entering to pulse to surface of steel plate shaping complex component；
4）Martensite：By the cooling system integrated with mould, rapid quenching is carried out to component, be fully converted into austenite
Martensite；
5）Cutting, punching.
2. the thermo shaping method of a kind of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The step（2）In heat time heating time be 50s-300s.
3. the thermo shaping method of a kind of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The step（3）Applied in air pressure, its frequency be 50n/min-150n/min, amplitude is 5MPa-30MPa.
4. the thermo shaping method of a kind of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The step（4）In rapid quenching, its cooldown rate be 60 DEG C/s-100 DEG C/s.
5. the thermo shaping method of a kind of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The step 4）In bead, selected bullet is cast steel ball or ceramic pellet.
6. the thermo shaping method of a kind of martensite steel sheet material complex shaped components according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
To the martensite steel component without coating, in step（5）Also need to carry out bead before to remove removing oxide layer, by shot-blast process
Design, is removing removing oxide layer simultaneously, makes component surface have the compressive stress layer for improving fatigue behaviour.
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| CN201611217511.4A CN106583543B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | A kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107030235A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-11 | 华侨大学 | Composite molding technique is forged in a kind of punching press |
| CN107597966A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-01-19 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of pneumatic hot forming process for quenching of unimach complex component and device |
| CN107824678A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-23 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of stamping module method of heating of martensite steel component without transfer |
| CN109317529A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-02-12 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of quick forming method and forming device of martensite steel composite construction |
| CN109731980A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-10 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of high temperature air pressure bulging device of the non-closure of high-strength steel |
| CN111229905A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-06-05 | 安徽工业大学 | Hot stamping and quenching integrated processing method based on hydraulic forming device |
| CN114619211A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-14 | 天津恒兴机械设备有限公司 | Thermal forming processing technology for front pillar plate |
Family Cites Families (5)
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| UA72357A1 (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 2005-02-15 | Mykola Fedorovych Savchenko | Device for gas detonation forming |
| US5749254A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1998-05-12 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Air bearing assist in pneumatic forming of thin foil materials |
| DE10019594A1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for pressing sheet metal has a hydromechanical press with pulse generators for producing localised pressure peaks for fine press detail |
| CN105710256B (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-08-11 | 燕山大学 | A kind of manufacturing process of bullet train aluminum alloy wallboard |
| CN106238552B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-06-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-duty pulsatile impact hydraulic forming method |
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2016
- 2016-12-26 CN CN201611217511.4A patent/CN106583543B/en active Active
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107030235A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-11 | 华侨大学 | Composite molding technique is forged in a kind of punching press |
| CN107597966A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-01-19 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of pneumatic hot forming process for quenching of unimach complex component and device |
| CN107824678A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-23 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of stamping module method of heating of martensite steel component without transfer |
| CN107597966B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-12 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of pneumatic hot forming process for quenching of unimach complex component |
| CN109317529A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-02-12 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of quick forming method and forming device of martensite steel composite construction |
| CN109317529B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2020-12-25 | 南京工程学院 | Rapid forming method and forming device for martensitic steel composite structure |
| CN109731980A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-10 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of high temperature air pressure bulging device of the non-closure of high-strength steel |
| CN111229905A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-06-05 | 安徽工业大学 | Hot stamping and quenching integrated processing method based on hydraulic forming device |
| CN111229905B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-06-11 | 安徽工业大学 | Hot stamping and quenching integrated processing method based on hydraulic forming device |
| CN114619211A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-14 | 天津恒兴机械设备有限公司 | Thermal forming processing technology for front pillar plate |
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