CN108867569A - Natural dredging debris flow sand dam and application thereof - Google Patents
Natural dredging debris flow sand dam and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108867569A CN108867569A CN201810764459.7A CN201810764459A CN108867569A CN 108867569 A CN108867569 A CN 108867569A CN 201810764459 A CN201810764459 A CN 201810764459A CN 108867569 A CN108867569 A CN 108867569A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
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Abstract
A natural desilting debris flow sand dam comprises a main dam body and an anti-scour auxiliary structure positioned on one side of the back surface of the main dam body, wherein the main dam body consists of non-overflow sections on the left side and the right side and an overflow section in the middle, the non-overflow sections are integrally formed in a concrete pouring mode, and the overflow section adopts a structure for assembling the dam body; the scour protection auxiliary structure is a combination of an auxiliary dam and a fender. When the method is used, the proportion of the deposits in the reservoir area which can be washed away is calculated firstly, and the dredging scale is determined; and (3) disassembling a corresponding number of prefabricated components according to the dredging scale, then excavating an overflow channel in the reservoir area, rapidly washing sediment in the reservoir area by utilizing the mountain torrents in the intermittent period of debris flow outbreak to carry out natural dredging, and reinstalling the disassembled prefabricated components after dredging is finished so as to finish the dredging work of the sand dam. The silt arrester of the invention solves the problems of difficult dredging of the reservoir area after the existing debris flow arresting dam is full of the reservoir, large investment and disposal of silt in the reservoir area when the design year is reached.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to disaster prevention and hydraulic engineering fields, and in particular to it is a kind of nature dredging mud-rock flow block
Sand dam and its application.
Background technique
Mud-rock flow is the common geological disaster in mountain area, and a large amount of solid matters form strong change to channel and main river landform
It makes, extreme climate frequency in China mountain area is existing, and the mud-stone flow disaster outburst frequency of imperial scale is higher and higher, and situation of taking precautions against natural calamities is further tight
It is high.Therefore, solving the problems such as Control eificiency maximization and engineering later maintenance management in imperial scale debris flow control works is
Critical issue in current work of taking precautions against natural calamities.
Debris dam is most widely used engineering in Controlling Debris Flow technology, has the function of retaining silt, peak regulation flow control,
It is divided into gravity dam, stake woods dam, open debris dam, ground sills etc. according to structural shape, however, debris dam runs certain time limit or warp
After going through the mud-stone flow disaster of certain scale, it may appear that production that reservoir area silt is expired and reservoir area silt bursts when engineering is damaged
A possibility that raw secondary disaster；Meanwhile after engineering reservoir area of blocking is become silted up completely, sediment trapping benefit is lost, it is difficult to the mud-stone flow disaster in later period
To play the role of flow control.In order to realize the duration for engineering Control eificiency of blocking, tradition engineering of blocking often needs to open behind full library
Dredging work is opened up, economic input is larger, in addition, the silt for how disposing the engineering reservoir area of blocking beyond design period is also existing rank
Problem in section disaster resistant engineering.Therefore existing blocking technique administers with biggish extensive, high-frequency mud-stone flow disaster
Limitation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of debris flow dam of natural dredging and its applications, using between debris flow
The concentrated flow fast flush reservoir area silt of phase of having a rest carries out nature dredging, and reservoir area is clear after solving existing mud-rock flow blocking dam and expiring library
The problem of reservoir area silt disposition when silt difficulty is big, financial resource and material resource investment is big and debris dam design period reaches the limit of.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme：
A kind of debris flow dam of nature dredging, the erosion control including key dam body and positioned at key dam body back side side are auxiliary
Structure is helped, the key dam body is made of the non-overflow section and intermediate overflow segment of the left and right sides, and the non-overflow section takes coagulation
Soil pours mode and is integrally formed, and overflow segment is using the structure for assembling dam body；The erosion control supplementary structure is the group of auxiliary dam and protection-apron
It closes.
Further, the safety stock of the debris dam is 1.2 times or more of traditional monoblock type debris dam safety stock.
Further, the upstream face of the key dam body is step-like, and the upstream face dam body gradient is 1:0.75-1:1, back side
For vertical configuration.
Further, the width of the overflow segment is calculated according to debris flow and landslips and cheuch condition and is determined, when width not
When more than 20 meters, the structure only with assembling dam body divides overflow segment dam body using pilework when width is more than 20m
Every to reinforce the intensity of assembling dam body.
Further, the assembling dam body is spliced by several prefabricated components using tenon structure, the prefabricated components
Including rectangular-shape main body, interconnecting piece is equipped in body side or two sides.
Further, the main body of the prefabricated components is equipped with anchor hole, and the main body of the prefabricated components is equipped with anchoring
Hole is equipped with the matched anchor pole of size in anchor hole and is attached reinforcing to assembling dam body, casing is laid in anchor hole, and anchor pole is logical
It crosses grouting to be fixed in casing, the bottom end of anchor pole is fixed on non-overflow section, and upper end is anchored end；
The prestressing force N takes following formula to calculate
In formula：N-anchor rod prestress
- concrete in static coefficient of friction, takes 0.6-0.8
τmax- reference section maximum shear stress
A-concrete prefabricated element junction contact area.
Further, the erosion control steel plate of increase dam body entirety protection against erosion ability is equipped in the upper surface of overflow segment.
Application of the debris flow dam of natural dredging in dredging, first before dredging operation, according to sediment dynamics
Maximum particle diameter, the scour depth of analytical calculation self-maintaining, and the ratio that reservoir area deposit can wash away is calculated, determine that dredging is advised
Mould；Secondly, disassembling the prefabricated components of overflow segment number of matches according to dredging scale, flow channels then are excavated in reservoir area, then
Using the concentrated flow of debris flow intermittent phase, fast flush reservoir area silt carries out nature dredging, pacifies again after the completion of dredging
The prefabricated components unloaded are assembled and disassembled, the dredging work of one of debris dam is completed.
Further, dredging work is taken from upstream toward the sequence of downstream dredging step by step and is carried out, and it is last together
Carry out when the less than library of debris dam, using last one of debris dam as reserved safety stock；Before dismantling prefabricated components, opened in reservoir area
Digging groove builds temporary diversion dike, accelerates reservoir area entirety dredging speed by the way of clearing sands with converging flow.
Further, when disassembly assembles dam body, the debris dam of most downstream once dismantles height control in total height of dam
Within the scope of 0.1-0.2 times, remaining debris dam once dismantles height control within the scope of 0.2-0.5 times of effective height of dam, after disassembly
Notch section design be V-type, accelerate washing away for silt；When disassembly, the anchored end of anchor pole is unlocked, prefabricated components are dismantled down
Come, then take down monoblock type anchor structure, and apply interim anchor pole in overflow segment two sides, forms V-type relief port；It is completed to dredging
Afterwards, interim anchor pole is disassembled, prefabricated components is re-assemblied according to surface breakdown degree, surface breakdown is serious to be loaded in
Middle and lower part, and the intact prefabricated components in surface are then loaded at debris dam flow-passing surface.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention facilitates by the way that overflow segment debris dam is built into removably modular construction and utilizes the mud-rock flow intermittent phase
Current scour fall the silt of reservoir area accumulation, solve traditional debris dam reservoir area accumulate put into after full silt a large amount of manpower financial capacities into
The deficiency of the inefficient cleaning of row, meanwhile, it when traditional debris dam reaches design period, needs to build again, cost is very high, and utilizes this
The self-mountable & dismountuble debris dam of invention, when it is certain block structural failure when, be convenient for changing new prefabricated components, extend debris dam fortune
The row period reduces engineering maintenance expense, reduces environmental perturbation.
Prefabricated components are standard component, are convenient for changing use and disassembly operation.
In dredging, using the convenience of the modular construction of overflow segment, effect is washed away in V-type relief port easy to form, raising
Rate and dredging effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is debris dam component part floor map of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is debris dam elevation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is debris dam sectional view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the vertical connection schematic diagram of overflow segment tenon structure；
Fig. 5 is the prefabricated components schematic diagram of four kinds of structures；
Fig. 6 is prefabricated components splicing schematic diagram (containing anchor pole)；
Fig. 7 is prefabricated components splicing schematic diagram (without anchor pole)；
In figure, 1, prefabricated components, 2, anchor pole, 3, protection-apron, 4, auxiliary dam, 5, steel plate.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
By taking green woods gully mud-rock flow hazard management as an example, automatic desilting is implemented to the channel and is administered.
The township Chen Jiaba be Wenchuan earthquake pole severely afflicated area, develop the extensive mud-stone flow disaster in many places, as Qing Lingou, Zhang Jiagou,
Poplar man ditch etc..Green woods ditch is located at the river Dou Ba right bank, basin catchment area 23.7km2, watershed morphology is in pocket shape, tap drain road overall length
6.8km, relative relief 880m, average longitudinal river slope 142.3 ‰, mean inclination are 6 °.By earthquake effect, ditch is interior to develop imperial scale
Landslide, and forms barrier lake, and when the later period encounters heavy rain, the barrier lake mouth that bursts repeatedly bursts, and induces multiple imperial scale mudstone
Flow disaster：2008 " 9.24 " always the amount of going out up to 80.5 × 104m3, 2010 " 8.13 " always the amount of going out up to 160.5 × 104m3,
2013 " 7.9 " always the amount of going out up to 135.5 × 104m3.Currently, traditional debris dam engineering is taken to be administered in ditch, debris dam library
Area has become silted up completely, in recent years later maintenance Job engagement substantial contribution and the manpower such as government department library clear for debris dam.
For the debris dam operating condition of green woods ditch, using existing survey and design specification as foundation, in conjunction with mud-stone flow disaster spy
Levy parameter (mud-rock flow movement feature, cheuch crest discharge and transportability of sediments, debris flow frequency, debris dam storage capacity) and engineering
Structural parameters (debris dam height of dam, debris dam stability, debris dam intensity, debris dam overflow port size), devise of the invention
It is capable of the self-mountable & dismountuble debris flow dam of natural dredging.
Specific structure is：The upstream face of key dam body be it is step-like, the upstream face dam body gradient be 1:0.75, back side is vertical
Shape, the width of overflow segment debris dam are 60m, overflow port depth 2.5m, pilework overall length 4m, width at dam crest 2.0m, effective height of dam
12m.Overflow segment is separated into 3 parts using pilework, respectively length 20m, high 12m, and pilework is cantilever pile, stake depth 24m, wherein
Fixed section 12m, cantilever end 12m, stake section are 2.0m*2.0m.Every row's component takes staggered floor to arrange on facade, such as the institute of Fig. 1~3
Show.The overflow segment dam body prefabricated components structure size and quantity are shown in Table 1, and the structure and assembling form of prefabricated components are as schemed
Shown in 4~7.
1 overflow segment prefabricated components size of table and quantity
In assembling, prestressing force 76KN is applied to the longitudinal anchor pole for reinforcing connection and lateral anchor pole, uses this hair later
Bright debris dam carries out blocking sand operation, and dredging operation is carried out after silt is filled up in reservoir area.
Before dredging operation, first according to the maximum particle diameter of sediment dynamics analytical calculation self-maintaining, scour depth, and
The ratio that reservoir area deposit can wash away is calculated, determines dredging scale.Green woods gully mud-rock flow deposit maximum particle diameter 0.5m, D90=
0.27m, minimum single wide clear water flow is 2.5m at debris dam3/ s, thus most reservoir areas silt can be washed.
Then, according to determining dredging scale, at the top of overflow segment, the prefabricated components of the lower good quantity of budget are dismantled,
In, disassembly height (H)=dredging scale (V)/reservoir area area (S) when disassembly, unlocks the anchored end of anchor pole, takes down monoblock type anchor
The erosion control steel plate of rod structure and top surface, then the prefabricated components of design disassembly height section are disassembled, and faces in disassembly section application
Shi Jiagu anchor pole.Disassembly width gradually reduces from top to bottom, forms class " V " font relief port.
Flow channels then are excavated in reservoir area using mini-excavator, wait water flow to carry out fast flush to reservoir area later,
After the completion of dredging, interim anchor pole is disassembled, prefabricated components and erosion control steel plate are re-assemblied, prefabricated components are broken according to surface
The arrangement of bad degree, surface breakdown is serious to be loaded in dam body middle and lower part, and the intact prefabricated components in surface are then loaded in debris dam
At flow-passing surface.If there are badly damaged prefabricated components, new component need to be replaced in time.
This time during natural dredging, the cleaning of reservoir area is realized only by assembling is dismantled to debris dam body, with tradition
Dredging means are compared, and are greatly reduced the loading in dredging work, the workloads such as transport, waste are piled up, are saved a large amount of maintenance funds,
The structural strength of debris dam dam body can be effectively controlled simultaneously, extend debris dam service life.
Design method of the present invention is mature, calculates simply, simple and power choring of constructing, poor for traffic of mountain area condition,
Active period height, sweeping mud-stone flow disaster have very high practical value and economic value, can be widely applied to various mountain areas
The especially big mud-stone flow disaster of gully type is administered, especially to outburst scale is big, storage capacity of blocking is big etc., main river sediment transport competency
The mud-stone flow disaster of stronger feature, which is administered, has stronger suitability.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of debris flow dam of nature dredging, which is characterized in that including key dam body and be located at key dam body back side one
The erosion control supplementary structure of side, the key dam body are made of the non-overflow section and intermediate overflow segment of the left and right sides, the non-overflow
Section takes concreting mode to be integrally formed, and overflow segment is using the structure for assembling dam body；The erosion control supplementary structure is auxiliary dam
With the combination of protection-apron.
2. a kind of debris flow dam of natural dredging as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the safety of the debris dam
Deposit is 1.2 times or more of traditional monoblock type debris dam safety stock.
3. a kind of debris flow dam of natural dredging as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the key dam body meets water
Face be it is step-like, the upstream face dam body gradient be 1:0.75-1:1, back side is vertical configuration.
4. a kind of debris flow dam of natural dredging as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the width of the overflow segment
It is calculated and is determined according to debris flow and landslips and cheuch condition, when width is no more than 20 meters, only with the structure of assembling dam body, when
When width is more than 20m, overflow segment dam body is separated using pilework, to reinforce the intensity of assembling dam body.
5. a kind of debris flow dam of natural dredging as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the assembling dam body is by counting
A prefabricated components are spliced using tenon structure, and the prefabricated components include rectangular-shape main body, in body side or two
Side is equipped with interconnecting piece.
6. a kind of debris flow dam of natural dredging as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the master of the prefabricated components
Body is equipped with anchor hole, and the matched anchor pole of size is equipped in anchor hole and is attached reinforcing, cloth in anchor hole to assembling dam body
If casing, anchor pole is fixed in casing by grouting, and the bottom end of anchor pole is fixed on non-overflow section, and upper end is anchored end；
The prestressing force takes following formula to apply prestressing force to anchor pole when calculating connection
In formula：N-anchor rod prestress,
- concrete in static coefficient of friction, takes 0.6-0.8,
τmax- reference section maximum shear stress,
A-concrete prefabricated element junction contact area.
7. a kind of debris flow dam of natural dredging as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the upper surface of overflow segment
Equipped with the erosion control steel plate for increasing dam body entirety protection against erosion ability.
8. application of the debris flow dam of any nature dredging in dredging, feature exist as described in claim 1~7
According to the maximum particle diameter of sediment dynamics analytical calculation self-maintaining, scour depth, and calculating first before dredging operation
The ratio that reservoir area deposit can wash away determines dredging scale；Secondly, disassembling the pre- of overflow segment number of matches according to dredging scale
Component processed, then reservoir area excavate flow channels, recycle the debris flow intermittent phase mountain torrents, fast flush reservoir area silt into
The prefabricated components under disassembly are reinstalled in row nature dredging after the completion of dredging, complete the dredging work of one of debris dam.
9. application of the debris flow dam of nature dredging as claimed in claim 8 in dredging, which is characterized in that described clear
Silt work is taken from upstream toward the sequence of downstream dredging step by step and is carried out, and carries out at the less than library of last one of debris dam, with most
One of debris dam is as reserved safety stock afterwards；Before dismantling prefabricated components, groove is excavated in reservoir area or builds temporary diversion dike,
Accelerate reservoir area entirety dredging speed by the way of clearing sands with converging flow.
10. application of the debris flow dam of nature dredging as claimed in claim 8 in dredging, which is characterized in that tearing open
When unloading assembling dam body, the debris dam of most downstream once dismantles height control within the scope of 0.1-0.2 times of total height of dam, remaining blocks sand
Height control is once dismantled within the scope of 0.2-0.5 times of effective height of dam in dam, and the notch section design after disassembly is V-type, accelerates
Silt washes away；When disassembly, the anchored end of anchor pole is unlocked, prefabricated components are disassembled, then takes down monoblock type anchor structure, and
Apply interim anchor pole in overflow segment two sides, forms V-type relief port；After the completion of dredging, interim anchor pole is disassembled, it will be prefabricated
Component is re-assemblied according to surface breakdown degree, and surface breakdown is serious to be loaded in middle and lower part, and the prefabricated components that surface is intact
It is then loaded at debris dam flow-passing surface.
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| CN201810764459.7A CN108867569B (en) | 2018-07-12 | 2018-07-12 | Natural dredging debris flow sand dam and application thereof |
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| CN108867569B CN108867569B (en) | 2021-02-23 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110055928A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-26 | 华北水利水电大学 | Riverbed restorative procedure and system are washed away in dam body downstream |
| CN111639445A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-08 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for measuring and calculating dangerousness of silt-returning accumulation body in front of debris flow dam in removal of blocking dam and application |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110055928A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-26 | 华北水利水电大学 | Riverbed restorative procedure and system are washed away in dam body downstream |
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| CN111639445A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-08 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for measuring and calculating dangerousness of silt-returning accumulation body in front of debris flow dam in removal of blocking dam and application |
| CN111639445B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2023-02-28 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for measuring and calculating dangerousness of silt-returning accumulation body in front of debris flow dam in removal of retaining dam and application |
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| CN108867569B (en) | 2021-02-23 |
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Effective date of registration: 20221110 Address after: No.1, Section 2, North 1st ring road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000 Patentee after: Chengdu Huajian Geological Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 611734 No.1, North 2nd section of 1st ring road, Jinniu District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: INSTITUTE OF EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGY OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES |
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