CN108931431A - A kind of consolidation apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of consolidation apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN108931431A CN108931431A CN201810872169.4A CN201810872169A CN108931431A CN 108931431 A CN108931431 A CN 108931431A CN 201810872169 A CN201810872169 A CN 201810872169A CN 108931431 A CN108931431 A CN 108931431A
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- sample
- strut
- consolidation
- measurement
- cutting ring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/062—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with mechanical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0605—Mechanical indicating, recording or sensing means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of consolidation apparatus, comprising: is used to prepare the sliceable cutting ring component of the sample of different height；For placing the consolidation container that the sliceable cutting ring component of sample is housed；Loading strut set on the two sides of consolidation container, the height of loading strut is adjustable；The increased pressure beam being connected with the top of loading strut；It is connected with increased pressure beam, for the polishing head of the top center pressure to sample；It is contacted with the top of polishing head, the dial gauge of compressive deformation amount for measuring sample, dial gauge is connected with telescopic measurement strut, and measurement strut is arranged in parallel with loading strut；For acquiring the hole pressure measuring device of the pore water pressure force value of sample.The consolidation apparatus can carry out one-dimensional K to the sample of different height0Therefore lateral confinement consolidation test can measure the consolidation deformation amount of different height sample, so as to obtain the compression parameters for more meeting the practical settlement calculation of ground in engineering practice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnical engineering technical field of experiment equipment, more specifically to a kind of consolidation apparatus.
Background technique
In geotechnical engineering theoretical research and engineering practice, it usually needs carry out settlement of foundation calculating.
Under external load function, the hole water and air in foundation soil body can dribble, and effective stress increases, soil body body
Product will be gradually by densification, and ground settles.In the prior art, K is generallyd use0Consolidation apparatus carrys out the soil to indoor routine 2cm high
Sample carries out one-dimensional K0Then lateral confinement consolidation test is gone pre- with obtaining the compression parameters of settlement of foundation calculating using the compression parameters
Survey the practical settling amount of ground in field engineering.
However, the deformation due to the soil body is made of consolidation deformation and deformation of creep two parts, traditional calculation method is
Artificially consolidation deformation and the deformation of creep are separated, and think that the deformation of creep just occurs after soil body primary consolidation is completed, but study table
Bright, the consolidation effect of the soil body and creep effect influence each other, interact in Practical Project, and the two has codetermined ground
Sedimentation.In fact, the deformation of creep was just occurred in the primary consolidation stage, and with the increase of soil sample height, the master of the soil body
Consolidation time is elongated, and the secondary consolidation deformation amount in primary consolidation stage is consequently increased.Document " Kabbaj M, Tavenas F,
Leroueil S.In situ and laboratory stress-strain relationships[J]
.Geotechnique, 1988,38 (1): to the analytical table of the stress of four Practical Projects, strain monitoring data in 83-100 "
Bright, the deflection of actual monitoring is more much larger than calculated value.That is, using the one-dimensional K based on indoor routine 2cm high soil sample0
The compression parameters that lateral confinement consolidation test obtains go the practical settling amount for calculating ground in field engineering that will underestimate the reality of the soil body significantly
Border settling amount.
In conclusion how to provide a kind of one-dimensional K that can carry out different height sample0The consolidation apparatus of lateral confinement consolidation test,
It is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the consolidation apparatus can carry out the sample of different height the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of consolidation apparatus
One-dimensional K0Lateral confinement consolidation test can obtain the compression parameters for more meeting the practical settlement calculation of ground in engineering practice.
To achieve the goals above, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of consolidation apparatus, comprising:
It is used to prepare the sliceable cutting ring component of the sample of different height；
For placing the consolidation container that the sliceable cutting ring component of the sample is housed；
The height of loading strut set on the two sides of the consolidation container, the loading strut is adjustable；
The increased pressure beam being connected with the top of the loading strut；
It is connected with the increased pressure beam, for the polishing head of the top center pressure to the sample；
It is contacted with the top of the polishing head, the dial gauge of compressive deformation amount for measuring the sample, the percentage
Table is connected with telescopic measurement strut, and the measurement strut is arranged in parallel with the loading strut；
For acquiring the hole pressure measuring device of the pore water pressure force value of the sample.
Preferably, the loading strut includes the second strut of the first strut and at least one, the top of first strut
It is connected with the increased pressure beam, the bottom end of first strut is threadedly coupled with second strut, when second strut is
At at least two, adjacent two second struts are threadedly coupled.
Preferably, the measurement strut includes the measurement interior bar for measuring outer bar and being sheathed in the measurement outer bar, described
The periphery of measurement interior bar is equipped with the positioning pin for the fixation position that several are used to adjust the measurement interior bar, the measurement outer bar
Side wall is equipped with a location hole for positioning with any one of detent fit.
Preferably, the dial gauge is connected by percentage table folder with the measurement strut, and the dial gauge collet is set to institute
It states in measurement interior bar, the percentage table folder is equipped with H-type groove, the measurement of the dial gauge along the direction perpendicular to the measurement strut
Bar is equipped with the H-type sliding block that can be slided along the H-type groove, and the dial gauge is folded with for the dial gauge is clamping due to institute
State the first bolt hole in measurement interior bar and for cooperating the second bolt to make the H-type groove contraction to clamp the H-type sliding block
Second bolt hole.
Preferably, the polishing head include the pressurization bolt head being connected with the increased pressure beam and with the pressurization bolt head
The bottom of the screw thread outer tube of threaded connection, the screw thread outer tube is embedded in the top groove of the pressurization upper cover at the top of the sample,
The top of the pressurization bolt head is contacted with the measuring head of the dial gauge bottom.
Preferably, the sliceable cutting ring component includes sliceable at least two for cutting or inserting the sample
Cutting ring is bonded the cutting ring retaining collar being set with the outer wall of the spliced cutting ring and for the cutting ring retaining collar is tight
Solid fastener.
Preferably, the cutting ring retaining collar includes symmetrically arranged along plane where the axis of the cutting ring retaining collar
First valve lantern ring and the second valve lantern ring, the first valve lantern ring and the second valve lantern ring are interlocked.
Preferably, the fastener includes:
For fastening the retaining ring sole plate of the bottom periphery of the cutting ring retaining collar；
For fastening at least one the sliceable shield of the cutting ring retaining collar along the middle part of short transverse periphery below
Ring；
For fastening the hose clamp of the top peripheral of the cutting ring retaining collar.
Preferably, when the sliceable retaining ring is at least two, the retaining ring sole plate and the described of the bottom can
Splice retaining ring bumps to be fitting to connection, the two neighboring sliceable retaining ring bumps are fitting to connection.
Preferably, the hole pressure measuring device includes drainage pipeline and sensor for pore water pressure, and one end of the drainage pipeline is passed through
It wears waterproof gasket to be connected to the permeable stone above the sample, the other end is connected to the sensor for pore water pressure, and the pore pressure passes
Sensor is connected with data collecting instrument.
Consolidation apparatus provided by the invention, in use, the sample of different height is prepared using sliceable cutting ring component, and according to
The height of the height adjustment loading strut of sample, makes loading strut can adapt to the sample of different height, then sample will be housed
Sliceable cutting ring component be put into consolidation container, dial gauge is elevated to by corresponding position by flexible measurement strut, makes dial gauge
It is contacted at the top of the measuring head of bottom and polishing head, by making the bottom of polishing head in the top of sample increased pressure beam pressure
Heart pressure.During the test, dial gauge can measure the compressive deformation amount of sample, and hole pressure measuring device can acquire the hole of sample
Hydraulic pressure force value.The consolidation apparatus can carry out one-dimensional K to the sample of different height0Therefore lateral confinement consolidation test can measure different height
The consolidation deformation amount of sample is spent, so as to obtain the compression parameters for more meeting the practical settlement calculation of ground in engineering practice.Institute
The test result obtained can study influence of the specimen height to soil body compression property, the phase of quantitative analysis consolidation effect and creep effect
Interaction mechanism.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of consolidation apparatus specific embodiment provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of dial gauge in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of percentage table folder in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of pressurization bolt head in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of screw thread outer tube in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is each spliced schematic diagram of cutting ring in Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of cutting ring retaining collar in Fig. 1；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of hose clamp in Fig. 1；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of retaining ring sole plate in Fig. 1；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of sliceable retaining ring in Fig. 1；
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram that strut is measured in Fig. 1；
Figure 12 is structural schematic diagram when loading strut does not splice in Fig. 1；
Figure 13 is that one group of height is respectively ε-lgt curve graph of the sample of 2cm, 10cm and 20cm under 100kPa load；
Figure 14 is that one group of height is respectively ε-lgt curve graph of the sample of 2cm, 10cm and 20cm under 200kPa load.
Fig. 1 appended drawing reference into Figure 12 is as follows:
1 is sliceable cutting ring component, 11 be cutting ring, 12 be cutting ring retaining collar, 121 be the first valve lantern ring, 122 be second
Valve lantern ring, 13 be retaining ring sole plate, 14 be sliceable retaining ring, 15 be hose clamp, 2 be loading strut, 21 be the first strut, 22 be
Second strut, 3 be polishing head, 31 be pressurization bolt head, 32 be screw thread outer tube, 4 be dial gauge, 41 be percentage table folder, 42 be H-type
Slot, 43 be H-type sliding block, 44 be the first bolt hole, 45 be the second bolt hole, 5 be measurement strut, 51 be measurement outer bar, 52 be survey
Amount interior bar, 53 be positioning pin, 6 be hole pressure measuring device, 61 be drainage pipeline, 62 be sensor for pore water pressure, 63 be data collecting instrument,
7 it is increased pressure beam, 8 be pressurization upper cover, 9 is lead ring.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Core of the invention is to provide a kind of consolidation apparatus, which can carry out one-dimensional K to the sample of different height0Lateral confinement
Consolidation test can obtain the compression parameters for more meeting the practical settlement calculation of ground in engineering practice.
Fig. 1-Figure 12 is please referred to, Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of consolidation apparatus specific embodiment provided by the present invention；Fig. 2 is
The schematic diagram of dial gauge；Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of percentage table folder；Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of pressurization bolt head；Fig. 5 is
The structural schematic diagram of screw thread outer tube；Fig. 6 is the spliced schematic diagram of each cutting ring；Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of cutting ring retaining collar；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of hose clamp；Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of retaining ring sole plate；Figure 10 is that the structure of sliceable retaining ring is shown
It is intended to；Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram for measuring strut；Figure 12 is structural schematic diagram when loading strut does not splice.
The present invention provides a kind of consolidation apparatus, including sliceable cutting ring component 1, consolidation container, loading strut 2, increased pressure beam
7, polishing head 3, dial gauge 4 and hole pressure measuring device 6 etc., loading strut 2 and increased pressure beam 7 form the increased pressure frame of consolidation apparatus,
Sliceable cutting ring component 1 is used to prepare the sample of different height, and after the completion of sample preparation, the sliceable cutting ring group of sample will be housed
Part 1 is placed in consolidation container, to carry out consolidation test to sample.
It is understood that consolidation container is the accommodation groove for sliceable cutting ring component 1 to be arranged, it is preferable that in use,
The bottom periphery of sliceable cutting ring component 1 is placed in the accommodation groove, which plays bottom branch to sliceable cutting ring component 1
The effect of support and side limit.
In order to different height sample carry out consolidation test, the present invention by height-adjustable loading strut 2 come
The height of increased pressure frame is adjusted, to place the sample of different height.When the sample to different height carries out consolidation test, only need
Loading strut 2 is adjusted to corresponding height.Preferably, the number of loading strut 2 is two, and two loading struts 2 divide
The opposite two sides of consolidation container are not set, and top and the increased pressure beam 7 of loading strut 2 are vertically connected, to pass through increased pressure beam 7
Pressure is applied to sample.
In order to ensure the compressive deformation amount of sample entirety is more balanced, increased pressure beam 7 is connected with polishing head 3, and polishing head 3 is used for
Pressure is applied to the top center of sample, that is, the pressure being applied on increased pressure beam 7 is transferred to sample by polishing head 3
At top center, make the top center stress of sample, under the pressure effect of polishing head 3, sample integrally generates vertical displacement.It is excellent
Selection of land, sample top are equipped with pressurization upper cover 8, and the top center for upper cover 8 of pressurizeing is conllinear with sample center, and the bottom of polishing head 3 is embedding
Enter to pressurize upper cover 8 top center at groove in, that is, polishing head 3 by pressurization upper cover 8 to sample apply pressure, make to try
Sample stress is more evenly.
It is understood that the present invention measures the compressive deformation amount of sample by dial gauge 4, in use, dial gauge 4
Bottom measuring head is contacted with the top of polishing head 3, to measure the compressive deformation of sample by the vertical displacement for measuring polishing head 3
Amount.
Dial gauge 4 is fixed on measurement strut 5, since the height of loading strut 2 is adjustable, in order to adapt to different height
The sample of degree, measurement strut 5 is scalable, to pass through the flexible by the lifting of dial gauge 4 to corresponding height position of measurement strut 5
It sets, contacts the measuring head of the bottom of dial gauge 4 and the top of polishing head 3.
Preferably, dial gauge 4 is connected with vertical displacement sensor, and vertical displacement sensor is connected with data collecting instrument 63,
With the vertical deformation of sample in automatic collection test overall process.
Hole pressure measuring device 6 is used to acquire the pore water pressure force value of sample in test overall process, to judge whether sample is led
Consolidation is completed.
In conclusion consolidation apparatus provided by the invention, in use, preparing different height using sliceable cutting ring component 1
Sample, and according to the height of the height of sample adjustment loading strut 2, so that loading strut 2 is can adapt to the sample of different height, so
The sliceable cutting ring component 1 equipped with sample is put into consolidation container afterwards, dial gauge 4 is elevated to by phase by flexible measurement strut 5
Position is answered, dial gauge 4 and the top of polishing head 3 are contacted, by making the bottom of polishing head 3 to sample the pressure of increased pressure beam 7
Top center pressure.During the test, dial gauge 4 can measure the compressive deformation amount of sample, and hole pressure measuring device 6 can acquire
The pore water pressure force value of sample.The consolidation apparatus can carry out one-dimensional K to the sample of different height0Lateral confinement consolidation test therefore can
The consolidation deformation amount of different height sample is measured, so as to obtain the pressure for more meeting the practical settlement calculation of ground in engineering practice
Contracting parameter.Resulting test result can study influence of the specimen height to soil body compression property, quantitative analysis consolidation effect with it is compacted
The interaction mechanism of change effect.
In view of the height-adjustable specific implementation of loading strut 2, on the basis of above-described embodiment, loading strut
2 include sliceable the first strut 21 and the second strut of at least one 22, and the top of the first strut 21 is connected with increased pressure beam 7,
The bottom end of first strut 21 is threadedly coupled with the second strut 22, when the second strut 22 is at least two, adjacent two second
Bar 22 is threadedly coupled.
That is, the present embodiment is successively spliced by the second strut 22 of the first strut 21 and different number, to change
The length of the height of loading strut 2, the first strut 21 and the second strut 22 can be equal, can also be unequal.
Preferably, the both ends of the first strut 21 are equipped with external screw thread, and one end of the second strut 22 is equipped with internal screw thread, the other end
Equipped with external screw thread.When splicing, the external screw thread of 21 bottom end of the first strut is connect with the screw-internal thread fit on 22 top of the second strut, when
When two struts 22 are at least two, external screw thread and underlying second strut 22 of 22 bottom end of the second strut being located above
Screw-internal thread fit connects, in the support platform for screwing into consolidation apparatus of 22 bottom end of the second strut of bottom.First strut
The external screw thread on 21 tops is for fixing increased pressure beam 7, it is preferable that increased pressure beam 7 is located between two nuts, two nuts with
The external screw thread on 21 top of the first strut is cooperatively connected.
In order to guarantee loading strut 2 have enough bearing capacities, it is preferable that the first strut 21 be solid strut, second
Part of the strut 22 in addition to internal screw thread is solid hopkinson bar.
In view of measuring the telescopic specific implementation of strut 5, on the basis of above-described embodiment, strut 5 is measured
Including measurement outer bar 51 and the measurement interior bar 52 being sheathed in measurement outer bar 51, the periphery of measurement interior bar 52 is used for equipped with several
The positioning pin 53 of the fixation position of adjustment measurement interior bar 52, the side wall of measurement outer bar 51 are equipped with one and are used for and any one positioning
The location hole of the cooperation positioning of pin 53.
That is, the present embodiment realizes that measurement interior bar 52 and measurement are outer by the mating connection of positioning pin 53 and location hole
The fixation of bar 51, and by cooperating different positioning pin 53 and location hole, to change the fixation position of measurement interior bar 52, thus
Realize that measurement interior bar 52 is flexible in measurement outer bar 51.
In order to facilitate the fixation of measurement interior bar 52, it is preferable that the axis of all 53 place straight lines of positioning pin and measurement interior bar 52
Line is parallel.Further, all positioning pins 53 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of measurement interior bar 52.For example, the number of positioning pin 53 can
Think ten, ten positioning pins 53 are axially disposed on straight line along measurement interior bar 52, and two neighboring positioning pin 53 it
Between distance be 2cm.
In view of the smoothness problem that measurement interior bar 52 is stretched in measurement outer bar 51, measurement interior bar 52 and measurement outer bar 51
The both preferably rod-like element of stainless steel material.Measuring interior bar 52 is preferably hollow stem.
In order to guarantee dial gauge 4 can compressive deformation amount at precise measurement sample central point, in the base of above-described embodiment
On plinth, dial gauge 4 is connected by percentage table folder 41 with measurement strut 5, and percentage table folder 41 is sheathed in measurement interior bar 52, percentage
Table folder 41 is equipped with H-type groove 42 along the direction perpendicular to measurement strut 5, and the measuring rod of dial gauge 4 is equipped with and can slide along H-type groove 42
H-type sliding block 43, percentage table folder 41 be equipped with for by percentage table folder 41 be fixed on measurement interior bar 52 on 44 He of the first bolt hole
For cooperating the second bolt to shrink H-type groove 42 to clamp the second bolt hole 45 of H-type sliding block 43.
That is, the present embodiment by sliding of the H-type sliding block 43 in H-type groove 42, drive dial gauge 4 close to or far from
Strut 5 is measured, that is, dial gauge 4 can translate in the direction perpendicular to sample center line, is not existed with the center line in various sample
When one position, by driving dial gauge 4 to translate, the position of dial gauge 4 is adjusted, the measurement of the measuring rod bottom end of dial gauge 4 is made
The center of head registration coupon always, to measure the vertical displacement of sample central point.
In view of the fixed form of H-type sliding block 43 and the measuring rod of dial gauge 4, it is preferable that H-type sliding block 43 is sliding for steel
Block, H-type sliding block 43 and the measuring rod of dial gauge 4 are welded and fixed.
In view of the fixed form of percentage table folder 41, one end of percentage table folder 41 is equipped with mounting hole, the axis of the mounting hole
It is vertically arranged with the axis of the first bolt hole 44, and mounting hole is connected with the first bolt hole 44.Percentage table folder 41 passes through the peace
Dress hole is sheathed on the peripheral part of measurement interior bar 52, and the first bolt by being cooperatively connected with the first bolt hole 44 is by percentage table folder
41 is fixed with measurement interior bar 52, it is to be understood that when percentage table folder 41 is fixed, the end of the first bolt holds out against measurement interior bar 52
Peripheral part.In view of the fixation problem of the dial gauge 4 when the bottom end of the measuring rod of dial gauge 4 is aligned with the central point of sample,
Percentage table folder 41 is equipped with the second bolt hole 45, when the measuring head of measuring rod bottom end of dial gauge 4 is aligned with the central point of sample,
The second bolt by being arranged in the second bolt hole 45 keeps two cell walls of H-type groove 42 close to each other, to make the slot of H-type groove 42
Width narrows, that is, clamped H-type sliding block 43 by the contraction of H-type groove 42, to realize consolidating for dial gauge 4 and percentage table folder 41
It is fixed, keep dial gauge 4 constant along the position perpendicular to measurement 52 direction of interior bar.In order to guarantee when sample vertical deformation is larger
Polishing head 3 can contact always with sample, and on the basis of above-described embodiment, polishing head 3 includes being connected with increased pressure beam 7
Pressurization bolt head 31 and the screw thread outer tube 32 being threadedly coupled with pressurization bolt head 31, the bottom insertion sample top of screw thread outer tube 32
Pressurization upper cover 8 top groove in, the top of pressurization bolt head 31 is contacted with the measuring head of 4 bottom of dial gauge.
That is, the present embodiment can adjust polishing head by adjusting the screwing length of pressurization bolt head 31 and screw thread outer tube 32
3 with the distance between the pressurization upper cover 8 above sample, the bottom of polishing head 3 top with pressurization upper cover 8 always is guaranteed with this
Contact, so that it is guaranteed that polishing head 3 is to application pressure at the top of sample.
It should be noted that the length of pressurization bolt head 31 and screw thread outer tube 32 depends on drainage distance namely sample is high
Degree, specimen height is bigger, and drainage distance is bigger, and the decrement of sample is also bigger during test, then pressurization bolt head 31 and spiral shell
The length of line outer tube 32 should be longer.When the vertical deformation of sample is smaller, such as when testing 2cm high sample, it is not necessarily to
Using screw thread outer tube 32, pressurization bolt head 31 is only used, that is, the bottom of pressurization bolt head 31 is embedded in sample when test
In the top groove of the pressurization upper cover 8 at top, the top of pressurization bolt head 31 is contacted with the measuring head of 4 bottom of dial gauge.It can be with
Understand, the bottom shape of pressurization bolt head 31 is consistent with the bottom shape of screw thread outer tube 32.
In order to avoid getting rusty, pressurization bolt head 31 is stainless steel material pressurization bolt head 31, and screw thread outer tube 32 is stainless steel
Material screw thread outer tube 32.
In view of the realization of the specific structure of sliceable cutting ring component 1, on the basis of above-mentioned any one embodiment,
Sliceable cutting ring component 1 includes for cutting or inserting at least two sliceable cutting rings 11 of sample and spliced cutting ring
The cutting ring retaining collar 12 that 11 outer wall fitting is set with and the fastener for fastening cutting ring retaining collar 12.
It should be noted that directly cutting undisturbed soil sample using cutting ring 11 when sample is undisturbed soil sample；Work as sample
When for remoulded sample, then by the uniform filling cutting ring 11 of the remoulded sample layering of preparation.Preferably, 11 height of cutting ring is 2cm
Or 4cm.After single cutting ring 11 cuts or inserts sample, the splicing of at least two cutting rings 11 is structure as a whole by height as needed
, after multiple cutting rings 11 splice, increase specimen height.This can avoid directlying adopt ring when higher cutting ring 11 cuts undisturbed soil
Frictional resistance is big between knife 11 and soil sample, cutting ring 11 easily tilts, cuts the problems such as native difficulty, or remodeling is inserted directly into higher cutting ring 11
The problems such as soil sample fashionable dress sample is inconvenient, uneven.
It is understood that cutting ring retaining collar 12 is used to fix spliced cutting ring 11, to avoid each cutting ring 11 in diameter
Dislocation upwards, guarantees each 11 axis collinear of cutting ring, and the cross section of soil sample in cutting ring 11 is made to keep being overlapped.Fastener is used to close solid
Cutting ring retaining collar 12 and cutting ring 11 are determined, to avoid the run-off the straight in load-bearing deformation process of different height sample.
As a preferred embodiment, cutting ring 11 is stainless steel material cutting ring 11, and the inner diameter of cutting ring 11 is unified for
61.8mm, the height of cutting ring 11 include 20mm or 40mm.
Further, cutting ring retaining collar 12 is preferably stainless steel material cutting ring retaining collar 12, cutting ring retaining collar 12
Height include 100mm or 200mm.
Easy for installation when in order to use, on the basis of above-described embodiment, cutting ring retaining collar 12 includes solid along cutting ring
The symmetrically arranged first valve lantern ring 121 of plane where determining the axis of lantern ring 12 and the second valve lantern ring 122,121 He of the first valve lantern ring
Second valve lantern ring 122 is interlocked.
That is, in the present embodiment, cutting ring retaining collar 12 is divided to for two valves, when preparing sample, first by each cutting ring 11
The inner wall that outer wall is successively bonded the first valve lantern ring 121 is put into the inside of the first valve lantern ring 121, completes each cutting ring 11 in the first valve set
Assembly in ring 121, it is assembled after the completion by the second valve lantern ring 122 and or the close fastening of the first valve lantern ring 121.This structure
Cutting ring retaining collar 12 facilitate dress sample, give test tape come many conveniences.
In view of the realization of the specific structure of fastener, on the basis of above-described embodiment, fastener includes retaining ring base
Plinth pedestal 13, sliceable retaining ring 14 and hose clamp 15.Retaining ring sole plate 13 is used to fasten the bottom periphery of cutting ring retaining collar 12,
Sliceable retaining ring 14 avoids cutting ring from fixing for fastening cutting ring retaining collar 12 along the middle part of short transverse periphery below
Lantern ring 12 shakes, and hose clamp 15 is used to fasten the top peripheral of cutting ring retaining collar 12.Sliceable retaining ring 14, retaining ring sole plate 13
And hose clamp 15 is respectively intended to be tightly fastened the middle and lower part and top of cutting ring retaining collar 12, guarantees different height sample in load-bearing
Not run-off the straight in deformation process.
Preferably, hose clamp 15 is stainless steel material hose clamp 15, can rotate 15 tapered end of hose clamp by screwdriver and adjust hose clamp 15
Size, hose clamp 15 can closely two annulus knife retaining collar 12 of banding top.
In order to make to form close connection between each sliceable retaining ring 14, on the basis of above-described embodiment, when sliceable
When retaining ring 14 is at least two, the sliceable retaining ring 14 of retaining ring sole plate 13 and the bottom is concave-convex to be fitting to connection, two neighboring
Sliceable retaining ring 14 is concave-convex to be fitting to connection.
Preferably, retaining ring sole plate 13 is stainless steel material retaining ring sole plate 13, the top of retaining ring sole plate 13
Equipped with groove, the bottom of sliceable retaining ring 14 is equipped with boss, and the top of sliceable retaining ring 14 is equipped with groove, and sliceable retaining ring 14 pushes up
The groove at 13 top of the groove in portion and retaining ring sole plate is consistent, when splicing, the boss insertion of the sliceable retaining ring 14 of the bottom
In the groove of sole plate, the two passes through concave-convex chimeric clamping；The boss for the sliceable retaining ring 14 being located above is inserted into phase therewith
In the groove of the sliceable retaining ring 14 of adjacent lower section, concave-convex chimeric clamping is formed.That is, in the present embodiment, each sliceable shield
Ring 14 and retaining ring sole plate 13 are structure as a whole by concave-convex fitting connection, improve its fastening ability.
In view of the realization of the specific structure of hole pressure measuring device 6, on the basis of above-described embodiment, pore pressure measurement dress
Setting 6 includes drainage pipeline 61 and sensor for pore water pressure 62, one end of drainage pipeline 61 through waterproof gasket with it is saturating above sample
The connection of water stone, the other end are connected to sensor for pore water pressure 62, and sensor for pore water pressure 62 is connected with data collection system.Hole pressure measuring device
The 6 dissipation situation to measure compression sample pore water pressure during the test.
By taking a specific embodiment disclosed by the invention as an example, one that specimen height is 2cm, 10cm and 20cm is carried out respectively
Tie up K0Consolidation test, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: preparing sample: smearing vaseline in the inside of 2cm or 4cm high cutting ring 11, and prepare test soil sample.If needing
Undisturbed soil sample is prepared, then directly cuts original state test soil sample with cutting ring 11；If remoulded sample need to be prepared, successively the soil body is dried
The standard screen for doing, pulverizing and cross the aperture 0.5mm prepares sample according to moisture content needed for testing, and stands to be layered afterwards for 24 hours and uniformly fill out
Enter 2cm or 4cm cutting ring 11.The sample fixed placement prepared is subjected to vacuum saturation in saturator.
Step 2: debugging hole pressure measuring device 6: ball mouth will be directed at drainage pipeline 61 1 after rubber pumping balloon interior suction full water
End squeezes out the water in pumping balloon, fills entire drainage pipeline 61, and the air in drainage pipeline 61 is discharged.
Step 3: fixed cutting ring 11: sample being taken out after saturation, sample bottom permeable stone is sequentially placed on consolidation container
And sample bottom filter paper splices directly in consolidation container and fixes cutting ring 11 for convenience of sample is filled, and avoids the excessive cutting ring 11 of height
It is difficult to the problem of being put into consolidation container.For preparation 10cm high sample, the first valve lantern ring 121 is first placed in consolidation container bottom,
The sample layering assembly of one 2cm and two 4cm is entered to 121 inside of the first valve lantern ring of 10cm high again；For preparation 20cm high examination
First valve lantern ring 121 is first placed in consolidation container bottom, then the sample layering assembly of two 2cm and four 4cm is entered by sample
121 inside of the first valve lantern ring of 20cm high, the outer wall of cutting ring 11 and the inner wall of the first valve lantern ring 121 are tight during 11 assembly of cutting ring
Closely connected conjunction, it is assembled after the completion by the second valve lantern ring 122 and the first valve lantern ring to guarantee that the upper down cross-sectional of each sample is completely coincident
121 close fastenings, respectively obtain the sample of 10cm and 20cm.2cm high sample is then obtained using single cutting ring 11.
Using the bottom of the fixed cutting ring retaining collar 12 of retaining ring sole plate 13, highly according to spliced cutting ring 11,
The peripheral part of cutting ring retaining collar 12 is inserted in corresponding sliceable retaining ring 14 again, retaining ring firm banking and sliceable retaining ring 14 it
Between and each sliceable retaining ring 14 between connected in the form of the chimeric card slot of bumps, contact each member in tight, to fix cutting ring
The middle and lower part of retaining collar 12, and guarantee that cutting ring retaining collar 12 does not shake.It rotates 15 tapered end of hose clamp and adjusts 15 size of hose clamp, make
The top of the closely two annulus knife retaining collar 12 of banding of hose clamp 15.
Step 4: installing test accessories additional: successively putting filter paper at the top of sample, permeable stone at the top of sample, waterproof on sample
Gasket, pressurization upper cover 8 and lead ring 9, wherein lead ring 9 is for fixed top permeable stone and pressurization upper cover 8, during preventing test
Permeable stone and pressurization 8 positional shift of upper cover at the top of sample.
Step 5: one end of drainage pipeline 61 assembling experimental rig: being passed through into the hole in pressurization upper cover 8 and waterproof gasket
Position is connected to the permeable stone at the top of sample, the other end of drainage pipeline 61 is connected to sensor for pore water pressure 62, sensor for pore water pressure 62
It is connect with displacement sensor with data collecting instrument 63.
First strut 21 and corresponding 11 height of cutting ring of the second strut 22 are assembled into one group of complete loading strut 2, make to add
2 height of lotus strut can successively be put into the sample of 2cm, 10cm, 20cm, and consolidation container is placed in loading strut 2 and is hit exactly, makes to pressurize
Upper cover 8 is aligned with the center of loading strut 2.
After pressurization bolt head 31 is screwed in increased pressure beam 7, it is threadedly coupled with screw thread outer tube 32, and adjust pressurization bolt head 31
With the length of screw thread outer tube 32, make 32 bottom alignment of screw thread outer tube pressurization, 8 top groove center of upper cover, wherein 2cm high sample tries
Screw thread outer tube 32 is not necessarily to when testing, need to only pressurize the bottom alignment of pressurization bolt head 31 8 top groove center of upper cover.
Installation measurement strut 5, adjustment measure the positioning pin 53 in interior bar 52 with the location hole cooperation of measurement outer bar 51, make to survey
The height of amount strut 5 meets the sample of 10cm and 20cm respectively.
Percentage table folder 41 is set in measurement 52 periphery of interior bar, and the first bolt by cooperating with the first bolt hole 44 will
Percentage table folder 41 is fixed in measurement interior bar 52.The H-type sliding block 43 of dial gauge 4 is placed in the H-type groove 42 of percentage table folder 41
In, it move it can in H-type groove 42, adjust position of the H-type sliding block 43 in H-type groove 42, make the measuring head of 4 bottom of dial gauge
It is directed at the top center of pressurization bolt head 31, and the second bolt by cooperating with the second bolt hole 45 is fixed by H-type sliding block 43
In H-type groove 42, so that dial gauge 4 be made to be fixed in percentage table folder 41, wherein selected when the sample consolidation test of 20cm
Long range dial gage 4 is advisable.
Step 6: starting to test: applying the precompression of 1kPa, make to contact between sample and instrument up and down each component, and compacted
Extra gap stops precompressed when excess pore water pressure value is less than 0.5kPa.
Step 7: remove precompression, dial gauge 4 returned to zero, apply first order load immediately, when load should be avoided impact and
It rocks, and guarantees that pressure is uniformly applied to specimen surface.In order to reduce the influence of human factor, sample during entire test
Vertical deformation and pore water pressure force value pass through the progress automatic collection of Earthwork Experiment Data Acquisition Instrument 63, vertical displacement reading essence
Really to 0.01mm, pore water pressure reading is accurate to 0.5kPa.
In view of the time interval of Test Data Collecting, according to Terzaghi One-dimensional Consolidation Theory it is found that consolidation time because
Number TvIt is square directly proportional to specimen height H's, for the reading duration interval holding with 2cm high sample in " soil test specification "
Unanimously, it is as follows respectively to read interval for the test data of different height sample:
0 second,Second,Second,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Minute,Hour,Hour.
For determining whether the sample of different height completes the standard of primary consolidation, due to judgement master in " soil test specification "
The standard whether consolidation is completed is only applicable to the sample of 2cm high, is not particularly suited for the sample with high height, now basis
Terzaghi One-dimensional Consolidation Theory, can judge whether the sample of different height completes primary consolidation with the following method: (1) reading in real time
Excess pore water pressure value on data collecting instrument 63 determines that the primary consolidation of sample is complete when pore water pressure force value is less than 1kPa
At；(2) since the deflection of sample is directly proportional to specimen height H, standard is completed according to the primary consolidation of 2cm sample, it may be assumed that last 1h
Deflection is no more than 0.01mm, and it is that last 1 hour deflection is no more than that the consolidation of high 10cm sample can be completed to standard formulation
0.05mm, it is that last 1 hour deflection is no more than 0.1mm that the consolidation of 20cm sample, which is completed standard formulation,.That is: highly for H's
It is that last 1 hour deflection is no more than that the consolidation of sample, which completes standard,If without carrying out long-term consolidation test,
Then continue to next stage load, sample loading sequence be preferably 12.5kPa, 25kPa, 50kPa, 100kPa, 200kPa,
400kPa,800kPa；If secondary consolidation deformation need to be studied, continue consolidation and every one test data of reading in 24 hours.
Step 8: after applying first order load, filling water into container immediately, surround 11 mouthfuls of cutting ring of top with wet cotton yarn
Surrounding, and regular watering avoids the moisture in sample from evaporating to keep cotton yarn humidity.
Step 9: when carrying out rebound experiment, can be unloaded after stabilization by consolidation under certain stage pressure, until being offloaded to first
Stage pressure moves back the springback capacity that sample is measured after being depressed into 24 hours every time.
Step 10: sucking the water in container after experiment, remove each component of instrument rapidly, take out sample, and carry out phase
The data processing of pass.Various sample height is solid to the effect tendency of deformation curve and various sample height master in comparative test
Dependent variable etc. when knot is completed.
As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, it is respectively the sample of 2cm, 10cm and 20cm in 100kPa load that Figure 13, which is one group of height,
Under ε-lgt curve graph；Figure 14 is that one group of height is respectively ε-lgt of the sample of 2cm, 10cm and 20cm under 200kPa load
Curve graph.
In Figure 13 and Figure 14: εEOP-2、εEOP-10、εEOP-20Respectively the primary consolidation of 2cm, 10cm and 20cm height sample is completed
When corresponding strain value.
From Figure 13 and Figure 14 it can be seen that with specimen height increase, finish time of main consolidation and main when completing admittedly
Strain value will increase, the sample of 2cm height completes primary consolidation first and deforms and enter the secondary consolidation stage, and has higher
The sample of degree needs the longer time to complete primary consolidation, and therefore, the primary consolidation stage needs to consider the influence of the deformation of creep, if with often
The compression parameters that rule interior 2cm high sample obtains go to calculate the settling amount of the deep ground in scene, will underestimate the creep of primary consolidation stage
The influence of deformation.
It should also be noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second and the like be used merely to by
One entity or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying these entities or operation
Between there are any actual relationship or orders.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
Consolidation apparatus provided by the present invention is described in detail above.Specific case used herein is to the present invention
Principle and embodiment be expounded, method and its core of the invention that the above embodiments are only used to help understand
Thought is thought.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention,
Can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall into the protection scope of the claims in the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of consolidation apparatus characterized by comprising
It is used to prepare the sliceable cutting ring component (1) of the sample of different height；
For placing the consolidation container that the sliceable cutting ring component (1) of the sample is housed；
The height of loading strut (2) set on the two sides of the consolidation container, the loading strut (2) is adjustable；
The increased pressure beam (7) being connected with the top of the loading strut (2)；
It is connected with the increased pressure beam (7), for the polishing head (3) of the top center pressure to the sample；
It is contacted with the top of the polishing head (3), the dial gauge (4) of compressive deformation amount for measuring the sample, described hundred
Table (4) are divided to be connected with telescopic measurement strut (5), the measurement strut (5) is arranged in parallel with the loading strut (2)；
For acquiring the hole pressure measuring device (6) of the pore water pressure force value of the sample.
2. consolidation apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the loading strut (2) include the first strut (21) and
The top of the second strut of at least one (22), first strut (21) is connected with the increased pressure beam (7), first strut
(21) bottom end is threadedly coupled with second strut (22), when second strut (22) is at least two, adjacent two
Second strut (22) is threadedly coupled.
3. consolidation apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the measurement strut (5) include measurement outer bar (51) and
The measurement interior bar (52) being sheathed in measurement outer bar (51), the periphery of measurement interior bar (52) are equipped with several for adjusting
It is whole it is described measurement interior bar (52) fixation position positioning pin (53), it is described measurement outer bar (51) side wall be equipped with one for
The location hole of any one of positioning pin (53) cooperation positioning.
4. consolidation apparatus according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the dial gauge (4) passes through percentage table folder (41) and institute
It states measurement strut (5) to be connected, the percentage table folder (41) is sheathed on the measurement interior bar (52), percentage table folder (41) edge
H-type groove (42) are equipped with perpendicular to the direction of measurement strut (5), the measuring rod of the dial gauge (4) is equipped with can be along the H
The H-type sliding block (43) of type groove (42) sliding, the percentage table folder (41) are equipped with for the percentage table folder (41) to be fixed on institute
State the first bolt hole (44) in measurement interior bar (52) and for cooperating the second bolt to shrink the H-type groove (42) to clamp
State the second bolt hole (45) of H-type sliding block (43).
5. consolidation apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the polishing head (3) includes and the increased pressure beam (7)
Connected pressurization bolt head (31) and the screw thread outer tube (32) being threadedly coupled with the pressurization bolt head (31), the screw thread outer tube
(32) bottom is embedded in the top groove of the pressurization upper cover (8) at the top of the sample, the top of the pressurization bolt head (31)
It is contacted with the measuring head of the dial gauge (4) bottom.
6. consolidation apparatus according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the sliceable cutting ring component (1) includes
For cutting or inserting sliceable at least two cutting rings (11) of the sample and the outer wall of the spliced cutting ring (11)
It is bonded the cutting ring retaining collar (12) of suit and the fastener for fastening the cutting ring retaining collar (12).
7. consolidation apparatus according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the cutting ring retaining collar (12) includes along the cutting ring
The symmetrically arranged first valve lantern ring (121) of plane where the axis of retaining collar (12) and the second valve lantern ring (122), described first
Valve lantern ring (121) and the second valve lantern ring (122) are interlocked.
8. consolidation apparatus according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the fastener includes:
For fastening the retaining ring sole plate (13) of the bottom periphery of the cutting ring retaining collar (12)；
For fastening the cutting ring retaining collar (12) along at least one sliceable shield of the middle part of short transverse periphery below
Ring (14)；
For fastening the hose clamp (15) of the top peripheral of the cutting ring retaining collar (12).
9. consolidation apparatus according to claim 8, which is characterized in that when the sliceable retaining ring (14) is at least two,
The sliceable retaining ring (14) of the retaining ring sole plate (13) and the bottom is concave-convex to be fitting to connection, two neighboring described to spell
Connect the concave-convex fitting connection of retaining ring (14).
10. consolidation apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hole pressure measuring device (6) includes drainage pipeline
(61) run through above waterproof gasket (63) and the sample with sensor for pore water pressure (62), one end of the drainage pipeline (61)
Permeable stone (64) connection, the other end are connected to the sensor for pore water pressure (62), the sensor for pore water pressure (62) and data collecting instrument
(63) it is connected.
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| CN201810872169.4A CN108931431B (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | Consolidation apparatus |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810872169.4A CN108931431B (en) | 2018-08-02 | 2018-08-02 | Consolidation apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110006715A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-07-12 | 同创工程设计有限公司 | A kind of modified native method for making sample without lateral confinement sample of stream modeling |
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| CN108931431B (en) | 2021-03-26 |
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