CN108770737B - High-survival-rate and high-growth-rate tiger dragon hybrid spot pond seedling culture method - Google Patents

High-survival-rate and high-growth-rate tiger dragon hybrid spot pond seedling culture method Download PDF

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CN108770737B
CN108770737B CN201810498747.2A CN201810498747A CN108770737B CN 108770737 B CN108770737 B CN 108770737B CN 201810498747 A CN201810498747 A CN 201810498747A CN 108770737 B CN108770737 B CN 108770737B
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CN108770737A (en
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蔡春有
刘晓春
蔡有森
蔡四川
蔡建顺
蔡惠明
蔡金泉
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Hainan Chenhai Aquatic Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
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    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract

The invention provides a pond seedling raising method for tiger-dragon hybrid spots with high survival rate and growth rate, which comprises the steps of selection of a seedling raising pond, water quality regulation and control, seedling distribution, illumination adjustment, bait feeding and the like. The invention adopts a unique water quality comprehensive regulation and control technology, and achieves the purpose of high survival rate and growth rate of the cultured seedlings by using proper biological bait and proportion and accurate feeding time sequence. By adopting the seedling raising method, the survival rate of the Hulong hybrid spots reaches up to 99.93 percent and the fullness reaches up to 5.45g/cm after 30 days of seedling raising3The crude protein content is up to 50.13 percent, the crude fat content is up to 50.13 percent, the survival rate is 75.82 to 81.88 percent compared with the comparative example, and the fullness is 2.90 to 3.52g/cm3Compared with 42.49-45.90% of crude protein and 6.52-7.63% of crude fat, the survival rate, the fullness, the crude protein content and the crude fat content of the tiger-dragon hybrid spots are obviously improved.

Description

High-survival-rate and high-growth-rate tiger dragon hybrid spot pond seedling culture method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a pond seedling raising method for a new variety of tiger-dragon hybrid spots.
Background
The tiger dragon hybrid mackerel is F1 generation obtained by hybridization of female body of Epinephelus coioides bred by 2 generation population as female parent and male body of Epinephelus lanceolatus as male parent. The grouper coilia as the female parent has small difficulty in artificial propagation, high survival rate of seedlings, low growth speed and long culture period, and leads to unsatisfactory culture benefit. The epinephelus lanceolatus as the male parent is the largest individual species and the fastest growth speed in the epinephelus lanceolatus family, but the parent fish breeding and the fry breeding difficulty is high, and the survival rate of the grown fish is very low. The dragon tiger hybrid spot integrates the advantages of male parent and female parent, and is mainly characterized in that: firstly, the growth speed is high; secondly, the environmental adaptability is strong, and the survival rate is high; thirdly, the meat quality is good, the market acceptance is high, and the potential is large. However, in the prior art, different seedling raising methods often have great differences in survival rate and growth rate, and currently, no accepted optimal seedling raising scheme exists, and the seedling raising results are uneven. Therefore, research on a pond seedling raising method capable of improving survival rate and growing fast tiger dragon hybrid spots is a research hotspot in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a pond seedling method of the tiger-dragon hybrid spots with high survival rate and growth rate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a pond seedling raising method for hybrid tiger dragon spots with high survival rate and growth rate comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a seedling raising pond; selecting a pond with the area of 2-3 mu and the water depth of 1-2.5m as a seedling raising pond.
2) Water quality regulation and control: before the newly hatched fries are placed in a pond, 0.01-0.02mg/L of compound bacteria are added into the pond, 0.01-0.03mg/L of compound bacteria and 0.02-0.05mg/L of schizochytrium limacinum solution are added every other day between 5 days and 15 days, 0.01-0.03mg/L of compound bacteria and 0.01-0.015mg/L of nannochloropsis oculata and 1-3 mu g/L of taurine and 1-2 mu g/L of citric acid are added every day between 16 days and 24 days, 0.01-0.03mg/L of compound bacteria and 0.05-0.1mg/L of chlorella and 1-2 mu g/L of salicylic acid are added every day between 25 days and 30 days, and 0.1-0.3 mu g/L of aluminum ferric chloride is added every 25 days; stopping after 30 d; regulating pH value, water temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen; replacing clean seawater 10% every day for 6-10d of seedling raising, replacing seawater 20-30% every day for 11-15d of seedling raising, replacing seawater 42-45% every day for 16-24d of seedling raising, and replacing seawater 80-85% every day for 25-30d of seedling raising;
3) distributing seedlings;
4) illumination adjustment: the illumination requirement on the surface of the pond during the seedling culture period is 5000-;
5) feeding:
a. feeding SS type rotifers to 3-5-day-old fish fries once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
b. feeding L-type rotifers between 6 and 15 days of the larva fishes once between 8:00 and 8:30 every day;
c. feeding fairy shrimp nauplii and copepods from 16 days old to 24 days old; feeding once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
d. feeding the cladocerans and the copepods from 25 days old to 30 days old; feeding for 2-3 times every day;
preferably, the step 1) is as follows: selecting a pond with the area of 2-3 mu and the water depth of 1.5-2.5m as a seedling pond, arranging a circle of inflatable stones 1.5-2m away from the edge of the seedling pond, and enabling the distance between every two adjacent inflatable stones to be 2-3 m.
Preferably, the method for regulating and controlling the pH value, the water temperature, the salinity and the dissolved oxygen amount in the step 2) comprises the following steps: culturing seedlings for 0-9 days, and controlling the pH value between 7.0-8.5; after 10 days of seedling culture, the pH value is controlled between 7.0 and 7.5; the water quality condition during seedling culture is controlled at salinity of 17-35, water temperature of 25-33 deg.C, and dissolved oxygen in water is greater than 5 ppm.
Preferably, in the step 2), the composite bacteria added during the water quality regulation are photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes and nitrobacteria, and the ratio of the photosynthetic bacteria to the saccharomycetes to the nitrobacteria is 3-2:1: 1.
Preferably, the step 3) is:
a. setting an incubator: the specification of the incubator is 4m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 1m or 6m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 1m, the incubator is arranged in a seedling culture pond, the upper edge of the incubator is 0.1-0.15 cm higher than the water level of the seedling culture pond, 1 inflatable stone is uniformly arranged in the incubator according to the area per square meter, the inflatable stone is connected with an inflator and covered by a sunshade net with 90% shading rate above the incubator, on the day of purchasing fertilized eggs, seawater is filtered by a 200-mesh filter bag and then is filled into the incubator until the water level depth of the incubator reaches 0.85-0.9 m, and the inflator of the incubator is opened;
b. hatching fertilized eggs: putting the fertilized eggs and the packaging bag into an incubator for 0.5-1 h until the temperature of water in the packaging bag and the temperature of the fertilized eggs are incubatedThe water temperature of the chemical box is consistent, the packaging bag is disassembled, fertilized eggs are put into the incubator to be incubated, and the incubation density of the fertilized eggs is 100 multiplied by 103～120×103Particles/m3Hatching the larva fishes after the fertilized eggs are incubated for 24-26 h, and remaining the larva fishes in an incubator for cultivation for 3 d;
c. and (5) putting the fry into a fry raising pond.
Preferably, in the step 5), the fed SS type rotifers, L type rotifers and fairy shrimp nauplii are not strengthened.
Preferably, in the step 5), the length of the SS type rotifer individual is 120-150 microns, and the width is 60-90 microns; the length of the L-shaped rotifer is 240-250 microns, and the width is 150-160 microns; the ratio of cladocera to copepods is 7: 3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the rotifer SS type rotifer, L type rotifer and fairy shrimp nauplii for feeding do not need to be subjected to nutrition enhancement, so that the time and the cost are saved;
2. according to the invention, by combining the change rules of water bodies and seedlings in different periods of seedling culture, different algae are added during the seedling culture to be matched with photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes and nitrobacteria for use, the algae and the fungi are used for cooperatively regulating water quality, the diseases during the seedling culture are prevented, meanwhile, the algae provide nutrition for the rotifers and fairy shrimp nauplii, and the continuous growth of the rotifers and fairy shrimp nauplii is maintained, so that the fish fries are ensured to obtain sufficient bait.
3. Compound bacteria, nannochloropsis oculata, taurine and citric acid are added every day for breeding the fry for 16-24 days, the taurine not only has the functions of adjusting the pH value of the water body and promoting the growth of the fry and the rotifers, but also can further adjust the water quality by the synergistic effect with the citric acid.
4. The composite bacteria, the chlorella and the salicylic acid are added every 25-30 days after the seedlings are raised, the salicylic acid has the function of killing fungi, can promote the growth of the chlorella, adjust the pH value of a water body and is beneficial to the growth of the fry.
5. By adopting the seedling culture method, the body quality, the survival rate, the fullness, the crude protein content and the crude fat content of the tiger-dragon hybrid spots are obviously improved and the survival rate is high after 30 days of seedling culture99.93 percent and the fullness as high as 5.45g/L3The crude protein content is up to 50.13 percent, and the crude fat content is up to 8.96 percent.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, the advantages and features of which will become clearer from the following description, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
a pond seedling raising method for hybrid tiger dragon spots with high survival rate and growth rate comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of selecting a pond with the area of 3 mu and the water depth of 2.0m as a seedling pond, arranging a circle of inflatable stones 2m away from the edge of the seedling pond, and enabling the distance between every two adjacent inflatable stones to be 2 m.
2) Water quality regulation and control: before the newly hatched fish is put into the pond, 0.02mg/L of compound bacteria (photosynthetic bacteria: yeast: nitrobacteria: 3:1:1) is added into the pond, 0.02mg/L of compound bacteria +0.03mg/L of schizochytrium limacinum is added every other day between 5 days and 15 days, 0.02mg/L of compound bacteria +0.015mg/L of nannochloropsis miniata +2 mug/L of taurine +1 mug/L of citric acid is added every day after 16 days to 24 days, 0.02mg/L of compound bacteria +0.05mg/L of chlorella +2 mug/L of salicylic acid is added every 25 days to 30 days, and 0.3 mug/L of aluminum ferric chloride is added in the 25 th day; culturing seedlings for 0-5 days, and controlling the pH value to be 8.0; after 6 days of seedling culture, the pH value is controlled between 7.2; controlling the salinity of water quality conditions during seedling culture to be 30, controlling the water temperature to be 28 ℃ and controlling the dissolved oxygen in water to be more than 5 ppm; replacing clean seawater 10% for 6-10d of seedling, replacing seawater 20% for 11-15d of seedling, replacing seawater 45% for 16-24d of seedling, and replacing seawater 80% for 25-30d of seedling;
3) seedling distribution:
a. setting an incubator: the incubator is made of color strip cloth and is rectangular, the specification is 4m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 1m, the incubator is arranged in a seedling culture pond, the upper edge of the incubator is 0.15cm higher than the water level of the seedling culture pond, 1 inflatable stone is uniformly arranged in the incubator according to the area per square meter, the inflatable stone is connected with an inflator and covered by a sunshade net with 90% shading rate above the incubator, on the day of purchasing fertilized eggs, clean seawater is extracted from a sea area, the seawater is filtered by a filter bag made of 200-mesh silk net and then is filled into the incubator until the water level depth of the incubator reaches 0.9m, the inflator of the incubator is opened, and the water body of the incubator is continuously inflated;
b. hatching fertilized eggs: putting the purchased fertilized eggs and the packaging bag into an incubator for 0.5h until the water temperature in the packaging bag is consistent with that of the incubator, detaching the packaging bag, and allowing the fertilized eggs to enter the incubator for incubation, wherein the incubation density of the fertilized eggs is 100 multiplied by 103Particles/m3Under the condition of inflation, the fertilized eggs roll in the water body, timing is started from fertilization, the fertilized eggs hatch fry after 24 hours, and the fry are left in an incubator for 3d after hatch;
c. putting the fry into a fry pond: when the larvae are 4 days old after being taken out of the membranes, starting an inflator of the fry culture pond for uninterrupted inflation, unfastening the incubator from the fixing frame, immersing the four edge parts of any incubator below the water level of the fry culture pond, continuously inflating inflatable stones in the incubator, slowly enabling the larvae to swim into the fry culture pond under the action of water flow, and after 2.5 hours, removing the incubator after all the larvae in the incubator enter the fry culture pond;
4) illumination adjustment: before the 10-day-old fish fries, the surface of the pond is illuminated 8000lx at midday;
5) feeding:
a. feeding SS type rotifers to 3-5-day-old larvae, wherein the length of each rotifer is 150 microns, the width of each rotifer is 60-90 microns, and feeding is carried out once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
b. feeding L-type rotifers between 6 days old and 15 days old to the fry, wherein the length of each individual is 250 microns, the width is 160 microns, and the feeding is performed once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
c. feeding fairy shrimp nauplii and copepods from 16 days old to 24 days old; feeding once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
d. feeding cladocerans and copepods (7:3) from 25 days old to 30 days old; feeding for 2 times per day.
Example 2:
a pond seedling raising method for hybrid tiger dragon spots with high survival rate and growth rate comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of selecting a pond with the area of 2 mu and the water depth of 1.5m as a seedling pond, arranging a circle of inflatable stones 1.5m away from the edge of the seedling pond, and enabling the distance between every two adjacent inflatable stones to be 2 m.
2) Water quality regulation and control: before the newly hatched fish is put into the pond, 0.01mg/L of compound bacteria (photosynthetic bacteria: yeast: nitrobacteria: 3:1:1) is added into the pond, 0.01mg/L of compound bacteria +0.02mg/L of schizochytrium limacinum is added every other day between 5 days and 15 days, 0.01mg/L of compound bacteria +0.01mg/L of nannochloropsis miniata +1 microgram/L of taurine +1 microgram/L of citric acid is added every day after 16 days to 24 days, 0.01mg/L of compound bacteria +0.05mg/L of chlorella +1 microgram/L of salicylic acid is added every day after 25 days to 30 days, and 0.1 microgram/L of aluminum ferric chloride is added into the 25 th day; stopping after 30 d; culturing seedlings for 0-9 days, and controlling the pH value to be 7.0; after 10 days of seedling culture, the pH value is controlled between 7.0; controlling the water quality condition in the seedling raising period at salinity of 17, water temperature of 25 ℃ and dissolved oxygen in water of more than 5 ppm; replacing clean seawater 10% for 6-10d of seedling culture, replacing seawater 20% for 11-15d of seedling culture, replacing seawater 42% for 16-24d of seedling culture, and replacing seawater 80% for 25-30d of seedling culture;
3) seedling distribution:
a. setting an incubator: the incubator is made of color strip cloth and is rectangular, the specification is 6m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 1m, the incubator is arranged in a seedling culture pond, the upper edge of the incubator is 0.1cm higher than the water level of the seedling culture pond, 1 inflatable stone is uniformly arranged in the incubator according to the area per square meter, the inflatable stone is connected with an inflator and covered by a sunshade net with 90% shading rate above the incubator to prevent direct sunlight, clean seawater is extracted from a sea area on the day of purchasing fertilized eggs, the seawater is filtered by a filter bag made of 200-mesh silk net and then is filled into the incubator until the water level depth of the incubator reaches 0.85m, the inflator of the incubator is opened to continuously inflate the water body of the incubator;
b. hatching fertilized eggs: putting the purchased fertilized eggs and the packaging bags into an incubator for 0.5h until the water temperature in the packaging bags is consistent with that of the incubator, detaching the packaging bags, and allowing the fertilized eggs to enter the incubator for incubation, wherein the incubation density of the fertilized eggs is 100 multiplied by 103Particles/m3Under the condition of inflation, the fertilized eggs roll in the water body, timing is started from fertilization, the fertilized eggs hatch fry after 24 hours, and the fry are left in an incubator for 3d after hatch;
c. putting the fry into a fry pond: when the larvae are 4 days old after being taken out of the membranes, starting an inflator of the fry culture pond for uninterrupted inflation, unfastening the incubator from the fixing frame, immersing the four edge parts of any incubator below the water level of the fry culture pond, continuously inflating inflatable stones in the incubator, slowly enabling the larvae to swim into the fry culture pond under the action of water flow, and after 2 hours, removing the incubator after all the larvae in the incubator enter the fry culture pond;
4) illumination adjustment: the illumination requirement on the surface of the pond during seedling culture is 8000 lx;
5) feeding:
a. feeding SS type rotifers to 3-5-day-old larvae, wherein the length of each rotifer is 150 microns, the width of each rotifer is 60-90 microns, and feeding is carried out once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
b. feeding L-type rotifers between 6 days old and 15 days old to the fry, wherein the length of each individual is 250 microns, the width is 160 microns, and the feeding is performed once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
c. feeding fairy shrimp nauplii from 16 days old to 24 days old; feeding once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
d. feeding cladocerans and copepods (7:3) from 25 days old to 30 days old; feeding for 2 times per day.
SS type rotifers, L type rotifers and fairy shrimp nauplii are not strengthened when the feed is fed.
Example 3:
a pond seedling raising method for hybrid tiger dragon spots with high survival rate and growth rate comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of selecting a pond with the area of 2 mu and the water depth of 2.5m as a seedling pond, arranging a circle of inflatable stones 2m away from the edge of the seedling pond, and enabling the distance between every two adjacent inflatable stones to be 3 m.
2) Water quality regulation and control: before the newly hatched fish is put into the pond, 0.02mg/L of compound bacteria (photosynthetic bacteria: yeast: nitrobacteria, 2:1:1) is added into the pond, 0.03mg/L of compound bacteria +0.05mg/L of schizochytrium limacinum is added every other day between 5 days and 15 days, 0.03mg/L of compound bacteria +0.015mg/L of nannochloropsis miniata +3 mu g/L of taurine +2 mu g/L of citric acid is added every day after 16 days to 24 days, 0.03mg/L of compound bacteria +0.1mg/L of chlorella +2 mu g/L of salicylic acid is added every day after 25 days to 30 days, and 0.3 mu g/L of aluminum ferric chloride is added in the 25 th day; stopping after 30 d; seedling for 0-9 days, and controlling the pH value to be 8.5; after 10 days of seedling culture, the pH value is controlled between 7.5; controlling the water quality condition in the seedling raising period to be at the salinity of 35, the water temperature of 33 ℃ and the dissolved oxygen in water to be more than 5 ppm; replacing clean seawater 10% every day for 6-10d of seedling raising, replacing seawater 30% every day for 11-15d of seedling raising, replacing seawater 45% every day for 16-24d of seedling raising, and replacing seawater 85% every day for 25-30d of seedling raising;
3) seedling distribution:
a. setting an incubator: the incubator is made of color strip cloth and is rectangular, the specification is 6m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 1m, the incubator is arranged in a seedling culture pond, the upper edge of the incubator is 0.15cm higher than the water level of the seedling culture pond, 1 inflatable stone is uniformly arranged in the incubator according to the area per square meter, the inflatable stone is connected with an inflator and covered by a sunshade net with 90% shading rate above the incubator to prevent direct sunlight, clean seawater is extracted from a sea area on the day of purchasing fertilized eggs, the seawater is filtered by a filter bag made of 200-mesh silk net and then is filled into the incubator until the water level depth of the incubator reaches 0.9m, the inflator of the incubator is opened to continuously inflate the water body of the incubator;
b. hatching fertilized eggs: putting the purchased fertilized eggs and the packaging bags into an incubator for 1h until the water temperature in the packaging bags is consistent with that of the incubator, detaching the packaging bags, and allowing the fertilized eggs to enter the incubator for incubation, wherein the incubation density of the fertilized eggs is 120 multiplied by 103Particles/m3Under the condition of inflation, the fertilized eggs roll in the water body, timing is started from fertilization, the fertilized eggs hatch fry after 26 hours, and the fry are left in an incubator for 3d after hatch;
c. putting the fry into a fry pond: when the larvae are 4 days old after being taken out of the membranes, starting an inflator of the fry culture pond for uninterrupted inflation, unfastening the incubator from the fixing frame, immersing the four edge parts of any incubator below the water level of the fry culture pond, continuously inflating inflatable stones in the incubator, slowly enabling the larvae to swim into the fry culture pond under the action of water flow, and removing the incubator after 3 hours when all the larvae in the incubator enter the fry culture pond;
4) illumination adjustment: the illumination requirement on the surface of the pond during seedling culture is 6000 lx;
5) feeding:
a. feeding SS type rotifers to 3-5-day-old larvae, wherein the length of each rotifer is 150 microns, the width of each rotifer is 60-90 microns, and feeding is carried out once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
b. feeding L-type rotifers between 6 days old and 15 days old to the fry, wherein the length of each individual is 250 microns, the width is 160 microns, and the feeding is performed once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
c. feeding fairy shrimp nauplii and copepods from 16 days old to 24 days old; feeding once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
d. feeding cladocerans and copepods (7:3) from 25 days old to 30 days old; feeding 3 times daily.
SS type rotifers, L type rotifers and fairy shrimp nauplii are not strengthened when the feed is fed.
Comparative example 1:
a pond seedling raising method for tiger-dragon hybrid spots comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of selecting a pond with the area of 1 mu and the water depth of 1.0m as a seedling pond, arranging a circle of inflatable stones 1.0m away from the edge of the seedling pond, and enabling the distance between every two adjacent inflatable stones to be 1 m.
2) Water quality regulation and control: before the newly hatched fish is put into the pond, 0.005mg/L of composite bacteria (photosynthetic bacteria: yeast: nitrobacteria: 3:0.5:0.4) is added into the pond, 0.005mg/L of composite bacteria +0.01mg/L of schizochytrium every other day is added between 5 days and 15 days, 0.005mg/L of composite bacteria +0.005mg/L of nannochloropsis oculata +0.5 mu g/L of taurine +0.5 mu g/L of citric acid is added every day after 16 days to 24 days, 0.005mg/L of composite bacteria +0.04mg/L of chlorella +0.8 mu g/L of salicylic acid is added every day after 25 days to 30 days, and 0.08 mu g/L of aluminum ferric chloride is added into the pond at 25 days; stopping after 30 d; seedling for 0-9 days, and controlling the pH value to be 6.5; after 10 days of seedling culture, the pH value is controlled to be 6.5; controlling the water quality condition in the seedling raising period at salinity of 15, water temperature of 20 ℃ and dissolved oxygen in water of more than 5 ppm; replacing clean seawater 5% every day for 6-10d of seedling raising, replacing seawater 12% every day for 11-15d of seedling raising, replacing seawater 40% every day for 16-24d of seedling raising, and replacing seawater 70% every day for 25-30d of seedling raising;
3) seedling distribution:
a. setting an incubator: the incubator is made of color strip cloth and is rectangular, the specification is 4m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 1m, the incubator is arranged in a seedling culture pond, the upper edge of the incubator is flush with the water level of the seedling culture pond, 1 inflatable stone is uniformly arranged in the incubator according to the area per square meter, the inflatable stone is connected with an inflator and covered by a sunshade net with 80% shading rate above the incubator, the sunlight is prevented from directly shining, clean seawater is extracted from a sea area on the day of purchasing fertilized eggs, the seawater is filtered by a filter bag made of a 100-mesh silk net and then is filled into the incubator until the water level depth of the incubator reaches 0.7m, the inflator of the incubator is opened, and the water body of the incubator is continuously inflated;
b. hatching fertilized eggs: putting the purchased fertilized eggs and the packaging bag into an incubator for 0.5-1 h until the water temperature in the packaging bag is consistent with that of the incubator, detaching the packaging bag, and allowing the fertilized eggs to enter the incubator for incubation, wherein the incubation density of the fertilized eggs is 90 multiplied by 103Particles/m3Under the condition of inflation, the fertilized eggs roll in the water body, timing is started from fertilization, the fertilized eggs hatch fry after 24 hours, and the fry are left in an incubator for 3d after hatch;
c. putting the fry into a fry pond: when the larvae are 4 days old after being taken out of the membranes, starting an inflator of the fry culture pond for uninterrupted inflation, unfastening the incubator from the fixing frame, immersing the four edge parts of any incubator below the water level of the fry culture pond, continuously inflating inflatable stones in the incubator, slowly enabling the larvae to swim into the fry culture pond under the action of water flow, and after 1 hour, removing the incubator after all the larvae in the incubator enter the fry culture pond;
4) illumination adjustment: the illumination requirement on the surface of the pond during seedling culture is 4000 lx;
5) feeding:
a. feeding SS type rotifers to 3-5-day-old fish fries, wherein the length of each rotifer is 90-110 micrometers, the width of each rotifer is 60-90 micrometers, and feeding is carried out once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
b. feeding L-type rotifers between 6 days old and 15 days old to the fry, wherein the length of each individual is 200-220 micrometers, the width of each individual is 150-160 micrometers, and the feeding is performed once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
c. feeding fairy shrimp nauplii and copepods from 16 days old to 24 days old; feeding once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
d. feeding cladocerans and copepods (2:8) from 25 days old to 30 days old; feeding 1 time per day.
SS type rotifers, L type rotifers and fairy shrimp nauplii are not strengthened when the feed is fed.
Comparative example 2:
a pond seedling raising method for tiger-dragon hybrid spots comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a pond with the area of 5 mu and the water depth of 3m as a seedling pond, arranging a circle of inflatable stones 3m away from the edge of the seedling pond, and setting the distance between every two adjacent inflatable stones to be 4 m.
2) Water quality regulation and control: before the newly hatched fish is put into the pond, 0.03mg/L of compound bacteria (photosynthetic bacteria: yeast: nitrobacteria: 3:5:6) is added into the pond, 0.05mg/L of compound bacteria +0.07mg/L of schizochytrium limacinum is added every other day between 5 days and 15 days, 0.05mg/L of compound bacteria +0.02mg/L of nannochloropsis miniata +5 mu g/L of taurine +4 mu g/L of citric acid is added every day after 16 days to 24 days, 0.05mg/L of compound bacteria +0.2mg/L of chlorella +3 mu g/L of salicylic acid is added every day after 25 days to 30 days, and 0.5 mu g/L of aluminum ferric chloride is added in the 25 th day; stopping after 30 d; seedling for 0-9 days, and controlling the pH value to be 8.5; after 10 days of seedling culture, the pH value is controlled between 8.5; controlling the water quality condition in the seedling raising period to be salinity of 38, water temperature of 25-37 ℃ and dissolved oxygen in water to be more than 5 ppm; replacing clean seawater by 20% every day for 6-10d of seedling raising, replacing seawater by 35% every day for 11-15d of seedling raising, replacing seawater by 50% every day for 16-24d of seedling raising, and replacing seawater by 100% every day for 25-30d of seedling raising;
3) seedling distribution:
a. setting an incubator: the incubator is made of color strip cloth and is rectangular, the specification is 4m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 1m, the incubator is arranged in a seedling culture pond, the upper edge of the incubator is 0.5cm higher than the water level of the seedling culture pond, 1 inflatable stone is uniformly arranged in the incubator according to the area per square meter, the inflatable stone is connected with an inflator and covered by a sunshade net with 95% shading rate above the incubator to prevent direct sunlight, clean seawater is extracted from a sea area on the day of purchasing fertilized eggs, the seawater is filtered by a filter bag made of 300-mesh silk net and then is filled into the incubator until the water level depth of the incubator reaches 1m, the inflator of the incubator is opened to continuously inflate the water body of the incubator;
b. hatching fertilized eggs: putting the purchased fertilized eggs and the packaging bags into an incubator for 2 hours until the water temperature in the packaging bags is consistent with that of the incubator, detaching the packaging bags, and allowing the fertilized eggs to enter the incubator for incubation, wherein the incubation density of the fertilized eggs is 150 multiplied by 103Particles/m3Under the condition of inflation, the fertilized eggs roll in the water body, timing is started from fertilization, the fertilized eggs hatch fry after 24 hours, and the fry are left in an incubator for 3d after hatch;
c. putting the fry into a fry pond: when the larvae are 4 days old after being taken out of the membranes, starting an inflator of the fry culture pond for uninterrupted inflation, unfastening the incubator from the fixing frame, immersing the four edge parts of any incubator below the water level of the fry culture pond, continuously inflating inflatable stones in the incubator, slowly enabling the larvae to swim into the fry culture pond under the action of water flow, and after 5 hours, removing the incubator after all the larvae in the incubator enter the fry culture pond;
4) illumination adjustment: the illumination requirement on the surface of the pond during seedling culture is 10000 lx;
5) feeding:
a. feeding SS type rotifers to 3-5-day-old larvae, wherein the length of each rotifer is 170-180 micrometers, the width of each rotifer is 95-100 micrometers, and feeding is carried out once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
b. feeding L-type rotifers from 6 to 15 days of the larvae, wherein the length of each individual is 270-;
c. feeding fairy shrimp nauplii and copepods from 16 days old to 24 days old; feeding once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
d. feeding cladocerans and copepods (7:3) from 25 days old to 30 days old; feeding 5 times per day.
SS type rotifers, L type rotifers and fairy shrimp nauplii are not strengthened when the feed is fed.
Comparative example 3:
a pond seedling raising method for tiger-dragon hybrid spots comprises the following steps:
1) the selection of the seedling raising pond is the same as that in the example 1.
2) Water quality regulation and control: before the newly hatched fries are put into the pond, 0.02mg/L of composite bacteria (photosynthetic bacteria: nitrobacteria: 3:1:2) is added into the pond, 0.02mg/L of composite bacteria +0.03mg/L of schizochytrium limacinum are added every other day between 5 days and 15 days, 0.02mg/L of composite bacteria +0.015mg/L of nannochloropsis minitans are added every day after 16 days to 24 days, and 0.02mg/L of composite bacteria +0.05mg/L of chlorella are added every day after 25 days to 30 days; stopping after 30 d; culturing seedlings for 0-9 days, and controlling the pH value to be 8.0; after 10 days of seedling culture, the pH value is controlled to be 7.2; controlling the water quality condition in the seedling raising period at salinity of 30, water temperature of 28 ℃ and dissolved oxygen in water of more than 5 ppm; replacing clean seawater 10% for 6-10d of seedling, replacing seawater 20% for 11-15d of seedling, replacing seawater 45% for 16-24d of seedling, and replacing seawater 80% for 25-30d of seedling;
step 3), step 4) are the same as in example 1.
5) Feeding:
a. feeding SS type rotifers to 3-5-day-old larvae, wherein the length of each rotifer is 150 microns, the width of each rotifer is 60-90 microns, and feeding is carried out once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
b. feeding L-type rotifers between 6 days old and 15 days old to the fry, wherein the length of each individual is 250 microns, the width is 160 microns, and the feeding is performed once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
c. feeding fairy shrimp nauplii from 16 days old to 24 days old; feeding once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
d. feeding copepods from 25 to 30 days old; feeding for 2 times per day.
SS type rotifers, L type rotifers and fairy shrimp nauplii are not strengthened when the feed is fed.
Experimental example:
the methods of the examples and the comparative examples are respectively adopted for breeding, and after 30 days of breeding, the body composition, the survival rate and the fullness of the larval fish of each group are measured.
The survival rate is equal to the number of young fishes/the number of fry released multiplied by 100 percent at the end of the experiment;
fullness K ═ m/L3)×100；
Wherein m is body mass (g) and L is body length (cm);
the results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001669757580000111
TABLE 2
Moisture (%) Crude protein (%) Crude fat (%)
Example 1 80.93±0.24 50.13±0.93 8.96±0.33
Example 2 80.45±0.33 49.01±0.84 8.72±0.53
Example 3 81.30±0.34 50.08±0.85 8.50±0.64
Comparative example 1 80.12±0.25 45.50±0.64 6.52±0.36
Comparative example 2 81.05±0.36 43.63±0.73 7.63±0.54
Comparative example 3 81.00±0.43 42.49±0.85 6.56±0.65
As can be seen from the results in tables 1 and 2, after 30 days of seedling culture, the body mass, survival rate, fullness, crude protein content and crude fat content of the tiger-dragon hybrid spots of the invention are all obviously higher than those of the comparative examples, wherein the seedling culture effect of the group of example 1 is best, the survival rate is as high as 99.93%, and the fullness is as high as 5.45g/cm3The crude protein content is up to 50.13 percent, and the crude fat content is up to 8.96 percent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A pond seedling raising method for Hulong hybrid spots with high survival rate and growth rate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting a seedling raising pond;
2) water quality regulation and control: before the newly hatched fries are placed in a pond, 0.01-0.02mg/L of compound bacteria are added into the pond, 0.01-0.03mg/L of compound bacteria, 0.02-0.05mg/L of schizochytrium limacinum are added every other day between 5-15 days, 0.01-0.03mg/L of compound bacteria, 0.01-0.015mg/L of nannochloropsis oculata, 1-3 mug/L of taurine and 1-2 mug/L of citric acid are added every day between 16-24 days, 0.01-0.03mg/L of compound bacteria, 0.05-0.1mg/L of chlorella and 1-2 mug/L of salicylic acid are added every day between 25-30 days, and 0.1-0.3 mug/L of aluminum ferric chloride is added every 24 days; stopping after 30 d; regulating pH value, water temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen; replacing clean seawater 10% every day for 6-10d of seedling raising, replacing seawater 20-30% every day for 11-15d of seedling raising, replacing seawater 42-45% every day for 16-24d of seedling raising, and replacing seawater 80-85% every day for 25-30d of seedling raising; the method for regulating and controlling the pH value, the water temperature, the salinity and the dissolved oxygen comprises the following steps: culturing seedlings for 0-9 days, and controlling the pH value between 7.0-8.5; after 10 days of seedling culture, the pH value is controlled between 7.0 and 7.5; controlling the water quality condition in the seedling raising period at salinity of 17-35, water temperature of 25-33 deg.C, and dissolved oxygen in water of more than 5 ppm;
3) distributing seedlings;
4) illumination adjustment: the illumination requirement on the surface of the pond during the seedling culture period is 5000-;
5) feeding:
a. feeding SS type rotifers to 3-5-day-old fish fries once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
b. feeding L-type rotifers between 6 and 15 days of the larva fishes once between 8:00 and 8:30 every day;
c. feeding fairy shrimp nauplii and copepods from 16 days old to 24 days old; feeding once every day between 8:00 and 8: 30;
d. feeding the cladocerans and the copepods from 25 days old to 30 days old; feeding for 2-3 times per day.
2. The pond seedling method of the tiger dragon hybrid spots with high survival rate and growth rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 1) is as follows: selecting a pond with the area of 2-3 mu and the water depth of 1.5-2.5m as a seedling pond, arranging a circle of inflatable stones 1.5-2m away from the edge of the seedling pond, and enabling the distance between every two adjacent inflatable stones to be 2-3 m.
3. The pond seedling method for Hulong hybrid spots with high survival rate and growth rate according to claim 1, wherein the composite bacteria added during water quality regulation are photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes and nitrobacteria, and the ratio of the three bacteria is 3-2:1: 1.
4. The pond seedling method of the tiger dragon hybrid spots with high survival rate and growth rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3) is:
a. setting an incubator: the specification of the incubator is 4m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 1m or 6m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 1m, the incubator is arranged in a seedling culture pond, the upper edge of the incubator is 0.1-0.15 cm higher than the water level of the seedling culture pond, 1 inflatable stone is uniformly arranged in the incubator according to the area per square meter, the inflatable stone is connected with an inflator and covered by a sunshade net with 90% shading rate above the incubator, on the day of purchasing fertilized eggs, seawater is filtered by a 200-mesh filter bag and then is filled into the incubator until the water level depth of the incubator reaches 0.85-0.9 m, and the inflator of the incubator is opened;
b. hatching fertilized eggs: putting the fertilized eggs and the packaging bag into an incubator for 0.5-1 h until the water temperature in the packaging bag is consistent with that of the incubator, detaching the packaging bag, and allowing the fertilized eggs to enter the incubator for incubation, wherein the incubation density of the fertilized eggs is 100 multiplied by 103～120×103Particles/m3Hatching the larva fishes after the fertilized eggs are incubated for 24-26 h, and remaining the larva fishes in an incubator for cultivation for 3 d;
c. and (5) putting the fry into a fry raising pond.
5. The pond seedling method of the tiger dragon hybrid spots with high survival rate and growth rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the young non-larvae of SS type rotifer, L type rotifer and fairy shrimp are not strengthened when fed.
6. The pond seedling method of Hulong hybrid spots with high survival rate and growth rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the length of the SS type rotifer individual is 150 microns, and the width is 60-90 microns; the length of the L-shaped rotifer is 240-250 microns, and the width is 150-160 microns; the ratio of cladocera to copepods is 7: 3.
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Denomination of invention: A seedling raising method of tiger dragon hybrid spot pond with high survival rate and growth rate

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