CN108887145A - A kind of microorganism seedling medium and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of microorganism seedling medium and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108887145A CN108887145A CN201811016779.0A CN201811016779A CN108887145A CN 108887145 A CN108887145 A CN 108887145A CN 201811016779 A CN201811016779 A CN 201811016779A CN 108887145 A CN108887145 A CN 108887145A
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- seedling
- seedling medium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microorganism seedling mediums and the preparation method and application thereof.Mainly include：The ingredients such as peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, Chicken dung, diammonium.The granular size of the seedling medium is 1-10mm, and pH value is 6.8~7.3, and conductivity is 51.5~60.4ms/cm, spore content 105A/g.The institute that microorganism seedling medium of the invention is capable of providing needed for vegetable sprout term is grown is nutritious, no longer needs to nutrient solution, while can effectively prevent the diseases such as vegetable sprout term samping off, damping-off, wilt disease.The seedling medium is applied to vegetable sprout term growth and the potting of flowers growth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, and in particular to seedling medium have trophism, gas permeability, water conservation
Property, anti-characteristic of disease, be suitable for Vegetables Factory Plantation Growing Seedlings and flower growth phase and use.
Background technique
Good seedling is the precondition of vegetables high yield, and matrix is the material base for ensureing high quality seedling, production
On usually there is vegetable seedling slow growth perhaps weaker perhaps dead in flakes to be perhaps formulated cumbersome or management multiple for excessive growth
The problems such as miscellaneous, for these problems, We conducted recipe determinations, surround several emphasis：1 matrix first must have gas permeability,
Namely to the requirement of the porosity of matrix, matrix poor air permeability will cause the microbial activity decline of aerobism, water imbibition
By force, thus cause it is hardened, to vegetables cause harm be pricked under root system it is difficult, i.e., it is enabled it is lower prick, as matrix oxygen content
It is too low to occur macerating root phenomenon, ultimately cause into slow growth or death.2. nutritive element balance, seedling early growth needs a great number of elements
And microelement, a great number of elements include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, microelement includes boron, iron, zinc etc., it is desirable that has certain proportion, avoids
Nutrient is unbalance, if nitrogenous fertilizer is excessive, causes excessive growth, forms very thin weak seedling, in addition apply chemical fertilizer, will cause salt ion in matrix
Increase, vegetable root system is interfered normally to absorb water, to influence plant strain growth, initial stage performance stromal surface has " green frost " then to develop to
Shagreen " moss ", the later period, dead seedling aggravated.3. microbial flora, some is probiotics for microorganism in matrix, in the soil
Relatively good effect is played, root growth environment is improved, some belongs to harmful bacteria, these bacterium can cause samping off, stand
The soil-borne diseases such as blight, wilt disease cause dead seedling dead seedling, and with the extension of implantation time, in matrix, harmful bacteria quantity is increasingly
It is more, and probiotics cannot supplement this and result in soil flora imbalance.4. the pH value of matrix, pH value grows germination
Most important, most suitable pH value is 7.0 or so neutral environment, sprouts conducive to seed and germination is taken root.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of seedling medium used suitable for vegetable seedling breeding, flower growth, is vegetable
Dish seedling growth provides top quality matrix condition.
To achieve the above object, the invention discloses following technology contents：
A kind of microorganism seedling medium, it is characterised in that it is made of following raw materials：
Peat soil 180-200 liter
Vermiculite 50-100 liter
Perlite 1-10 liter
Chicken dung 1-5 liter
200-500 grams of diammonium
Bacillus subtilis B579 0.1 hundred million/gram;
The partial size of the seedling medium particle is 1-10mm, and pH value is 6.8~7.3, and conductivity is 51.5~60.4ms/cm, gemma
Content is 105/g。
The present invention further discloses the preparation methods of substrate microorganism seedling medium, carry out by following step：
（1）Peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, Chicken dung, diammonium puddle uniformly according to the above ratio；
（2）Bacillus subtilis B579 fermented and cultured, 100 liters of fermentors of inclined-plane-triangular flask-；
（3）By bacillus subtilis B579 centrifugal concentrating, reach 109cfu/ml；
（4）500 milliliters of even sprayings of bacterium solution will be concentrated（1）In, it stirs evenly, packs；
The bacillus subtilis B579 fermentation medium is beef extract-peptone solid medium（Inclined-plane）And Liquid Culture
Base（Fermentor）Medium component is：Beef extract 5.0g, albumen freeze 10.0g, sodium chloride 5.0g, water 1000ml, and adjusting ph is 7.0
~7.2,18g agar need to be added in solid medium.
The detailed process of bacillus subtilis B579 fermented and cultured is as follows：The bacillus subtilis that will be saved in refrigerator
B579 is transferred on triangular flask fluid nutrient medium from inclined-plane, shake culture 18h（Revolving speed is 180r/min, and temperature is 29 DEG C）, make
It for seed liquor, is then inoculated in 100L fermentor according to 1% inoculum concentration, temperature is 33 DEG C, liquid amount 70ml, and revolving speed is
180r/min, dissolved oxygen amount 45%, incubation time 16h.
The present invention further discloses microorganism seedling medium for preventing and treating answering for vegetable crop samping off, damping-off
With.Vegetable crop therein refers to tomato, cucumber, eggplant, capsicum.The present invention also discloses that microorganism seedling medium exists simultaneously
For promoting the application of vegetable crop seedling germination aspect.The microorganism seedling medium is for promoting the potting growth side of flowers
Face.Experimental result is shown：Microorganism seedling medium of the invention is to vegetable sprout term samping off preventive effect, significant to damping-off preventive effect
Higher than the preventive effect that chemical agent is used alone.Furthermore the pot experiment of some flowers has been done, survival rate is very high, healthy growth.
Nutritional condition required for being grown present invention mainly solves vegetable sprout term, without adding soil, without spraying battalion
Nutrient solution, the high spot reviews formula and effect of seedling medium, main difficult point are to be added to withered grass and stake on bacillus B579, have
Promote seedling early growth and prevent and treat the effect of sprout term disease, successively investigates the conditions such as fermentation of bacillus subtilis culture thus, most
Determining scheme is peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, Chicken dung, diammonium, B579 afterwards, and mentioned component is mixed in proportion.
It is possessed positive compared with prior art that the present invention discloses microorganism seedling medium and the preparation method and application thereof
Effect is：
（1）Microorganism seedling medium of the invention can prevent and treat vegetable sprout term samping off, damping-off, scraping and printing unit.
（2）Microorganism seedling medium of the invention can be improved germination percentage and life compared with some seedling mediums in the market
Long amount.
（3）Microorganism seedling medium of the invention has both the advantages that trophism, gas permeability, water-retaining property, anti-characteristic of disease.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is：Microorganism seedling medium cultivates tomato seedling effect；The shadow that left microorganism seedling medium grows tomato seedling
It rings, influence of the right microorganism seedling medium to tomato seedling plant height and root long；
Fig. 2 is -- microorganism seedling medium cultivates eggplant seedling effect；The influence that left microorganism seedling medium grows eggplant seedling, it is right
Influence of the microorganism seedling medium to eggplant seedling plant height and root long；
Fig. 3 is -- microorganism seedling medium cultivates Hot Pepper Seedling effect；The influence that left microorganism seedling medium grows Hot Pepper Seedling, it is right
Influence of the microorganism seedling medium to Hot Pepper Seedling plant height and root long；
Fig. 4 is that microorganism seedling medium cultivates four kinds of vegetable seedling effects（Left-half is this product, and right half part is commercially available nursery
Matrix）.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described below by specific embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, technological means used in the present invention
It is method known in those skilled in the art.In addition, embodiment is interpreted as illustrative, it is not intended to limit the present invention
Range, the spirit and scope of the invention are limited only by the claims that follow.To those skilled in the art, without departing substantially from this
Under the premise of invention spirit and scope, to the various changes or change of material component and dosage progress in these embodiments
It belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.Peat soil, vermiculite used in the present invention, perlite, Chicken dung, diammonium（Ammonium nitrate）Raw material and
Reagent is commercially available.
Used various bacterium sources：
Embodiment 1
7 formula combinations：
（+ represent and contain the ingredient ,-represent without the ingredient）
The preparation method of substrate microorganism seedling medium：
（1）Peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, Chicken dung, diammonium puddle uniformly according to the above ratio；
（2）Bacillus subtilis B579 fermented and cultured, 100 liters of fermentors of inclined-plane-triangular flask-；Bacillus subtilis B579 hair
The detailed process of ferment culture is as follows：
（3）By bacillus subtilis B579 centrifugal concentrating, the speed -2000r/min-- of centrifugation.Reach 109cfu/ml；
(4) 500 milliliters of even sprayings of bacterium solution will be concentrated（1）In, it stirs evenly, packs；
The bacillus subtilis B579 fermentation medium is beef extract-peptone solid medium（Inclined-plane）And Liquid Culture
Base（Fermentor）Medium component is：Beef extract 5.0g, albumen freeze 10.0g, sodium chloride 5.0g, water 1000ml, and adjusting ph is 7.0
~7.2,18g agar need to be added in solid medium.
Embodiment 2
According to the principle of the balance of gas permeability, water-retaining property and trophism, 7 kinds of formula combinations are devised, each group of conductance is tested
Rate and pH value.
The conductivity and pH value of 1 different formulations seedling medium of table
By consulting literatures, we primarily determine the relatively standard value of formula 3,4,5,6,7, grow to vegetable sprout term more suitable
It closes.
Embodiment 3
According to 7 formula combinations, four kinds of vegetable crops are selected（Tomato, cucumber, capsicum, eggplant）Test is to above four kinds of crops
32 hole seedling culture hole plates are selected in the influence of germination percentage, and each hole tray fills 3 liters of matrix, waters 500 milliliters, and 4 kinds of crops are sowed simultaneously,
Cucumber one seed of every bunch planting, tomato, capsicum, eggplant two seeds of every bunch planting, 5 repetitions of each processing are adjusted after different time
Look into the germination percentage of seedling and the hole rate of hole tray.
The different seedling medium formulas of table 2 to microorganism seedling medium described in 3, claim 1 for influence
By above data as a result, we are from formulation cost, the influence to vegetable crop germination determines formula 3,4,5,6.
Embodiment 4
Influence of the different seedling mediums to vegetable growth
The influence of 3.1 pairs of cucumber growths.
From the point of view of plant height, root long, stem thickness, ground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, growth of the formula 6,7 than convenient cucumber;
Influence of the different seedling mediums of table 3 to cucumber growth
The influence of 3.2 pairs of tomato growths
From the point of view of plant height, root long, stem thickness, ground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, growth of the formula 1,2,3,6,7 than convenient tomato；
Influence of the different seedling mediums of table 4 to tomato growth
The influence of 3.3 pairs of chili growths
From the point of view of plant height, root long, stem thickness, ground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, growth of the formula 6,7 than convenient capsicum
Influence of the different seedling mediums of table 5 to chili growth
3.4. to the influence of eggplant growth
From the point of view of plant height, root long, stem thickness, ground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, growth of the formula 6,7 than convenient eggplant
The influence that the different seedling mediums of table 6 grow eggplant
By experiment, we finally determine that formula 6 are optimal seedling medium formula.
Embodiment 5
Based on No. 6 formulas, to prevention and treatment seedling stage（Samping off, damping-off）Disease effect is tested, and trial crops selection is yellow
Melon devises 5 processing, is separately added into chemical pesticide, biocontrol microorganisms, biocontrol microorganisms+pesticide in formula, clear water is then respectively adding vertical
In addition withered silk kernel fungus and scraping and printing unit set the clear water control that pathogen is not added, in order to verify the growing state of this batch of seedling, each
5 repetitions are handled, are now summarized as follows experimental result：
Control efficiency of the same seedling medium different disposal of table 7 to vegetables samping off and damping-off
Test result shows：No. 6 formulas reach 35.6% to vegetable sprout term samping off preventive effect, reach 33.5% to damping-off preventive effect,
And 64.4 are reached to samping off preventive effect with chemical agent synergistic effect, 53.5% is reached to damping-off preventive effect.It is all remarkably higher than individually
Use the preventive effect of chemical agent.
Pass through result above, it is determined that optimal seedling medium formula, the matrix have trophism, gas permeability, water-retaining property,
Furthermore anti-characteristic of disease has done the pot experiment of some flowers, survival rate is very high, healthy growth.
（Two）The comparative test of microorganism seedling medium and commercially available seedling medium
The comparative test of 8 two kinds of seedling mediums of table
The nursery effect comparative test of two kinds of seedling mediums see the table below, from following table it can be seen that kind that self-control seedling medium is brought out
Four kinds of eggplant, cucumber, eggplant, capsicum vegetable seedlings, are all apparently higher than commercially available seedling medium, but root long is but in terms of plant height, fresh weight
Slightly below commercially available seedling medium.
Influence of the microorganism seedling medium to four kinds of plant growths, as can be seen from the above table, microorganism seedling medium are cultivated
Four kinds of crops commercially available seedling medium is above in terms of plant height and fresh weight, and root long is lower than commercially available seedling medium.Analysis is former
Cause, it may be possible to which commercially available seedling medium particle is larger, thus porosity is larger, the more conducively growth of root, but nutriment also holds
Easily as watering is lost, so ground plant height and whole strain fresh weight are lower.（See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3）Therefore, seedling medium is made by oneself
（Microorganism seedling medium）It can satisfy four kinds of vegetable crop seedling stage nutrition, commercially available nursery base be above in terms of plant height, fresh weight
Matter can obtain the preferable quality of seedlings, although the root for the seedling that commercially available seedling medium is educated is longer, weigh the advantages and disadvantages, from appearance
And from the point of view of the quality of seedlings, microorganism seedling medium is better than commercially available seedling medium（See Fig. 4）.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of microorganism seedling medium, it is characterised in that it is made of following raw materials：
Peat soil 180-200 liter
Vermiculite 50-100 liter
Perlite 1-10 liter
Chicken dung 1-5 liter
200-500 grams of diammonium
Bacillus subtilis B579 0.1 hundred million/gram；
The partial size of the seedling medium particle is 1-10mm, and pH value is 6.8~7.3, and conductivity is 51.5~60.4ms/cm, gemma
Content is 105/g。
2. the preparation method of substrate microorganism seedling medium described in claim 1, it is characterised in that carried out by following step：
（1）Peat soil, vermiculite, perlite, Chicken dung, diammonium are puddled uniformly according to the above ratio；
（2）Bacillus subtilis B579 fermented and cultured, 100 liters of fermentors of inclined-plane-triangular flask-；
（3）By bacillus subtilis B579 centrifugal concentrating, reach 109cfu/ml；
（4）500 milliliters of even sprayings of bacterium solution will be concentrated（1）In, it stirs evenly, packs；
The bacillus subtilis B579 fermentation medium is：Beef extract-peptone solid medium（Inclined-plane）Fluid nutrient medium
（Fermentor）Medium component is：Beef extract 5.0g, albumen freeze 10.0g, sodium chloride 5.0g, water 1000ml, adjust ph be 7.0~
7.2,18g agar need to be added in solid medium.
3. microorganism seedling medium described in claim 1 is in terms of preventing and treating vegetable crop samping off, damping-off, wilt disease
Application.
4. application of the microorganism seedling medium described in claim 1 in terms of for promoting vegetable crop seedling germination.
5. application described in claim 3 or 4, vegetable crop therein refers to tomato, cucumber, eggplant, capsicum.
6. application of the microorganism seedling medium described in claim 1 in terms of the potting growth for promoting flowers.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110972897A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-10 | 天津市植物保护研究所 | Preparation method and application of special microorganism seedling culture substrate for rice |
| CN111543282A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-18 | 金尔昇 | Special seedling raising nutrient soil for field guidance and method for guiding special seedling raising by using special seedling raising nutrient soil |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110972897A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-10 | 天津市植物保护研究所 | Preparation method and application of special microorganism seedling culture substrate for rice |
| CN111543282A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-18 | 金尔昇 | Special seedling raising nutrient soil for field guidance and method for guiding special seedling raising by using special seedling raising nutrient soil |
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Effective date of registration: 20210226 Address after: 300192, 26 Nankai District Aerospace Road, Tianjin Applicant after: Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Address before: 300384 in the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 17 km away from Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin Applicant before: TIANJIN INSTITUTE OF PLANT PROTECTION |
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Application publication date: 20181127 |