CN108867343A - A kind of bridge pier or the shot protective structure and its construction method of the local scour of groynes head - Google Patents
A kind of bridge pier or the shot protective structure and its construction method of the local scour of groynes head Download PDFInfo
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- CN108867343A CN108867343A CN201810745729.XA CN201810745729A CN108867343A CN 108867343 A CN108867343 A CN 108867343A CN 201810745729 A CN201810745729 A CN 201810745729A CN 108867343 A CN108867343 A CN 108867343A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000003 hoof Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
- E02B3/26—Fenders
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses the shot protective structure and construction method of a kind of local scour, which is mainly used in bridge pier and groynes head local scour protection aspect.Local scour near pier is protected, which is the circular ring shape bulk solid sandy gravel stratum being laid on around bridge pier on riverbed；The local scour of groynes head is protected, which is the U-loop shape bulk solid sandy gravel stratum being laid on around groynes on riverbed.The partial size of gravel is to meet within local 20 years one the several times that silt median particle diameter is started under flow condition.Construction method is as follows：1, the construction location under the conditions of power flow stability is determined.2, upstream is swum over to from down on specified riverbed and is successively laid with gravel, the gravel of 1.5-2.5m is laid with around the bridge pier and groynes within the scope of 0-6m first, then by slope than 1:3 are laid with periphery.The present invention utilizes bridge pier and groynes head scouring mechanism, the sandy gravel stratum of certain thickness and range is laid with around it when bridge pier and groynes head scour hole are not up to and balance, thus good inhibition local scour.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bridge pier and groynes cephalic protection fields, and in particular to a kind of bridge pier and the local scour of groynes head
Shot protective structure and its construction method.
Background technique
The local scour of Large Bridge Pier and groynes head is an inevitable problem.In river, bridge pier and
The presence of groynes will change the water flow structure near it, so that bridge pier and groynes head turbulence are reinforced, in bridge pier and groynes
Head generates the biggish whirlpool system of scale, and the negative pressure that is centrally formed of whirlpool picks up the silt of bed surface and brings downstream into, causes
Bridge pier and groynes head bed surface wash away.Historical experience, which shows to wash away, will cause huge prestige to the stability of works
The side of body.
The souring of water flow and bridge pier can be theoretically divided into three parts：(1) advance water vortex is primarily referred to as
The water flow of advance encounters the whirlpool of barrier generation when breaking the barriers, and scrolling silt forms scour hole；(2) descent waterflow
Bottom is washed in a pan, forms a part of descent waterflow after referring mainly to advance flow impact bridge pier, pier bottom is carried out to wash in a pan bottom；(3) wake vortices rush
Brush, refers mainly to the whirlpool formed after water flow cut-through object, the part silt after having taken away pier.
During bridge pier and the local scour of groynes head, the incipient stage washes away acutely, and scour hole development is very fast, with
The passage of time, washes away and gradually slows down, and reaches balance by after a certain period of time, washing away, scoured pit's depth is held essentially constant.
The expansion of scour hole range is generated jointly by two effects：First is that flow action, silt is by current scour band
It walks, washes away pit area and constantly expand；Second is that in scour hole side slope silt unstability slump, due to scoured pit's depth in scour process
It continues to increase, so that can be greater than angle of repose when the gradient of scour hole causes edge to keep the side slope of scour hole unstable
Silt slump, the silt of slump or is taken away by water flow, or is deposited to hole bottom, also leads to and washes away pit area and constantly expand.
Therefore, during bridge and groynes design and construction, it is necessary to certain engineering protection measure is considered as, to bridge
Pier and the local scour of groynes head are protected.The local scour safeguard procedures on bridge and groynes head are broadly divided into two major classes,
That is active defense measure and passive protection measure.Active defense measure refers to that reducing water flow washes away energy to bridge pier and groynes head
Amount, i.e. down-wass and shape of a hoof eddy-currents during decrease current scour, such as by the basic plane for expanding bridge pier or set
The measures such as spats wash away energy with reduce water flow.Passive protection measure refers to by improving bottom near bridge pier and groynes head
Protection against erosion ability, to improve the impact resistance of bridge pier and groynes head bottom, such as carry out jackstone processing in Dun Jichu or set
Set jackstone grouting etc..The shot protective structure that the present invention uses is also one kind of passive protection measure.
But traditional bridge pier and groynes head local scour safeguard procedures has certain use limitation and cost
Height, difficulty of construction is big.Such as common riprap protection, the silt of jackstone bottom are easy to be washed in a pan to rinse engineering in practice, so as to cause
Jackstone position is mobile, and then weakens protection effect.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes the bulk solid protection knot of a kind of bridge pier and the local scour of groynes head
Structure and its construction method.The safeguard structure can effectively cut down vortex, to be effectively prevented local scour caused by vortex, rise
To the effect of effective protection bridge pier and the local scour of groynes head, specific technical solution is as follows：
A kind of shot protective structure of local scour near pier, which is characterized in that the safeguard structure is to be laid on bridge pier week
The bulk solid sandy gravel stratum of the circular ring shape on riverbed enclosed, the partial size of the bulk solid gravel are local 20 years one chance water flow items
Start the median particle diameter D's of silt under partTimes, wherein D andIt is acquired by following formula：
In formula：VcFor local 20 years one chance flow rate of water flow, H0The depth of water met under flow condition for local 20 years one, Δ H
For the original depth of local scour, D is to meet within local 20 years one the median particle diameter that silt is started under flow condition, εkFor hidden sudden and violent system
Number, ρsFor silt density, ρ is the density of water, and g is acceleration of gravity.
The shot protective structure of a kind of groynes head local scour, which is characterized in that the safeguard structure is to be laid on fourth
The cricoid bulk solid sandy gravel stratum of the U-shaped on riverbed around dam, the partial size of the bulk solid gravel are to meet for local 20 years one
Start the median particle diameter D's of silt under flow conditionTimes, wherein D andIt is acquired by following formula：
In formula：VcFor local 20 years one chance flow rate of water flow, H0The depth of water met under flow condition for local 20 years one, Δ H
For the original depth of local scour, D is to meet within local 20 years one the median particle diameter that silt is started under flow condition, εkFor hidden sudden and violent system
Number, ρsFor silt density, ρ is the density of water, and g is acceleration of gravity.
Preferably, the range of bulk solid sandy gravel stratum laying is：Bridge pier and groynes head 0-6m radius
The interior sandy gravel stratum for being laid with single thickness, sandy gravel stratum thickness can use to be worth between 1.5-2.5m, and periphery presses 1:3 gradient is routed to riverbed
Concordantly.
Preferably, the sandy gravel stratum thickness is preferably 2m.
Preferably, describedNo more than 10.
A kind of construction method of above-mentioned shot protective structure, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps：
(1) after the completion of pile foundation of bridge pier or groynes are constructed, according to the characteristics of tidal flow of construction area, trend during low tide is determined
Construction location under stable condition；
(2) bulk solid gravel is laid with to specified riverbed, upstream is swum over in the laying of the bulk solid gravel from down
It successively carries out, the gravel of 1.5-2.5m thickness is laid in bridge pier or groynes head 0-6m radius first, then according to 1:3
The gradient be laid with periphery until concordant with riverbed.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
Shot protective structure of the invention and its construction method make full use of bridge pier or the local scour of groynes head basic
Principle is laid with around bridge pier or groynes certain thickness when the scour hole on bridge pier or groynes head also not up to washes away balance
Sandy gravel stratum, to play inhibiting effect to the local scour of bridge pier and groynes head.And the bulk solid gravel by being laid with
The reasonable set of gravel partial size, laying depth, laying range in layer, so that reaching to the protection effect of bridge pier and groynes head
Most preferably.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Bridge Pier structure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of groynes safeguard structure of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the Longitudinal cross section schematic of groynes safeguard structure of the invention；
In figure, 1- bridge pier, 2- bulk solid sandy gravel stratum, the original silt layer of 3-, the periphery 4- gentle slope region, the riverbank 5-, 6- fourth
Dam.
Specific embodiment
Below according to attached drawing and preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, the objects and effects of the present invention will become brighter
White, below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that described herein specific
Embodiment is only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of bridge pier or the shot protective structure of groynes head local scour, which is to be laid with
U-loop shape on the bulk solid sandy gravel stratum 2 of circular ring shape on the riverbed around bridge pier 1, or the riverbed that is laid on around groynes 6
Bulk solid sandy gravel stratum 2, if meeting for local 20 years one, the median particle diameter of silt is started under flow condition is D, bulk solid here
The partial size of gravel should be for D'sTimes, following derivation process can be used：
Firstly, non-uniform sediment initial velocity is as follows：
In formula：VcFor local 20 years one chance flow rate of water flow, H0The depth of water met under flow condition for local 20 years one, Δ H
For the original depth of local scour, D is to meet within local 20 years one the median particle diameter that silt is started under flow condition, εkFor hidden sudden and violent system
Number, ρsFor silt density, ρ is the density of water, and g is acceleration of gravity.Wherein, εk、Vc、H0、ΔH、ρs, ρ can be according to actually obtaining
, so that D can be acquired according to formula (1).
Originally the velocity formula of before bridge pier pier or groynes head section is as follows：
In formula：V be pier before or groynes head cross section axis flow velocity, q be pier before or groynes head flow；
If the bulk solid gravel being laid with, with a thickness of n Δ H, the available vehicle start wave for being laid with silt after bulk solid is such as
Under：
In formula：Vc' it is the sediment moving incipient velocity being laid with after bulk solid,For bulk solid partial size,For bulk solid partial size with
Meet within local 20 years one the ratio that silt median particle diameter is started under flow condition.
Similarly after our available laying bulk solids before pier or groynes head cross section central axes velocity formula is as follows：
Bulk solid is set to play a protective role local scour, then must assure that Vc' >=V, gravel would not be washed,
Therefore available by (1) (2) (3) (4)
In order to enable safeguard structure effectively to cut down vortex, to be effectively prevented local scour caused by vortex, play
The effect of effective protection bridge pier or the local scour of groynes head, the range that bulk solid sandy gravel stratum is laid with around bridge pier are：0-6m half
Diameter range is laid with the sandy gravel stratum of single thickness, and sandy gravel stratum presses 1 with a thickness of 1.5-2.5m, periphery:It is flat that 3 gradient is routed to riverbed
Together, i.e., the peripheral gentle slope region in Fig. 1.
The further preferred 2m of sandy gravel stratum thickness that 0-6m radius is laid with.
The median particle diameter of bulk solid gravel should not be too large, its object is to prevent as crushed stone, so that protection be made to imitate
Fruit is deteriorated, therefore,No more than 10.
A kind of construction method of above-mentioned safeguard structure, specifically comprises the following steps：
(1) after the completion of pile foundation of bridge pier or groynes are constructed, according to the characteristics of tidal flow of construction area, trend during low tide is determined
Construction location under stable condition；
By using total station common in engineering, and GPS positioning technology is combined, bridge pier or fourth are measured by surveying vessel
The range that dam periphery is laid with, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.To guarantee that in measurement process, precision to the greatest extent may be used to the erosion control effect of bridge pier
It can be high.
(2) bulk solid gravel is laid with to specified riverbed, the laying of gravel is swum over to upstream from down and successively carried out, first
Bridge pier or and groynes head 0-6m radius be laid with 1.5-2.5m thickness gravel, then according to 1:3 gradient is laid with
Periphery is until concordant with riverbed.
In work progress, bulk solid gravel is transported to construction location with construction barge (stone dumper), is suitble to trend condition
When, bulk solid gravel is unloaded in the throwing that opens a position；
After completion is unloaded in throwing, for the quality for guaranteeing safeguard structure, need that 1-2 divers is sent to be lauched observation, on riverbed
It throws the bulk solid unloaded to carry out paving operation, until meeting above-mentioned requirements.
It during throwing is unloaded, if there is trend catastrophe, should stop operation immediately, relevant device and personnel withdraw to peace
It is region-wide.During diver's underwater operation, it should guarantee smoothly completing for task with personnel's real-time communication waterborne.
It will appreciated by the skilled person that being not used to limit the foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of invention
System invention, although invention is described in detail referring to previous examples, for those skilled in the art, still
It can modify to the technical solution of aforementioned each case history or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all
Within the spirit and principle of invention, modification, equivalent replacement for being made etc. be should be included within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of shot protective structure of local scour near pier, which is characterized in that the safeguard structure is laid on around bridge pier
Riverbed on circular ring shape bulk solid sandy gravel stratum.The partial size of the bulk solid gravel is local 20 years one chance flow conditions
The lower median particle diameter D's for starting siltTimes, wherein D andIt is acquired by following formula：
In formula：VcFor local 20 years one chance flow rate of water flow, H0The depth of water met under flow condition for local 20 years one, Δ H are office
The original depth that portion is washed away, D are to meet within local 20 years one the median particle diameter that silt is started under flow condition, εkFor hidden sudden and violent coefficient, ρs
For silt density, ρ is the density of water, and g is acceleration of gravity.
2. a kind of shot protective structure of groynes head local scour, which is characterized in that the safeguard structure is to be laid on groynes
The cricoid bulk solid sandy gravel stratum of U-shaped on the riverbed of surrounding, the partial size of the bulk solid gravel are local 20 years one chance water
Start the median particle diameter D's of silt under the conditions of streamTimes, wherein D andIt is acquired by following formula：
In formula：VcFor local 20 years one chance flow rate of water flow, H0The depth of water met under flow condition for local 20 years one, Δ H are office
The original depth that portion is washed away, D are to meet within local 20 years one the median particle diameter that silt is started under flow condition, εkFor hidden sudden and violent coefficient, ρs
For silt density, ρ is the density of water, and g is acceleration of gravity.
3. shot protective structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the bulk solid sandy gravel stratum is laid with
Range be：The sandy gravel stratum of single thickness is laid in bridge pier and groynes head 0-6m radius, sandy gravel stratum thickness is desirable
It is worth between 1.5-2.5m, periphery presses 1:3 gradient is laid with to concordant with riverbed.
4. shot protective structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the sandy gravel stratum thickness is preferably 2m.
5. shot protective structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that describedNo more than 10.
6. a kind of construction method of shot protective structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that this method includes
Following steps：
(1) after the completion of pile foundation of bridge pier or groynes are constructed, according to the characteristics of tidal flow of construction area, power flow stability during low tide is determined
Under the conditions of construction location；
(2) bulk solid gravel is laid with to specified riverbed, the laying of the bulk solid gravel swims over to upstream from down successively
It carries out, the gravel of 1.5-2.5m thickness is laid in bridge pier or groynes head 0-6m radius first, then according to 1:3 slope
Degree is laid with periphery until concordant with riverbed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810745729.XA CN108867343B (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2018-07-09 | A kind of bridge pier or the shot protective structure and its construction method of the local scour of groynes head |
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| CN201810745729.XA CN108867343B (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2018-07-09 | A kind of bridge pier or the shot protective structure and its construction method of the local scour of groynes head |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109933930A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-25 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of cruiseway groynes river bottom protection range determining method |
| CN112144385A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-29 | 江苏在铭建设工程有限公司 | Anti-scouring method for backfilling of flexible composite bagged sand |
| CN112746556A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江大学 | Pier scouring protection method combining concave rotating normal curved surface and granular particles |
| WO2021253824A1 (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-12-23 | 浙江大学 | Bridge pier scour protection method combining concave normal surface of revolution and particle material |
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| WO2005007977A2 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-27 | Pier Of D'nort Corporation | Modular pier system |
| JP2008266896A (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-11-06 | Seibu Polymer Corp | Sealing structure for preventing outflow of grout between pile and sleeve pipe |
| CN102864754A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-01-09 | 重庆交通大学 | Measuring and controlling method of scouring depth of training wall of river reach of bridge site |
| CN106960105A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-18 | 河海大学 | Local scour near pier depth computing method on a kind of stratification alluvial riverbed |
| CN108193606A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-22 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of means of defence of local scour near pier |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2005007977A2 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-27 | Pier Of D'nort Corporation | Modular pier system |
| JP2008266896A (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-11-06 | Seibu Polymer Corp | Sealing structure for preventing outflow of grout between pile and sleeve pipe |
| CN102864754A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-01-09 | 重庆交通大学 | Measuring and controlling method of scouring depth of training wall of river reach of bridge site |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109933930A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-25 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of cruiseway groynes river bottom protection range determining method |
| CN109933930B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2022-11-04 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Method for determining bottom protection range of spur dike of inland waterway |
| CN112144385A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-29 | 江苏在铭建设工程有限公司 | Anti-scouring method for backfilling of flexible composite bagged sand |
| CN112746556A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江大学 | Pier scouring protection method combining concave rotating normal curved surface and granular particles |
| WO2021253824A1 (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-12-23 | 浙江大学 | Bridge pier scour protection method combining concave normal surface of revolution and particle material |
| CN112746556B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 浙江大学 | Pier scouring protection method combining concave rotating normal curved surface and granular particles |
| JP2022549406A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-11-25 | 浙江大学 | Bridge Pier Wash Protection Method Combining Downward Concave Rotating Regular Curved Surface and Scattered Granules |
| JP7261525B2 (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2023-04-20 | 浙江大学 | Bridge Pier Wash Protection Method Combining Downward Concave Rotating Regular Curved Surface and Scattered Granules |
| US11987941B2 (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2024-05-21 | Zhejiang University | Pier scour protection method by combinating a downward bivariate normal distribution surface and granular mixture |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108867343B (en) | 2019-11-22 |
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